Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic Treatment of Restaurant Wastewater: Parameter Optimization studies via Combined Electrocoagulation and Ultrasonication","authors":"S. Niju,&nbsp;R. Aishwarya,&nbsp;S. Srivatsan,&nbsp;K. Priyadharshini,&nbsp;P. Asaithambi","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020049","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The food industry generates substantial quantities of wastewater containing organic matter, oils, and pollutants, presenting significant treatment challenges. The present work focuses on the combined ultrasonication and electrocoagulation for treating restaurant wastewater, specifically addressing chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and power consumption optimization as stand-alone electrocoagulation is often affected by the passivation problem. The impact of the primary parameters, including voltage (5–25 V), effluent pH (3–9), inter-electrode distance (0.5–2.5 cm) and time (5–45 min), on COD removal, and power consumption in restaurant effluent was assessed through batch experiments utilizing a Central Composite Design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). Additionally, mathematical models were created to predict experimental outcomes. A numerical optimization technique was employed to determine the optimal operating conditions for treating restaurant wastewater with maximum COD removal and minimum power consumption. These conditions (voltage (A): 11.59 V, pH (B): 7.40, inter-electrode distance (C): 1 cm, time (D): 26.8 min) were validated through further experiments, confirming COD removal of 79.2% and energy consumption of 47.89 kWh/m³ in the sono-electrocoagulation process for treatment of restaurant wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"168 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Effect of L-Arginine on the Electrochemical Reduction of Oxygen in Physiological Solution","authors":"V. V. Solovyov,&nbsp;T. Yu. Kuznetsova,&nbsp;S. V. Stryzhak,&nbsp;N. V. Solovyova,&nbsp;V. O. Kostenko,&nbsp;L. O. Solianyk,&nbsp;Yu. S. Golik","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020074","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Arginine (L-arginine) is a conditionally essential amino acid that plays a crucial role in the body’s biochemical and physiological processes. It lowers malondialdehyde levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and promotes the activation of superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that protects cell membranes, DNA, and proteins from oxidative damage. Its antioxidant effects are expressed both through direct neutralization of free radicals and indirectly by enhancing the activity of endogenous enzymes. Therefore, modeling the effect of L-arginine on the electrochemical reduction of oxygen in physiological solution by experimentally evaluating its ability to inhibit free radical processes is highly relevant. Oxygen reduction processes were studied using voltammetry with an IPC-Pro M potentiostat combined with the Module EM-04 electrochemical sensor. Device operation and primary data processing were controlled using the IPC2000 software on a personal computer. The results showed that during the electroreduction of oxygen, a single well-defined peak appears on the voltammograms, which shifts upon the introduction of L-arginine into the solution, independent of the electrode type. This confirms its antioxidant activity and suggests its potential as both a free radical inhibitor and an effective regulator of oxidative stress in the human body.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"140 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Technology for Ballast Water Disinfection/Treatment","authors":"N. B. Tiron-Vorobiova,&nbsp;A. H. Danylyan,&nbsp;V. I. Zalogh,&nbsp;E. Şık","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020086","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For the first time at the national level, the article outlines and generalizes the key tasks of assessing the state of marine biocenoses and the quality of the marine environment through the implementation of an innovative ballast water management system, its testing at the Danube Institute of National University “Odesa Maritime Academy” (DINUOMA, Izmail, Ukraine), strictly adhering to the ballast water quality standard (BW) D2 of the Ballast Water Management Convention (BWMC, 2004) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The key object is represented by the overboard ballast water. Due to the presence of various living organisms in BW, there is a risk of their transfer between ecosystems, which may lead to the invasiveness of alien species and negative impacts on local ecosystems. Therefore, BW management is an important aspect of the ecological safety of maritime transport. The sequence of effective nodes of the current system has been established, considering the efficiency of their operation in accordance with legislative guidance on BW disinfection and treatment. In close cooperation with Turkish colleagues, experimental confirmation was obtained, involving modern ecological laboratories, of the demonstrative level of maximum neutralization of invasive alien organisms in the studied BW. On the Ukrainian side, at DINUOMA, initial successful trials of disinfection/treatment of fresh water from the Danube River, BW of the Marmara, Mediterranean, and Black seas, and waters of the Danube lakes were conducted, showing positive results. Experimentally confirmed was the level of neutralization of bioinvasions by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBITAK), which decreased 11-fold compared to untreated water in the BW of the Marmara and Mediterranean Seas. According to the indicator “total bacterial count in water (37°C),” a decrease from 424 to 47 CFU/cm³ was achieved through triple water treatment, considering only a time interval of 15–40 min; in particular, <i>E. coli</i> and enterococcus were not detected already at the first stage of 15-min water treatment using the specified methods of the identical experimental BW disinfection/treatment system, equipped at the laboratory base of the Faculty of Maritime, Istanbul Technical University (Tuzla, Istanbul). The principle of cooperation was achieved in terms of scaling the system for its implementation in a realistic installation form on a research vessel.