Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Application of a Magnetic Field in Liquid Extraction Treatment of Wastewater","authors":"A. A. Gasanov,&nbsp;E. A. Guseinova","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25020031","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25020031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the primary challenges faced by industrial enterprises involves the reuse of treated water. In paint and coating production, water becomes contaminated with various organic solvents, including butyl glycol, acetic acid, acetylacetone, and others. Efficient treatment and reintegration of this water into the technological process represent critical objectives. This study reports the results of single-stage liquid-phase wastewater treatment under the influence of a magnetic field with a magnetic induction of 20 mT, achieving purification efficiencies of 99.3% for butyl glycol, 99.1% for acetic acid, and 99.8% for acetylacetone. Isopropyl alcohol served as the extractant. The volumetric flow rates of wastewater and extractant were 3.0 and 0.3 dm³/h, respectively. The diameter of the extractor and the openings through which the extractant passes were <i>d</i>_extr = 0.03 m and <i>d</i>_op = 0.5 mm, respectively. Using a differential cell model, the concentrations of components in equilibrium phases along the height of the apparatus were calculated, along with the number of theoretical stages and the extractor height. The concentrations of components in the raffinate at the 20th cell were nearly identical to their initial concentrations, leading to the assumption of 20 theoretical stages. Given that the distance between theoretical stages is Δ<i>h</i> = 0.05 m, the height of the extractor, with a diameter of 0.03 m, was calculated to be <i>H</i>_extr = 20 × 0.05 = 1.0 m. The degree of component extraction along the height of the extractor was also calculated. A zero-waste technology was proposed for treating wastewater contaminated with organic solvents to achieve maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) using single-stage liquid–liquid extraction under the action of a magnetic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 2","pages":"181 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regularity of Water Treatment Processes in Facilities with Non-Immersed Vacuum Radiation Sources","authors":"O. O. Samsoni-Todorov,&nbsp;I. A. Vyhovska,&nbsp;V. O. Yaremenko,&nbsp;I. M. Kosyhina","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25020109","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25020109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of new light sources (excimer, xenon, etc.) has enabled the use of vacuum radiation for the disinfection of natural and waste household and industrial water. Many papers are devoted to the modeling of photocatalytic oxidation systems, but they insufficiently highlight the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the processes occurring in the reactor when water structures in the surface water microlayer are activated. For this reason, the development of a model of calculating the effective radiation and energy effect parameters as a function from the absorbance of a treated liquid and the size of a reflector for surface irradiating water treatment systems is relevant. Just the vacuum ultraviolet quantity is a crucial factor in the synthesis of hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals immediately in water. In this paper, theoretical models and algorithms are proposed for the calculation of photocatalytic water treatment reactors with non-immersed radiation sources in the optimal UV radiation utilization regime. The applied oxidizers are known reagents, such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, etc. Among all the reagents, ozone has the highest oxidation potential in water treatment. The possibilities of water treatment under the cumulative effect of photocatalytic ozone and UV radiation with the use of corresponding excimer lamps have been determined. For the system of irradiation with non-immersed light sources, it seems most promising to use photocatalytic ozone formed from oxygen under the influence of UV light radiation with wavelengths of 100–200 nm.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 2","pages":"105 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Approach of Real Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Lactobacillus plantarum Strain, Aluminum Chloride and Moringa oleifera Seed","authors":"K. Thirugnanasambandham,&nbsp;R. Gomathi,&nbsp;R. Parameswari,&nbsp;S. Kossar,&nbsp;A. Rasool,&nbsp;E. Shinyjoy,&nbsp;R. Ganesamoorthy","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010060","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eliminating total colour (TC) from municipal wastewater is vital to ensure public health and environmental protection. This study examines the effectiveness of using aluminum chloride coagulant (ACC), <i>Moringa oleifera</i> seed (MOS), and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum strain</i> (LPS) in the removal of TC from municipal wastewater (MW). The central composite design (CCD) is utilized to evaluate the efficiency of every procedure and clarify the interdependent aspects involved in the removal of TC. An <i>R</i>² value above 95% indicates that the created CCD model is highly reliable. The LPS, ACC, and MOS processes have operational costs of 6.4, 9.5, and 1.3 $/m³, correspondingly. