Chemical Society Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Chemical-assisted analysis of epigenetic modifications","authors":"Xucong Teng, Qiushuang Zhang, Yicong Dai, Hongwei Hou and Jinghong Li","doi":"10.1039/D5CS00479A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS00479A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Epigenetic modifications, particularly those occurring on nucleic acid bases, play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and cellular function without altering the underlying nucleic acid sequences. These subtle chemical alterations, such as methylation, hydroxymethylation, and acylation, are intricately linked to various biological processes. The analysis of base modifications poses significant challenges because of their minimal structural differences from unmodified bases, which traditional methods relying on double-stranded complementarity often fail to distinguish effectively. Nevertheless, the distinct chemical properties conferred by these modifications provide an opportunity for the development of novel approaches for their specific recognition. In this review, we elucidate the biological significance of nucleic acid modifications, including their diverse types, genomic distribution, abundance, and functions. We then delve into the principles and applications of chemical-assisted analysis methods, which leverage the unique chemical properties of modified bases to transform them into detectable derivatives. We comprehensively discuss various base conversion strategies, encompassing oxidation, reduction, deamination, addition, substitution, and coupling reactions. Moreover, we address the limitations of current chemical-assisted methods, such as insufficient sensitivity for low-abundance modifications, stringent reaction conditions, variable conversion efficiencies, challenges in single-cell analysis, and the loss of spatial information. Finally, we emphasize the significance of nucleic acid modifications in unraveling biological processes and disease mechanisms, and highlight the potential of chemical-assisted methods in advancing epigenetic research and precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 15","pages":" 7271-7303"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements and prospects of near-infrared-light driven CO2 reduction reaction†","authors":"Siheng Yang, Wei Che, Yanhua Shao, Woo Jin Byun, Xiaodong Li, Xingchen Jiao, Ruixiang Li, Jae Sung Lee, Jiaqi Xu and Jong-Beom Baek","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00721B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00721B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the realm of photoconversion of CO<small>₂</small> into high-value chemicals, the importance of near-infrared (NIR) light is gradually gaining recognition. Relative to ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, NIR light (700–2500 nm), accounting for <em>ca.</em> 50% of solar energy, offers unique advantages such as deeper penetration depth and stronger photothermal effects. Thus, utilizing NIR light can not only compensate for the inherent limitations of UV/visible light-based CO<small>₂</small> reduction systems, but also maximize the use of solar energy. However, efficiently harnessing NIR light remains challenging because of its low photon energy, making it difficult to drive CO<small>₂</small> reduction. Additionally, the limited knowledge of the reduction mechanism driven by low-energy photons further hinders progress in this field. In this review, we systematically introduce the motivation and fundamental principles of NIR-light-driven CO<small>₂</small> reduction, the design strategies for NIR-light-activated photocatalysts (including the energy band structure regulation strategy, the energy transfer strategy, and the photothermal utilization strategy), NIR-light absorption mechanisms of these catalysts, and representative applications of these strategies. Finally, we present our perspectives on the challenges facing NIR-light-driven CO<small>₂</small> reduction and provide suggestions for improving current photocatalysts, characterization techniques, evaluation procedures, and potential large-scale applications in future research. With further advancements in NIR-light-driven CO<small>₂</small> reduction, it holds great promise to maximize the exploitation of solar energy, ultimately achieving efficient CO<small>₂</small> photoconversion for industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 15","pages":" 7174-7215"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d4cs00721b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the reactivity of carbon dioxide: from physical and chemical properties to reactive carbon capture","authors":"Jerik Mathew Valera Lauridsen and Ji-Woong Lee","doi":"10.1039/D5CS00285K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS00285K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The commonly believed low chemical reactivity of CO<small>₂</small> is misguiding, considering the high electrophilicity of C<small>_sp</small> of CO<small>₂</small>, the seemingly omnipresent photosynthetic C–C bond formation, and the enzymatic hydrolysis of CO<small>₂</small> to form carbonic acid on the surface of water. Here, we discuss the electrophilic reactivity and thermodynamic stability of CO<small>₂</small> under standardized conditions to shed light on the properties of CO<small>₂</small> that can be relevant in applications. This is particularly important to guide and rationalize new technologies of carbon capture and, more importantly, for utilization by understanding physical and chemical parameters that matter. This tutorial review, therefore, illustrates how to revisit the reactivity of CO<small>₂</small> from the perspective of its utility for developing suitable solutions for carbon capture and utilization, particularly for the concept of reactive capture of