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Global Dynamics of a Delayed HIV-1 Infection Model with Cell-to-cell Transmission, Humoral Immunity and Immune Impairment 具有细胞间传播、体液免疫和免疫损伤的延迟HIV-1感染模型的全局动力学
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-024-1063-1
Rui Xu, An-li Xue, Chen-wei Song
{"title":"Global Dynamics of a Delayed HIV-1 Infection Model with Cell-to-cell Transmission, Humoral Immunity and Immune Impairment","authors":"Rui Xu,&nbsp;An-li Xue,&nbsp;Chen-wei Song","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1063-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1063-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, an HIV-1 infection model with intracellular delay, humoral immunity and immune impairment is investigated, in which both virus-to-cell infection and cell-to-cell transmission are considered. The basic reproduction ratio is calculated and the existence of feasible equilibria is established. By analyzing the distributions of roots of the corresponding characteristic equations, the local asymptotic stability of each of feasible equilibria is established. With the help of appropriate Lyapunov functionals and LaSalle’s invariance principle, it is proved that if the basic reproduction ratio is less than unity, the infection-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, and the virus is eventually eliminated; if the basic reproduction ratio is greater than unity, the chronic-infection equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the effects of some parameters on HIV-1 infection dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"134 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inertia and Spectral Symmetry for the Eccentricity Matrices of Clique Trees 团树偏心矩阵的惯性和谱对称
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-024-1140-5
Xiao-hong Li, Jian-feng Wang, Maurizio Brunetti
{"title":"Inertia and Spectral Symmetry for the Eccentricity Matrices of Clique Trees","authors":"Xiao-hong Li,&nbsp;Jian-feng Wang,&nbsp;Maurizio Brunetti","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1140-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1140-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The eccentricity matrix ℰ(<i>G</i>) of a connected graph <i>G</i> is obtained from the distance matrix of <i>G</i> by leaving unchanged the largest nonzero entries in each row and each column, and replacing the remaining ones with zeros. In this paper, we consider the set <span>(cal{C}cal{T})</span> of clique trees whose blocks contain at most two cut-vertices of the clique tree. Along with studying the structural properties of a clique tree in <span>(cal{C}cal{T})</span>, we prove its eccentricity matrix to be irreducible, and then determine its inertia showing that every graph in <span>(cal{C}cal{T})</span> with more than four vertices and odd diameter has two positive and two negative ℰ-eigenvalues. Positive ℰ-eigenvalues and negative ℰ-eigenvalues turn out to be equal in number even for graphs in <span>(cal{C}cal{T})</span> with even diameter; that shared cardinality also counts the ‘diametrally distinguished’ vertices. Finally, we prove that the spectrum of the eccentricity matrix of a clique tree <i>G</i> in <span>(cal{C}cal{T})</span> is symmetric with respect to the origin if and only if <i>G</i> has an odd diameter and exactly two adjacent central vertices. Our results generalize those achieved on trees by I. Mahato and M. R. Kannan in 2022.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"23 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meromorphic Solutions of Logistic Delay Differential Equations of the Lotka-Volterra Type and Beyond Lotka-Volterra型及以上Logistic时滞微分方程的亚纯解
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-025-0073-y
Ling Xu, Run-zi Luo, Ting-bin Cao
{"title":"Meromorphic Solutions of Logistic Delay Differential Equations of the Lotka-Volterra Type and Beyond","authors":"Ling Xu,&nbsp;Run-zi Luo,&nbsp;Ting-bin Cao","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0073-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0073-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Let <i>τ</i> ∈ ℂ {0}; let <i>p</i> and <i>q</i> be distinct positive integers, and let <i>a</i>; <i>b</i>; <i>c</i> be meromorphic functions such that at least one of <i>b</i> and <i>c</i> is not identically equal to zero. The main purpose of this paper is to study the logistic delay differential equations of the Lotka-Volterra type </p><div><div><span>$$w^{prime}(z)=w(z)[a(z)+b(z)w^{p}(z-tau)+c(z)w^{q}(z-tau)].$$</span></div></div><p>We prove that any admissible meromorphic solution <i>w</i> of the equation satisfies that the counting function <i>N</i>(<i>r</i>; <i>w</i>) of poles and the characteristic function <i>T</i>(<i>r</i>; <i>w</i>) have the same growth category. Furthermore, we obtain that “most” of admissible meromorphic solutions of a more general delay differential equation </p><div><div><span>$$w^{prime}(z)=w(z)left[a(z)+sum_{j=1}^{k}b_{j}(z)w^{j}(z-tau)right],quad kin mathbb{N},$$</span></div></div><p> have a pole at least.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"54 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Information Protocol Equilibrium in n-insider Perfect Competition with a Random Deadline 随机期限n内幕完全竞争中的信息协议均衡
