Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Beidellite/montmorillonite-phosphorus-based dendrimer organoclays: structural features and chromate interaction analysis","authors":"Mohamed Hajjaji,&nbsp;Abdellah Beraa,&nbsp;Régis Laurent,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Caminade","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06662-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06662-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Organoclays are promising materials for pollutant retention, medicinal applications, and catalysis, making them an intriguing research topic. In this study, beidellite/montmorillonite and phosphorus-based dendrimer organoclays were prepared, and their microstructure was examined using X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The study also investigated the dynamic and equilibrium adsorption of chromate onto these organoclays within a temperature range of 298–318 °C. It was found that the formation of organoclays involved the substitution of Na+ ions with dendrimers, and the structural configuration depended on the dendrimer size. Additionally, chromate retention by the organoclays occurred rapidly, with the kinetics data fitting well to the pseudo-second-order chemisorption kinetic rate equation. The adsorption kinetics were controlled by intragranular diffusion (diffusion coefficient ranging from 0.007 to 0.018 mmol.g⁻¹) and external diffusion (diffusion coefficient ranging from 0.011 to 0.06 min⁻¹). Thermodynamic data and adsorption isotherms modeling showed that chromate adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic, and the isotherms fitted well to the Temkin model. Chromate binding to the organoclay involved protonated amino groups of the dendrimer (first-generation), with an adsorption capacity of 15 mg of chromate per gram, slightly exceeding that of some other organoclays.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"296 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyimide nanofiber aerogel with hierarchical porosity: a novel platform in high-temperature oil absorption","authors":"Lidong Tian,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Yibin Liu,&nbsp;Shan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06694-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06694-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of advanced oil sorbents with superior thermal stability, high adsorption capacity, and excellent reusability is crucial for addressing hot oil leakage challenges, particularly in the petrochemical and machinery industries. This study presents a novel polyimide (PI) nanofiber aerogel (PIF-a) designed for high-temperature oil absorption. Utilizing electrospinning and post-treatment, PIF-a exhibits a hierarchical pore structure, ultralow density, and remarkable flexibility. At room temperature, PIF-a demonstrates an oil adsorption capacity of 83.1 g/g, surpassing conventional materials. Notably, PIF-a retains structural integrity up to 250 °C, with a hot oil adsorption capacity of 78.6 g/g at 200 °C. Despite repeated adsorption-desorption cycles, PIF-a’s capacity remains stable, retaining over 90% of its initial performance. This breakthrough material, with its exceptional thermal stability, rapid adsorption kinetics, and durable reusability, represents a significant advancement in high-temperature oil absorption technology, broadening the application potential of nanofiber-based materials in addressing environmental oil spill emergencies.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"287 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: modified sol-gel synthesis, multifunctional properties, and cytotoxicity evaluation","authors":"V. S. Sharon,&nbsp;V. K. Haripriya,&nbsp;Swapna S. Nair,&nbsp;E. Veena Gopalan,&nbsp;Aneesh George,&nbsp;K. A. Malini","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06689-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06689-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work explores physical characteristics of zinc doped cobalt ferrite nanostructures. Co_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄(x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1) nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method. The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data confirms the cubic spinel structure of the ferrite phase in the Fd-3m space group. The crystallite size of the sample varies between 52–16 nm, and an increase in lattice parameter is noticed with zinc doping. The X-ray densities are also calculated. It is discovered that when zinc concentration rises, size falls, dislocation density rises, and packing factor decreases. At varying Zn ion concentrations, the tolerance factor (T) for Co_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄ ferrites is around 1, indicating the cubic spinel structure of ferrites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX) were used for morphological and elemental composition studies of the synthesized samples. Frequency-dependent dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and ac conductivity have been investigated. The dielectric constant values were found to be in the range of high dielectric constant, so these materials were the promising candidates for technological applications such as gate dielectrics, capacitor dielectrics, and epitaxial