Metals and Materials International最新文献

{"title":"Study of the Effect of Current Density on the Metallurgical Properties of AlFeCrNiTi High Entropy Alloy Coating Produced by Pulse Plating","authors":"Zahra Shojaei,&nbsp;Gholam Reza Khayati,&nbsp;Esmaeel Darezereshki","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01767-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01767-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulsed current electrodeposition was used to deposit a novel AlFeCrNiTi high entropy alloy coating on copper. As a first step, cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the minimum current required to reduce all metal ions on the substrate. Afterward, 150, 250 and 350 mA/cm² current densities were investigated for their effects on coating microstructure, corrosion, mechanical, and magnetic properties. SEM, EDS, and XRD studies were conducted to examine the coatings morphology, chemical composition, and phase analysis. A microhardness, wear, VSM, DC polarization, and EIS techniques were used to study the mechanical, magnetic, and corrosion properties of the coatings. As a result of EDS, XRD, and thermodynamic calculations, AlFeCrNiTi high entropy alloy coating with the BCC + FCC combined structure has been confirmed. Moreover, it was determined from other tests that coatings with a uniform structure, maximum microhardness (520 HV) and charge transfer resistance (4306 Ω.cm²), the lowest corrosion current density (0.088 <i>µ</i>A/cm²), and favorable wear properties were obtained at a pulsed electroplating current density of 250 mA/cm². Due to the higher nickel and iron content of the coating created at 150 mA/cm², maximum saturation magnetization was achieved (105.64 emu/g).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 2","pages":"442 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence Mechanism of Boron Addition on the Precipitation Behavior of Super Austenitic Stainless Steel S32654","authors":"Jiangtao Yu,&nbsp;Shucai Zhang,&nbsp;Huabing Li,&nbsp;Zhouhua Jiang,&nbsp;Hao Feng,&nbsp;Hongchun Zhu,&nbsp;Teng Ban,&nbsp;Tingyu Ren","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01772-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01772-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence mechanism of Boron (B) addition on the precipitation behavior of S32654 was systematically investigated in this work. The results indicated that B significantly inhibited the nucleation and growth of σ phase through its non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation (NGS) at 1000 °C. The segregation of B at grain boundary (GB) decreased GB energy and suppressed Cr and Mo segregation, thus reducing the nucleation sites of intergranular σ phase. B also segregated at vacancies and dislocations during its reverse diffusion process, reducing the nucleation sites of intragranular σ. Meanwhile, B markedly decreased the nucleation rate of σ phases. In addition, B inhibited the growth of σ phase through segregation at σ/γ interface. Under the combined inhibitory effects of B, the precipitation of σ phase was markedly suppressed. By comparation, the addition of B has little effect on the precipitation of Cr₂N. B decreased the nucleation position but accelerated the nucleation rate. Under the joint action of these two opposing factors, the nucleation ability of Cr₂N has not significantly changed. Additionally, the segregation tendency of B at Cr₂N/γ interfaces was weak, leading to a little inhibition effect on the Cr₂N growth. Therefore, the precipitation tendency of Cr₂N in B-bearing and B-free steels was basically the same.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 3","pages":"728 - 741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Study of Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Performance of Nano Medium-Entropy FeCoNi Magnetic Alloy Particles with Varying Ni Element Contents","authors":"Hong Li,&nbsp;Hongyang Li,&nbsp;Feng Yang,&nbsp;Qing Cai,&nbsp;Wenqi Xu,&nbsp;Ran Wang,&nbsp;Ying Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01737-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01737-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the influence of Ni element content on the absorptive properties of nano medium-entropy FeCoNi alloy particles, five groups of nano medium-entropy FeCoNi alloy particles was synthesized with varying Ni element contents by chemical liquid-phase reduction, and the microstructure characteristics, magnetic and absorptive properties were studied. The results show that the synthesized nano medium-entropy FeCoNi alloy particles have a spherical geometry and face-centered cubic crystal structure, with a slight increase in particle size as the Ni element content increases, averaging radius 100–200 nm. The alloy particles exhibit soft magnetic properties, with decreasing saturation magnetization intensity, coercivity, and residual magnetization as the Ni element content increases. