Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Current Progress in the Application of Artificial Intelligence for Nuclear Power Plant Operation","authors":"Junyong Bae,&nbsp;Seung Jun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00246-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11814-024-00246-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large-scale infrastructures, such as chemical plants and nuclear power plants (NPPs), are pivotal for modern civilization as they provide vital resources and energy. However, their operation introduces significant risks, as demonstrated by the tragic accidents at Bhopal and Fukushima. While extensive research has been conducted to improve the safety of these safety–critical systems, the human factor remains as a significant concern. In recent years, as artificial intelligence (AI) is being widely adopted in various fields, AI may be a solution for supporting operators and, ultimately, for reducing the overall risk of safety–critical systems such nuclear and chemical plants. This review discusses the application of AI in NPP operations, with a focus on event diagnosis, signal validation, prediction, and autonomous control. Various application examples are presented, highlighting the limitations of classical approaches and the potential for AI overcome such limitations to enhance the safety and efficiency of NPP operations. This work is expected to stimulate further investigation into the application of AI to support operators in not only NPPs but also other safety–critical systems, such as chemical plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"41 10","pages":"2851 - 2870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Hydrosulfide Solid Electrolytes","authors":"Taeseung Kim, Taegyoung Lee, Sangryun Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00243-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00243-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intensive research on solid electrolytes, a crucial component of all-solid-state batteries (ASSB), serves as a solution to address the safety concerns and limited energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries. Recent studies have extensively explored solid electrolytes that include various anions, due to their key role in determining the structure and properties of the electrolytes through their interactions with other ions. Here, we report the synthesis and electrochemical properties of hydrosulfide solid electrolyte, Li₅PS₄(BH₄)₂, with a lithium superionic conductivity and an excellent deformability.</p>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Based Prediction Module of Key Neutronic Characteristics to Optimize Loading Pattern for i-SMR with Flexible Operation","authors":"Jungseok Kwon,&nbsp;Tongkyu Park,&nbsp;Sung Kyun Zee","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00240-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11814-024-00240-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes an AI-based module for a loading pattern (L/P) optimization algorithm applied to the i-SMR, designed for flexible operation. The AI module can be used as a surrogate model in the simulated annealing (SA) screening process, which allows for more efficient optimization. The convolution neural network (CNN) model was trained using reactor core L/Ps and corresponding core parameter values derived from a realistic core simulation code. For load-following operations, we selected core parameters such as control rod insertion depth, radial peaking factor, axial shape index, and effective multiplication factor. To calculate the objective function of an L/P during the SA process using core design codes, it takes approximately 3 s, while the AI-based module can predict the objective function within about 0.1 ms. During the prediction of selected parameters, we discovered two factors affecting prediction accuracy. First, the model exhibited a significant increase in error when trained on dataset containing negative values. Second, utilizing batch normalization (BN) layer and squeeze and excitation (SE) module, intended to improve accuracy, resulted in a decrease in performance of the model. Our study demonstrated that the CNN-based model achieves excellent prediction accuracy and has an ability to accelerate optimization algorithms by taking advantage of artificial intelligence’s inherent computational speed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"41 10","pages":"2741 - 2759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the Ge@GeO2-C Composite Anode Synthesized Using a Simple High-Energy Ball-Milling Process for Li-Ion Batteries","authors":"Hyun Woo Kim,&nbsp;Jinhyup Han","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00245-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11814-024-00245-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the limitations of the current anodes of Li⁺-ion batteries (LIBs), a Ge/GeO₂/carbon (Ge@GeO₂-C) composite was designed by introducing a high-energy ball-milling process for advanced LIBs. Ge@GeO₂-C is prepared and characterized by XPS, XRD, SEM, and TEM, which facilitate synthesis and provide controllability with respect to milling time. Interestingly, as the ball-milling time increased, the proportion of metallic Ge increased during the carbon thermal reduction reaction. The electrochemical characteristics of Ge@GeO₂-C are assessed using differential capacity analysis (dQ/dV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge