Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Ecology of Biofouling Zooplankton in Chinnamuttom Fishing Harbor, Southeast Coast of India","authors":"P. Nithya,&nbsp;B. Dhanalakshmi,&nbsp;P. Santhanam","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050089","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>The oceans are changing on a global scale. Zooplankton of the marine ecosystem are microscopic myriads of diverse, floating and drifting animal-like organisms found either on or near the surface of water bodies. Zooplankton samples were collected from the surface water and substratum of the ship hull during the study period from June 2015 to May 2016. Population density ranged from 68 000 to 194 000 cells/L was recorded in the water and substratum of the ship hull. Shannon–Wiener’s diversity index (<i>H</i>') values ranged from 4.97 to 5.57 (bits/ind) at station I and station II. Simpson’s richness ranged from 0.967 and 0.977 at station I and station II. Pielou’s evenness index (<i>J</i>') ranged from 0.976 to 0.994 at station I and station II, respectively. In total, 56 and 48 zooplankton species were recorded in water and substratum of the ship hull in the Chinnamuttom harbor water, respectively. Among the recorded zooplankton, calanoid copepod was found to be dominant followed by ciliata, cyclopoida, harpacticoida, polychaeta, amphipoda and barnacle nauplii in water samples, whereas in substratum samples the Harpacticoid copepod was predominant followed by ciliata, cyclopoida, calanoida, polychaeta, amphipoda and barnacle nauplii. Among the estimated zooplankton, the copepods were found to be dominant throughout the year in the selected site and seasons with appreciable numbers.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical-Based Emerging Contaminants Removal from Aqueous Solution by Different Granular Activated Carbon-Based Adsorbents","authors":"Chhaya,&nbsp;Ramakrishna Bag,&nbsp;Trishikhi Raychoudhury","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050041","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this study is to investigate the removal of selected pharmaceuticals such as ibuprofen (IBP), diclofenac (DCF), and carbamazepine (CBZ) by activated carbon (AC) when they are present in the aqueous solution as an individual entity or as a mixture. The coconut (AC_Eco) and lignite (AC_Darco) derived ACs after and before the impregnation of cerium were used as the adsorbent. Batch experiments were carried out for assessing the removal efficiency under varying conditions. The removal efficiencies of those pharmaceuticals were in the range of 66.2–99.8%. In the case of IBP and DCF, the removal was found to decrease slightly by AC_Eco and AC_Eco-Ce when the mixture of pharmaceuticals was used as compared to individual pharmaceuticals. The sorption kinetics results indicated that IBP (for both AC_Eco and AC_Darco) and CBZ (AC_Eco) were best fitted to the pseudo-first-order kinetics model, whereas the DCF (both for AC_Eco and AC_Darco) and CBZ (AC_Darco) fits better to pseudo-second-order model. The outcome of the study indicates that selected ACs were found effective in removing IBP, DCF, and CBZ when they are present as an individual entity or as a mixture in the aqueous solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of Fluoride Ions from Water by Kolmé Clay","authors":"Salifou Issa,&nbsp;Sèmiyou A. Osseni,&nbsp;David O. Obada,&nbsp;Adamou Zanguina,&nbsp;Adamou Rabani,&nbsp;Ibrahim Natatou,&nbsp;Daouda Mama,&nbsp;Ali Mahamane","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050090","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study was carried out with Kolmé clay in Liptako. X-rays diffraction results suggest that kaolinite was the predominant phase in this clay. The zero charge point of the pHpzc clay is about 7.1. The adsorption value and the percentage of fluoride ion removal by the clay increase up to a contact time of 1 h. Beyond this value, however, the fluctuation varies very little. This adsorption value increases with the fluoride ion concentration of the solution. However, it decreases considerably as the pH increases. The process of elimination of fluoride ions is done in three steps, including the diffusion of fluoride ions on the surface of the clay, the migration of fluoride ions from the surface of the clay to the active intra-particle sites and finally the chemisorption of fluoride ions on the active sites. The study of the sorption equilibrium of fluoride ions for the different concentrations indicates that the adsorption process appears to be both monolayer and multilayer and corresponds well to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The fluoride ion adsorption kinetics can be fitted to the first and pseudo second order Lagergren models. The different velocity constants reflect a slow diffusion of fluoride ions, so this clay can be used in water defluorination.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochemical Characteristics and Driving Factors of Surface Water in Nenensangcuo, Eastern Margin of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China","authors":"Xinze Liu,&nbsp;Dong Sun,&nbsp;Wenhao Gao,&nbsp;Shikuan Wang,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Zeng,&nbsp;Songjiang Zhao,&nbsp;Weizhen Zhang,&nbsp;Yongping Tan,&nbsp;Hao Jiang,&nbsp;Wanting Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Zheng,&nbsp;Hao Xu,&nbsp;Hongwei Chen,&nbsp;Ming Fan","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050119","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nenensangcuo is a typical karst travertine scenic spot in the eastern margin of Qinghai−Tibet Plateau. Studying its hydrochemical evolution characteristics and driving factors is of great significance to local economic and social development and scientific management of water resources. The characteristics of hydrochemistry