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant and complex magnetic permeability of the prepared FeCoNi alloy particles show an increasing followed by a decreasing trend with the increase of Ni element content, maximum values was with Ni element content of x = 0.8. As the electromagnetic frequency increases, the real part of the complex magnetic permeability of the alloy particles follows a decreasing trend, and the imaginary part of the magnetic permeability at a Ni element content of x = 0.8 is lower than that of the other alloy particles. The dielectric loss gradually increases with the rise of electromagnetic wave frequency, with polarization relaxation was the primary loss mechanism. At a Ni element content of x = 0.8, the alloy particle sample demonstrates the widest effective absorption bandwidth 4.48 GHz with sample thickness of 1.4 mm and the maximum reflection loss 44.2 dB with thickness of 1.6 mm. Similarly, with Ni element content of x = 1, the alloy particle sample exhibits the largest effective absorption bandwidth 5.36 GHz at thickness 1.6 mm and the maximum reflection loss 32.5 dB at thickness of 1.8 mm.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Five sets of nano medium-entropy FeCoNi alloy particles with varying Ni element contents were fabricated with chemical liquid deposition and the static magnetic characteristics with electromagnetic wave absorption performance were provided and studied. The maximum reflection loss 44.2 dB and the largest effective absorption bandwidth 5.36 GHz with thickness 1.6 mm were obtained.</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"272 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Influence of Plastic Deformation and Hydroxyapatite Coating on Structure, Mechanical, Corrosion, Antibacterial and Cell Viability Properties of Zinc Based Biodegradable Alloys","authors":"B. Aksakal,&nbsp;Ege Isın,&nbsp;N. Aslan,&nbsp;S. Cihangir,&nbsp;S. Sezek,&nbsp;Yasemin Yilmazer","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01762-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01762-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 12","pages":"3338 - 3338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12540-024-01762-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled CA-FE Simulation for Dynamic Recrystallization Microstructure Evolution of AZ61 Magnesium Alloy","authors":"Yingjie Chen,&nbsp;Quanan Li,&nbsp;Xiaoya Chen,&nbsp;Jinfeng Tan,&nbsp;Huanju He","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01757-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01757-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior during the thermal deformation process of AZ61 magnesium alloy was systematically studied using a combined finite element (FE) and cellular automaton (CA) model. Isothermal compression experiments on AZ61 magnesium alloy were conducted using a Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator at temperatures ranging from 300 to 450 ℃ and strain rates from 0.003 to 1 s⁻¹, obtaining true stress–strain curves under various deformation conditions. Based on the obtained experimental data, a high-precision physical constitutive model for AZ61 alloy was established, along with a DRX kinetics model and a recrystallization critical model. At the same time, the grain size model was established by measuring the microstructure of the alloy. In addition, the parameters of the CA model were found, and the dislocation density model for CA simulation was established on this basis. Simulation results indicated that the dynamic recrystallization behavior is influenced by deformation temperature, strain rate, and strain. The predicted DRX volume fraction and average grain size matched well with experimental results, with a maximum error of less than 8%, demonstrating the high accuracy of the established model. This validated the effectiveness and predictive prospect of the CA-FE coupled method, this method provides a powerful tool and theoretical guidance for studying the DRX microstructure evolution of AZ61 magnesium alloy during hot deformation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>The model and simulation results required for DRX simulation during hot deformation of AZ61 magnesium alloy</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 2","pages":"563 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of TaC Addition on the Microstructure Transformation and High-Temperature Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding Ti2AlNb Coatings","authors":"Jing Liang,&nbsp;Shipeng Jin,&nbsp;Nanying Lv,&nbsp;Cong Wang,&nbsp;Xiuyuan Yin,&nbsp;Suiyuan