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-024-1073-z
Qi-hong Nie, Ji-xiu Qiu, Ji-ze Li, Yong-hui Zhou
{"title":"Information Protocol Equilibrium in n-insider Perfect Competition with a Random Deadline","authors":"Qi-hong Nie,&nbsp;Ji-xiu Qiu,&nbsp;Ji-ze Li,&nbsp;Yong-hui Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1073-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1073-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper studies a model of <i>n</i> insiders with perfect information trading on a risky asset with value normally distributed and disclosed at a random deadline. We propose a concept of information protocol equilibrium under semi-strong efficient pricing, consisting of an <i>n</i>–profile of insider trading strategies with terminal residual information protocols, and find that if a common protocol on terminal residual information before trading is obeyed by all insiders, then, in the market with more than two insiders there exists a uique equilibrium only when it requires to release common partial information eventually, or it does not exist if it requires to release all or not any; but in the market with a single insider, the insider may release all private information eventually to make a maximal profit. Thereby, the existence and uniqueness of information protocol equilibrium among <i>n</i> insiders are deduced. Finally, numerical results illustrate some market characteristics of equilibria with different information protocols required before trading.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"10 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Riemann-Hilbert Approach to the Fifth-order Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Non-vanishing Boundary Conditions 具有非消失边界条件的五阶非线性Schrödinger方程的Riemann-Hilbert逼近
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-024-1062-2
Jin-jie Yang, Shou-fu Tian, Zhi-qiang Li
{"title":"Riemann-Hilbert Approach to the Fifth-order Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Non-vanishing Boundary Conditions","authors":"Jin-jie Yang,&nbsp;Shou-fu Tian,&nbsp;Zhi-qiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1062-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1062-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Cauchy problem of the fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger (foNLS) equation is investigated with nonzero boundary conditions in detailed. Firstly, the spectral analysis of the scattering problem is carried out. A Riemann surface and affine parameters are introduced to transform the original spectral parameter to a new spectral parameter in order to avoid the multi-valued problem. Based on Lax pair of the foNLS equation, the Jost functions are obtained, and their analytical, asymptotic, symmetric properties, as well as the corresponding properties of the scattering matrix are established systematically. For the inverse scattering problem, we discuss the cases that the scattering coefficients have simple zeros and double zeros, respectively, and we further derive their corresponding exact solutions via solving a suitable Riemann-Hilbert problem. Moreover, some interesting phenomena are found when we choose some appropriate parameters for these exact solutions, which are helpful to study the propagation behavior of these solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"61 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Time-domain Elastic Obstacle Scattering Problems in Three Dimensions 三维时域弹性障碍物散射问题分析
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-025-0078-6
Guo-fang Chen, Jia-hui Gao, Jun-liang Lv
{"title":"Analysis of Time-domain Elastic Obstacle Scattering Problems in Three Dimensions","authors":"Guo-fang Chen,&nbsp;Jia-hui Gao,&nbsp;Jun-liang Lv","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0078-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0078-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A time-domain elastic scattering problem is considered in three dimensions. In problem setting, a rigid obstacle is immersed in an unbounded domain filled with homogeneous and isotropic elastic medium. In order to analyze the well-posedness of the target problem, we reduce the scattering problem into an initial boundary value problem in a bounded domain over a finite time interval by using a compressed coordinate transformation. The Galerkin method is adopted to prove the uniqueness results, and the energy method is used to prove the stability of the scattering problem. In addition, we derive a priori estimate with explicit time dependence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"254 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Propagation Dynamics of Nonlocal Dispersal Cooperative Systems in Shifting Environment 移动环境下非局部分散合作系统的传播动力学
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-025-0085-7
Biao Liu, Wan-tong Li, Wen-bing Xu
