Microstructural, Mechanical and Residual Stress Behaviour of Dissimilar Induction-Assisted Friction Stir Welded Inconel 718-AISI SS321 Joints

IF 4 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI:10.1007/s12540-024-01863-x

Rituraj Bhattacharjee, Prabhat Chand Yadav, Tanmoy Medhi, Pankaj Biswas

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Abstract

This study analyzes the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of dissimilar induction-assisted friction stir welded (IAFSWed) Inconel 718 (IN718) and AISI stainless steel 321 (SS321) joints. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was conducted on specimens welded at 300 rpm 40 mm/min (300/40) and 450 rpm 70 mm/min (450/70). The grain boundary analysis showed that the 450/70 specimen had a higher fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) at 86.9%, with low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) at 13.1%. The lower Kernel average misorientation (KAM) value (0.945 ± 0.05) indicated reduced strain and residual stress, improving mechanical properties. In contrast, a “bi-model” grain structure with larger grains was seen in the 300/40 specimen. Microhardness tests revealed a 13.5% improvement in Inconel compared to steel for the 450/70 condition, leading to a tensile strength of 614.36 MPa, which is 88.26% of the SS321 base material. Fractographic analysis showed a predominantly ductile fracture mode, with fine (Ti, Nb)C and (Nb)C particles enhancing mechanical properties. Tool rotation speed affected stress distribution, with higher speeds producing lower residual stresses due to increased heat generation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that longitudinal and transverse residual stresses were higher in the 300/40 specimen than in the 450/70 specimen.

Graphical Abstract

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不同感应辅助搅拌摩擦焊接Inconel 718-AISI SS321接头的显微组织、力学和残余应力行为

研究了不同感应辅助搅拌摩擦焊接（IAFSWed） Inconel 718 （IN718）和AISI不锈钢321 （SS321）接头的组织演变和力学性能。对焊接速度为300 rpm /40 mm/min（300/40）和450 rpm /70 mm/min（450/70）的试样进行电子背散射衍射（EBSD）。晶界分析表明，450/70试样的高角晶界（HAGBs）占86.9%，低角晶界（LAGBs）占13.1%。较低的核平均取向偏差（KAM）值（0.945±0.05）表明应变和残余应力降低，力学性能得到改善。相比之下，在300/40试样中出现了晶粒较大的“双模式”晶粒结构。显微硬度测试显示，在450/70条件下，与钢相比，Inconel的抗拉强度提高了13.5%，达到614.36 MPa，是SS321基体材料的88.26%。断口形貌分析显示其主要为韧性断裂，细小的（Ti, Nb）C和（Nb）C颗粒增强了其力学性能。刀具转速影响应力分布，较高的转速产生较低的残余应力，因为产生的热量增加。x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，300/40试件的纵向和横向残余应力均高于450/70试件。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Metals and Materials International 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

8.60%

发文量

197

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.