Numerical Modeling of Concentration Behaviors of Carbon, Oxygen, and Aluminum During Ruhrstahl–Heraeus Process

IF 4 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1007/s12540-024-01868-6

Tae Ung Youn, Saeum Bae, Kyung Woo Yi

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Abstract

Ultralow-carbon steel production is crucial for several applications in the steelmaking industry. Ruhrstahl–Heraeus (RH) degassing is a prominent method for decarburization, achieved by blowing inert (Ar) gas into melt, inducing circulation between ladle and vacuum vessel. Although empirical models provide some insights, the complexity of RH operations necessitates advanced numerical modeling for various parameters influencing melt flow circulation and chemical reactions. This study proposes a comprehensive numerical model to simulate fluid flow and concentration behaviors with various operating parameters during RH operations. The numerical model incorporates melt circulation, plume shape, bubble expansion, and buoyancy forces to predict changes in carbon, oxygen, and aluminum concentrations throughout the process. Key elements include decarburization and deoxidation reactions and operating parameter effects including oxygen blowing (OB) and carbon addition in RH. The calculation model follows a procedure that significantly reduces calculation time while performing calculations including various parameters. Verification with plant data shows good agreement, demonstrating capabilities of predicting calculations. Accordingly, a difference of 0.57%p is recorded for carbon concentration. For calculations including OB and carbon addition, differences of 0.79%p and 0.35%p are recorded, respectively. The findings of this study provide a valuable reference for future investigations and process optimization in RH steelmaking.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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Ruhrstahl-Heraeus过程中碳、氧和铝浓度行为的数值模拟

超低碳钢的生产对炼钢行业的一些应用至关重要。Ruhrstahl-Heraeus （RH）脱气是一种重要的脱碳方法，通过将惰性（Ar）气体吹入熔体中，诱导钢包和真空容器之间的循环来实现。尽管经验模型提供了一些见解，但RH操作的复杂性需要对影响熔体流动循环和化学反应的各种参数进行先进的数值模拟。本研究提出了一个综合的数值模型来模拟RH操作过程中不同操作参数下的流体流动和浓度行为。数值模型结合了熔体循环、羽流形状、气泡膨胀和浮力来预测整个过程中碳、氧和铝浓度的变化。关键因素包括脱碳和脱氧反应以及RH中吹氧和加碳等操作参数的影响。该计算模型在执行包括各种参数在内的计算时，遵循的程序大大减少了计算时间。与工厂数据的验证显示出良好的一致性，证明了预测计算的能力。因此，碳浓度的差异记录为0.57%p。对于包括OB和碳添加在内的计算，分别记录了0.79%p和0.35%p的差异。研究结果为RH炼钢的进一步研究和工艺优化提供了有价值的参考。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Metals and Materials International 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

8.60%

发文量

197

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.