{"title":"磁铅石结构多取代六铁氧体钡用于微波高频应用","authors":"Ebtesam E. Ateia, Yousra Yasser, Amira S. Shafaay","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06783-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Barium hexaferrite (BHF) presents significant potential for different technological applications. By doping BHF with different substitution cations, a range of samples exhibiting diverse electrical and magnetic properties can be created. Gadolinium (<i>Gd</i><sup><i>3+</i></sup>) was used as an isovalent substitution for <i>Fe</i><sup><i>3+</i></sup>. On the other hand, Zirconium (<i>Zr</i><sup><i>4+</i></sup>), Zinc (<i>Zn</i><sup><i>2+</i></sup>) and Nickel (<i>Ni</i><sup><i>2+</i></sup>) were used as heterovalent substitutions for <i>Fe</i><sup><i>3+</i></sup> as tetravalent and divalent elements. The structure, surface morphology characteristics and magnetic behavior of the samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy analysis (RSA) were used to evaluate the microstructure and establish the presence of the hexagonal phase as the main phase for the prepared samples. The average crystallite sizes obtained from XRD measurements ranged from 29 to 44 nm, while the grain sizes estimated through FE-SEM varied between 56 and 94 nm. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine quantitative elemental composition and the change in valencies due to substitution. The analysis used Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) to study the different magnetic properties of the samples. The composition <i>BaFe</i><sub><i>11.5</i></sub><i>Gd</i><sub><i>0.5</i></sub><i>O</i><sub><i>19</i></sub> exhibited a minimum saturation magnetization of 38.753 emu/g, characterized by an average ionic radius of the B-sub-lattice measuring 0.938 Å, a minimum crystallite size of 29.577 nm, and a maximum coercivity value of 4639.5 Oe. While the composition <i>BaFe</i><sub><i>11.5</i></sub><i>Zr</i><sub><i>0.5</i></sub><i>O</i><sub><i>19</i></sub> with a B-sub-lattice average ionic radius of 0.56 Å has the maximum saturation magnetization of 57.226 emu/g with the minimum coercivity of 2061 Oe. The high-frequency response of the BHFNPs demonstrates that they are capable of functioning in the frequency range of 8.5–13.17 GHz. The barium hexaferrite (BHF) powders synthesized in the present study exhibit high saturation magnetization, high coercivity, minimal magnetic loss, high chemical stability, and significant magnetic anisotropy, making them a strong candidate for high-frequency applications such as communication devices, and electromagnetic shielding.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"115 1","pages":"98 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-025-06783-9.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Multi-substituted barium hexaferrite with magnetoplumbite structure for microwave high-frequency applications\",\"authors\":\"Ebtesam E. Ateia, Yousra Yasser, Amira S. Shafaay\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10971-025-06783-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Barium hexaferrite (BHF) presents significant potential for different technological applications. By doping BHF with different substitution cations, a range of samples exhibiting diverse electrical and magnetic properties can be created. Gadolinium (<i>Gd</i><sup><i>3+</i></sup>) was used as an isovalent substitution for <i>Fe</i><sup><i>3+</i></sup>. On the other hand, Zirconium (<i>Zr</i><sup><i>4+</i></sup>), Zinc (<i>Zn</i><sup><i>2+</i></sup>) and Nickel (<i>Ni</i><sup><i>2+</i></sup>) were used as heterovalent substitutions for <i>Fe</i><sup><i>3+</i></sup> as tetravalent and divalent elements. The structure, surface morphology characteristics and magnetic behavior of the samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy analysis (RSA) were used to evaluate the microstructure and establish the presence of the hexagonal phase as the main phase for the prepared samples. The average crystallite sizes obtained from XRD measurements ranged from 29 to 44 nm, while the grain sizes estimated through FE-SEM varied between 56 and 94 nm. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine quantitative elemental composition and the change in valencies due to substitution. The analysis used Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) to study the different magnetic properties of the samples. The composition <i>BaFe</i><sub><i>11.5</i></sub><i>Gd</i><sub><i>0.5</i></sub><i>O</i><sub><i>19</i></sub> exhibited a minimum saturation magnetization of 38.753 emu/g, characterized by an average ionic radius of the B-sub-lattice measuring 0.938 Å, a minimum crystallite size of 29.577 nm, and a maximum coercivity value of 4639.5 Oe. While the composition <i>BaFe</i><sub><i>11.5</i></sub><i>Zr</i><sub><i>0.5</i></sub><i>O</i><sub><i>19</i></sub> with a B-sub-lattice average ionic radius of 0.56 Å has the maximum saturation magnetization of 57.226 emu/g with the minimum coercivity of 2061 Oe. The high-frequency response of the BHFNPs demonstrates that they are capable of functioning in the frequency range of 8.5–13.17 GHz. The barium hexaferrite (BHF) powders synthesized in the present study exhibit high saturation magnetization, high coercivity, minimal magnetic loss, high chemical stability, and significant magnetic anisotropy, making them a strong candidate for high-frequency applications such as communication devices, and electromagnetic shielding.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":664,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology\",\"volume\":\"115 1\",\"pages\":\"98 - 114\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-025-06783-9.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10971-025-06783-9\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10971-025-06783-9","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Multi-substituted barium hexaferrite with magnetoplumbite structure for microwave high-frequency applications
Barium hexaferrite (BHF) presents significant potential for different technological applications. By doping BHF with different substitution cations, a range of samples exhibiting diverse electrical and magnetic properties can be created. Gadolinium (Gd3+) was used as an isovalent substitution for Fe3+. On the other hand, Zirconium (Zr4+), Zinc (Zn2+) and Nickel (Ni2+) were used as heterovalent substitutions for Fe3+ as tetravalent and divalent elements. The structure, surface morphology characteristics and magnetic behavior of the samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy analysis (RSA) were used to evaluate the microstructure and establish the presence of the hexagonal phase as the main phase for the prepared samples. The average crystallite sizes obtained from XRD measurements ranged from 29 to 44 nm, while the grain sizes estimated through FE-SEM varied between 56 and 94 nm. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine quantitative elemental composition and the change in valencies due to substitution. The analysis used Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) to study the different magnetic properties of the samples. The composition BaFe11.5Gd0.5O19 exhibited a minimum saturation magnetization of 38.753 emu/g, characterized by an average ionic radius of the B-sub-lattice measuring 0.938 Å, a minimum crystallite size of 29.577 nm, and a maximum coercivity value of 4639.5 Oe. While the composition BaFe11.5Zr0.5O19 with a B-sub-lattice average ionic radius of 0.56 Å has the maximum saturation magnetization of 57.226 emu/g with the minimum coercivity of 2061 Oe. The high-frequency response of the BHFNPs demonstrates that they are capable of functioning in the frequency range of 8.5–13.17 GHz. The barium hexaferrite (BHF) powders synthesized in the present study exhibit high saturation magnetization, high coercivity, minimal magnetic loss, high chemical stability, and significant magnetic anisotropy, making them a strong candidate for high-frequency applications such as communication devices, and electromagnetic shielding.
期刊介绍：
The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.
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