techniques to confirm its viability as an anode material in LIBs. The results demonstrate decent initial and secondary capacities of approximately 1800 mAh g⁻¹ (for the first cycle) and 838 mAh g⁻¹ (for the second cycle) at a rate of C/60 by the reaction between Ge and the Li–Ge complex. Furthermore, post-mortem characterization was performed to gain an understanding of the material, suggesting future prospects for advanced LIBs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"41 11","pages":"3019 - 3026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery by Incorporating Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Layer onto the Porous Three-Dimensional Copper Current Collector","authors":"Jihyeok Song,&nbsp;Subin Lee,&nbsp;Youngkwang Kim,&nbsp;Yung-Eun Sung,&nbsp;Taeeun Yim,&nbsp;Oh Joong Kwon","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00241-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11814-024-00241-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an anode, lithium metal electrode is one of the most promising candidates for lithium batteries because of their theoretically high specific capacity and low redox potential. However, lithium dendrites are formed during the cycle of lithium deposition and dissolution on the copper current collector during charging and discharging, threatening the stability and durability of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) porous copper coated with a polymer layer (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) is used as a current collector to ensure high stability. A PDMS-coated 3D porous current collector is prepared by Cu electrodeposition using hydrogen bubbles as a template followed by a PDMS coating. PDMS coating is performed by spin coating of PDMS on a slide glass and transferring it to the current collector. The 3D current collector functionalized by PDMS offers prolonged lifespans in both Li deposition/dissolution and intercalation of the lithium iron phosphate cathode, as the functionalized PDMS-coated 3D porous current collector effectively prevents the growth of Li dendrites at the interface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"41 11","pages":"3027 - 3034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assembly of ITO Nanocrystals into Nanotubes Using Polycarbonate Membranes for Dual-Band Electrochromic Modulation","authors":"Sungbin Kim,&nbsp;Jungchul Noh,&nbsp;Sungyeon Heo","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00242-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11814-024-00242-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assembling doped metal oxide nanocrystals (NCs) into one-dimensional (1D) structures can enhance the optical and electrochemical properties of thin films. However, achieving this assembly without damaging the NCs’ properties has been challenging. Here, we present facile method to assemble near-infrared (NIR) absorbing plasmonic indium tin oxide (ITO) NCs into 1D nanotubes (NTs) using track-etched polycarbonate (PC) membranes as templates. By infiltrating freestanding PC membranes with 3% doped ITO NCs, attaching them to an adhesive layer, and then annealing, we produce robust ITO NTs on substrates. Fabricated ITO NTs, featuring mesopores and macropores, exhibit rapid NIR modulation under electrochemical potential while maintaining static visible opacity, making them useful for privacy protection and thermal management. Incorporating NbO_x into these ITO NT films demonstrates rapid switching and electrochemically stable visible and NIR dual-band electrochromic modulation, highlighting the significance of structuring NCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"41 11","pages":"3053 - 3058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Atopic Dermatitis Incidence Rate Prediction Model for South Korea Using Air Pollutants Big Data: Comparisons Between Regression and Artificial Neural Network","authors":"Byeonggeuk Lim, Poong-Mo Park, Da-Mee Eun, Dong-Woo Kim, Cheonwoong Kang, Ki-Joon Jeon, SeJoon Park, Jong-Sang Youn","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00244-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00244-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We have developed models to predict the incidence of atopic dermatitis using regression analysis and artificial neural networks (ANN). Initially, the prediction models were created using various inputs, including air pollutants (SO₂, CO, O₃, NO₂, and PM₁₀), meteorological factors (temperature, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation), population rates, and clinical data from South Korea, referred to as the average model. Subsequently, we developed models that use sex and age as variables instead of population rates, named the sex and age model. Both sets of models were designed to forecast incidence rates on a nationwide scale (NW), as well as for 16 administrative districts (AD) in South Korea, which includes seven metropolitan areas and nine provinces. We found that SO₂ significantly affected the incidence rate, and the inclusion of regional variables in the AD models helped account for regional variations in incidence rates. The average models generally provided accurate predictions of incidence rates, with SO₂ chosen as the key independent variable in the regression models for the five air pollutants studied. The <i>R</i>² values for the average models using regression are 0.70 for the NW model and 0.89 for the AD model. Among the ANN-based models, the <i>R</i>² values