International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Nanobiochar derived from organic waste: a sustainable solution for agriculture, environment, and circular bioeconomy","authors":"A. Tanveer,&nbsp;S. Pradhan,&nbsp;H. Muhammad,&nbsp;G. McKay","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07487-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07487-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid increase in organic waste generation, water contamination, and soil degradation presents major global environmental challenges. Conventional treatment methods, including activated carbon adsorption, chemical remediation, and bulk biochar application, are effective but often limited by high cost, low selectivity, and reduced efficiency for emerging contaminants. Nanobiochar has recently gained attention as an advanced alternative due to its enhanced physicochemical properties; however, a comprehensive understanding of its production, performance, and large-scale applicability remains limited. This review provides a systematic evaluation of nanobiochar derived from organic waste within the framework of sustainable resource management and circular bioeconomy. It examines production pathways involving pyrolysis followed by size reduction and surface modification techniques, including ball milling, sonication, and chemical treatment, along with key characterization approaches. Nanobiochar demonstrates significantly improved surface area (200–500 m²/g), porosity, and functional groups compared to conventional biochar, leading to enhanced adsorption capacity and reactivity. In wastewater treatment, removal efficiencies exceeding 90–99% have been reported for heavy metals and organic pollutants. In agricultural applications, nanobiochar improves soil fertility, nutrient retention, water holding capacity, microbial activity, and crop yield by 15–40%. Techno-economic analysis indicates that nanobiochar production is cost-effective ($500–1500/ton) and offers lower operational costs compared to conventional adsorbents, while contributing to carbon sequestration and waste valorization. Overall, nanobiochar is a promising multifunctional material; however, further research is required to address scalability, long-term environmental impacts, and regulatory challenges.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13762-026-07487-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced toxic Malachite Green removal from wastewater using sustainable fabricated nanomaterial: experimental results and theoretical modeling","authors":"H. M. Youssef,&nbsp;M. M. Hammouda,&nbsp;M. M. Rashed","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07492-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07492-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water contamination and its remediation are currently considered a major concern worldwide. This study depicts the effectiveness of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe₂O₄) for the remediation of Malachite Green dye (MG) from aqueous solutions. The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were simply prepared hydrothermally and then used as adsorbent with respectable advantages of high uptake capacity and surface area. Numerous analytical methods were used to characterize the prepared nanoparticle material. The strong (311) peak in the XRD pattern confirmed the distinctive spinel structure of CoFe₂O₄. Their cubic structure was visible in SEM picture, and VSM analysis revealed a saturation magnetization of 61.2 emu/g. Several variables were examined regarding MG dye adsorption efficiency, including pH, initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent amount, and temperature. An exothermic, spontaneous adsorptive removal process was proved by thermodynamic analysis. While isotherm study displaying Langmuir behaviour and produced a maximum adsorption capacity of 139.56 mg/g. Additionally, kinetic data fit the pseudo-second-order model well. The recommended methodology was implemented for the recovery of different concentrations of MG dye spiked to some real water samples with high efficiency. The obtained results showed that CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles can be used as a promising material for the adsorptive removal of MG dye from aqueous solutions in a high-capacity, effective, affordable, and reusable manner.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenotoxicity and morphophysiological changes in the myxomycete Fuligo septica (Myxomycota, Physarales) caused by glyphosate","authors":"L. A. Toschi,&nbsp;L. Leonardo-Silva,&nbsp;C. F. Camilo-Cotrim,&nbsp;S. Xavier-Santos","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07528-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07528-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The myxomycetes are important components of edaphic microbiota, contributing to nutrient cycling and the regulation of microbial communities. However, toxicological studies involving these organisms remain scarce, and little is known about their responses to xenobiotics widely used in agriculture. In this study, we evaluated the cytogenotoxic effects of the glyphosate formulation Roundup® Transorb R on <i>Fuligo septica</i> (L.) Wiggers through spore germination assays, comet assay in myxamoeba, and morphophysiological analyses of the plasmodium. Spores were exposed to glyphosate concentrations ranging from 0.003 to 1.50 mg mL⁻¹. Germination was progressively