{"title":"Propagation Dynamics of Nonlocal Dispersal Cooperative Systems in Shifting Environment","authors":"Biao Liu,&nbsp;Wan-tong Li,&nbsp;Wen-bing Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0085-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0085-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the propagation dynamics of nonlocal dispersal cooperative systems within a shifting environment characterized by a contracting favorable region. We examine two distinct types of dispersal kernels. For thin-tailed kernels, we study the existence, uniqueness, and stability of forced waves using upper and lower solutions, the sliding method, and the dynamical systems approach. In the case of partially heavy-tailed kernels, considering compactly supported initial value functions, we demonstrate that for each species, the right side of the level sets exhibits accelerated rightward propagation, while transferability occurs. Conversely, the propagation on the left side does not move leftward but rather rightward, with a spreading speed equivalent to that of the shifting environment. Consequently, species with thin-tailed kernels inherently persist in a shifting habitat, provided they are part of a cooperative and irreducible system that includes at least one species with a heavy-tailed kernel, regardless of the magnitude of the shifting environment’s speed. This behavior markedly diverges from the dynamics observed in scalar equations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"285 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Orbital Stability of Solitary Waves to the mKdV-Schrödinger System with Cubic-quintic Nonlinear Term 三次五次非线性项mKdV-Schrödinger系统的孤波轨道稳定性
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-025-0088-4
Yue-yang Feng, Bo-ling Guo
{"title":"Orbital Stability of Solitary Waves to the mKdV-Schrödinger System with Cubic-quintic Nonlinear Term","authors":"Yue-yang Feng,&nbsp;Bo-ling Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0088-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0088-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper is concerned with the orbital stability of solitary waves in the mKdV-Schrödinger system with cubic-quintic nonlinear terms through detailed spectral analysis and abstract stability theorem. First, we derived the explicit solitary wave solutions by assuming the solution expression. Then, through using the orbital stability theory developed by Grillakis et al., we established general criteria for assessing the orbital stability of solitary waves of this system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stability of Solitary Waves for Trapped Dipolar Quantum Gases in the Limit Case of the Cigar-Shaped Model 困住偶极量子气体在雪茄形模型极限情况下的孤波稳定性
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-024-1139-y
Sheng Wang, Juan Huang
{"title":"Stability of Solitary Waves for Trapped Dipolar Quantum Gases in the Limit Case of the Cigar-Shaped Model","authors":"Sheng Wang,&nbsp;Juan Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10255-024-1139-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-024-1139-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper concerns the existence and stability of solitary waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a partial confinement, which describes the limit case of the cigar-shaped model in Bose-Einstein condensate of dipolar quantum gases. More precisely, we applied a compactness argument, which comes from the confining potential <i>x</i><span>\u0000 <sup>1</sup><sub>2</sub>\u0000 \u0000 </span>+<i>x</i><span>\u0000 <sup>2</sup><sub>2</sub>\u0000 \u0000 </span>, to overcome the lack of compactness caused by the translation invariance with respect to <i>x</i><sub>3</sub>. Then, since the mass supercritical character of this equation, we construct orbitally stable solutions by adapting a suitable localized minimization problem. Finally, the stability of solitary waves is obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 1","pages":"83 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On 2-distance (Δ + 4)-coloring of Planar Graphs with girth Five 周长为5的平面图的2-距离（Δ + 4）着色
IF 0.9 4区 数学
Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-025-0055-0
Zakir Deniz
{"title":"On 2-distance (Δ + 4)-coloring of Planar Graphs with girth Five","authors":"Zakir Deniz","doi":"10.1007/s10255-025-0055-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10255-025-0055-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A vertex coloring of a graph <i>G</i> is called a 2-distance coloring if any two vertices at distance at most 2 from each other receive different colors. Let <i>G</i> be a planar graph with girth at least five and maximum degree Δ. We prove that <i>G</i> admits a 2-distance coloring with Δ + 4 colors when Δ ≥ 22, which improves a result of Dong and Lin (Discrete Appl. Math. 217: 495–505, 2017).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6951,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series","volume":"42 2","pages":"569 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10255-025-0055-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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