Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry最新文献

{"title":"Size fraction characterisation of highly-calcareous and siliceous fly ashes","authors":"Jurij Delihowski,&nbsp;Piotr Izak,&nbsp;Łukasz Wójcik,&nbsp;Marcin Gajek,&nbsp;Dawid Kozień,&nbsp;Marcin Jarosz","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13566-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13566-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The properties of coal fly ash vary significantly depending on factors such as coal type, combustion conditions, and flue gas emission reduction methods. This study investigates the influence of particle size fractionation on the chemical composition, mineralogical structure, and thermal behaviour of two types of fly ash: high calcium ash derived from lignite (S1) and silica-rich ash from bituminous coal (S2). Dry aerodynamic separation was used to obtain distinct size fractions, which were then subjected to a comprehensive characterisation including X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. The results reveal notable differences between the S1 and S2 ashes and between their size fractions. The finer fractions (&lt; 20 μm) of S1 showed an increased calcium and sulphur content, while the coarser fractions (&gt; 100 μm) contained more silica and alumina. The S2 ash exhibited a higher overall silica content, with alkali metals concentrated in finer fractions. Thermal analysis demonstrated distinct behaviours for each type and fraction of ash. Fine fractions of S1 ash showed SO₂ emission at elevated temperatures, while S2 ash exhibited greater CO₂ gas emission. After thermal treatment, the recrystallisation of the glassy phase was observed for S1, while the S2 ashes were more prone to melting and agglomeration. The study highlights the potential for the customised utilisation of specific ash fractions in various applications, such as geopolymer synthesis, adsorbent materials, and refractory products. This comprehensive characterisation contributes to a better understanding of fly ash properties and their dependence on particle size, providing valuable insights to optimise fly ash utilisation in various industries. The findings suggest strategies for a more efficient use of fly ash resources, particularly relevant in the context of decreasing fly ash availability due to the phase-out of coal power plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 19","pages":"10587 - 10603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-024-13566-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of isoconversional methods and peak functions for the kinetic analysis of thermogravimetric data and its application to degradation processes of organic phase change materials","authors":"Rocío Bayón,&nbsp;Redlich García-Rojas,&nbsp;Esther Rojas,&nbsp;Margarita M. Rodríguez-García","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13494-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13494-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, theoretical kinetic curves of both single- and multi-step reaction mechanisms were simulated by using different sets of kinetic parameters. Various isoconversional methods were applied for the kinetic analysis of these curves so that the corresponding activation energy vs. conversion degree curves were obtained and then compared with the energy values used in the simulations. For single-step reaction mechanisms Friedman method resulted to be the most accurate while for multi-step reaction mechanisms, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose and Coats–Redfern methods led to the most accurate estimation of the activation energy. On the other hand, conversion rate curves of different single-step reaction mechanisms were fitted with two kinds of peak functions (normalized Fraser–Suzuki and generalized logistic) so that the relationships between the parameters of these functions and the kinetic parameters used in the simulations were obtained. These relationships were then used in the mathematical deconvolution analysis of conversion rate curves simulated for multi-step reaction mechanisms. In general, the curves resulting from deconvolution fitted quite well the simulated conversion rate curves and the analysis of the resulting single-step reaction curves with Kissinger method led the kinetic parameters close to the ones used in the simulations. Finally, a similar kinetic analysis was applied to experimental thermogravimetric measurements taken both under N₂ and air for two phase change materials (PCMs) based on polyethylene glycol, PEG6000 and PEG12000. Activation energy values obtained with isoconversional methods for the measurements under N₂, varied from 40 kJ mol⁻¹ at low conversions up to 150 kJ mol⁻¹ at high conversions, whereas for the measurements under air the energy values remained almost constant in the range of 50–75 kJ mol⁻¹. The lower activation energies obtained for the measurements under air are clearly associated with the polymer combustion. The experimental conversion rate curves were deconvoluted with the most appropriate peak functions so that the possible single-step reaction mechanisms occurring in these PCMs were separated