dielectrics, etc. The bandgap energy calculated from UV-Visible analysis increases with zinc ion concentration (2.95–4.33 eV). The zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with tunable bandgap as well as dielectric properties can be easily prepared by the modified sol-gel method. In the present study, significant cytotoxicity was exhibited by the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. The magnetic hysteresis (M-H) loops study shows the ferromagnetic nature of all the samples. The maximum saturation value M_S was obtained for Co_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄ sample which is 73.72 emu/g. The value of the remanent magnetization and coercive field of Co_0.3Zn_0.7Fe₂O₄ and ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles indicate its superparamagnetic nature.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"169 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver nanoparticles functionalized calcite fibers derived from eggshell waste: a sustainable nanocomposite for microbial applications","authors":"Shumaila Islam,&nbsp;Adil Alshoaibi,&nbsp;Nisrin Alnaim,&nbsp;Haifa M. Al Naim","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06692-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06692-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eggshells (ES) waste is produced in large quantities globally due to their rising consumption. The poor management of these wastes poses serious environmental risks and public health. Owing to antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterium <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (SA) and <i>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA), eggshell (ES) derived calcite (CaCO₃) fibers (CFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) encapsulated CFs (ACFs) are synthesized by sol-gel method at 80 °C. The CFs and ACFs nanocomposite revealed a fiber-based porous structural network. The CFs and ACFs possessed a uniform distribution of Ca, Mg, C, O, and Ag. The CFs and ACFs nanocomposite revealed heterogeneous chemical bonding. The ACFs revealed thermal stability at ≤636 °C and crystallite size around 85 nm. For antimicrobial assessment, the ACF nanocomposite is found to be highly effective against SA and MRSA. The experimental finding suggested that low-temperature-based ACFs have the potential to inhibit a wide range of microbial pathogens.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 2","pages":"338 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectroscopic studies of molecules in sol-gel silica monoliths and thin films","authors":"Jeffrey I. Zink","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06681-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06681-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article about sol-gel research in North America is focused on transparent sol-gel silica monoliths and nano-structured thin films containing encapsulated molecules. The research was a collaborative effort carried out at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). Our research was focused on two goals: using optical spectroscopy to understand the chemical and physical changes occurring during the sol to the xerogel transformation; and using spectroscopy to understand what was happening to the molecules themselves after encapsulation. The first section is a brief discussion of molecular probes used to monitor in real time the hydrolysis, condensation, gelation and drying of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) formed in optical cuvettes. In the second section, we introduce dip coating of one hundred nanometer thin films and methods for measuring thickness and chemical changes in real time during film pulling. We include surfactant templated mesostructured films and real time observation of the structure development. Third, we design molecules to add to the initial sol such that they are placed in specific regions of the ordered structure of the templated film. We describe spectroscopic methods that prove their placement and use pairs of molecules for physical studies including intermolecular energy transfer. Finally, we describe “gentle” synthesis methods for encapsulating enzymes and other proteins that retain their optical and enzymatic properties. Spectroscopy provided quantitative information about the sol-gel processes, enzymatic activity, and optical sensor applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>The Graphical Abstract depicts an octagonal array of sol-gel silica monoliths containing enzymes. The largest monoliths have dimensions of approximately 5 × 5 × 15 mm. The original sol was placed in an optical cuvette and hydrolysis, condensation and slow, controlled drying in the cuvette produced the parallelepiped cuboid-shaped monoliths without cracking. The colors are caused by encapsulated metalloenzymes and the absorption spectra are the same as those of the enzymes in solution. In the center of the array is an artist’s depiction of an enzyme surrounded by the amorphous silica glass.