reduced at intermediate concentrations (0.03–0.20 mg mL⁻¹), while concentrations ≥ 0.50 mg mL⁻¹ strongly inhibited germination, reaching 100% inhibition at 1.50 mg mL⁻¹. Genotoxicity was assessed after exposing myxamoeba to concentrations between 0.02 and 2.00 mg mL⁻¹, revealing significant concentration-dependent increases in DNA damage, with levels at 1.00–2.00 mg mL⁻¹ comparable to or greater than the positive control (5 mM hydrogen peroxide). Morphological alterations, including reduced motility and encystment, accompanied the observed genetic damage. Plasmodia exposed to concentrations between 0.25 and 4.00 mg mL⁻¹ showed significant mass loss and severe structural alterations, including thinning of plasmodial veins, darkened regions, and cytoplasmic leakage. Statistical analyses indicated significant differences among treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). These findings provide the first robust evidence of glyphosate-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in myxomycetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13762-026-07528-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149309638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of the environmental impacts of the oil industry and integrated mitigation strategies: from consequences to solutions","authors":"A. M. Moghani,&nbsp;R. Loni","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07523-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07523-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The oil industry has historically been central to global energy supply, yet its operations cause serious ecological damage and socio-political challenges. Although prior research has examined technological, policy, and stakeholder-based mitigation measures separately, a systematic synthesis of how their integration influences environmental mitigation remains lacking. This review addresses that gap by systematically analyzing recent literature on the environmental impacts of the oil industry and mitigation pathways, focusing on technology, policy/legislative frameworks, and stakeholder engagement. Following the PRISMA framework, 525 records were identified and screened; 131 studies published between 2005 and 2025 were included in the final synthesis. The central research question is: What is the relationship between an integrated Tech-Policy-Engagement strategy and its effectiveness in mitigating the oil industry’s environmental impact? The central hypothesis of this research is that the effectiveness of ecological mitigation is contingent upon a synergistic integration of Tech, Policy, and Engagement, where the combined effect is greater than the sum of its isolated parts. In this regard, A strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat (SWOT) analysis is carried out and discussed for all solutions for reducing the environmental impacts. The findings reveal that the ecological effects of the oil industry are multidimensional. Findings indicate that oil industry ecological impacts are multidimensional and require integrated technological, policy, and stakeholder measures. The review’s main contribution is an integrative Tech-Policy-Engagement (TPE) framework and comparative SWOT assessment, showing that effective mitigation demands a shift from fragmented actions to synergistic integration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149309639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative performance and interpretability analysis of gradient boosting algorithms for landslide susceptibility mapping in A Part of Da Nang Province, Vietnam","authors":"T. Van Phong,&nbsp;B. Thai Pham,&nbsp;P. Trong Trinh","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07509-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07509-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A comprehensive comparative performance analysis was conducted to evaluate gradient boosting-driven landslide susceptibility modeling in the part of Da Nang Province, Vietnam. Three state-of-the-art gradient boosting algorithms, including CatBoost (CB), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), were systematically assessed and benchmarked against a deep learning model (TabNet, TNC), a traditional ensemble method (Random Forest, RF), and a classical statistical approach (Logistic Regression, LR). Model performance was assessed using complementary metrics representing predictive accuracy, discrimination, agreement, error, and probability calibration. Overall, CB and LGBM delivered the most reliable and accurate predictions across both training and validation datasets. They achieved excellent discrimination and agreement, low prediction errors, and well-calibrated susceptibility probabilities, demonstrating strong generalization ability. TNC ranked third and showed competitive predictive capability, whereas GB and RF provided moderate but stable performance. In contrast, LR consistently showed the weakest performance, indicating its limited capacity to represent the complex and nonlinear relationships that govern landslide occurrence. Interpretation using the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) framework identified rainfall, geology, land use, elevation, and relative relief as the principal landslide-conditioning factors. CB emphasized the influence of rainfall and geological conditions, whereas LGBM highlighted land use and terrain morphology. Both models revealed pronounced nonlinear interactions, particularly