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"146 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Insight into the Complexation of Different Molecular Weight Humic Acids with Antimony(V) in Aqueous Solution","authors":"Shuhua Yao,&nbsp;Dongni Zhang,&nbsp;Haibo Wang,&nbsp;Zhongliang Shi,&nbsp;Shifeng Li","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020098","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The interaction between natural organic matter and antimony can alter the properties and behaviour of the metal in the environment. However, there is limited research on how the molecular weight of organic matter influences its binding to antimony. In this work, fulvic acid was used as a representative model of natural organic matter to investigate its complexation reaction with antimony. The physical and chemical properties of fulvic acid before and after complexation were thoroughly investigated using infrared and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, ultrafiltration was used to separate different molecular weight components within the fulvic acid solution for a comprehensive analysis of their complexation behaviour with antimony. The results showed that at pH 7, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration increased from 5 to 200 mg/L, and the proportion of Sb-HA (humic acid) increased from 8.86 to 15.18%. Conversely, at a DOC concentration of 30 mg/L and varying pH values (2, 7, and 10), the Sb ratio within the HA complexes decreased from 14.01 to 9.06%. In particular, when the Sb(V) concentration was 100 μg/L and fraction with molecular weight &lt;10 kDa (UF4), the complexation ratio between fulvic acid and Sb reached 20.81%. It was found that the molecular weight of HA significantly influenced its complexation with Sb(V), especially those below 10 kDa showed superior performance compared to other fractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"156 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Water Environment on the Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Floating Structures","authors":"Yu. O. Shapovalov,&nbsp;N. S. Solomoniuk,&nbsp;M. M. Semenov","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020104","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the influence of an aquatic environment on the physicomechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) intended for use in floating structures, including docks, pontoons, and bridges. Seawater, as an aggressive medium, accelerates the degradation of reinforced concrete through chloride and sulfate corrosion, freeze–thaw cycles, and biological fouling. To improve concrete resistance to these factors, we incorporated glass fibers at a content of 3–5% with fiber lengths of 40–80 mm into a cement-based composite formulated with special hydraulic cement GIR-2 M-600. We conducted a series of experiments to determine density, water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, and frost resistance. The results show that the addition of glass fibers decreases concrete density by 10–20%, increases flexural strength by a factor of 4–5, and imparts pseudoplastic behavior to the material. A composition containing 3% fibers with a length of 80 mm proved optimal and demonstrated enhanced resistance to freeze–thaw cycling. The application of GFRC enables partial or complete elimination of steel reinforcement, lowers structural weight, and extends the service life of hydraulic engineering structures. These findings confirm the feasibility of using glass fiber reinforced concrete in marine environments to increase the durability and operational safety of floating structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"195 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect and Mechanism of Polyethylene Nanoplastics on Biological Phosphorus Removal and Intracellular Polymers","authors":"Hua Zhang,&nbsp;Mengyao Zheng,&nbsp;Jian Huang,&nbsp;Tao Luo,&nbsp;Jianye Cao,&nbsp;Minli Lin,&nbsp;Guowei Liu,&nbsp;Zichen Shuai","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020013","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polyethylene nanoplastics, as emerging environmental pollutants, have received significant attention due to their toxicity. In this study, we investigated their effects on the performance of biological phosphorus removal and their mechanisms of action on microbial intracellular polymers. The results showed that polyethylene nanoplastics concentrations below 1 mg/L had minimal impact on biological phosphorus removal. However, as the concentration of polyethylene nanoplastics increased, the phosphate concentration in the effluent gradually rose. Analysis of microbial intracellular polymers revealed that the contents of polyphosphate (poly-P), poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), and glycogen exhibited minor fluctuations at polyethylene nanoplastics concentrations below 1 mg/L. When the polyethylene nanoplastics concentration exceeded 1 mg/L, the synthesis and degradation of both poly-P and PHB were inhibited, whereas those of glycogen were promoted. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicated that low concentrations of polyethylene nanoplastics had negligible effects on the structures of poly-P, PHB, and glycogen. At concentrations ≥10 mg/L, the degree of polymerization of the P–O–P functional groups in poly-P decreases, accompanied by a reduction in chain length; a leftward shift of the C=O peak and decreased transmittance in PHB suggested the occurrence of polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) polymerization within microbial cells; additionally, the absorption peaks of α- and β-glycosidic bonds in glycogen showed reduced transmittance, accompanied by altered connection modes.