{"title":"Existence of Multiple Solutions for p-biharmonic Problems with Critical Sobolev Exponent","authors":"Cai-zhen Jiao, Rui-chang Pei","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0017-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0017-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, by using the concentration-compactness principle and a version of symmetry mountain pass theorem, we establish the existence and multiplicity of solutions to the following <i>p</i>-biharmonic problem with critical nonlinearity: </p><div><div><span>$$left{{matrix{{Delta _p^2u = f({x,u}) + mu {{vert u vert}^{{p^*} - 2}}u};&;{{in};Omega,} cr {u={{partial u} over {partial v}} = 0};&;{{text{on}};partial Omega,}}} right.$$</span></div></div><p> where Ω is a bounded domain in ℝ<sup><i>N</i></sup> (<i>N</i> ≥ 3) with smooth boundary, <span>(Delta_{p}^{2}u=Delta({vert Delta u vert}^{p-2} Delta u ), 1 < p < {N over 2}, p^{*}={N_{p}over N-2p}, {partial u over partial nu})</span> is the outer normal derivative, <i>μ</i> is a positive parameter and <i>f</i>: Ω × ℝ → ℝ is a Carathéodory function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"727 - 740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Maximal Potential Energy of Biased Random Walks on Trees","authors":"Yueyun Hu, Zhan Shi","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0047-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0047-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The biased random walk on supercritical Galton–Watson trees is known to exhibit a multiscale phenomenon in the slow regime: the maximal displacement of the walk in the first <i>n</i> steps is of order (log <i>n</i>)<sup>3</sup>, whereas the typical displacement of the walk at the <i>n</i>-th step is of order (log <i>n</i>)<sup>2</sup>. Our main result reveals another multiscale property of biased walks: the maximal potential energy of the biased walks is of order (log <i>n</i>)<sup>2</sup> in contrast with its typical size, which is of order log <i>n</i>. The proof relies on analyzing the intricate multiscale structure of the potential energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"601 - 636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Total Choosability of 1-planar Graphs with Maximum Degree at Least 15","authors":"Lin Sun, De-rong Sun, Xin Li, Guang-long Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1148-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1148-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given a simple graph <i>G</i> = (<i>V</i>, <i>E</i>) and its (proper) total coloring <i>ϕ</i> with elements of the set {1, 2, ⋯, <i>k</i>}, let <i>w</i><sub><i>ϕ</i></sub>(<i>v</i>) denote the sum of the color of <i>v</i> and the colors of all edges incident with <i>v</i>. If for each edge <i>uv</i> ∈ <i>E</i>, <i>w</i><sub><i>ϕ</i></sub>(<i>u</i>) ≠ <i>w</i><sub><i>ϕ</i></sub>(<i>v</i>), we call <i>ϕ</i> a neighbor sum distinguishing total coloring of <i>G</i>. Let <i>L</i> = {<i>L</i><sub><i>x</i></sub> ∣ <i>x</i> ∈ <i>V</i> ⋃ <i>E</i>} be a set of lists of real numbers, each of size <i>k</i>. The neighbor sum distinguishing total choosability of <i>G</i> is the smallest <i>k</i> for which for any specified collection of such lists, there exists a neighbor sum distinguishing total coloring using colors from <i>L</i><sub><i>x</i></sub> for each <i>x</i> ∈ <i>V</i> ⋃ <i>E</i>, and we denote it by <span>(text{ch}_{sum}^{primeprime}(G))</span>. The known results of neighbor sum distinguishing total choosability are mainly about planar graphs. In this paper, we focus on 1-planar graphs. A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. We prove that <span>(text{ch}_{sum}^{primeprime}(G)leqDelta+4)</span> for any 1-planar graph <i>G</i> with Δ ≥ 15, where Δ is the maximum degree of <i>G</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"898 - 914"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geometric Ergodicity and β-mixing of the Periodic Multivariate BEKK-GARCH Model","authors":"Farid Boussama, Hafida Guerbyenne, Khedidja Serier Abdallah","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0012-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0012-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper introduces the new class of periodic multivariate GARCH models in their periodic BEKK specification. Semi-polynomial Markov chains combined with algebraic geometry are used to obtain some properties like irreducibility. We impose weak conditions to obtain the strict periodic stationarity and the geometric ergodicity of the process, via the theory of positive linear operators on a cone: it is supposed that zero belongs to the support of the driving noise density which is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure and the spectral radius of a matrix built from the periodic coefficients of the model is smaller than one.