Metals and Materials International最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Reduction Partitioning in Two-Stage Cold Rolling on the Surface Ridging Resistance of Ferritic Stainless Steel","authors":"Kangjie Song,&nbsp;Luyang Miao,&nbsp;Haochen Ding,&nbsp;Chi Zhang,&nbsp;Liwen Zhang,&nbsp;Guanyu Deng,&nbsp;Jibin Pei","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01821-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01821-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of reduction partitioning in two-stage cold rolling on the microstructure, texture, and ridging resistance of ferritic stainless steel was investigated to obtain the optimal process to improve the surface quality of the sheets. In the present study, four different cold rolling processes were employed: conventional cold rolling without intermediate annealing (i.e., Route 1) and two-stage cold rolling with three different reduction partitionings (i.e., Routes 2, 3, and 4). In Route 1 final annealed sheets, significant surface ridging defects were observed due to relatively large grain sizes, pronounced oriented grain colonies and size grain colonies. The ridging resistance of the final annealed sheets in the two-stage cold rolling process improved compared to Route 1. In two-stage cold rolling, the optimal ridging resistance was obtained when the first-stage cold rolling employed a 50% reduction and the second-stage cold rolling employed an 80% reduction. The results show that the texture is mainly shifted from α-fiber orientation to γ-fiber orientation. Additionally, decreasing the {001} &lt; 110 &gt; orientation volume fraction, improving the uniformity along the γ-fiber texture, increasing the γ-fiber intensity, and decreasing the average grain size of the final annealed sheets can improve the ridging resistance of the sheets. Moreover, eliminating orientation and size of grain colonies to achieve a uniform distribution is a key factor in improving the ridging resistance of the sheets. The appropriate reduction partitioning is a crucial factor in determining the ridging resistance of two-stage cold rolling final annealed sheets.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1334 - 1351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Rolling and Artificial Aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a 2195 Al–Li Alloy by Ultrasonic Casting","authors":"Ruiqing Li,&nbsp;Chenyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Ripeng Jiang,&nbsp;Anqing Li,&nbsp;Yongchang Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01815-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01815-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synergistic strengthening by plastic deformation and heat treatment is an important way to correct the casting defects of 2195 Al‒Li alloys and enhance their strength and plasticity. In this study, homogenized 2195 Al‒Li alloy ingots were hot-rolled at 450 °C and cold-rolled at 25 °C. The deformed samples were heat treated at T6. The effects of cold rolling and hot rolling processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2195 Al‒Li alloys were compared. The strengthening behaviors of the two rolled state 2195 Al‒Li alloys under different aging regimes were explored. The experimental results revealed that the aging hardening effect was more distinct at 180 °C, and cold rolling produced better mechanical properties than hot rolling did. The samples cold-rolled at 180 °C for 18 h presented a tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 515.4 MPa, 439.3 MPa, and 11.0%, respectively. Under the cold rolling process, the grain refinement effect is more significant, the dislocation density at the grain boundaries is greater, and the role of fine-grain strengthening is more significant. After cold rolling and artificial aging, a large number of smaller and uniformly distributed T1 strengthening phases precipitated, enhancing the pinning effect on the grains and proving that the main reason for its aging strengthening effect was not fine crystal strengthening but rather precipitation strengthening.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>The study delves into the variations in mechanical properties and the formation mechanisms of plastic deformation during the rolling process of 2195 aluminum–lithium alloy. It compares the effects of cold rolling and hot rolling processes on the macroscopic and microscopic structures of the alloy. Additionally, experimental research is conducted on the aging behavior of the alloy in the rolled state. The results reveal the effects of two processes: hot rolling at 450 °C and cold rolling at room temperature (25 °C), as well as artificial aging treatments at 120, 150, 180, and 210 °C, on the mechanical properties of ultrasonically cast 2195 aluminum–lithium alloy. The results showed that for the hot rolling 18 ℃/18 h specimen, the tensile strength was 506.0 MPa, the yield strength was 395.2 MPa, and the elongation was 13.7%. Similarly, for the cold rolling 180 ℃/18 h specimen, the tensile strength was 515.4 MPa, the yield strength was 439.3 MPa, and the elongation was 11.0%. Compared with the hot rolling process, the cold rolling process had a more obvious effect on the cold rolling process, the average grain size of 2195 Al‒Li alloy was 125.7 μm, and the average grain size of the hot rolling specimens was 178.6 μm. In summary, the low-temperature cold rolling of 2195 Al‒Li alloy using a 180 ℃/18 h aging process yielded the best overall mechanical properties.