{"title":"Recent studies of thermal analysis and calorimetry in Central and Eastern Europe","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10973-025-14089-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-025-14089-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 2","pages":"837 - 840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed El Hadi Attia, Abd Elnaby Kabeel, Abdelkrim Khelifa, Moataz M. Abdel-Aziz, Ravishankar Sathyamurthy, Wael M. El-Maghlany
{"title":"Optimal air cooling gap width at the top of the PVT: thermal and electrical efficiency analysis","authors":"Mohammed El Hadi Attia, Abd Elnaby Kabeel, Abdelkrim Khelifa, Moataz M. Abdel-Aziz, Ravishankar Sathyamurthy, Wael M. El-Maghlany","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13882-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13882-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One way to address the issue of high cell temperature is to cool solar panels. Thus, it is suggested to cool the system from the top of the photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) module in this numerical study utilising commercial CFD code analysis and determining the ideal cooling gap width. Consequently, a 1–10-cm gap is used to cool the PV module. In this study, air is used at a normal flow rate. The objective is to determine the ideal cooling gap width to enhance the PVT module's electrical and thermal efficiency. The impact of photovoltaic panels operating at high temperatures and solar radiation levels (ranging from 300 to 1000 W m<sup>−2</sup>), thermal puissance, and thermal efficiency is assessed. The collected findings indicated that for the air cooling test, the ideal gap width is 5 cm. The system's thermal efficiency is in the presence of solar radiation of 1000 W m<sup>−2</sup>, with rates of 25.05% at a 5-cm air gap. The thermal puissance under solar radiation of 1000 W m<sup>−2</sup> was at a rate of 162.31 W with an air gap width of 5 cm. It is shown that the PVT system's 5-cm-wide gap successfully preserves the system's maximum levels of electrical and thermal efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"2047 - 2058"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruslan N. Nagrimanov, Aizat A. Samatov, Roman A. Babkin, Dmitrii N. Bolmatenkov, Rezeda L. Sibgatullina, Sergey P. Verevkin
{"title":"Thermodynamic insights into the odour intensity of terpenols","authors":"Ruslan N. Nagrimanov, Aizat A. Samatov, Roman A. Babkin, Dmitrii N. Bolmatenkov, Rezeda L. Sibgatullina, Sergey P. Verevkin","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13819-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13819-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Terpenols are flavourings that are frequently used in perfumery. Choosing the optimal perfume composition is no easy task, as the perception of fragrances is subjective and can vary greatly from person to person due to sensory and chemical differences in the human olfactory system. Thermodynamics can essentially contribute to the rational design of the perfume composition. The absolute vapour pressure as a fundamental thermodynamic property is directly related to the intensity of the odour. In this work, a set of reliable vapour pressures, enthalpies of vaporisation, enthalpies of sublimation and enthalpies of fusion for nine terpenols was evaluated with help of complementary measurements and empirical structure–property correlations and recommended for thermodynamic calculations for various processes involving the terpenols. The evaluated vapour pressures and the calculated activity coefficients of the terpenols in the standardised aqueous-ethanolic mixture were used to determine the odour indices that quantify the odour intensity.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"2099 - 2118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A detailed performance assessment of Al2O3-SiO2-B mono and binary nanolubricants used in vapor compression refrigeration system","authors":"Gökhan Yıldız","doi":"10.1007/s10973-025-14033-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-025-14033-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The world’s energy needs have become important in the last decades. However, energy consumption in developed countries is increasing every year. Around 40% of the world’s energy consumption comes from buildings. The majority of this rate is due to the energy consumed by heating, cooling, and air conditioning systems. Many detailed studies have been conducted on energy efficiency in these systems where energy consumption is so high. Small improvements in these systems would lead to large energy savings on a global scale. When heating, cooling, and air conditioning systems are examined in detail, compressors consume the largest energy consumption. Interventions that affect compressor performance will yield results that are more positive. The performances of mono and binary nanolubricants acquired from various nanoparticles (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2,</sub> and B) used in different fractions (0.5 mass% and 1 mass%) in the vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) were evaluated in this study. As a result, a 14.81% increase in the COP of the system was obtained in 1 mass% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> binary nanolubricant compared to POE. The compressor’s energy consumption in the experimental system decreased by 19.53% with 1 mass% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> binary nanolubricant referred to POE. An improvement of 13.58% was achieved in 1 mass% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> binary nanolubricant when the exergy efficiency of the VCRS was referred with POE. The best exergoeconomic performance was seen in 1% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> binary nanolubricant with 13.22% increase compared to POE. The best environmental performance was acquired with 19.53% reduction in 1 mass% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> binary nanolubricant. Consequently, the binary nanoparticle positively affects the VCRS performance in many aspects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"2223 - 2235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-025-14033-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Y. Rafiq, Z. Abbas, M. S. Arslan, J. Hasnain, N. Rangra
