Journal of Thermal Spray Technology最新文献_第4页

Microstructure and Wear Performance of Inconel 718 Composite Coatings Reinforced with Multi-size and Content WC-Co Fabricated by Laser Cladding

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01908-y

Lu Xu, Lida Zhu, Miao Yu, Jinsheng Ning, Zhichao Yang, Zongze Jiang, Peihua Xu, Shaoqing Qin, Chenglong Zhai

{"title":"Microstructure and Wear Performance of Inconel 718 Composite Coatings Reinforced with Multi-size and Content WC-Co Fabricated by Laser Cladding","authors":"Lu Xu, Lida Zhu, Miao Yu, Jinsheng Ning, Zhichao Yang, Zongze Jiang, Peihua Xu, Shaoqing Qin, Chenglong Zhai","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01908-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01908-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser cladding provides the feasibility for fabricating various ceramic-reinforced metal–matrix composite coatings, in which the particle size and content of the reinforcing particles play a crucial role in the properties of the cladding. In this paper, to improve the hardness and wear resistance of Inconel 718 coatings, a series of composite coatings were prepared by laser cladding and the effects of WC-Co grain size and content on the macrostructure, microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 coatings were revealed in detail. The results showed that with the increase in WC-Co content, multiple carbides coexisted in the coating, the grain size became smaller, and the cracking susceptibility increased. The coatings containing 10-55 μm WC-Co particles have higher grain refinement and higher hardness and better plasticity, but also higher coefficient of friction (COF) values. Based on the increased hardness, the coatings containing 40-120 μm WC-Co particles showed better wear resistance, with a 70.3% reduction in wear volume compared to pure Inconel 718 with 30% WC-Co content. The wear mechanism of each coating was dominated by abrasive wear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"337 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Evolution of Cold-Sprayed Copper Deposit Mechanical Properties as Function of Substrate Geometry and Heat Treatment Parameters

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01917-x

Dominique Poirier, Bruno Guerreiro, Jean-Gabriel Legoux, Sylvain Bournival, Stephen Yue, Jason D. Giallonardo

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Development of NiO-GDC Anode by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying for Metal-Supported SOFCs

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01918-w

Guo Yu, Song Chen, Liu Min, Wen Kui, Liu Taikai, Zhu Liangzhu, Mao Jie, Zhang Xiaofeng, Deng Chunming, Deng Changguang, Liao Hanlin

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2219 Al Alloy Cold-Sprayed Coating by Heat Treatment

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01914-0

Huwei Tao, Zhilong Chang, Yong Shen, Zhuang Liu, Bingxin Jiang, Zhihang Li, Qifeng Cai, Hua Zhang

{"title":"Optimization of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2219 Al Alloy Cold-Sprayed Coating by Heat Treatment","authors":"Huwei Tao, Zhilong Chang, Yong Shen, Zhuang Liu, Bingxin Jiang, Zhihang Li, Qifeng Cai, Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01914-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01914-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the influence of different heat treatment processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold spraying coatings deposited on TIG joints of 2219 Al alloy. The results indicate that there were no significant changes in the microstructure of the joint before and after cold spraying. However, there was noticeable plastic deformation at the interface between the joint and the coating. The porosity rates of coatings subjected to room temperature, direct aging, and solution aging are 1.94%, 0.67%, and 4.57%, respectively. After direct aging, the extent of plastic deformation in the coating decreases. Following solution aging, recrystallization occurs in the coating leading to grain growth. A comparison of the microstructures of the three types of coatings revealed a gradual reduction in dislocation density and the quantity of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) within the coatings. Following solution aging, a significant amount of needle-like long-period transition phase θ′ precipitated. The coating hardness transitioned from a step-like distribution to a more uniform distribution, with an approximate 5HV increase in hardness within 2.5mm depth from the surface of the substrate. The tensile strength of joints with coatings improved by 5.6% and 30.9%, respectively, while the elongation increased by 15.4% and 93.3%, resulting in significantly enhanced ductility. The coating fracture mode transitions from predominantly brittle fracture to primarily ductile fracture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"250 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct Copper Metallization of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymers for Lightning Strike Protection Using Low-Pressure Cold Spray

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01885-2

Hiroki Saito, Atsushi Izumi, Yuxian Meng, Yuji Ichikawa, Kazuhiro Ogawa, Syoma Ishida, Yoshihiro Naruse, Akihiko Nishizaki