and further analyzed with Kissinger method. The activation energies obtained with this method were in good agreement with the values resulting from the isoconversional methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 23","pages":"13879 - 13899"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-024-13494-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the components and thermal hazard characteristics of traditional spark and cold light fireworks","authors":"Jia-Chi Ye,&nbsp;Shin-Mei Ouyang,&nbsp;Wei-Chun Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13678-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13678-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Taiwan’s pyrotechnics regulations cover nine categories, ranking spark-type fireworks as the third most substantial group. These fireworks, which are broadly used in festivals and public events, include professional stage pyrotechnics (cold light fireworks) and normal spark light fireworks, which share a similar discharge pattern. The difference lies in the temperature they generate when burning and the temperature required for ignition. Cold light fireworks generate an average of 201.49 °C, whereas normal spark light fireworks reach 503.38 °C. This temperature disparity results from the composition differences, with cold light fireworks containing nitrocellulose, which has higher energy and nitrating properties. Their average enthalpy (Δ<i>H</i>_d) is 2389.64 J g^‒1, compared to 567.42 J g^‒1 for normal spark light fireworks, raising safety concerns. The study used commercially available fireworks, minimising sample contamination by excluding certain fixtures. Thermal parameters and apparent activation energy were used by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis and the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Friedman, and ASTM E698 thermokinetic analysis revealed that the temperature of sparks of cold light fireworks appears harmless to the human body on the surface. The lower apparent activation energy and higher heat release show their potential harm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 22","pages":"12917 - 12928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal characteristics of Boger-micropolar tri-hybrid nanofluid magnetized squeezing flow within concentric parallel discs","authors":"Subhajit Panda,&nbsp;Rupa Baithalu,&nbsp;S. R. Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13629-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13629-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The flow of non-Newtonian Boger-micropolar fluid combined with tri-hybrid nanoparticles in the base fluid ethylene glycol under the influence of magnetic field is analysed in this discussion. The three-dimensional squeezing flow through two concentric parallel discs is considered. The interaction of thermal radiation with various thermophysical properties energies the flow phenomena significantly. The enhanced thermal characteristic is exhibited due to the implementation of viscosity, electrical and thermal conductivity based on the spherical, cylindrical, and platelet shape nanoparticles. The standard transformation rules are employed for the governing equations in dimensional forms to transform into non-dimensional and ordinary set of differential equations. The resulting partial differential equations are solved numerically by employing Runge–Kutta fourth-order technique, followed by shooting. Key findings show that the combined effects of nanoparticle concentration, micropolar parameters, and magnetic field intensity have a considerable impact on the hybrid nanofluid's effective assets. The effective features of various factors involved in the proposed model are deployed graphically, and the physical behaviour is illustrated briefly. However, the squeezing flow within concentric discs allows for the efficient heat management devices in a variety of industrial and biomedical areas. The primary findings indicate that fluid velocity is significantly affected by an increase in the micropolar parameter, which signifies the non-Newtonian attributes of the material. Furthermore, fluid transportation is hampered in both permeable and impermeable surface conditions by the resistance caused by the permeability of the porous matrix.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 22","pages":"13071 - 13080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the combined influence of microwave-enhanced alkali pretreatment and copyrolysis on characteristics of biochars produced by thermal and microwave pyrolysis","authors":"Remya Neelancherry,&nbsp;Prakash Binnal,&nbsp;N. Keerthi Kumar,&nbsp;Ranjeet Kumar Misra,&nbsp;N. R. Banapurmath,&nbsp;Ashok M. Sajjan,&nbsp;Irfan Anjum Badruddin,&nbsp;Sarfaraz Kamangar,&nbsp;Mohammed Alqahtani","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13587-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13587-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, a two-step process involving microwave-enhanced alkali pretreatment (MEAP) of rice husk followed by the copyrolysis of pretreated rice husk with LDPE was adopted to produce biochars in conventional electrically