</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1422 - 1441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Mo and Zr Additions in Enhancing the Behavior of New Ti–Mo Alloys for Implant Materials","authors":"Ahmed H. Awad,&nbsp;Modar Saood,&nbsp;Hayam A. Aly,&nbsp;Ahmed W. Abdelghany","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01813-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01813-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The utilization of Ti–Mo alloys in biomedical applications has gained attention for use in biomedical applications owing to their non-toxicity, reasonable cost, and favorable properties. In the present study, Ti–12Mo–6Zr and Ti–15Mo–6Zr alloys were prepared using elemental blend and mechanical alloying techniques. The effect of alloying elements Mo and Zr of Ti–Mo alloy, as well as the effect of fabrication techniques of Ti–Mo–Zr trinary alloys, were investigated. Thermodynamic calculations supported by CALPHAD analysis revealed that the addition of Zr increases lattice distortion, which contributes to enhancing the strength. Conversely, adding Mo decreases the enthalpy, facilitating improved mixing and solid solution formation. The as-sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscopy, and their microhardness, compressive, and corrosion behavior were investigated. Among all the investigated alloys, Ti–15Mo–6Zr alloy prepared by the mechanical alloying technique, milled for six hours at 300 rpm, compacted at 600 MPa, and sintered at 1250 ℃, shows good comprehensive mechanical properties with a preferable compressive strength (− 1710 MPa) and hardness (396 HV5), as well as the lowest wear rate (0.69%) and corrosion rate (0.557 × 10^–3 mm/year). This can be related to the solid solution strengthening and relative density, together with dispersion and precipitation strengthening of the <i>α</i> phase. Remarkably, the combination of high mechanical and corrosion properties can be achieved by tailoring the content of the <i>α</i> phase, controlling the density, and providing new fabricating techniques for <i>β</i> Ti alloys.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1232 - 1253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12540-024-01813-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Evolution During Homogenization of Direct-Chill-Cast Al–Zn–Mg–Cu Alloy","authors":"Seonghyun Park,&nbsp;Junho Lee,&nbsp;Junhyub Jeon,&nbsp;Sang-Hwa Lee,&nbsp;Jung Ho Shin,&nbsp;Sangmin Choi,&nbsp;Seok-Jae Lee,&nbsp;Jae-Gil Jung","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01814-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01814-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the microstructural evolution during homogenization of a large direct-chill (DC)-cast AA7050 billet. The as-cast billet consists of Al/η-Mg (Zn, Cu, Al)₂ eutectic, Mg₂Si, and Fe intermetallic compounds and exhibits higher constituent phase fraction and solute segregation and larger microstructures in the center region. As the homogenization temperature increased, the secondary phase dissolution rate and solute homogenization rate increased. The center region with larger grain size and dendrite arm spacing exhibited a sluggish rate of phase dissolution and solute homogenization. At 475 °C, a transformation from η into S phase with an orientation relationship was observed in the Al/η-Mg (Zn, Cu, Al)₂ eutectic. The η into S phase transformation did not occur at homogenization temperatures of 485 and 500 °C. Instead, an incipient melting of the Al/η eutectic occurred, resulting in formation of a rosette microstructure composed of fine Al/η eutectic and θ-Al₂Cu phases during quenching. The incipient melting region transforms to an Al matrix or porosity as alloying elements diffuse into the adjacent Al matrix. The hardness of the homogenized billets increased due to dissolution of the constituent phase but decreased as porosity due to the incipient melting becoming severe. The optimal homogenization process for the DC-cast AA7050 billet is discussed in terms of phase dissolution, solute homogenization, and incipient melting.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1323 - 1333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Rapid Cooling on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Friction Stir Welded Twin-Induced Plasticity Steel","authors":"Yong-xin Ding,&nbsp;Yu-qian Wang,&nbsp;Sheng Guo,&nbsp;Guang-ming Xie","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01811-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01811-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High Mn twin-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel are widely used because of their outstanding mechanical properties. In the welded joint of high Mn steel, Mn vapor and segregation reduce the quality of the joints. Friction stir welding (FSW) can obtain high-quality, defect-free joints but low yield strength. This work analyzes the microstructure