{"title":"Influence of nanoparticles and slip constraints on convective flow over a rotating cone with thermal radiation and porous media: insights into industrial cooling systems","authors":"M. Y. Rafiq, Z. Abbas, M. S. Arslan, J. Hasnain, N. Rangra","doi":"10.1007/s10973-025-14027-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-025-14027-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the influence of thermal radiation and slip constraints on the convective flow of an electrical conducting nanofluid over a porous rotating cone. The thermal behavior is analyzed at the molecular level focusing on nanoparticles such as copper–water nanofluid. The geometry is examined in two phases: Phase I considers linear surface temperature (LST), while phase II focuses on linear surface heat flux (LSHF) within a convective nanofluid framework. Using similarity variables, the governing equations are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved using the homotopy analysis method (HAM) and the convergence-accelerated decomposition method (CADM). The impacts of various physical parameters on velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt number are discussed through graphs and tabular form. The study demonstrates that tangential velocity and temperature profiles enhance with an increase in the thermal radiation parameter. Moreover, the slip parameter is found to reduce skin friction, while the Nusselt number shows an improvement. The flow behavior generated by the rotating cone is further depicted through streamlined patterns. The current study results align closely with existing literature and establish good agreement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"1719 - 1730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis and prediction of combustion characteristics of co-combustion of coal and biomass (straw, sludge and herb residue)","authors":"Ming Lei, Hui Han, Xi Tian, Lei Zhang, Qian Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13959-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13959-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To realize the effective utilization of biomass resources, the combustion characteristics of straw, sludge, herb residue, lean coal and their mixture under different blending rates were studied. Thermogravimetric analysis experiments were conducted to analyze the combustion performances and the synergistic effects of coal and biomass. Based on the artificial neural network (ANN) model, the thermogravimetric profile of the sample was established. The results show that all samples burn out before 800 °C. The blending of biomass can lower the ignition temperature and improve the ignition characteristics of pulverized coal. In the combustion process, there is the interaction between biomass and coal. With increasing the biomass blending ratio, the inhibition impact in the combustion stage of volatile matter is enhanced, while the inhibition impact in the burning stage of fixed carbon is weakened, and finally a synergistic effect promotes the combustion process. ANN45 is considered the optimal model to predict coal and biomass co-combustion, and its RMSE, MAE and <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> are 0.3040, 0.2233 and 0.9999, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"1741 - 1755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zafar Mahmood, Khadija Rafique, Adnan, Assmaa Abd-Elmonem, Umar Khan, Taseer Muhammad
{"title":"Computational analysis for transport properties of γ-Al2O3 with different base fluids over rotating sphere with viscous dissipation and porous media","authors":"Zafar Mahmood, Khadija Rafique, Adnan, Assmaa Abd-Elmonem, Umar Khan, Taseer Muhammad","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13902-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13902-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoparticles have the ability to augment heat transmission in the boundary layer flow zone. While dealing with momentum and thermal boundary layers, the Prandtl number is very important. Considering this, this article is the first to examine the consequence of an effective Prandtl number model on the nanoboundary layer, unsteady and laminar stagnation point flow of incompressible <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{text{H}}_{2}text{O})</span> and <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{{text{C}}_{2}text{H}}_{6}text{O}_{2})</span> nanofluids across a spinning sphere with mass suction, MHD, viscous dissipation, heat absorption, and porous media. In MATHEMATICA, the shooting technique and the fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK-IV) method are used to numerically solve the nonlinear governing equations of the boundary layer. For both the with and without effective Prandtl number scenarios, visualizations show the numerical findings for the velocity, temperature profile, skin friction coefficient, and decreased Nusselt number. It has been shown that the temperature of nanofluids increases with the rising volume fraction of <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3})</span> nanoparticles, both when the effective Prandtl number is present and when it is not. <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{text{H}}_{2}text{O})</span> has a greater temperature profile than <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{{text{C}}_{2}text{H}}_{6}text{O}_{2})</span>. <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{{text{C}}_{2}text{H}}_{6}text{O}_{2})</span> has a greater heat transfer rate than <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{text{H}}_{2}text{O})</span>. If there is no effective Prandtl number, the Nusselt number decreases by 2.76% when the <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{text{H}}_{2}text{O})</span> nanofluid (<span>(phi)</span>) rises from 0.01 to 0.04 and <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{{text{C}}_{2}text{H}}_{6}text{O}_{2})</span> decreases by 1.37%. The Nusselt number rises by 2.29% for <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{text{H}}_{2}text{O})</span> and 6.37% for <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3}/{{text{C}}_{2}text{H}}_{6}text{O}_{2},)</span> when the effective Prandtl number is included, as <span>(phi)</span> grows from 0.01 to 0.04. <span>(gamma{text{-Al}}_{2}{text{O}}_{3})</span> nanofluids may serve as a cooling medium in medical therapies like hyperthermia, which involves targeted heating to treat cancer, in order to safeguard adjacent healthy tissues. The study's findings on heat transmission qualities and the influence of magnetic fields may provide guidance for the improvement in hyperthermia equipment in terms of safety and effectiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"2059 - 2077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A critical discussion of