heated pyrolyzer (CPR) and microwave pyrolyzer (MWPR). Proximate and ultimate analysis revealed that biochar produced in MWPR exhibited higher fixed carbon (73.36%), lower volatile matter (8.45%), lower ash yield (17.41%), higher-carbon content (73.57%) and lower H/C and O/C ratios (0.19 and 0.12, respectively), as compared to biochar produced in CPR. BET analysis indicated that the surface area and total pore volume were significantly higher for biochar produced under microwave irradiation (1280.31 m² g⁻¹ and 0.41 cc g⁻¹), as compared to biochar produced in CPR (470.25 m²\u0000g⁻¹ and 0.12 cc g⁻¹). The XRD analysis showed that the biochar produced in MWPR exhibited two peaks at 26° (JCPDS No. 41-1487) and 43° (JCPDS Card No. 75-1621), thus closely resembling the reduced graphene oxide. Furthermore, uniform and cleaner pores were observed for MWPR chars in contrast with heterogeneous surface and blocked pores for CPR chars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 21","pages":"12011 - 12023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of thermal behavior and crystallization kinetics of glass microspheres in the Y3Al5O12-Al2O3 system","authors":"Alena Akusevich,&nbsp;Beáta Pecušová,&nbsp;Anna Prnová,&nbsp;Jana Valúchová,&nbsp;Ivana Parchovianská,&nbsp;Milan Parchovianský,&nbsp;Monika Michálková,&nbsp;Peter Švančárek,&nbsp;Róbert Klement","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13567-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13567-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Five types of glass microspheres with alumina and 40–80 mol.% Y₃Al₅O₁₂ were prepared using solgel Pechini and flame synthesis techniques. Glass thermal behavior was analyzed using DSC/TG, XRD and SEM, and the JMAK model was applied to study crystallization kinetics and determine prevailing mechanisms. All samples, except the one with 80 mol.% YAG, had two exothermic effects in their DSC curves. The first appeared between 937 and 950 °C, while the second was observed between 958 and 1102 °C. XRD analysis of crystallized microspheres confirmed the presence of YAG and various forms of alumina phases in the samples with lower YAG/higher Al₂O₃ content (40 and 50 mol.%). The sample with the highest YAG content showed the strongest tendency to crystallize in the kinetics study. The value of apparent activation energy (<i>E</i>_app) of this sample was 987.3 ± 13.0 kJ mol⁻¹. For the remaining samples, the values of <i>E</i>_app were higher and ranged from 1215.1 ± 10.6 to 1847.5 ± 9.3 kJ mol⁻¹, indicating the lowest ability of these compositions to crystallization. The growth of three-dimensional (3-D) YAG crystals was predominant in glasses with the highest (80 mol.%) YAG content. One-dimensional (1-D) growth of <i>γ</i>-Al₂O₃ crystals and 3-D growth of YAG crystals was predominant in glasses with the lowest (40 mol.%) YAG content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 19","pages":"10999 - 11012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-024-13567-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of cold storage system in existence of nanomaterial using Galerkin technique","authors":"Mohammed N. Ajour,&nbsp;Ali Basem,&nbsp;Hussein A. Z. AL-bonsrulah,&nbsp;Ahmad H. Milyani,&nbsp;Moath K. Khaled,&nbsp;Sherain M. Y. Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13604-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13604-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces an innovative design for cold storage containers featuring wavy outer walls and integrated fins to intensify the diffusion of cold energy throughout the system. The inclusion of fins significantly improves the productivity of the freezing by allowing cold energy to distribute more evenly and rapidly within the storage medium. A secondary method employed to accelerate freezing involves the use of copper oxide nanoparticles, which are dispersed in water. To ensure the validity of the single-phase approximation, the concentration of nanoparticles (ϕ) is kept below 0.045. The study also explores the impact of nanoparticle shape on the material properties, with a focus on two different shapes—blade and cylindrical—and varying the shape factor (m) to assess their influence on freezing efficiency. An implicit modeling technique is employed, utilizing the adaptive mesh. This approach enhances the accuracy of the simulation, with validation results demonstrating strong agreement with expected outcomes. The findings reveal that the introduction of CuO nano-powders can significantly decline the completion time. Specifically, the fastest freezing time achieved was 163.79 s, representing a 27.29% improvement compared to the baseline scenario without additives, where freezing was completed in approximately 225.27 s. Moreover, altering the shape of the nanoparticles further enhances the freezing rate, with blade-shaped particles reducing the freezing time by an additional 6.97% compared to cylindrical particles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 22","pages":"13161 - 13173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free convective flow of micropolar nanofluid over a heated stretching sheet with the impact of