CO<small>₂</small>, based on the available thermodynamic and kinetic data in recent literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 15","pages":" 7058-7066"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable decommissioning of perovskite solar cells: from waste to resources","authors":"Valentina Larini, Matteo Degani, Silvia Cavalli and Giulia Grancini","doi":"10.1039/D5CS00359H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS00359H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed a rapid progression as emerging alternatives for innovative photovoltaics (PVs). However, this promising growth also comes with challenges related to the end-of-life (EoL) management of exhausted devices. In this review, we discuss different studies on the implications of the decommissioning of PSCs from a sustainable perspective by reviewing current PSC recycling strategies as general guidelines in the field of EoL PSCs. We hope that this review would encourage the necessary development of more virtuous energy-efficient and environmentally friendly recycling protocols for PSC recovery, from lab- to large-scale application in view of perovskite-based PV technology's imminent jump to the market.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 15","pages":" 7252-7270"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d5cs00359h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling gas production in rechargeable batteries via in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry","authors":"Guochuan Tang, Jiyu Zhang, Siyu Ma, Junyu Li, Zhangquan Peng and Weihua Chen","doi":"10.1039/D5CS00276A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS00276A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The operation of rechargeable batteries is always accompanied by the generation and accumulation of gases due to side reactions. Timely detection of gas production is particularly critical for ensuring battery safety and extending operational lifetimes. In this review, an emerging spectrometry technique—<em>in situ</em> differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS)—for real-time gas detection, aiming to provide a detailed understanding of gas production behavior and underlying mechanisms, was systematically reviewed. The fundamentals of DEMS equipment and its significant development and evolution process in battery gas detection are discussed. By analysing extensive experimental data, the effects of external parameters on gas production in batteries and their quantitative impacts were evaluated. To elucidate the essence of gas generation, the reaction mechanisms are comprehensively analysed and discussed at the molecular scale, utilizing <em>in situ</em> DEMS detection data and complementary characterization methods. Furthermore, effective strategies for suppressing gas production, ranging from laboratory research to industrial applications, are introduced. Finally, promising directions for advancing gas monitoring technologies are identified to inspire the revolutionary design of safer and longer-lasting batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 15","pages":" 7216-7251"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144341436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New guidelines and definitions for type I photodynamic therapy","authors":"Mingle Li, Jianhua Xiong, Yingying Zhang, Le Yu, Lizhou Yue, Changyu Yoon, Yujin Kim, Yang Zhou, Xiaoqiang Chen, Yunjie Xu, Xiaojun Peng and Jong Seung Kim","doi":"10.1039/D1CS01079D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D1CS01079D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The advent of photochemical technologies has revolutionized biology and medicine, offering groundbreaking innovations in cancer treatment and beyond. Among these, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising approach to cancer therapy, leveraging cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate cancer cells. While traditional type II PDT relies on high oxygen levels and consumes substantial amounts of oxygen, type I PDT requires less oxygen and holds great potential in addressing the hypoxic microenvironments characteristic of solid tumors. Over the last six years, our research team has made pioneering contributions to this field, with a particular focus on type I photosensitizers (PSs) and their diverse applications, including oxygen-sparing PDT, mitochondrial respiration inhibitors, modulation of cellular self-protection pathways, targeted cancer cell destruction, regulation of cellular signaling pathways, immune activation <em>via</em> nanomedicines, and intracellular oxygen-independent artificial photoredox catalysis. Notably, in 2018, our research proposed a “partial oxygen-recyclable mechanism” mediated by O<small>₂</small>˙<small>⁻</small>, successfully revealing why the type I mechanism can be used for overcoming PDT hypoxia resistance. This revitalized interest in type I PDT and inspired numerous research groups worldwide to develop a plethora of new O<small>₂</small>˙<small>⁻</small> photogenerators. However, inconsistencies in mechanistic interpretations, detection methodologies, and application strategies have arisen due to fragmented communication within the field of photoscience and ambiguity in some key definitions. Given our research team's significant contributions and expertise in the type I PDT domain, we believe it is imperative to present a comprehensive review to establish standardized definitions, mechanisms, molecular designs, detection techniques, and clinical applications of type I PDT in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Our goal is to provide a clear and authoritative resource for both specialists and non-specialists, fostering a deeper understanding of type I PDT and inspiring future innovations to advance more effective and clinically relevant therapies for cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 15","pages":" 7025-7057"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Unified approaches in transition metal catalyzed C(sp3)–H functionalization: recent advances and mechanistic aspects","authors":"Jagrit Grover, Amal Tom Sebastian, Siddhartha Maiti, Alex C. Bissember and Debabrata Maiti","doi":"10.1039/D5CS90054A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS90054A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Unified approaches in transition metal catalyzed C(sp<small>³</small>)–H functionalization: recent advances and mechanistic aspects’ by Jagrit Grover <em>et al.