between rainfall and elevation. The resulting susceptibility maps showed that CB and LGBM efficiently concentrated observed landslides within high- and very-high-susceptibility zones, confirming their robustness and practical applicability. Overall, the results demonstrate the clear advantage of gradient boosting-driven modeling for accurate and interpretable landslide susceptibility assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable porous polylactic acid composites with ligand-modified nano zero-valent iron for efficient chromium removal","authors":"A. Špoljarić,&nbsp;J. Zhang,&nbsp;E. Vidović","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07534-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07534-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this research, porous polylactide composites functionalized with various nanoscale zero-valent iron particles for the removal of hexavalent chromium from water have been successfully designed. Nanoscale zero-valent iron particles, bare and modified with 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and oxalic acid, were synthesised, characterised and used as a charge for polylactide bio-based adsorbents. The efficiency of hexavalent chromium removal was tested with free particles as well as within porous polylactide composites. Complete hexavalent chromium removal was achieved with 0.5 g L⁻¹ of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-modified particles and oxalic acid-modified particles,74% for 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid-modified particles and ca. 65% for bare particles after 4 h. The best hexavalent chromium removal (90%) for composites (2 g L⁻¹) was achieved with polylactide/ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-modified and polylactide/oxalic acid-modified particles within 6 h. Kinetic data fit a pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption. Isotherm analysis demonstrated that the Freundlich model best described the adsorption behaviour, implying multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. The results of this study suggested that polylactide composites have significant potential for safe and practical water treatment applications, where slightly lower efficiency is compensated with significantly reduced iron leaching.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian classifier with squared correlation-based feature selection and joint semi-parametric density estimation for air quality classification","authors":"V. T. Vo,&nbsp;B. S. Lin","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07537-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07537-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate air quality classification is essential for effective environmental monitoring and public health protection. However, traditional Bayesian classifiers such as naïve Bayes often perform poorly when applied to environmental datasets because their independence and normality assumptions are frequently violated in real-world air quality measurements. To tackle this challenge, this study proposes an enhanced Bayesian classification framework that integrates Squared Correlation-based Feature Selection with Joint Semi-parametric Density Estimation. Squared correlation-based feature selection identifies the most informative and least redundant features for classification, while the joint semi-parametric density estimation component captures complex dependency structures among air pollutant variables through multivariate computation and semi-parametric density estimation. The proposed framework was evaluated using 20 datasets of air quality collected from five monitoring stations in Taipei City, where pollutant features typically exhibit strong correlations. Experimental results show that the Bayesian classifier incorporating squared correlation-based feature selection and joint semi-parametric density estimation consistently achieved error rates below 10% across all stations, outperforming other Bayesian classification models and demonstrating competitive performance with established machine learning algorithms. These findings demonstrate that the proposed method provides a robust and accurate solution for air quality classification, which effectively tackles the statistical challenges inherent in environmental data and supports public health decision-making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on Ag3PO4/Fe3O4 nanocomposites: synthesis, properties, and photocatalytic applications in pollutant degradation","authors":"Z. Araei,&nbsp;M. Ghorbani","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07491-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07491-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The treatment of industrial effluents containing persistent organic contaminants and toxic inorganic species has become a major priority in environmental engineering research due to their high chemical stability and serious environmental impacts. Among different treatment strategies, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) based on heterogeneous photocatalysts have attracted increasing interest because of their effective utilization of renewable solar energy and their ability to achieve complete mineralization of pollutants. The Ag₃PO₄/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite, through the simultaneous combination of the remarkable visible-light photocatalytic performance of silver phosphate and the