are analyzed by mathematical statistics, and the types of hydrochemistry are analyzed by Piper’s three-line diagram. The sources of main ions in surface water and their influencing factors are discussed by Gibbs diagram and ion correlation analysis. The pH value of water body varies from 6.6–8.2, and the TDS value varies from 210–747 mg/L. The main sources are Ca²⁺, <span>({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>, Mg²⁺, Cl^– and <span>({text{SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }})</span>. The dominant cation is Ca²⁺, the dominant anion is <span>({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>, and the hydrochemical type is HCO₃–Ca. The hydrochemical composition is comprehensively influenced by weathering, mineral dissolution and precipitation of rocks, in which Ca²⁺ and <span>({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - })</span> mainly come from weathering and dissolution of carbonate rocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study among the Technology Classic Fenton and Electro-Fenton for the Degradation of Polyvinyl Alcohol in Textile Industrial Wastewater","authors":"Mohammad Aldaher,&nbsp; Erhan Gengec","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050028","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wastewater containing high concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resists conventional methods such as biological oxidation and requires high doses of chemicals in the case of chemical processes such as coagulation and adsorption. Due to these features, a comparative study has been conducted for the treatment of PVA in textile industrial wastewater by classic Fenton (CF) and electro-Fenton (EF). According to the results of CF, the optimum removal efficiency of the total organic carbon was obtained as 81% at pH 3.0, 43.5 g/L of H₂O₂ dose, 2.5 g/L of FeSO₄·7H₂O during 24 h and it reached 85.5% at 120 min in EF at the optimum values (pH 3, H₂O₂ dose = 43.5 g/L and 0.58 A of the current). When the cost of treatment by the CF method was found as 78.206 €/m³, it was 78.046 €/m³ by the EF process. For the first time in the literature, a comparative study of EF and CF in treatment of the PVA-containing wastewater was presented and high treatment efficiency was achieved. In this study, pH change in the EF process and its negative effects on the treatment efficiency were observed. Determining the need for constant pH adjustment to eliminate these negative effects is one of the most important outputs of this study. In addition, higher treatment efficiencies by EF have been obtained compared to CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Assessment of Surface Water Quality in the Umanka River Basin","authors":"Y. A. Zalenska,&nbsp;V. A. Kopilevych","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050132","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>The intense pollution due to increased anthropogenic load on the water catchment areas is a problem of small rivers. Changes in the hydrochemical regime of small rivers have an impact on large rivers as well, since the former feed the latter with transfer of pollutants from the land. Agricultural and communal water pollution of small rivers can be the cause of degradation of the river system. Therefore, systematic monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of small rivers against the background of climatic changes and low water is an urgent problem for the water management of Ukraine. This study is aimed at assessing the ecological state of the Umanka River (the left tributary of the Yatran’ River) in a certain period of time, which makes it possible to follow changes in water quality under the influence of anthropogenic factors and natural and climatic conditions of low water. Based on the results of analytical measurements of water samples of the Umanka River bed, the following block indices of water quality are calculated: index <i>I</i>₁ of contamination by the components of the saline composition (the sum of the Cl^– and <span>({text{SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }})</span> ions); ecological and sanitary index <i>I</i>₂ (<span>({text{NH}}_{4}^{ + })</span>, <span>({text{NO}}_{2}^{ - })</span>, <span>({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>, PO, and pH); and index <i>I</i>₃ of specific indicators of toxic action (Fe_tot, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn). According to hydrochemical parameters, the Umanka River water—which is a potential source of drinking water supply—is contaminated with nitrogen compounds <span>({text{NH}}_{4}^{ + })</span>, <span>({text{NO}}_{2}^{ - })</span>, and <span>({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>, and with Cd and Pb, and has a high level of permanganate oxidation exceeding the fourth class level of surface water quality. A comprehensive ecological assessment of the river water with values ranging from 3.51 to 4.36 along the stream is carried out, and the water quality is characterized as transitioning from “good” and “fairly pure” to “satisfactory” and “slightly polluted” with a tendency to approach “mediocre” and “moderately polluted”, while the Umanka River water in 2004 was classified as “good” and “fairly pure”.