{"title":"Direct Copper Metallization of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymers for Lightning Strike Protection Using Low-Pressure Cold Spray","authors":"Hiroki Saito, Atsushi Izumi, Yuxian Meng, Yuji Ichikawa, Kazuhiro Ogawa, Syoma Ishida, Yoshihiro Naruse, Akihiko Nishizaki","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01885-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01885-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metallizing polymer composite via cold spray is an attractive process for producing lightning strike protection (LSP) in composite-based aircraft. However, direct deposition of copper, the most common conductive metal, on carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymers (CFRTP) remains challenging due to the severe polymer erosion and carbon fiber fracture induced by cold-sprayed multi-particle impact. In this work, the copper direct deposition window was explored by varying copper particle size and operating gas temperature, which are primary parameters determining particle impact energy. Following this, a lightning strike test was performed to evaluate the protective effectiveness of the deposited copper coating in reducing damage to the underlying CFRTP substrate. It was revealed that fine copper particles approximately 5 µm in diameter are effective for direct deposition due to their minimal induction of polymer erosion. Sufficient heating of the particle spray area above the glass transition temperature promoted continuous coating formation. The lightning strike tests demonstrated that the cold-sprayed copper coating effectively protects the underlying CFRTP by acting as a major electric current path and a sacrificial protective layer. These findings highlight the promising potential of cold spray as a new LSP technology for polymer composite aircraft.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"231 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11666-024-01885-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crucial Factors Influencing Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cold-Sprayed CuCrZr Composite Coating

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01911-3

Min Yu, Zhihua Chang, Peiyuan Lv, Hui Chen

{"title":"Crucial Factors Influencing Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cold-Sprayed CuCrZr Composite Coating","authors":"Min Yu, Zhihua Chang, Peiyuan Lv, Hui Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01911-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01911-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cold spray was employed to apply CuCrZr-based composite coatings onto CuCrZr substrates, aiming to enhance both their mechanical and thermal properties. A comparison was drawn between wear-resistant SiC and high thermal conductivity AlN reinforcements in terms of shear strength, tribological behavior, and thermal conductivity. Results show that the 30vol.% AlN/CuCrZr and 45vol.% SiC/CuCrZr coatings have similar grain structures, ceramic content and particle size distribution, but a distinct mean free path of the ceramics. The 30vol.% AlN/CuCrZr coating exhibits superior hardness and shear strength compared to the 45vol.% SiC/CuCrZr coating, attributed to the greater dispersion strengthening effect arising from the closely spaced AlN particles while the sparse distribution of SiC particles facilitates formation of the CuO lubricating film, resulting in the better wear resistance of the SiC/CuCrZr coating. Finally, the 30vol.% AlN/CuCrZr coating demonstrates superior thermal performance due to the higher thermal conductivity inherent in AlN ceramic. Therefore, the inherent thermal conductivity and distribution of the ceramic particles could be crucial factors in achieving comprehensive thermal and wear performance for the CuCrZr composite coating.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"219 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanical Properties of Cobalt Chromium Alloy Manufactured by Direct Energy Deposition Technology

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01913-1

David Smith, Paula Pickett, Theresa Grabowski, Joncy Thorpe, Fardad Azarmi

{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Cobalt Chromium Alloy Manufactured by Direct Energy Deposition Technology","authors":"David Smith, Paula Pickett, Theresa Grabowski, Joncy Thorpe, Fardad Azarmi","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01913-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01913-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cobalt chromium (CoCr), a well-known biocompatible material, is additively manufactured using direct energy deposition (DED) technology in this study. This study investigates some important mechanical characteristics of the additively manufactured CoCr using two different numerical simulation methods in addition to mechanical tests and experiments. Mechanical experiments such as hardness, wear, and flexural bending test were conducted on DED-processed samples. All experiments were also conducted on conventionally processed CoCr specimens for comparison purposes. DED-processed CoCr samples exhibited a complex microstructure with a variety of features such as cellular, columnar, and equiaxed grains within their melt pools. While the DED-processed sample had a lower hardness compared to the conventionally processed one, it exhibited a higher wear resistance. The tensile strength obtained from resonance frequency testing was higher for the DED-processed CoCr sample compared to the conventionally fabricated one. The out-of-plane mechanical strength of CoCr samples was measured by conducting flexural bending test, and the conventional sample showed a higher flexural modulus than the DED sample. The bend tests were also numerically simulated using two different finite element analysis (FEA) procedures. The FEA results for the conventionally processed samples are in good agreement with the ones obtained from the experimental flexural bending test. The results of the FEA studies on the DED-processed samples were within 10-20 % of the experimental ones, showing the potential of numerical methods in estimating this property without the need of mechanical testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"674 - 689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11666-024-01913-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tuning the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti Compositionally Complex Alloys Manufactured by Means of L-DED