modelling, performance assessment, and design recommendations-based case study of solar dish Stirling system","authors":"Qusai Alkhalaf, Raj Kumar, Amar Raj Singh Suri, Sashank Thapa, Daeho Lee, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Ümit Ağbulut","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13879-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13879-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar dish Stirling system (SDSS) has generated power in rural, urban, and isolated places. Its performance is affected by weather, irradiance, wind speed, dish diameter, receiver diameter, and type of Stirling engine (SE). The modelling and design changes enhance the SDSS performance. This study covers SDSS performance optimization, design recommendations, and case analysis. The study encompasses a review of investigations of SDSS in several nations and SDSS facilities with wide examination in several domains such as solar power plants, hybridization and storage, micro-co-generation, water desalination, and solar cookery. This paper provides detailed information on SDSS performance improvement modelling and design adjustments. Reviewing the modelling and design modification studies, important findings are presented, and optimum design parameter values at specific sites are offered. The range of output power in the reviewed literature varies from 0.103 kW to 58 kW, and the overall efficiency of the system (<i>η</i><sub>System</sub>) is between 10.41% and 25%. The current work has the study of SDSS modelling applied to a case study in Solan City (India), based upon which optimum design recommendations and direction of future research are suggested. The study estimates SDSS’s maximum efficiency and output power as 26.17% and 40.43 kW, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"1999 - 2023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of silver nanofluid modifications on heat pipe thermal performance","authors":"Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy, Deepika Gabiriel, Wasurat Bunpheng, Chan Choon Kit","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13836-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13836-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates thermal performance enhancement in heat pipes using surface-modified silver nanofluids, addressing the limitations of traditional working fluids in thermal conductivity and heat transfer. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of surface-modified silver nanofluids on the thermal performance of heat pipes. While previous research has explored the use of nanofluids to enhance thermal conductivity, this study introduces a novel approach by utilizing three distinct surface modifications: branched polyethyleneimine, methoxy polyethylene glycol 5 kDa, and aminated silica shells. The innovative combination of a silver core with these specific surface modifications, particularly the aminated silica shell, represents a significant advancement in the field, leading to unprecedented enhancements in thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, and heat transfer rates. Characterization was performed using transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis. Thermal performance was evaluated in a custom-designed heat pipe system, and the key results showed that silica-shelled nanofluids exhibited the highest thermal conductivity, increasing by 10%, and the lowest thermal resistance, reducing by 35%. These nanofluids also achieved the highest heat transfer coefficients, improving by 25%, and the highest heat transfer rates increased by 30%. Conclusions indicate that surface modifications significantly enhance the thermal properties of nanofluids, making them suitable for advanced thermal management applications. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive analysis, revealing that aminated silica shells provide superior thermal performance. This study quantitatively demonstrates specific improvements in thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, heat transfer coefficients, and rates, suggesting that surface-modified nanofluids can significantly enhance the performance of thermal systems such as heat pipes and cooling systems, offering substantial benefits in various engineering applications. This research addresses the critical gap in understanding how surface modifications influence nanofluid stability and performance, offering new insights into optimizing heat transfer fluids for advanced thermal management systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"2079 - 2098"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mustafa Kamal, Farhan Ali, Naveed Khan, M. Faizan, Nadeem Gul, Taseer Muhammad, Nidhal Becheikh, Maher Alwuthaynani, Zubair Ahmad, Lioua Kolsi
{"title":"Second law analysis of two phase Maxwell mixed convective nanofluid using Marangoni flow and gyrotactic microorganism framed by rotating disk","authors":"Mustafa Kamal, Farhan Ali, Naveed Khan, M. Faizan, Nadeem Gul, Taseer Muhammad, Nidhal Becheikh, Maher Alwuthaynani, Zubair Ahmad, Lioua Kolsi","doi":"10.1007/s10973-024-13792-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10973-024-13792-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study scrutinizes the second law analysis in a mixed convective Maxwell fluid subject to the Marangoni flow with heat transport of nanofluid past a heated rotating disk in the presence of bioconvection. The energy equation has added the radiation and heat source/sink terms. A chemical reaction is taken into consideration when investigating mass transport. The model equations in the system of PDE’s are transformed into ODE’s through suitable transformation. The Homotopy analysis method and NDsolve are examined to solve the ODE’s. The influences of various dimensionless variables on Bejan number, entropy generation, microorganism density, concentration, thermal distribution and velocity profile are inspected through appropriate graphs. The local Nusselt number, density of motile microorganisms, and Sherwood number are computed both numerically and graphically to establish correlations based on the pertinent key parameters. The results show that the velocity enhanced as the larger value of the mixed convective and Marangoni flow variable. In addition, Brikmann number boosts the entropy generation and Bejan number for the rotating disk. This discovery has implications for innovative bio-chromatography, food processing, membrane oxygenators and bio-chromatography.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","volume":"150 3","pages":"1947 - 1966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}