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry verifies the efficiency of every process in TC elimination. Additionally, 95% of organic matter is found in the sediment of MOS, making it an excellent organic fertilizer. Acute toxicity tests on <i>Daphnia magna</i> demonstrate significant activity, confirming that the proposed methods effectively contribute to sustainable development by lowering toxicity levels of influent. Optimum operating conditions of MOS were found to be a pH of 7, dose of 2.5 g/L and time of 25 min. Also, the work not only advances our understanding of effective TC removal strategies but also emphasizes the broader environmental and ecological benefits of the investigated processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"91 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critisism of the Scholastic Approach in Researching Novel Adsorbents for Water Purification","authors":"S. K. Smolin,&nbsp;A. V. Sinel’nikova","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010114","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past two decades, many scientific journals have published a series of articles on environmental topics, which follow a similar pattern for studying adsorption on new materials. A review of more than 30 articles (as well as review practices), primarily focusing on the adsorption of synthetic organic compounds on new activated carbon materials, identifies the stages of scholarly research and highlights the main methodological and theoretical errors. These errors undermine the scientific value of these studies and reduce the experimental data presented within them to the status of scientific spam. The term “scholasticism” is used here in the sense of “pedantry,” “unified” nonessential research tasks, and excessive pondering over known or trivial matters. These issues point to gaps in the theoretical and practical training of young researchers. A typical feature of the scholastic approach is identified: instead of determining the conventional universal adsorption isotherm, the focus is on studying the influence of initial concentration, adsorbent weight, particle size, and contact time on adsorption efficiency—trends that are already well known to specialists. The epistemological significance and necessity of the stage of modeling experimental isotherms using both classical (Langmuir and Freundlich) and modern equations are critically evaluated. The paper presents a unique perspective on the role and objectives of modeling. The scholastic approach in kinetics relies on a formal description of rate laws, which predominantly ignore the physical nature of the adsorption of organic, especially aromatic, compounds, the hydrodynamics of flow, the fractional state of the adsorbent, the multistep nature of the process, and its limiting stage. The typical and characteristic inaccuracy of thermodynamic calculations in works exhibiting features of scholarly pedantry is highlighted, with the cause identified as the incorrect determination of the adsorption equilibrium constant, <i>K</i>_e. The paper gives specific methodological recommendations for environmental researchers, for whom adsorption-based water purification presents a new challenge, to avoid scholastic errors in their experimental endeavors and preserve the scientific value of their future work.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"9 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the View of Crayfish Biochar for Environmental Protection. Review","authors":"Chew Hui Wen,&nbsp;Fadina Amran,&nbsp;Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010072","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presence of pollutants in water bodies compromises the aquatic ecosystem and public health. Crayfish waste is being discarded from the seafood market in large quantities annually. Crayfish shells can be valorized as biochar to remove water pollutants due to their availability and low cost. This paper review aims to highlight its preparation as an environmental-friendly adsorbent. Adsorption is a preferred process to remove various pollutants from water. The treatment methods and physicochemical properties of the derived biochar were highlighted, and the adsorption capacities of some model pollutants were compared and discussed. The calcium moieties and chitin in biochar aid in the adsorptive removal of target pollutants. Besides, the present challenges and future directions of crayfish shell biochar were presented to shed insight into practical applications in wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Advanced Oxidation Processes for Chlorophenol Degradation: Parameter Influence, Efficacy Evaluation, and Toxicity Assessment with Eichhornia crassipes","authors":"Shivani Yadav,&nbsp;Harsh Pipil,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar,&nbsp;Anil Kumar Haritash","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010084","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the degradation of a mixture of chlorophenol solution using various Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). At different optimized conditions obtained for trichlorophenol, dichlorophenol, and monochlorophenol individually, additional optimization was performed for treating mixed chlorophenols (Mi-CPs). In photocatalysis degradation, rapid and complete removal of Mi-CPs was reported at pH 6.0, TiO₂ dose of 0.25 g/L, and H₂O₂ concentration of 10.0 mM within 270 min. In the case of photo-Fenton’s process, the complete removal was observed in 12 min at pH 3.0, Fe(II) 0.5 mM, and H₂O₂ 10.0 mM. Different AOPs integrated methods were also employed towards efficient removal. Solar-derived processes exhibited enhanced degradation rates. Assessment of electrical energy per unit order indicated sonication or UV-driven processes as energy-intensive processes over solar processes. For instance, solar-Fenton’s process resulted in complete chlorophenol removal in 8 min, whereas solar catalysis resulted in degradation of the toxicant within 315 min, albeit slightly longer than UV-driven catalysis. Hence, solar processes can be considered as an environmentally friendly approach for treating industrial wastewater. Furthermore, the toxicity analysis conducted for treated effluent using a macrophyte reported the disruption of plant tissues and ultimately plant death, signifying the presence of chemical species obstructing the plant metabolism and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"17 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Filtration of Tannery Wastewater Using Ceramic Membranes","authors":"Sadek Chahredine,&nbsp;Nabila Medjemem,&nbsp;Soad Boulanacer,&nbsp;Farhat Bouzerara","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010047","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010047","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Industrial effluents from leather tanning activities often have a significant pollutant load