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01902-4

L. Gerdt, A. Hilhorst, M. Müller, M. Heidowitzsch, J. Kaspar, E. Lopez, M. Zimmermann, P. J. Jacques

{"title":"Tuning the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Ti Compositionally Complex Alloys Manufactured by Means of L-DED","authors":"L. Gerdt, A. Hilhorst, M. Müller, M. Heidowitzsch, J. Kaspar, E. Lopez, M. Zimmermann, P. J. Jacques","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01902-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01902-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the current study, a combinatorial high-throughput screening approach based on CALPHAD simulations and experimental validation has been utilized to explore a Co<sub>2</sub>CrFeNi<sub>2</sub>-Al-Ti CCA-system. This technique, introduced by Kaspar et al. (High Entropy Alloys Mater. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44210-023-00023-x), allows to perform an accelerated alloy development within a wide compositional range and automated fabrication of graded components with varying chemical composition and microstructure. Extended by semi-automated analytical characterization of the produced samples, this approach enables to design novel compositionally complex alloys (CCAs) with promising properties for specific requirements. In our current work, a multiphase design of L1<sub>2</sub> γ′-strengthened Co<sub>2</sub>CrFeNi<sub>2</sub>-Al-Ti CCAs partially tolerating the disordered BCC-A2 or ordered B2 phases in the alloy microstructure has been utilized. The samples with three different chemical compositions were manufactured by means of laser directed energy deposition (L-DED). By subsequent two-step heat treatment, different phase compositions and microstructures have been realized with a main objective to achieve a high volume fraction of L1<sub>2</sub> γ′ precipitations. Mechanical properties of investigated alloys were characterized by means of tensile tests. Depending on chemical and phase composition of the alloys, the ultimate tensile strength varied in the range of 1060-1150 MPa. The formation of BCC-B2 phase led to decreased yield to tensile strength and showed a detrimental effect on ductility of investigated alloys.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"920 - 927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11666-024-01902-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple Electrodes and Cascaded Nozzles: A Review of the Evolution of Modern Plasma Spray Torches

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01909-x

Georg Mauer

{"title":"Multiple Electrodes and Cascaded Nozzles: A Review of the Evolution of Modern Plasma Spray Torches","authors":"Georg Mauer","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01909-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01909-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conventional one-cathode/anode plasma spray guns are susceptible to aging. One reason is the large power density, especially at the arc roots on the cathode tip and the anode wall. Anode wear results in a thinner boundary layer and a reduced arc root motion, which increases the local thermal load. This also results in a voltage drop, and thus a reduction in power level when the power source is operated in a constant current mode. In addition to electrode wear, the instantaneous arc morphology and the time-dependent voltage waveform are strongly correlated to each other, especially when hydrogen or nitrogen is used as secondary plasma gas. Such arc dynamics are a major phenomenon that broadens the distribution of particle in-flight characteristics. The inevitable wear of electrodes and the inherent power fluctuations were the starting point for the development of new concepts for modern plasma spray guns. Multi-electrode plasma torches were developed to improve operational stability and lifetime. They became popular due to their good stability and high-power plasma jet, even when operated with inert gases only. In this context, cascaded torch nozzles were introduced, which effectively limit the axial movements of the anodic arc attachment. Such a design includes a stack of neutrodes in front of the anode, which are electrically insulated from each other. Since the arc is more stable, the power demand is virtually constant and the treatment of the feedstock particles is more uniform than with the conventional non-cascaded torches. In this review, the mechanisms leading to electrode wear and arc fluctuations in single-cathode/anode plasma guns are explained. Some concepts of multi-electrode torches and cascaded torch nozzles are presented. Examples of experimental results obtained by diagnostic methods are also given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"484 - 494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11666-024-01909-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasma Spraying of Ceramic Coating with All Interfaces Bonded Chemically through a Ceramic Bond Coat Thermally Grown on Metal Substrate

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-024-01907-z

Peng-Yan Shi, Ya-Long Zhang, Xiao-Tao Luo, Kang-Wei Xu, Shu-Feng Xie, Ling-Jie Chen, Jiu-Jing Song, Rou Chen, Chang-Jiu Li

{"title":"Plasma Spraying of Ceramic Coating with All Interfaces Bonded Chemically through a Ceramic Bond Coat Thermally Grown on Metal Substrate","authors":"Peng-Yan Shi, Ya-Long Zhang, Xiao-Tao Luo, Kang-Wei Xu, Shu-Feng Xie, Ling-Jie Chen, Jiu-Jing Song,  Rou Chen, Chang-Jiu Li","doi":"10.1007/s11666-024-01907-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11666-024-01907-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings are widely used for corrosion protection of metallic parts in industries. However, conventional ceramic coatings bond to metal substrates mainly through mechanical interlocking, with a tensile adhesion lower than 40 MPa, which limits their high-load applications. In this study, a new strategy to enhance the adhesion of coatings to a level over 100 MPa is proposed through introducing a ceramic bond coat to create chemical bonding throughout all the interfaces within the coating system. The experimental approval is made using titanium (Ti) as a typical substrate and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-13TiO<sub>2</sub> (AT13) as a typical coating material. The ceramic bond coat on Ti substrate was introduced by thermal growing under different oxidation conditions. The AT13 coating was deposited at 300 °C which was determined following the critical bonding temperature theory. It is found that the chemical bonding for all interfaces between ceramic layers was achieved by dynamic wetting of spreading molten splats ensured by the critical bonding temperature concept. The tensile test was modified by reducing the effective contact area of AT13 ceramic coatings to the substrate, and the adhesion of the ceramic coating prepared by the new method ranged from 105 to 121 MPa. This study provides a new technological approach for the application of plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings in high-load environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"908 - 919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0