Chen,&nbsp;Changsheng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01744-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01744-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ti₂AlNb-based coatings with different TaC additions (0, 1.25, 2.5 and 5 at%) were prepared on Ti-6Al-4 V alloy to improve its surface properties by laser cladding. The effects of TaC addition on the morphology, microstructure transformation and mechanical properties of the laser cladding TiC/Ti₂AlNb coatings were studied. The results showed that the TiC/Ti₂AlNb coatings mainly composed of matrix B2 phase, layered O phase and a small amount of TiC. In situ formed TiC effectively refined the microstructure of the coatings. When the TaC addition increased from 0 to 5 at%, with the amount of in situ formed TiC increased from 0 to 20%, the grain size of B2 decreased from ~ 400 μm to ~ 50 μm, and the grain size of O phase decreased from ~ 3 μm to ~ 1 μm. The microhardness and wear resistance of TiC/Ti₂AlNb based coatings improved when the TaC addition increased from 0 to 2.5 at%. The average microhardness for the sample with 2.5 at% TaC addition (602.18 HV_0.5) was 1.06 times that of the sample without TaC (568.36 HV_0.5), while the wear mass loss (16.28 mg) at 25 ℃ was only 43.4% that of the sample without TaC (37.50 mg). When the samples worn at 400 ℃ and 800 ℃ for 45 min, the wear mass losses of the sample with 2.5 at% TaC addition were only 15.13 mg and 13.50 mg, which were 50.9% and 51.5% these of the sample without TaC addition, respectively. The wear mass loss of sample with 5 at%TaC addition increased up to 16.04 mg and 16.4 mg, which means the large amount coarse TiC (dendrites) and the decrease of O phase fraction lowed the wear resistance of the TiC/Ti₂AlNb coatings, though it still less than that of the Ti₂AlNb coating (29.68 mg and 26.2 mg).</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 2","pages":"405 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Direct Quenching and Partitioning Processes in Improving Austenite Stability and Stretch Flangeability in a Low C Steel","authors":"Chintada Umasankar,&nbsp;Kali Prasad,&nbsp;Yeon Taek Choi,&nbsp;Do Won Lee,&nbsp;Hyoung Seop Kim,&nbsp;S. Sankaran,&nbsp;Uday Chakkingal","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01756-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01756-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current research work introduces a novel processing technique involving a combination of hot rolling and a direct quench and partitioning treatments to produce an ultra-high strength, low-carbon and lean-composition steel with superior mechanical properties and enhanced stretch flangeability. The methodology involves the introduction of a secondary partitioning step after a one-step direct quenching and partitioning (DQP) process. A detailed investigations on microstructures, tensile properties and stretch flangeability (using hole expansion testing) were carried out. The martensite-austenite two phase microstructure resulted in a remarkably improved product of strength and elongation (PSE, 24 GPa.%), the hole expansion ratio of 45% and a total elongation of 21.7%. It is shown that the stability of retained austenite, rather than its volume fraction, has a significant impact on the strain hardening rate, and therefore influences strength, ductility and stretch flangeability. The results indicate that tailoring retained austenite stability is essential for optimizing the mechanical performance and stretch flangeability of quenched and partitioned steels. Introducing secondary partitioning into the Q&amp;P process provides a feasibility to achieve a large fraction of total retained austenite, (predominantly film-type, along with small-sized blocky retained austenite islands in the microstructure), which results in high-strength Q&amp;P steels with excellent global and local formability.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"84 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dwell Time on Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue Behavior in a Single-Crystal Ni-Based Superalloy","authors":"Hee Soo Yun,&nbsp;Jaeyeong Park,&nbsp;Sang Koo Jeon,&nbsp;Van Hung Dao,&nbsp;Young-Kook Lee,&nbsp;Seung Hoon Nahm","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01761-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01761-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microstructural effect on the dwell time of the TMF test, which can describe a part of the gas turbine, was studied. In out-of-phase (OP) with dwell time on a single-crystal Ni-based superalloy, the TMF life was reduced by 61.5% compared to without dwell times. Due to the introduction of dwell time, the deformation behavior transitioned from hardening to softening. During exposure at maximum