Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive review of baffle-based cooling strategies of lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Surya Prakash Chauhan,&nbsp;Rajesh Maithani,&nbsp;Sachin Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15294-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15294-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has made efficient heat control of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) a critical engineering challenge. This article covers the battery thermal management system (BTMS) in detail, with a focus on baffle-enhanced air cooling methods. Lithium-ion batteries are quite sensitive to temperature fluctuations, despite their extended lifespan and high energy density. Runaway heat, rapid aging, and decreased efficiency can result from poor thermal management. Active, passive, and hybrid systems are the three main categories into which BTMS technologies fall; each has unique heat removal capabilities, design challenges, and applications. Among these, air-based systems have low heat transfer efficiency but are structurally straightforward and reasonably priced. The addition of baffles to air passages has demonstrated great potential for enhancing temperature uniformity and reducing the battery pack's maximum temperature. Comparisons of baffle-enhanced air cooling, direct and indirect liquid cooling, and PCM-based techniques show that although liquid cooling is better at removing heat, air cooling with optimized airflow paths and geometric adjustments provides a low-maintenance, energy-efficient solution for moderate thermal loads. This paper compiles the latest developments in BTMS architecture, including hybrid approaches, phase-change composites, immersion cooling, and fin designs inspired by biology. Additionally, covered is the function of modeling approaches, particularly CFD and Multiphysics simulations, in system optimization and performance prediction. For the future development of safe, effective, and affordable BTMS technologies that meet the changing needs of high-performance EVs, our work acts as a fundamental reference.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"4973 - 5006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obituary: Prof. Salvador Montserrat","authors":"Jiří Málek,&nbsp;John M. Hutchinson","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15375-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15375-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div><p>Professor Salvador Montserrat Ribas, a renowned scientist in thermal analysis and polymer science, passed away on March 21, 2025, at the age of 82. He had a distinguished career, including holding a full professorship at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya and publishing over 70 papers with more than 2200 citations. He was known for significant contributions to the kinetics of curing reactions, glass transition phenomena, and physical aging of epoxy resins and other polymers. Beyond his scientific achievements, Professor Montserrat was highly regarded for his exceptional dedication to mentoring students and colleagues, securing research funding, and for his extraordinary kindness and hospitality. He is deeply missed by his family, colleagues, and friends.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5477 - 5479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence modeling for the determination of thermodynamic and transport properties of R454B refrigerant","authors":"Erkan Dikmen,&nbsp;Arzu Şencan Şahin","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15381-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15381-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate knowledge of thermodynamic and transport properties is essential for optimizing the design and operation of refrigeration systems. With the continuous introduction of new refrigerants, there is an increasing demand for predictive approaches that can provide reliable property data over a broad range of temperatures and pressures, where experimental measurements are frequently unavailable. This study developed Deep Learning (DL), Gene Expression Programming (GEP), and Linear Regression (LR) models to predict the key properties of the low-GWP refrigerant R454B, such as enthalpy, entropy, specific volume, thermal conductivity, viscosity, and heat capacity. R454B has emerged as a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to R410A, so accurate prediction of its properties is crucial for the development of sustainable refrigeration technologies. Of the methods tested, the GEP model demonstrated the best performance, achieving <i>R</i>² values of over 0.99 for most properties and significantly reducing mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). These results highlight the robustness and sensitivity of GEP in capturing the complex thermophysical behavior of R454B. This study provides a novel and effective modeling framework that paves the way for more efficient, accurate, and sustainable prediction of refrigerant properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5087 - 5102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-026-15381-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal analysis of magnetized TiO2–PAO nanolubricant flow in the presence of non-uniform heat source and activation energy","authors":"Asia Bibi,&nbsp;M. S. Hashmi,&nbsp;Muhammad Riaz,&nbsp;Mustafa Inc,&nbsp;Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim,&nbsp;Nurul Amira Zainal","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15334-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15334-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, thermal properties of magnetized <span>({text{Ti}}{text{O}}_{2}text{-PAO})</span> nanolubricant flow over a flat surface is examined. Incorporating titanium dioxide (<span>({text{Ti}}{text{O}}_{2}))</span> NFs into a conventional polyalphaolefin (PAO) lubricant has shown much higher thermal conductivity and therefore better heat transfer capabilities, resulting in less friction, wear, and use of less energy by the mechanical system. The current discussion examines the principle of HT when subjected to both the effects of TR and non-uniform heat source. Also, the effects of local thermal non-equilibrium conditions and porous media in the optimization of HT are studied. Thermal and flow characteristics of the effect of activation energy are also taken into consideration. The nonlinear PDEs are reduced to a system comprising of ODEs through suitable STs. The MATLAB bvp4c solver is implemented to get numerical solutions. The dependence of important physical parameters on velocity, temperature distribution, and HT rate variation is shown graphically and in tabular form. Findings have shown that augmenting magnetic field strength and inertial parameters has a tremendous effect on reducing the flow of a nanolubricant. On the other hand, the existence of TR and heat generation