Photoactivated nanovaccines

IF 39 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Qihang Ding, Siyu Chen, Siwei Hua, Jiyoung Yoo, Changyu Yoon, Zhiqiang Li, Engui Zhao, Jong Seung Kim, Meijia Gu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Photoactivated nanovaccines represent a groundbreaking approach in cancer immunotherapy and infectious disease prevention, leveraging the precise spatiotemporal control of light-responsive nanomaterials to enhance antigen presentation and immune activation. Recent breakthroughs in key components, including adjuvants, nanocarriers, and photosensitizers (PSs), have significantly enhanced the efficacy of photoactivated nanovaccines in tumor immunotherapy and infectious disease control. The integration of stimuli-responsive carriers enables precise control over vaccine release, minimizing off-target effects. Moreover, the integration of photodynamic therapy (PDT) or photothermal therapy (PTT) with nanovaccines enables these systems to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME), and elicit robust and durable antitumor immune responses. Additionally, these combinations enhance pathogen-killing efficacy and promote the generation of long-term immune memory. This review systematically discusses the principles, design strategies, and biomedical applications of photoactivated nanovaccines in oncology and infectious disease management. We further highlight emerging trends, including personalized nanovaccines and multimodal therapeutic strategies, and discuss the challenges and future directions for their clinical translation. The convergence of nanotechnology and immunotherapy paves the way for next-generation vaccines with unprecedented precision, efficacy, and safety.

Abstract Image

用光催化纳米疫苗
光活化纳米疫苗代表了癌症免疫治疗和传染病预防的突破性方法,利用光反应纳米材料的精确时空控制来增强抗原呈递和免疫激活。最近在佐剂、纳米载体和光敏剂(ps)等关键成分方面的突破,显著增强了光活化纳米疫苗在肿瘤免疫治疗和传染病控制方面的功效。刺激反应性载体的整合能够精确控制疫苗释放,最大限度地减少脱靶效应。此外,光动力疗法(PDT)或光热疗法(PTT)与纳米疫苗的整合使这些系统能够诱导免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD),调节免疫抑制肿瘤微环境(ITME),并引发强大和持久的抗肿瘤免疫反应。此外,这些组合增强了病原体杀灭效果,促进了长期免疫记忆的产生。本文系统地讨论了光活化纳米疫苗的原理、设计策略以及在肿瘤和感染性疾病管理中的生物医学应用。我们进一步强调了新兴趋势,包括个性化纳米疫苗和多模式治疗策略,并讨论了其临床转化的挑战和未来方向。纳米技术和免疫疗法的融合为下一代疫苗的精确度、有效性和安全性铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Chemical Society Reviews
Chemical Society Reviews 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
80.80
自引率
1.10%
发文量
345
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: Chemical Society Reviews is published by: Royal Society of Chemistry. Focus: Review articles on topics of current interest in chemistry; Predecessors: Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society (1947–1971); Current title: Since 1971; Impact factor: 60.615 (2021); Themed issues: Occasional themed issues on new and emerging areas of research in the chemical sciences
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