that is difficult to biodegrade. Decontamination by conventional techniques is in some cases inefficient. The present work aims to study a novel process for enhancing the physical, chemical and microbiological quality as well as to reduce the pollutant load in tannery wastewater. In this process, we applied the tangential microfiltration technique using ceramic membranes with various pore sizes (0.2, 0.4, and 6 μm). According to the obtained results, this process significantly improved the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the filtered wastewater as compared to the unfiltered one. It demonstrated good filtration efficiencies, in particular reducing (%) total chromium (83), BOD₅ (92), TSS (92), COD (98) and TC (100), which comply with Algerian standards for industrial discharges. Furthermore, ceramic membranes also reduced the intensity of the water colour during the retention step. These findings suggest that microfiltration using ceramic membranes is an efficient method for treating tannery wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"53 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasonability of Using the Total Organic Carbon Content in Water Supply Sources and Potable Water as a Water Quality Indicator","authors":"N. A. Klymenko,&nbsp;O. O. Samsoni-Todorova,&nbsp;L. A. Savchyna","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010096","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of monitoring the indicators characterizing the organic compounds in a water supply source and water purified by the technology applied at the Dnipro Water Station (DWS) in Kyiv, namely, total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), permanganate oxidability (PO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and color are reported. The interactions between these indicators are estimated by using the Pearson correlation coefficients. It is shown that the best correlation of integral indices is observed for TOC and COD in the water supply source. The dependence of biodegradable organic carbon on TOC in the initial water is described by a high-quality model. A direct dependence on TOC in the input Dnipro water is observed for the concentration of chlorinated disinfection products in the purified water. The reasonability of using the total organic carbon concentration as a water quality indicator in a water supply source and potable water before chlorination is substantiated. It is proposed to introduce the indicator “total organic carbon” into state normative documents for obligatory control and coordination with international water quality requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"81 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of Cd(II) from Acidic Wastewater on Sludge Biochar with NaHCO3 Activation Preparation","authors":"Yanju Liu","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010035","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The residual sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants was utilized to prepare sodium bicarbonate-activated sludge biochar, which was then employed for removing Cd(II) from wastewater. In comparison with the inactivated sludge biochar (UBC), the activated sludge biochar (ABC) displayed an enhanced pore structure and increased graphitic nature. The adsorption experiments indicated that at pH 5 and an adsorbent dosage of 25 mg, both UBC and ABC achieved optimal removal performances for Cd(II). The coexisting ions of K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^– and <span>({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - })</span> were found to have negligible impact on removing Cd(II) by UBC and ABC, whereas Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were observed to exert inhibitory effects on removing Cd(II) by both UBC and ABC. In the presence of humic acid (HA) at concentrations ranging from 0 to 25 mg/L, it was noted that HA exerted a beneficial effect on removing Cd(II) by UBC and ABC. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model were found to effectively describe the process of Cd(II) removal by UBC and ABC. Meanwhile, the maximum adsorption capacities of UBC and ABC for Cd(II) were 73.30 and 196.47 mg/g, respectively. The Cd(II) removal by UBC and ABC was influenced by mechanisms such as electrostatic interactions, complexation, mineral dissolution−precipitation, and cation−π interactions. This further illustrated the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate as an activator in enhancing the Cd(II) removal from acidic wastewater by sludge-derived biochar.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"31 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Low Brackish Water by Coagulation Flocculation Technique: Effect of Bentonite on Turbidity and pH","authors":"Soumia Boulefred,&nbsp;Abdelghani Chiboub Fellah,&nbsp;Mohammed Reda Ramdani,&nbsp;Fatema Zohra Guellil,&nbsp;Amel Boudjemaa,&nbsp;Khaldoun Bachari","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X25010059","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X25010059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the effect of suspended matter concentration on the coagulation-flocculation and decantation treatment process of a low brackish water <i>C</i>(NaCl) = 1 g/L aiming for an effective optimization of the process using slightly brackish and turbid waters. Experiments were performed to detect the optimum performance of coagulant (Al₂(SO₄)₃) and flocculant on pH and turbidity removal from different bentonite solutions (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/L). The effects of coagulant dose, flocculant dose, decantation type, feed rate, speed, and time of rapid and slow mixing are also investigated. The medium mixing speed and the co-current lamellar decantation were adequate to improve turbidity removal to high efficiency (99.84%). Using a TE 600 pilot plant to test the optimum experimental conditions resulting from batch experiments, showed a high yield of turbidity removal confirming an application possibility of these experimental conditions in a real treatment plant.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"60 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}