inside the nanolubricant greatly improves the thermal performance of the lubricant. This study offers valuable results on how nanolubricants can be made more efficient and gives possible use in the automotive, aerospace, and industrial thermal management systems, which are facing dire challenges in lubrication, heat transfer as well as material performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5319 - 5331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-026-15334-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsteady heat transfer enhancement in a wetted longitudinal porous fin using trihybrid nanofluids under magnetic field effect: a finite difference analysis","authors":"G. P. Bhumika,&nbsp;C. G. Pavithra,&nbsp;B. J. Gireesha","doi":"10.1007/s10973-025-15275-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-025-15275-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Longitudinal fins cooled by advanced nanofluids have emerged as an effective solution for enhancing heat transfer in modern thermal systems. This study presents a novel transient thermal analysis and fin efficiency of wetted longitudinal porous fin cooled by a trihybrid nanofluid under the influence of a magnetic field, which has not been previously explored. The longitudinal fin with rectangular, convex and triangular profiles employing trihybrid nanofluid composed of <span>(Fe_{3} O_{4} , Au)</span>, and <span>(Zn)</span> nanoparticles suspended in blood has been investigated. It incorporates internal heat generation and magnetic field effects with Darcy’s law describing the porous medium. The governing nonlinear partial differential equation is solved numerically via the finite difference method after being nondimensionalized. A comprehensive parametric analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of key dimensionless parameters on the fin’s temperature distribution and thermal efficiency, including the Peclet number, wet porous parameter, convective parameter, radiative parameter, power index, generation number, internal heat generation, Hartmann number and ambient temperature. A 400% increase in internal heat generation slightly raises fin temperatures by 0.257%, 0.298% and 0.295% for rectangular, convex and triangular profiles. Conversely, a 200% rise in the Hartmann number improves heat transfer, lowering fin temperatures by 11.2%, 12.5% and 12.1% for the respective profiles. The findings indicate significant thermal performance enhancements achieved through the combined effects of the trihybrid nanofluid and optimized fin geometries, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed configuration for improved heat dissipation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5347 - 5362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based simulation of MHD hydro-nanofluid flow over an inclined porous disk with chemical reaction effects","authors":"Reshu Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15324-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15324-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research investigates heat and mass transfer in hydro-nanofluid (Fe₃O₄-H₂O) flow over an inclined, rotating disk embedded in a porous medium, accounting for viscous dissipation and Joule heating. The analysis is conducted by means of a stochastic solver leveraging Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation neural networks (LMNN). Inclined rotating disks portray a significant role in gas turbines and aerospace engines, where they are used to regulate thermal loads under extreme operating conditions. These parts are especially essential to industrial gearboxes and wind turbines, where high rotational speeds and temperature gradients subject them to severe mechanical and thermal strains. The Darcy–Forchheimer model (DFM) is used to account for inertial and porous media effects, providing a more precise and physically realistic depiction of the system. The governing nonlinear PDEs are reduced to a set of nonlinear ODEs using scaling group transformations. The differential transform approach is used to obtain analytical solutions for ODEs. The generated data are used as the neural network's training set. The neural network's learning procedure involves validation, training, and testing phases to accurately map and predict results across various scenarios. These scenarios are produced by amending key physical parameters, including the porosity parameter, the Prandtl number, and the strength of the magnetic field. The effect of parameters on all profiles has been analyzed thoroughly and plotted. The Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation neural network algorithm has been strictly validated by convergence assessment, stability confirmation, and computational performance evaluation. The model's accurateness is systematically measured using performance metrics, regression plots, error histogram, and goodness of fit analyses for the study of hydro-nanofluid system. The exactness of the results evaluated by the differential transform method has been ratified completely through comparison with established results from the literature and numerical simulations, demonstrating excellent agreement. A graphical abstract summarizing the key findings is provided in Fig. 1.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div><div><p>Description of problem</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5211 - 5246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-enhanced thermal regulation and adaptive MPPT for improved performance of PVT systems","authors":"Kundan Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Prakash Chandra","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15362-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15362-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems enhance solar energy efficiency by integrating thermal management, yet certain challenges limit their performance. Hence, a novel graphene-enhanced recursive wavelet bee-tuned adaptive MPPT framework is proposed. Advancements in nanotechnology and phase change materials (PCMs) improve thermal regulation in PVT systems, but thermal cycling causes Soret diffusion, leading to stress, substrate distortion, and nanofilm delamination. Additionally, thermal expansion weakens seals, while electromagnetic interference from PV cells disrupts sensor accuracy, reducing system reliability. Thus, a novel graphene-enhanced adaptive phase transition and sealing framework is introduced, which enhances structural integrity under thermal cycling, ensuring accurate energy measurements and improving overall system reliability. Inefficient power transfer from the PVT collector to the thermal storage medium, caused by sub-optimal mechanisms and poor flow dynamics, leads to energy losses. Thus, a novel improved recursive wavelet bee-tuned MPPT is introduced, which enhances PV voltage accuracy and optimizes maximum power point tracking (MPPT), ensuring efficient power transfer. The