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"876 - 897"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Pricing Model of Airbag Options with Discrete Monitoring","authors":"Min Hu, Shui-yi Hu, Cong Qin, Fan Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1028-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1028-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we propose a pricing model of airbag options with discrete monitoring, time-varying barriers, early exercise opportunities, and other popular features simultaneously. We show that the option value is a viscosity solution of a PDE system. In particular, a closed-form solution is obtained in the classic Black-Scholes economy with no early exercise opportunities. For the general case, we develop a numerical algorithm and conduct an extensive numerical analysis after calibrating the model to the CSI 500 index in China. Greek letters, dynamic hedging, and assessment of investing in airbag options are also studied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"818 - 846"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Terwilliger Algebras of Bipartite Q-polynomial Distance-regular Graphs","authors":"Li-hang Hou, Bo Hou, Suo-gang Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0005-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0005-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Let Γ denote a bipartite <i>Q</i>-polynomial distance-regular graph with vertex set <i>X</i>, valency <i>k</i> ≥ 3 and diameter <i>D</i> ≥ 3. Let <i>A</i> be the adjacency matrix of Γ and let <i>A</i>*:= <i>A</i>*(<i>x</i>) be the dual adjacency matrix of Γ with respect to a fixed vertex <i>x</i> ∈ <i>X</i>. Let <i>T</i>:= <i>T</i>(<i>x</i>) denote the Terwilliger algebra of Γ generated by <i>A</i> and <i>A</i>*. In this paper, we first describe the relations between <i>A</i> and <i>A</i>*. Then we determine the dimensions of both <i>T</i> and the center of <i>T</i>, and moreover we give a basis of <i>T</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"859 - 875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Existence of Solutions for a Fractional Relativistic Schrödinger Equation with Indefinite Potentials","authors":"Jun Wang, Li Wang, Qiao-cheng Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1031-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1031-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper is devoted to the following fractional relativistic Schrödinger equation: </p><div><div><span>$$(-Delta+m^{2})^{s}u+V(x)u=f(x,u),qquad xinmathbb{R}^{N},$$</span></div></div><p> where (−Δ + <i>m</i><sup>2</sup>)<sup><i>s</i></sup> is the fractional relativistic Schrödinger operator, <i>s</i> ∈ (0, 1), <i>m</i> > 0, <i>V</i>: ℝ<sup><i>N</i></sup> → ℝ is a continuous potential and <i>f</i>: ℝ<sup><i>N</i></sup> × ℝ → ℝ is a superlinear continuous nonlinearity with subcritical growth. We consider the case where the potential <i>V</i> is indefinite so that the relativistic Schrödinger operator (−Δ + <i>m</i><sup>2</sup>)<sup><i>s</i></sup> + <i>V</i> possesses a finite-dimensional negative space. With the help of extension method and Morse theory, the existence of a nontrivial solution for the above problem is obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"847 - 858"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Boundedness of the Pullback Attractor for a 2D Micropolar Fluid Flows","authors":"Wen-long Sun, Chun-lin Lai, Yun-yun Liang","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1057-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1057-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this work is to investigate the boundedness of the pullback attractors for the micropolar fluid flows in two-dimensional unbounded domains. Exactly, the <i>H</i><sup>1</sup>-boundedness and <i>H</i><sup>2</sup>-boundedness of the pullback attractors are established when the external force <i>F</i>(<i>t</i>, <i>x</i>) has different regularity with respect to time variable, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"806 - 817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Irreversible Investment under Endowment Constraints","authors":"Han-wu Li","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1056-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1056-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study the problem of irreversible investment under endowment constraints. We first establish the existence and uniqueness of the result and then demonstrate the necessity and sufficient conditions for optimality. Based on this condition, we provide a characterization for optimal investment plans, which can be obtained by the so-called base capacity solving a backward equation. We may obtain explicit solutions for certain typical cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"710 - 726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Solutions to the Damped Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics System without Dissipation","authors":"Xu-long Qin, Hua Qiu, Zheng-an Yao","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0011-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0011-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem of the <i>d</i>-dimensional damping incompressible magnetohydrodynamics system without dissipation. Precisely, this system includes a velocity damped term and a magnetic damped term. We establish the existence and uniqueness of global solutions to this damped system in the critical Besov spaces by means of the Fourier frequency localization and Bony paraproduct decomposition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"41 3","pages":"666 - 680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}