{"title":"Nanogap Device Engineering for Electrical Characterisation of Molecular Components","authors":"E. Ore","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265609","url":null,"abstract":"For the development of molecular electronics, it is essential to measure the electrical characteristics of individual molecular components -without altering their structures. This -work concerns engineering nanogap devices that are suitable for electrical characterisation of sub-10 nm molecular components. The fabrication process involves embedding a thin layer of AlAs between two thick layers of Gads layers by molecular beam epitaxy that controls the primary nanogap width. Mesas separated by trenches are patterned by reactive ion-beam etching. The mesa sidewallsform the active regions, -where some of the AlAs layer is selectively etched by hydrofluoric acid, resulting in identical shadow cleavages. Nanogap devices are constructed by thermally evaporating thin layers of NiCr/Au crossing the etched mesa cleavages. The nanogap devices are used for electrical characterisation of 7 nm wide CdSe nanocrystals, and negative differential resistance behaviour is observed.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82410468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A wireless self-powered glucose monitoring biosystem","authors":"A. Baingane, G. Slaughter","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265568","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we report a novel self-powered glucose monitoring biosystem constructed using a hybrid biofuel cell consisting of colloidal platinum coated gold microwire (Au-co-Pt) as the anode and the biocathode consists of a network of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) immobilized with bilirubin oxidase. The hybrid system displayed a linear correlation (r2 = 0.992) in the presence of glucose concentration ranging from 2 mM to 54 mM. A sensitivity of 1.5 μA mM−1 was achieved. A charge pump circuit consisting of a blinking LED was connected to the biofuel cell. The blinking frequency of the LED corresponds to the glucose concentration. An android mobile phone camera application was used to measure the LED blinking frequency which was in turn converted into the glucose concentration readings using image processing and MATLAB. This enables the end user to be notified via text message.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"533-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89572170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review of Nanofluids Synthesis for Oil and Gas Applications","authors":"Surupa Shaw","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265611","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive review was performed on various aspects of nanofluids technology (including synthesis and materials characterization) with a focus on identification of applications in the oil and gas industry. Well-established and intuitive material properties of the bulk material do not hold at the nanoscale. The high surface area to volume ratio of nanoparticles result in counter-intuitive property enhancements in comparison to their bulk counterparts. Stable suspensions of nanoparticles in various solvents is termed as nanofluid. The material properties of nanoparticles can be tuned. As a result, nanofluids can be synthesized with tunable material properties that are responsive to external stimuli (\"smart fluids\"). This makes these materials attractive targets for deployment in various segments of the oil and gas industry. Nanofluids and nano-composites confer several advantages: such as enhanced strength, enhanced thermal conductivity, enhanced heat transfer area, enhanced oil recovery, enhanced magnetic properties, light-weight, resistance to corrosion, erosion, wear and tear. These afford various unconventional applications of nanofluids in the oil and gas industry. This provides an excellent value proposition for researching their synthesis methods and their working mechanisms. Nanofluids are synthesized by adding very minute concentrations of nanoparticles in the base fluid, leading to the formation of a colloidal suspension that is superior in the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties as compared to the base fluid (neat solvent). In this review the synthesis protocols reported in the literature are explored to ascertain their competitiveness for the oil and gas industry. Nanofluids were found to be attractive for applications ranging from exploration, drilling, and production.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"455-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91018976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization and Characterization of Laser-Induced Graphene Electrodes for Chemical Fuel Cell to Realize a Microfluidic Platform","authors":"L. Rao, S. Dubey, A. Javed, S. Goel","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265551","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced graphene (LIG) gained significant attention in numerous versatile applications such as energy harvesting, storage, portable power, and flexible electronic applications. While harnessing LIG as an electrode material for energy harvesting, the LIG electrodes are fabricated by CO2 laser on polyimide films. In this work, the design of a miniaturized fuel cell, with integrated MWCNT coated LIG electrodes, has been presented. Here, Formic acid acts as fuel, and Sulphuric acid acts as an electrolyte for the proposed fuel cell. Rigorous investigations have been performed to enhance the performance of fuel cell with optimization of parameters such as catalyst, electrode types, the concentration of fuel and electrolyte solutions, etc. The platform is able to generate an optimum current density as 82.27 μA/cm2, and power density as 2.54 μW/cm2, at a stable OCP of 110 mV, while MWCNT/LIG is used as electrodes (anode and cathode). Such LIG electrodes have numerous advantages including low cost (≤$1), higher efficient, ease of fabrication, flexibility, and ease of application. The present investigation will help to design an ideal microfluidic fuel cell with enhanced performance for energy harvesting.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"9 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76175765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Venkata Dinesh Avvari, R. Olejník, Romana Daňová, J. Matyáš, P. Slobodian, M. Adamek, D. Kimmer