</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"261 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-025-06681-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyimide organic-inorganic hybrid composites with formed in situ inorganic nanophase: influence of host polyimide chemical structure on molecular dynamic and permeability","authors":"N. V. Kozak,&nbsp;T. A. Shantalii","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06674-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06674-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To observe how changes in the structure of the host polymer affect the dynamic properties and permeability of polyimide matrices and nanocomposites the three series of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites based on linear, branched or cardo polyimides and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were analyzed by EPR method using the stable nitroxyl radical 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxy (TEMPO) as a paramagnetic probe. The EPR data obtained were compared with the results of measuring the volume fraction of pores <i>φ</i> and dielectric permittivity <i>ε</i> as well as with X-ray structural analysis and optical microscopy. The introduction of an inorganic component in all cases led to a decrease in the segmental mobility of the linear and cardo polyimide-based composites as compared with the pure polyimide, due to partial immobilization of organic macrochains during the formation of inorganic microregions. For composites based on linear polyimide correlations are observed between the permeability values and the volume fraction of pores and the dielectric constant. EPR results agree with small angle X-ray scattering data that demonstrate formation of more heterogeneous structure of nanocomposites based on branched polyimide matrix as compared with linear one. According to optical microscopy the TEOS content, that allows obtaining most uniform distribution of inorganic inhomogeneities in the nanocomposites, depends on chemical structure of polyimide and is 40%, 50%, and 5% for linear, cardo and branched polyimides, respectively.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"250 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling A-site substituent’s influence on magnetocaloric response in La2-xNaxNiMnO6 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) double perovskite manganite materials","authors":"Ibrahim Barış Sever,&nbsp;Ali Osman Ayaş,&nbsp;Arda Kandemir,&nbsp;Ahmet Ekicibil","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06679-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06679-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the compounds of La_2-xNa_xNiMnO₆ (<i>x</i> = <i>0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5</i>, and <i>1.0</i>) double perovskite manganites have been produced by employing the sol-gel method to investigate their magnetocaloric effect. From X-Ray Diffraction analysis, all compounds crystallized in rhombohedral structure form with the <span>({rm{R}}bar{3}{rm{c}})</span> space group confirmed using the Rietveld refinement technique. The compounds show a magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic according to the temperature-dependent magnetization measurement. The phase transition temperatures sharply increased with Na doping (<i>x</i> = <i>0.1</i>) to 277.8 K which can be considered as under room temperature level and then slowly decreased with further Na concentration to 262.3 K. Using an external magnetic field-dependent magnetization measurements, the isothermal magnetization curves were obtained, and these curves used to find the magnetic entropy change values, which give info about compounds’ characteristics of magnetic cooling performance. Under 5 T magnetic field change, the maximum magnetic entropy change value increased 10 times with a small amount of Na doping (<i>x</i> = <i>0.1</i>), and compounds’ values changed from <i>0.21</i> to <i>1.29</i> Jkg⁻¹K⁻¹ for <i>x</i> = <i>0.0</i> to <i>1.0</i> compounds, respectively. Arrott plots were graphed by using isothermal magnetization curves to demonstrate all the compounds have a 2^nd order magnetic phase transition which supports that these compounds can be candidates as magnetic refrigerants.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"235 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-025-06679-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation-dependent optical properties of hybrid sol-gel glasses containing diphenylamine–fluorene–benzothiazole dyes","authors":"Lauren M. Loftus,&nbsp;Ayelet Teitelboim,&nbsp;Ramamurthi Kannan,&nbsp;Zhenning Yu,&nbsp;Loon-Seng Tan,&nbsp;Galit Bar,&nbsp;Tod A. Grusenmeyer,&nbsp;Raz Gvishi","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06675-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06675-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sol-gel materials are well-known glassy matrices for hosting functional optical molecules. Fluorene-derived chromophores are commonly used as two-photon-absorber dyes for nonlinear optics applications; however, the optical properties of asymmetric fluorene derivatives are very sensitive to their surrounding environment. In this work, we studied two formulations of a hybrid sol-gel material host doped with a diphenylamine–fluorene–benzothiazole chromophore. The stage at which the chromophore was added to the sol-gel mixture was found to significantly affect the optical properties of the dye in the sol-gel glass. The addition of the chromophore after mixing the sol-gel precursors but before gelation yields a green glass with absorption and fluorescence spectra that are similar to the chromophore in solution, while the addition of the chromophore before hydrolysis of the sol-gel precursors yields an orange glass with a new low energy absorption band and redshifted fluorescence compared to the green glass. Studies of the chromophore in acidic solution and ultrafast transient absorption studies of the sol-gel glasses confirm that the addition of the chromophore before hydrolysis of the sol-gel precursors leads to protonation of the chromophore and formation of an excited state with enhanced intramolecular charge-transfer character. These results suggest that variations in the formulation process of sol-gel optical components could provide an additional route to fine-tune the photophysical properties of the doped organic chromophores in applications that benefit from charge-transfer excited states.