evolution and deformation behavior of TWIP steel FSW joints in different micro-zones based on changing cooling conditions. Compared to the case under air-cooling, a strong shear stress was identified in the stirring zone (SZ) under water-cooling conditions because water-cooling has higher dislocation density and finer grains in the SZ and heat-affected zone (HAZ). Under water-cooling, the highest yield strength of the joint reached 519 MPa, respectively, since the non-uniformity of joint grain size can promote the accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). In addition, rapid cooling shortens the thermal diffusion distance of HAZ and retains more twin boundaries, which enhances the twin dynamics and leads to twin-induced hardening. The present work provides further insights into the influence of the deformation mechanism of FSW joints of TWIP steel.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1392 - 1404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Cryogenic Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Marine 10Ni5CrMoV Steel","authors":"Tao Zou,&nbsp;Yanwu Dong,&nbsp;Zhouhua Jiang,&nbsp;Jiawei Pan","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01809-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01809-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the multi-stage heat treatment involving quenching (Q), lamellarizing (L), cryogenic (C) and tempering (T) is applied in marine 10Ni5CrMoV steel to study the microstructure and mechanical properties by multi-scale characterizations. Strengthening mechanism, strain hardening behavior and cryogenic toughening mechanism are further investigated. The results indicate that cryogenic treatment induces lattice distortion in martensite, resulting in significant internal stress. This process leads to the shrinkage of the laths, thereby reducing the equivalent grain size of the specimen. The combined cryogenic and tempering process induces continuous martensitic transformation, resulting in a reduction of the austenite volume fraction and dislocation density. The strong internal stress accelerates the movement of defects (dislocations) to grain boundaries. It promotes the precipitation of numerous alloy elements in the form of carbides at these defects, causing a significant decrease in solution strengthening. This is the primary reason why the yield strength of the QLCT specimen is reduced from 889.5 ± 7.8 MPa to 838.5 ± 7.4 MPa compared to the QLT specimen. The QLCT specimen exhibits a single stage strain hardening behavior during plastic deformation and possesses strong strain hardening ability and good machinability. This is attributed to the interaction between fine precipitates and dislocations. During the cryogenic impact process, secondary lattice distortion occurs in the QLCT specimen, further refining the precipitates. This enhances the pinning effect on grain boundaries and dislocations, improving the ability to hinder crack propagation. Consequently, the impact energy of the QLCT specimen increases from 264.3 ± 6.4 J to 278.7 ± 6.3 J at -84 °C, compared to the QLT specimen.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1272 - 1285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure Refinement in Solidification of a Deeply Undercooled Ternary Nickel Based Alloy","authors":"Hongen An,&nbsp;Ismal Saad,&nbsp;Willey Liew Yun Hsien,&nbsp;Nancy Julius Siambun,&nbsp;Bih-Lii Chuab,&nbsp;Hongfu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01796-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01796-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The experimental method employed the use of melt purification and cyclic superheating technique to achieve maximum undercooling of Ni65Cu31Co4 alloy at 300 K. Simultaneously, high-speed photography techniques were used to capture the process of alloy liquid phase interface migration, and analyze the relationship between the shape characteristics of the front end of alloy solidification and undercooling. The microstructure of the alloy was observed through metallographic microscopy, and the micro-morphological characteristics and evolution of the rapidly solidified microstructure were systematically studied. It was found that the grain refinement mechanism of Ni-Cu-Co ternary alloy is similar to that of Ni-Cu binary alloy. Grain refinement at low undercooling is caused by intense dendritic remelting, while grain refinement at high undercooling is attributed to recrystallization, driven by the stress and plastic strain accumulated from the interaction of liquid flow and primary dendrites caused by rapid solidification.