</em>, <em>Chem. Soc. Rev.</em>, 2025, <strong>54</strong>, 2006–2053, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS00488J.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 13","pages":" 6599-6599"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d5cs90054a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the functionalization of unactivated alkenes via visible light photocatalysis","authors":"Guang-Mei Cao, Si-Shun Yan, Lei Song, Yuan-Xu Jiang, Tian-Yu Gao, Zhen Chen, Wei Zhang, Jian-Heng Ye and Da-Gang Yu","doi":"10.1039/D5CS00181A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS00181A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Direct functionalization of unactivated alkenes has emerged as a highly effective strategy for the rapid construction of multi-functional, complex molecular architectures from simple, abundant chemicals. This area of research has garnered increasing attention and continues to be a focus of contemporary chemistry. Recent years have witnessed substantial advancements driven by the discovery of photocatalysis and the expansion of activation strategies, which have led to the discovery of novel transformations and the refinement of established reactions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the visible-light photocatalytic functionalization of unactivated alkenes, with a particular emphasis on key reactions and mechanistic insights into transformations <em>via</em> hydrofunctionalization, difunctionalization and functionalized alkene retention. Furthermore, we discuss the recent progress, ongoing challenges and emerging opportunities in this significant field, highlighting the synthetic utility and potential for future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 14","pages":" 6726-6806"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tin-halide perovskites for light-emitting diodes","authors":"Xiao-Zhen Li, Yilong Ye, Yu Cao, Diwei Zhang, Yuan Lin, Jin Chang, Lin Zhu, Nana Wang, Wei Huang and Jianpu Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5CS00340G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5CS00340G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Tin-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional potential in achieving high-performance and eco-friendly light-emitting devices. Tin-halide PeLEDs have recently achieved notable breakthroughs in device efficiency, spectral tunability, and long-term operational stability. However, the facile oxidation of Sn<small>²⁺</small> and rapid crystallization kinetics have substantially constrained their further development. The oxidation of Sn<small>²⁺</small> and fast crystallization of the perovskite layer lead to a p-doping nature and high defect densities, which result in low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and unbalanced charge injection. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the oxidation and crystallization processes is key to the further advancement of tin-halide PeLEDs. In this review, we discuss the basic properties of tin-halide perovskites. A comprehensive analysis of the fundamental mechanisms underlying the efficiency limitations and stability issues in these devices is provided. Subsequently, we present the latest advances in achieving efficient and stable operation, which provides a clear set of design rules for the development of high-efficiency and stable tin-halide PeLEDs. The remaining challenges and perspectives toward developing high-efficiency and stable optoelectronic devices are also discussed, with the aim of optimizing the PLQY, emission wavelength control, balanced charge injection, and commercialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 14","pages":" 6697-6725"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photolithographic organic electronics: from material design to applications","authors":"Shen Zhang, Yi Zhao, Yiran Wang, Renzhong Chen, Yunqi Liu and Dacheng Wei","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00896K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00896K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photolithographic organic electronics apply the high-precision patterning technology of the current silicon-based microelectronic industry to fabricate organic electronic devices, achieving reliable, large-scale and high-resolution manufacturing. Compared with conventional solution-processing technologies, photolithographic manufacturing has greatly promoted the integration level of organic circuits in recent years, benefiting from various high-resolution applications in flexible electronics and bioelectronics. Herein, we introduce photolithographic organic electronics and the key material “conductive photoresist,” which enables the direct photolithographic fabrication of organic functional layers with high efficiency. By discussing the main strategies for designing conductive photoresists and their structure–performance relationship, we put forward some potential methods to promote their photolithographic and electric performances. Moreover, the novel applications, challenges and future prospects of photolithographic organic electronics and conductive photoresists are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 14","pages":" 6610-6633"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}