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"223 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the dual role of BiVO4 nanoparticles: unveiling enhanced antimicrobial efficacy and photocatalytic performance","authors":"Duygu Takanoglu Bulut","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06682-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06682-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study was focused on enhancing the structural, optical, antimicrobial, and photocatalytic activities of bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) nanoparticles. The current study utilized a simple hydrothermal technique to fabricate BiVO₄ nanoparticles. Several techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), were used to examine BiVO₄. The monoclinic structure of BiVO₄ was confirmed through XRD, XPS, and Raman analysis, validating its high purity and the absence of secondary phases with a size of 31 nm. The decahedral structure and purity of BiVO₄ were revealed through FESEM-EDS microstructure and surface morphology examination. A band gap of 2.36 eV was exhibited by the synthesized BiVO₄ nanoparticles. The conduction band minimum and valence band maximum edge potentials were found to be 2.715 eV and 0.355 eV, respectively. The antimicrobial properties of BiVO₄ NPs were evaluated using the disc diffusion method on a broad spectrum of pathogens. Various bacterial and fungal pathogens showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against BiVO₄, indicating that BiVO₄ nanoparticles (NPs) could be effective antimicrobial agents. In addition, the photocatalytic performance of BiVO₄ and its degradation efficiency were investigated with Oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), and doxycycline (DC) antibiotics under visible light. The photocatalytic degradation results demonstrated that BiVO₄ successfully degraded the antibiotic residuals. The results showed that the hydrothermally synthesized BiVO₄ nanoparticles have great potential for use in biological and environmental applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"198 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-025-06682-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Lanthanum doping on Z-type hexaferrites’ structural, magnetic, and electromagnetic characteristics for antenna miniaturization","authors":"Anjali Thakur,&nbsp;Deepika Sharma,&nbsp;Anita Manhas,&nbsp;Rohit Duglet,&nbsp;M. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06684-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06684-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Z-type hexaferrite nanoparticles, Ba₃Co₂In_0.1La_xFe_23.9−xO₄₁ (<i>x</i> = 0.00, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2), were synthesized using the auto-combustion sol–gel technique. These nanoparticles have the potential to decrease the size of antennas utilized in microwave and ultra-high frequency communication. Substituting La³⁺ cations in the Co₂Z hexaferrite structure improved the magnetic and electromagnetic properties. The authenticity of the results was confirmed through X-ray Diffraction Pattern (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). The XRD measurements revealed that the samples were crystalline, forming a pure Z-phase with the space group P63/mmc with particle size 15.11 nm to 15.94 nm, with theoretical density ranging from (5.24–5.48 g/cm³). Magnetic studies conducted using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) demonstrated an anomalous increase in saturation magnetization from 65.93 emu/g for the undoped sample to 110.82 emu/g with x = 0.2 doping, low retentivity values for all doped samples except Ba₃Co₂In_0.1La_0.2Fe_23.7O₄₁ and low coercivity except for pure and Ba₃Co₂In_0.1La_xFe_23.9−xO₄₁ samples. The values of the anisotropy field range from (2.1–2.97 kOe). The electromagnetic characteristics were analyzed using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The sample with pure composition and 0.2 La doping exhibited the best overall performance across the frequency range of 1–8 GHz, demonstrating remarkably low dielectric and magnetic loss. The real permittivity values increased from 7 to 10.6 with lanthanum doping (<i>x</i> = 0.0 to <i>x</i> = 0.2), with losses ranging between 0.1 and 0.3. Loss tangent graphs and reflection loss graphs were also presented further to clarify the energy parameters of the electromagnetic properties.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"114 JSST 30th Anniversary","pages":"185 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}