superparamagnetic characteristics of iron oxide, has addressed important limitations such as rapid charge recombination and the difficulty of catalyst recovery from aqueous systems. This composite has received considerable attention owing to the formation of efficient heterojunction structures, which improve photostability and enable convenient magnetic separation. Therefore, this review article presents a detailed overview of recent synthesis approaches and charge transfer pathways. In addition, by assessing the efficiency of this nanocomposite in the removal of various pollutants—including dyes, persistent antibiotics, and heavy metals—it finally highlights future prospects for the large-scale application of this technology in industrial wastewater treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated effects of vermicompost and manure ratios on Capsicum annuum growth with nitrification activity and microbial communities","authors":"M. R. Rana,&nbsp;M. Kabir,&nbsp;A. Al Mamun,&nbsp;M. A. Huq,&nbsp;S. M. S. Al-Din,&nbsp;H. Ara,&nbsp;A. Khanom,&nbsp;Mst. S. Akter,&nbsp;M. M. Rahman","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07545-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07545-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Excessive reliance on synthetic fertilizers in <i>Capsicum annuum</i> cultivation may contribute to soil degradation, nutrient imbalance, and disruption of beneficial rhizosphere microbial communities. However, previous studies have often examined plant growth, nitrification activity, mineral nutrients, and microbial communities separately, limiting an integrated understanding of vermicompost–manure interactions. This study evaluated the effects of different vermicompost and manure ratios on <i>C. annuum</i> growth, net nitrification rates (NNRs), essential mineral nutrients (EMNs; Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Mg), and rhizosphere microbial communities using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing. Ten weight-based treatment combinations were evaluated, including single amendments with vermicompost or manure at 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1 ratios and combined vermicompost–manure treatments at 2:1:1, 4:1:1, and 8:1:1 ratios. Vermicompost at a 1:1 ratio resulted in the shortest seed germination time and the highest plant height, leaf number, and flower and fruit production among the treatments. The combined vermicompost–manure treatment at a 2:1:1 ratio showed the greatest microbial diversity and distinct microbial community composition. NNRs ranged from 2.69 ± 0.08 to 8.14 ± 0.30 mg kg^-1 h^-1 and were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in vermicompost-treated soils. Positive correlations were observed between NNRs and Fe, Zn, and Mn concentrations, suggesting a possible association between mineral availability and nitrification activity. Overall, the findings indicated that vermicompost at a 1:1 ratio showed potential for improving <i>C. annuum</i> growth, whereas the 2:1:1 vermicompost–manure treatment showed potential for enhancing rhizosphere microbial diversity. The study provided an integrated, ratio-based assessment of plant performance, NNRs, and microbial communities under organic soil amendments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capture of Mn2+ and Cu2+ by ion exchange resins and activated carbon: an NMR relaxometry study","authors":"M. Bernardi,&nbsp;Q. L. Vuong,&nbsp;S. Laurent,&nbsp;D. Stanicki,&nbsp;Y. Gossuin","doi":"10.1007/s13762-026-07529-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13762-026-07529-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water pollution by heavy metal ions is a critical environmental concern. Ion exchange resins and activated carbon are commonly used for their removal. In this study, we assess the efficiency of ion exchange resins (Amberlite IR120, Amberlite IRC748, and Dowex Marathon MSC) and activated carbon for Cu²⁺ and Mn²⁺ removal using NMR relaxometry. Kinetic curves and adsorption isotherms were obtained from batch experiments by monitoring the relaxation of supernatant water. Additionally, the relaxation properties of water in the interporosity and intraporosity of loaded sorbent beds were investigated. The kinetics of Cu²⁺ removal are similar across all sorbents, whereas for Mn²⁺, Marathon MSC exhibits the fastest uptake. The maximum sorption capacities for Cu²⁺ are 12.11 ± 0.28 mg/g for activated carbon, 77 ± 2.7 mg/g for Marathon MSC, 82 ± 3.6 mg/g for IR120, and 121.4 + 3.8 mg/g for IRC748, while for Mn²⁺, they are 4.2 ± 0.32 mg/g for activated carbon, 48.2 ± 1.4 mg/g for IRC748, 50.3 ± 0.6 mg/g for IR120, and 58.1 ± 3.4 mg/g for Marathon MSC. Activated carbon exhibits the highest affinity for Cu²⁺ (<i>K</i>_L = 0.41 ± 0.09 L/mg), whereas IRC748 shows the strongest affinity for Mn²⁺ (<i>K</i>_L = 1.23 ± 0.25 L/mg). Relaxation studies on loaded sorbents exhibit multiexponential behavior. The relaxation rates of water in the intraporosity are strongly correlated with metal content for all resins, except for IRC748, whose chelating properties reduce the relaxation effect. A similar correlation is observed in activated carbon for water confined within mesopores. These findings confirm that NMR relaxometry could be useful to study paramagnetic ions removal by ion exchange resins and activated carbon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13762-026-07529-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}