temperature, stress relaxation was occurred, which meant releasing the dislocation tangle. However, the dwell time led to the topologically close-packed (TCP) phase formation and growth. In conditions with the dwell time, TCP phase particles were increased by 241% and coarsened. Also, mechanical twins, which had resistance to crack propagation, were reduced. Therefore, the introduction of dwell time led to the promotion of cracks and the loss of resistance to crack propagation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 2","pages":"508 - 522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141938822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate Location Detection Method for Aluminum Profile Surface Defects Based on Improved YOLOX-S Algorithm","authors":"Shuaishuai Lv,&nbsp;Zhengjie Hou,&nbsp;Bin Li,&nbsp;Hongjun Ni,&nbsp;Weidong Shi,&nbsp;Chuanzhen Tao,&nbsp;Lin Zhou,&nbsp;Hai Gu,&nbsp;Linfei Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01764-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01764-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aluminum profiles in the production process will inevitably appear a variety of surface defects, seriously affect the quality of products. The traditional method to detect the surface defects can not meet the actual demand, so it is of great significance to study the efficient detection method. In this paper, digital image processing methods such as rotation, flip, contrast and brightness transformation are used to increase the number of samples and simulate the complex imaging environment. An improved YOLOX-S detection model is proposed. Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks is embedded in the Cross Stage Partial module, and then SECSP module is proposed, and all CSP modules in YOLO-S are replaced with SECSP module, which improves the sensitivity of the network to the feature channel. SCYLLA-IoU loss function is used instead of IoU loss function. The improved model can improve the detection ability of small targets and the ability to resist background interference information. The mAP reaches 91.62, which is 1.82% higher than that of the basic YOLOX-S, and the detection speed reaches 58.67 frames ·s⁻¹, which can meet the real-time detection requirements. At the same time, the comparison experiment proves that the comprehensive performance of the proposed detection model is the best, and the detection accuracy and speed have reached a good balance. The ablation experiment proves that the two improved schemes can improve the detection accuracy of the network.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 2","pages":"523 - 536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141938821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot Tensile Deformation Behaviour of AA2524-T3 Alloy and Prediction of Johnson–Cook Model Parameters","authors":"R. T. P. Rajendra Kumar,&nbsp;K. Jayabal,&nbsp;M. Kamaraj,&nbsp;Srinivasa Rao Bakshi","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01749-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01749-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presented work explores the quasi-static response of AA2524-T3 alloy studied under hot tensile loading. The impact on the flow stress of this alloy due to different strain rates in the range of 0.001 <span>(hbox {s}^{-1})</span> to 0.1 <span>(hbox {s}^{-1})</span> and temperatures between 25 and 300 °C are investigated experimentally. The initial microstructural features and subsequent microstructural changes after taking the alloy to various test temperatures, but prior to tensile testing, are characterized through extensive microscopical analysis. The formation of fine cell structures and the occurrence of more intense recovery mechanism are observed at 250 °C. Above this temperature, it is observed the presence of more amount of <span>(hbox {S}^{prime })</span> precipitates. After performing hot tensile loading on AA2524-T3 under a various combination of test temperatures and strain rates, the fracture morphology of tested samples are examined. Notably, the ductility of AA2524-T3 alloy decreases marginally with an increase in strain rate up to 200 °C and beyond this temperature, it increases considerably for increase in strain rates. In addition to the experimental study, the parameters of Johnson–Cook constitutive model are determined to predict the flow stress behavior of AA2524-T3 for selected testing conditions. Finally, the strain rate sensitivity and thermal softening coefficient, the key parameters in Johnson–Cook model, are optimized for the chosen test ranges.</p>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 2","pages":"467 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141938823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}