dissipative heat and binary chemical reactions","authors":"Krushna K. P. N. Nayak,&nbsp;A. K. Dash,&nbsp;S. R. Mishra,&nbsp;Subhajit Panda","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13632-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13632-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancing the design and performance of several industrial processes, such as heat exchangers, combustion systems, and chemical reactors, depends heavily on the effects of binary chemical reactions on heat transfer phenomena. The free convective hydromagnetic micropolar fluid moving over a stretching sheet is investigated in this work. The combined action of dissipation and bilateral reaction enhances the flow phenomenon. The implications of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and joule heating are included in the mathematical model. The proposed problem generates a system of nonlinear partial differential equations, which are then converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The Runge–Kutta fourth-order approach combined with the Shooting scheme is used to solve these modified ODEs. Various contributing factors were analysed and illustrated through the use of graphic representations. The primary conclusions are: the non-Newtonian micropolar parameter exhibits more notable features in comparison to its Newtonian. Thermal radiation accelerates heat transport, but the magnetic parameter decelerates it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 22","pages":"13255 - 13265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142736984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing work of finite-potential-reservoir isothermal-chemical-engines with generalized models of bypass-mass-leakage and mass-resistance","authors":"Lingen Chen,&nbsp;Shaojun Xia,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Shi","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13603-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13603-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Finite-potential-source (FPS) is a feature of isothermal-chemical-engine (ICE) cycle. Model of irreversible FPS iICE with generalized models of bypass-mass-leakage (BML) and mass-resistance is built. Mathematical conditions corresponding to maximum-work-output (MWO) of ICE are deduced using averaged-optimal-control method. Effects of FPS potential capacity characteristic, BML and mass-transfer laws on optimal-cycle-configurations (OCCs) are analyzed. Results obtained include eight special cases, and indicate that: Key component potential-difference between FPS and working-fluid is a constant with MWO objective for endoreversible FPS ICE with linear mass-transfer law (MTL); Ratio of square of difference of concentration of key-component (CKC) between FPS and working-fluid of ICE to CKC in working-fluid is constant with MWO objective for endoreversible FPS ICE with Fick’s diffusive MTL; Optimal CKC relations between FPS and working-fluid with MWO objective for irreversible FPS ICE with BML and mass-resistance are different from those with MWO objective for endoreversible FPS ICE with mass-resistance significantly; Optimal power-second law efficiency relation curves for endoreversible FPS and infinite-potential-source ICEs with mass-resistance are parabolic-type ones, while those for irreversible FPS and infinite-potential-source ICEs with BML and mass-resistance are loop-shaped ones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 21","pages":"11817 - 11825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical modelling of transient conduction heat transfer in tubes for industrial applications","authors":"Yanan Camaraza-Medina","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13635-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13635-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, analytical solutions for six different contour conditions are given to calculate the heat transfer by unsteady conduction in pipes with convection. The analytical models are valid for a diameter ratio <span>({R}_{text{I}}/{R}_{text{E}})</span> from 0.1 to 0.9, dimensionless Biot (Bi) and Fourier (Fo) numbers, from 0.001 to 50 and 0.01 to 50, respectively. In determining the analytical solutions, the cylindrical functions of Bessel and Neumann were implemented. Using 864 combination values<span>({R}_{text{I}}/{R}_{text{E}} ;Bi ;Fo)</span>, the dimensionless temperature distributions were calculated using the corresponding analytical solution and Heisler’s approximate method (HAM). In the comparison made between the analytical solutions and HAM, was verified in 5184 tests carried out that the HAM correlates with the analytical solutions on average, finding an average deviation of ± 10% and ± 20% for 73.2% and 92.1% of the points evaluated. The best fit was found for Case 5, with a mean deviation of ± 10% and ± 20% for 80.2% and 95.5% of the data used, respectively, while the weaker fit was detected for the Case 2 with a mean deviation of ± 10% and ± 20% for 69.7% and 89.8% of the data used.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"149 23","pages":"13981 - 13992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}