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 4","pages":"1128 - 1136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Cr and Fe Elements on Stress Corrosion Fracture Toughness of Titanium Alloy","authors":"Zhi-wei Lian,&nbsp;She-wei Xin,&nbsp;Ping Guo,&nbsp;Huan Wang,&nbsp;Fei Qiang,&nbsp;Xing-yang Tu,&nbsp;Hong-lin Fang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01806-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01806-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synergistic effect of Cr and Fe elements on stress corrosion fracture toughness of titanium alloy was analyzed by phase detection, observation of the microstructure, tensile mechanical properties test and stress corrosion fracture toughness test. TC4-Cr-Fe titanium alloy and TC4 titanium alloy were composed of α phase and β phase, and no other phases were detected. The microstructure characterization showed that the primary alpha phase (α_p) and secondary alpha phase (α_s) can be significantly refined due to the addition of Cr and Fe elements, and the formation of α_s can be promoted. The tensile strength and stress corrosion fracture toughness can be improved by adding Cr and Fe elements. The synergistic effect of Cr and Fe elements on stress corrosion fracture toughness was that on the one hand, the formation of small angle grain boundaries can be promoted, which had a low diffusion rate and inhibited intergranular corrosion. On the other hand, TC4-Cr-Fe titanium alloy had a large number of α_s aggregation regions in different directions, and at the same time, it had a higher proportion of schmid factor ≤ 0.3 in pyramidal slip system. Therefore, when the crack passes through, it will be frequently changed in direction, which has obvious retardation and deflection effect on the crack extension process. And when the grains with low schmid factor were penetrated by cracks, a large number of slip systems were difficult to start, resulting in stress concentration and dislocation density increase. The increase of dislocation density can effectively weaken the driving energy of micro-crack extension and increase the energy needed for its continuous extension, thus the crack extension process was hindered.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 4","pages":"1087 - 1095"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon in Die Steels","authors":"Yingjie Wu,&nbsp;Riming Wu,&nbsp;Yafeng Zheng,&nbsp;Giselle Ramírez,&nbsp;Luis Llanes,&nbsp;Gege Huang,&nbsp;Yunpeng Zhao,&nbsp;Yaqing Yu,&nbsp;Kuicen Li,&nbsp;Yi Xu,&nbsp;Xuejun Jin","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01805-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01805-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Die steels are conventionally used in forging, stamping, casting and injection and so on. Metallurgical elements in die steels like silicon, maganese, carbon and others radically decide the comprehensive properties. This paper has reviewed the current state of the art of silicon effect in die steels in terms of cementite growth, size and distribution of alloy carbides, thermal stability of retained austenite, tempering kinetics, and mechanical properties. Results exposed in different works indicated that silicon tends to segregate at the cementite-ferrite grain boundaries in high-silicon die steels, and the presence of this silicon-rich region effectively delays the formation of cementite. On the other hand, a lower silicon content distributes the carbides between the martensitic laths more uniformly and reduces the particle size to avoid the brittle intergranular fracture. Thus a reduction in the silicon content can significantly improve the toughness and tempering resistance, as well as effectively inhibit the retention of austenite to achieve better dimensional stability of dies. Finally, the obstructive effect of silicon on carbon atoms was verified using an isothermal carbon diffusion model.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 4","pages":"915 - 935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nano-Cu Particles on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu/AZ31 Composites","authors":"Jun Xia,&nbsp;Shenglin Liu,&nbsp;Pengfei Gao,&nbsp;Yuhui Zhang,&nbsp;Pengju Chen,&nbsp;Xiaohui Zhang,&nbsp;Tiegang Luo,&nbsp;Shengli Han,&nbsp;Kaihong Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01807-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01807-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The trade-off relationship between strength and ductility severely constrains the potential applications of magnesium matrix composites (MMCs). In this work, nano-Cu particle reinforced AZ31 composites achieved simultaneous improvements in strength and ductility. Nano-Cu/AZ31 composites were prepared using a powder metallurgy method combined with hot extrusion. The results showed that the addition of nano-Cu particles refined the grains of the composites, increasing the probability of activation of the pyramidal slip system. The evolution of tiny secondary phases from Cu particles inhibited the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior of the composites. The as-extruded 1 wt% Cu/AZ31 composites exhibited the best mechanical properties, with yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and elongation (EL) reaching 223 MPa, 309 MPa, and 13.7%, respectively, representing enhancements of 21.9%, 11.2%, and 83% compared to the AZ31 matrix. The increase in strength originated from grain refinement, mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients, and Orowan strengthening, while the enhancement in ductility was attributed to the initiation of more slip systems and the synergistic effect of nano-Cu particles.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 4","pages":"1152 - 1167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}