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Electrocoagulation Process for the Removal of Chromium from Simulated Water Using the Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Amitesh,&nbsp;Devendra Dohare,&nbsp;Ghoshna Jyoti,&nbsp;Chhaya Rekhete,&nbsp;Savita Dubey,&nbsp;Abhinesh Kumar Prajapati","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X2305003X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X2305003X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work is an attempt to remove Cr(VI) from simulated wastewater using electrocoagulation (EC) process where stainless steel (SS) is used as a sacrificial electrode. The central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize different operating parameters including initial pH (pH_i: 1.5–9.5), current density (<i>j</i>: 20.75–104.15 A/m²), electrode gap (<i>g</i>: 1.5–2.5 cm), and treatment time (<i>t</i>: 0–30 min), with respect to the removal of Cr(VI) from simulated water. The high coefficient of determination for Cr(VI) (<i>R</i>² = 0.9922) was found by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) between the experimental data and the predicted data using a second-order regression model. The maximum Cr(VI) removal of 88.9% was achieved at optimum conditions (pH 3.5, <i>j</i> = 83.3 A/m², <i>g</i> = 1.75 cm, and <i>t</i> = 24 min) as reflected by ANOVA analysis. A foam and residues analysis has also been incorporated.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of U(VI) and Th(IV) Adsorption Behavior onto El-Zafarana Silica Sand Modified with Metal Oxides","authors":"O. A. Elhefnawy,&nbsp;A. A. Elabd","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050053","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>El-Zafarana silica sand (ZSS) was modified with ZnO and CuO forming the new adsorbent ZnO−CuO/ZSS for removing U(VI) and Th(VI) from aqueous solutions. The removal process was performed in a series of batch experiments. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using different analysis techniques: scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of various parameters: pH, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature, on the adsorption process was studied. Kinetics and isothermal data reveal the chemisorption and the homogenous adsorption process with maximum adsorption capacities of 73.31 and 64.93 mg/g for at pH 6 and 5 for U(VI) and Th(IV), respectively. The thermodynamic parameters (Δ<i>H</i>°, Δ<i>S</i>°, Δ<i>G</i>°) confirm the endothermic nature of the adsorption process. The desorption study was carried out and found that ZnO–CuO/ZSS can effectively recover U(VI) and Th(IV) by 0.01 M HNO₃. The results indicate that ZnO–CuO/ZSS is an efficient adsorbent for U(VI) and Th(IV) from aqueous solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Approach for Adsorption of Fe(III) Using Natural Bioorganic Ligands as Facilitating Agents on Selected Adsorbents","authors":"Sreedhar Kodiganti,&nbsp;Abhijit Kantankar,&nbsp;Dachepalli Ravinder,&nbsp;Mavurapu Satyanarayana,&nbsp;Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda,&nbsp;Chandra Sekhar Vasam","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23050077","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23050077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adsorption of Fe(III) ions and Fe(III) complexes on selected adsorbents in aqueous solutions is reported. Fe(III) complexes with ribose, lactic acid, glycine and valine were prepared, and FTIR spectra validated their formation. The structural data of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis also confirm the structure of the iron-ligand complexes and their adsorption on selected ligands (celite, cellulose, bentonite, activated carbon, carbon nanoparticles). Fe(III) adsorption from Fe−ligand complexes (FeLCs) on adsorbents in an aqueous solution was higher than the adsorption of metal ions alone. Compared with non-carbon adsorbents, carbon adsorbents carbon nano particles (CNP) and activated carbon (AC) showed higher adsorption of FeLCs. The atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) studies showed that the Fe−valine complex demonstrated the maximum adsorption (1719.18 ppm) compared to other samples. energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies confirmed a 2.16-fold increase in Fe(III)−Val complex adsorption compared with the pure metal ions. The current strategy provides an efficient proto-type to remediate Fe(III) contaminated water and to fortify Fe(III) through diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Persulfate/UV-C and Peroxymonosulfate/UV-C Processes for COD and TOC Removal in Urban Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Gül Kaykioğlu,&nbsp; Mir Servan Uçkan","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X23040069","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1063455X23040069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, PS/UV-C and PMS/UV-C processes were used for the removal of pollutants from domestic and industrial wastewater. The effects of initial oxidant concentration, initial pH value and reaction time on COD and TOC removal efficiencies were determined by laboratory-scale, batch experimental studies. In the results of the study, the highest removal efficiency was obtained with PS/UV-C process at 25 mM oxidant concentration, pH 7 and at the end of the reaction time of 60 min, and the COD and TOC removal efficiencies were found to be 90.5 and 90.8%, respectively. In the study, unit and specific electricity consumptions were also calculated in order to compare the costs of PS/UV-C and PMS/UV-C processes. The optimum removal efficiency for PS/UV-C was obtained at pH 7 and 25 mM PS concentration and at 60 min of reaction time. Unit electricity consumption (E_EO) values for COD and TOC parameters were calculated as 39.1 and 38.4 kWh/m³, respectively, and specific electricity consumption (E_EM) as 80.5 and 181.8 kWh/kg, respectively. As a result of the kinetic studies obtained f or COD removal in both PS/UV-C and PMS/UV-C applications, it was determined that the reaction was compatible with the second-order kinetic model. PS/UV-C reaction rate was obtained 2 times higher than PMS/UV-C. It has been determined that PS/UV-C process is a more suitable process in terms of removing COD and TOC compared to PMS/UVC in the treatment of this urban wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4600788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}