outcomes obtained by the suggested model have high electrical power, thermal power, voltage, current, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5129 - 5145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled momentum, microrotation, and thermosolutal transport in double-stratified MHD micropolar nanofluid flow through porous media with slip, suction/injection, and thermal radiation","authors":"R. Bhuvana Vijaya,&nbsp;S. K. Gugulothu,&nbsp;Praveen Barmavatu","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15283-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15283-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper explores the mechanism of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), porous medium resistance, slip flow, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation, on nanofluid flow over a nonlinearly stretching sheet. The Keller-box method is used to solve the transformed nonlinear similarity equations of velocity, temperature and concentration of the nanoparticles. Parametric research work is done extensively to explain the qualitative and quantitative effects of physical parameters. These findings indicate that when the magnetic parameter (MMM) is increased, the Lorentz force increases and therefore silences velocity by almost 35–40 percent of the wall and also increases thermal and concentration boundary layers. On the other hand, permeability (K_p) increases the velocity of flow through the minimization of drag force resulting in increased wall shear stress. Slip parameter (K₁) reduces the degree of velocity by 10–15% and also has a minor reduction on the heat transfer rates. In the case of the thermal field, increasing the Prandtl number (Pr) values greatly reduce the actual dimensionless temperature of the thermal field by up to 60 percent at e = 2 though radiation (d) and Eckert number (Ec) serve to warm the field by increasing the intensity of heat retention. The effects of nanoparticles are apparent: Brownian motion (Nb) increases temperature but decreases concentration, and thermophoresis (Nt) increases temperature and nanoparticle migration. Nusselt number quantitatively decreases by almost a quarter with increase of Ec, and Sherwood number increases by 20–30 percent with increase of N_b and K₁. Comparison with the literature reveals a good level of agreement of less than 0.05 and ascertains the accuracy of the formulation. This work offers the new understanding of the interplaying effects of MHD, slip, and nanoparticles dynamics that may have practical applicability to porous media heat exchangers, cooling devices, and biomedical transport.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 5","pages":"4109 - 4129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147808283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal, electrical, and exergy performance optimization of hybrid PV/T systems using MAX phase-based nanofluids: a comparative study of ethanol and methanol","authors":"Amirhosein Dashtbozorg,&nbsp;Behnaz Safarianbana,&nbsp;Mehdi Shanbedi","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15329-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15329-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To enhance the cooling of hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems, this study examines the fluid behavior of MAX phase/ethanol and MAX phase/methanol nanofluids in two-phase closed thermosyphons (TPCT). According to the results, the optimal angle for absorbing solar energy with both nanofluids is 30°. In every tested angle, the ethanol-based nanofluid continuously outperformed the others in terms of capturing solar energy. A 50% filling ratio produced the best thermal performance, resulting in lower rear panel temperatures and higher output power. Because ethanol has a lower viscosity and a more negative zeta potential, it has a slightly higher heat transfer efficiency. Temperature drop and output power were further enhanced by increasing the nanofluid concentration to 1.0%, resulting in a maximum temperature reduction of 20.5 °C and a power increase of 1.73 W behind the panel. Although both nanofluids improved electrical efficiency at lower concentrations, methanol exhibited marginally higher electrical efficiency at 1.0%. The results of the energy analysis showed that the MAX phase/methanol nanofluid had a marginally higher exergy efficiency (16.04%) than the MAX phase/ethanol (15.54%), suggesting a greater potential for improving exergy performance. While MAX phase/methanol nanofluid offers benefits in exergy efficiency, MAX phase/ethanol nanofluid is superior overall in improving solar energy efficiency and thermal management, highlighting the significance of customized nanofluid optimization for renewable energy applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"5459 - 5475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar stills with porous absorber materials: a systematic review of design modifications and performance enhancements","authors":"Sajjad Hameed Majeed,&nbsp;Farhan Lafta Rashid,&nbsp;Haider Nadhom Azziz,&nbsp;Atef Chibani","doi":"10.1007/s10973-026-15304-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-026-15304-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low productivity remains a major challenge limiting solar still adoption as a potential solution to the freshwater crisis. This systematic review covers the whole picture of the influence of porous materials in improving the performance of solar stills either by design adjustments or by added systems. According to key researches, porous materials, including black sponge rubber, carbon-impregnated foam, nanocoated absorber, etc., greatly enhance efficiency due to a large evaporation surface area, thermal storage capacity, and light absorbed. As an example, 15–40% of productivity was improved using floating perforated with black aluminum plates, whereas the carbon fiber/nanomaterials-modified epoxy composite had a yield improvement of 109%. The performance was further improved by structural innovations such as corrugated absorbers and rotating wick belts, and there were some designs that could produce up to 52.54% more. The efficiency increased by a maximum of 74.11% with hybrid systems that incorporate porous media with a combination of a phase change material (PCM) or with choices (solar collectors). Still, there are problems with the duration of materials and price, as well as the ability to scale. The review determines that porous materials used in conjunction with other structurally considered changes will result in a significant potential to maximize the productivity of the solar stills, but there is still a need to define or report on the limitations involved in the application of porous materials to the desired application since this will involve a route to economic viability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"151 6","pages":"4865 - 4889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}