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of Bentonite Using Cationic Silicon Species and Interaction with Crystal Violet Dye","authors":"Mazouri Belhadri,&nbsp;Zohra Mahi,&nbsp;Abdelkader Bengueddach,&nbsp;Mohamed Sassi","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020037","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current study focused on the Algerian bentonite (ACS) modification with the hydrolysis product of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) using the intercalation process. The modified bentonite (ACS-APTES) was investigated as an adsorbent solid for Crystal Violet (CV) dye from wastewater. The ACS-APTES was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Several adsorption parameters were evaluated on the adsorption performance. The results showed that the equilibrium adsorption data was found to fit better to the Langmuir adsorption model. Findings of the present study showed that the modified clay could be served as an efficient adsorbent for cationic dyes in wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"120 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption Mechanism of Hymexazol by Multi-Modified Carbonized Fibers","authors":"Mah Noor Fatima,&nbsp;Xinli Xiang,&nbsp;Wenbin Li,&nbsp;Hongyan Deng,&nbsp;Hamida Bibi,&nbsp;Touqeer Abbas","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26020025","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26020025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hymexazol is the most often utilised bactericide in agriculture when it comes to production. To achieve efficient remediation of hymexazol pollution, cotton (C) and acrylic (A) discarded clothes were carbonized to prepare carbonized fibers (Cf). Dodecyl dimethyl betaine (DB) and chitosan (CH) were used to modify Cf, then alginate was secondly modified on the DB, and CH modified Cf to prepare multi-modified Cf. The adsorption isotherms of hymexazol were fitted by the Henry and the Freundlich models, and the correlation demonstrates that hymexazol’s adsorption follows both theories. The distribution coefficient and capacity parameter of hymexazol on different modified CCfs are higher than those on the ACfs. The adsorption effect of modified CCfs was better than that of modified ACFs. The optimum adsorption conditions were 30°C, pH 3, and ionic strength of 0.1 mol L⁻¹, and the adsorption process was a spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy-increasing reaction. Chemisorption mainly controlled the adsorption rate of hymexazol, and pH and mean pore size of modified Cf were the key factors in determining the adsorption capacity and affinity, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 2","pages":"183 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147734909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Contemporary Methods and Technologies for the Removal of Pollutants from Natural Waters","authors":"O. M. Kvartenko,&nbsp;A. V. Lysytsya","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26010066","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26010066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review deals with contemporary methods and technologies for the removal of pollutants from natural waters with emphasis on the integration of physicochemical and biological methods with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In the introduction, the urgency of this problem is substantiated with consideration for the significant accumulation of organic and inorganic contaminants (ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, phenols, surfactants, chlorinated organic compounds) as a result of anthropogenic burden on natural waters and insufficient efficiency of traditional treatment technologies. The method implies the comprehensive analysis of conventional approaches (biological and aerated filters, floatation, adsorption) and the empirical evaluation of AOP schemes with UV, O₃, and H₂O₂ with consideration for efficiency, power consumption, and economic viability. Results indicate that optimal combinations, in particular, O₃ + H₂O₂ + UV provide essential disinfection and degradation of persistent pollutants at a lower power consumption as compared to simpler schemes, (e.g., UV + H₂O₂), though require high-power UV sources. Biological methods (based on natural conditions or bioplateau systems) are more environmentally promising and less power consumptive, but slower and depend on pH, temperature, and availability of biogenic chemical elements. The discussion highlights the necessity of using AOPs and biotechnologies for maximum synergetic clean-up effect. Contemporary wastewater treatment technologies are described. In the conclusions, it is pointed out that the future development of treatment systems must be based on the rational combination of physicochemical and biological methods with AOP technologies with consideration for water characteristics, energy efficiency, and economic viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"37 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourism-Driven Water Quality Degradation at Triund, India: Unchecked Open Defecation and Its Health Risks in the Himalayan Water Sources","authors":"Tripti Kumari,&nbsp; Sakshi Ghildiyal","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X26010054","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X26010054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Triund trek near McLeodganj, India, attracts a significant influx of tourists annually. However, the lack of sanitation facilities has led to rampant open defecation at and around the campsite, resulting in fecal contamination of water sources. In the present study, we have used drainage basin classification to identify water sources in the Bhagsunag region that could be a potential sink for the fecal contamination passing through surface runoff from Triund. The analysis shows that Bhagsunag waterfall, the primary water source for the region, is a part of the drainage basin receiving this contaminated runoff, further exacerbating the risk. Water samples collected from the Triund campsite and Bhagsunag area revealed exceptionally high total dissolved solute (TDS) values and elevated conductivity and coliform levels. The snowline water, initially fresh, accumulates fecal matter as it flows downstream, primarily due to open defecation at the campsite. This results in pathogen load in lower-altitude water sources. Water quality index (WQI) values for most samples were &gt;100, making them unfit for consumption or domestic use. To effectively address the contamination issue, implementing Eco-San toilets at the Triund campsite is recommended due to their water-efficient, closed-system design, making them a superior alternative to other options. The findings underscore the urgent need for sanitation infrastructure improvements and policies to mitigate open defecation, which poses a direct threat to both ecological integrity and public health in the Bhagsunag region. Immediate action is critical to prevent further environmental degradation and health hazards in this high-altitude ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"65 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}