{"title":"Poly (vinylidene fluoride) Electrospun Non-Woven Nanofibers based Piezoelectric Nanogenerator","authors":"Venkata Dinesh Avvari, R. Olejník, Romana Daňová, J. Matyáš, P. Slobodian, M. Adamek, D. Kimmer","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265569","url":null,"abstract":"PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and its copolymers are the most promising piezoelectric polymers in sensors, actuators, and energy harvesting, owing to a repetitive structure - [CH2 — CF2]n - and 50% crystalline. In the present study, we examined the influence of multi-jet (32 jets) electrospinning with a randomized approach focused on three variables, which are feeding rate, the voltage applied, and tip-to-collector distance. Furthermore, the effect of single and double layer piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) was demonstrated under the pendulum impact loadings. The prepared nanofiber structures were characterized using FE-SEM, FTIR, and XRD. Outcomes from the morphological analysis appeared that the spinning parameter, the tip-to-collector distance, plays a crucial role in the formation of beads free with uniform distribution of nanofibers and β-phase formation. The fabricated PENG was able to generate a maximum open-circuit output of 24 V at 2.5 N from 50 μm thick nanofiber web under a single impact. In this way, the output voltage generated is sufficient for the operation of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), low-power electronics and energy harvesting.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"500-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76507305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of an All-Polyimide Flexible Airflow Sensor for Flow-Velocity and Flow-Direction Sensing","authors":"Dawei Shen, Qipei He, Zhiqiang Ma, Yonggang Jiang","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265571","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we developed an all-polyimide flexible airflow sensor, which consisted of four hair-like curved polyimide (PI) cantilever beams arranged in a cross-form configuration and graphene/polyimide (Gr/PI) nanocomposite-based piezoresistors. Electrical breakdown process was applied to fabricate the Gr/PI nanocomposite-based piezoresistors . As airflow travels through the cross-form configuration hair-like curved cantilevers, the cantilever beams will be deformed, which leads to a corresponding change in the resistances of the piezoresistors. As the hair-like airflow sensor is fully flexible, it can fit on curved surfaces. To compensate the ambient temperature fluctuation on the measurement accuracy of flow velocity, a temperature sensor is integrated nearby the cantilevers. The sensor is designed to have the ability of measuring both the flow velocity and flow direction, which is very crucial to many practical applications.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"139-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79563763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kuis, Md Qumrul Hasan, A. Baingane, G. Slaughter
{"title":"Comparison of chitosan and nafion-chitosan coated bioelectrodes in enzymatic glncose biofnel cells","authors":"R. Kuis, Md Qumrul Hasan, A. Baingane, G. Slaughter","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265595","url":null,"abstract":"Here we evaluated the performance of enzymatic glucose biofuel cells. The significance of bioelectrodes employed in biofuel cell design is highly dependent on the effective immobilization of enzyme to enable the enzyme to present an orientation that is favorable for direct electron transfer (DET) from the active center of the enzyme to the final current collector. We examined chitosan and nafion-chitosan based coatings on immobilized pyrroloquinoline quinone dependent glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) as anodic and cathodic enzymes, respectively. The enzymes were immobilized on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The performance of the assembled biofuel cells exhibited interesting operational stability. Operating under DET, the biofuel cell with bioelectrodes coated with chitosan produced the highest power (156 μW) output. PQQ-GDH bioanodes with various enzyme concentrations were evaluated to access their performance and stability. The bioanode with 2.5 mg/ml immobilized PQQ-GDH demonstrated long term stability and generated a maximum power density of 1.6 mW/cm2 in the fuel cell assembly when compared to higher enzyme load concentration (≥ 5 mg/ml PQQ-GDH).","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"42 1","pages":"416-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78501950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NEMS 2020 Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/nems50311.2020.9265558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nems50311.2020.9265558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80165672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Xu, Hadi Tavakkoli, Jingting Xu, Yi-Kuen Lee
{"title":"A Low-drift Extended-Gate Field Effect Transistor (EGFET) with Differential Amplifier for Cordyceps Sinensis DNA Detection Optimized by gm/ID Theory","authors":"Yifan Xu, Hadi Tavakkoli, Jingting Xu, Yi-Kuen Lee","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265621","url":null,"abstract":"An extended-gate field effect transistor (EGFET) integrated with a differential MOSFET amplifier and an open-source Arduino Yun MCU system was realized for detection of Cordyceps Sinensis DNA molecules. A gold microelectrode chip coated with a single-stranded DNA probe, as the extended gate was fabricated by MEMS fabrication processes. The differential MOSFET amplifier and additional coating of alkyl-thiol reduced the drifting by one order of magnitude. Moreover, generalized gm/ID theory was used to study the optimized working regime of the EGFET sensor. The highest electric-electrochemical sensitivity could be achieved in the Moderate Inversion (MI) regime. The sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of the EGFET sensor were obtained to be 13.85mV/dec and 10nM, respectively. This low-cost low-drift EGFET sensor system is promising for Internet of Living Things in the near future.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"23 1","pages":"398-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78520814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romana Daňová, Venkata Dinesh Avvari, R. Olejník, P. Slobodian, J. Matyáš, D. Kimmer
{"title":"Enhanced PVDF Electrospun Nanofiber Capacitive Pressure Sensor for Wearable Electronic","authors":"Romana Daňová, Venkata Dinesh Avvari, R. Olejník, P. Slobodian, J. Matyáš, D. Kimmer","doi":"10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS50311.2020.9265563","url":null,"abstract":"Two different types of nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning, namely poly-(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF and PVDF/TiO2. The prepared nanofibers have piezoelectric properties, which are characterized by the content of ß-phase. Another way to improve the piezoelectric properties is to use TiO2 nanoparticles, which increases the piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric effect is strongly connected with capacitive properties which was investigated in this work. Capacitive sensor with a sandwich structure consisting of EVA foam as a cover, conductive copper fabric and nanofibers was prepared. The sensor is light-weight, flexible with the possibility of using for wearable electronics. We can therefore determine the maximum pressure at individual points of the foot, the course of its values, the method of pressure distribution throughout the foot. We can find use not only in research on walking, running and postures, but also, provide information on the magnitude of the applied force over time. The force converted to the selected sensor area is then pressure information.","PeriodicalId":6787,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular System (NEMS)","volume":"23 1","pages":"115-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88681145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}