are 0.84 for the NW model and 0.90 for the AD model, this indicated a slightly higher predictive accuracy. For the sex and age models, we differentiated between children under 10 years of age and those older. In these models, ANN demonstrated greater accuracy than regression, with <i>R</i>² values of 0.95, 0.92, 0.96, and 0.92 for the sex and age NW model under 10 years old, sex and age AD model under 10 years old, sex and age NW model over 10 years old, and sex and age AD model over 10 years old, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-Cyclodextrin-Grafted Cobalt-Aluminum Bimetallic Oxide Modified Acrylic Ester Resin for Oil/Water Separation","authors":"Jie Wen, Yanjun Lyu, Lianhong Zhang, Yuling Ma, Xia Huang, Wanyu Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00208-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00208-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel method was developed to introduce β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) cage-like macromolecules into acrylic ester resin using metal oxides as a medium, resulting in high-oil-absorption resin composites. β-CD was first grafted onto the surface of cobalt-aluminum bimetallic oxide (CoAl-LDO) via a facile hydrothermal method in an alkaline environment, generating more pore structures. To enhance the hydrophobic properties of β-CD-grafted CoAl-LDO nanoparticles, KH-570 was employed as a modifier to modify nanoparticles. Finally, the β-CD-grafted CoAl-LDO/acrylic ester resin composite was successfully synthesized by suspension polymerization method. The oil absorption performance of the resin composite was evaluated using various solvents. Its saturated capacity reached 18.62 g/g for cyclohexane, 19.92 g/g for toluene, and a remarkable 31.42 g/g for trichloromethane. Even for diesel, a challenging oil due to its viscosity, the absorption reached a noteworthy 16.17 g/g. Further demonstrating its selectivity, the composite strictly adsorbed oil while repelling water. Notably, the impressive capacity remained largely unchanged after eight regeneration cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Progress in Blue-Emitting Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots for Display Applications","authors":"Seongwoo Cho,&nbsp;Yeongcheol Kim,&nbsp;Seunghyun Lee,&nbsp;Ju Young Woo","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00238-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11814-024-00238-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solution-processable semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots possess remarkable optical characteristics, including high photoluminescence quantum yield, narrow photoluminescence linewidth, and size-dependent color tunability. Three primary colors, which are red, green, and blue, are essential for realization of electroluminescent display utilizing quantum dots. While extensive research has been conducted on red- and green-emitting quantum dots, the development of blue-emitting quantum dots lags behind other primary color materials. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the progress in the synthesis of various types of blue-emitting quantum dots and their device applications. Furthermore, perspectives on further advancement of blue-emitting quantum dots to meet the requirements for commercially viable electroluminescent displays is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"41 13","pages":"3359 - 3370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fence Line Monitoring of Petroleum Refining Plants in Korea: UV-DOAS Analysis of SO2, NO2, and Benzene Emissions for Comprehensive Management","authors":"Cheonwoong Kang, Dongwoo Kim, Jeonghun Kim, Sunghwan Cho, Jungung Yu, Daeil Kang, Poongmo Park, Kijoon Jeon","doi":"10.1007/s11814-024-00220-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00220-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing public interest in air pollutants driven by climate change and high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) has highlighted the importance of managing pollutants, such as SO₂, NO₂, and benzene. These compounds are known precursors of secondary PM that affect the climate and human health, with benzene being particularly carcinogenic. Benzene is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that can persist in the atmosphere for approximately 9.4 days, potentially traveling long distances and contributing to the generation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) through photochemical reactions, leading to elevated fine dust concentrations. To comprehensively manage emissions, leaks, and point sources, a fence line monitoring study was conducted at petroleum refining industrial complexes in Daesan-eup, Chungcheongnam-do, and Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do in Korea. Ultraviolet Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (UV-DOAS) technology was used to confirm measurement reliability and monitor emissions. High SO₂ concentrations emitted in a specific direction were identified at the Yeosu-si, and further investigation identified the flare stack of a suspected plant as the emission source. Fence line monitoring was effective in identifying and addressing unknown high-concentration emission sources and devising measures to manage fugitive emissions and leaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":684,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"31 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}