Assessing air pollutant emissions from undercity mines using different satallite tropospheric monitoring sensor data

Air pollutants originating from underground mining activities integrated with urban centers are a significant health problem and climate change concern. However, they have not been adequately researched to date. This study presents a methodology for determining pollutants released into the air during underground mining and the impacts of these pollutant emissions using spectroradiometer sensor images with enhanced resolution using an atmospheric correction algorithm and Sentinel-5p satellite tropospheric monitoring device imagery. Considering the results of space-based data analyses conducted between 2019 and 2023 regarding methodological applications in the Zonguldak Kozlu Hard Coal Basin, it has been determined that average particulate matter values smaller than 10 µm and 2.5 µm significantly exceed the World Health Organization and European Commission limit values and reach levels that can cause respiratory illnesses. Meanwhile, the annual average ventilation air methane released into the atmosphere was observed and calculated to be 11.5 million m³. This alarming trend highlights the urgent need for effective mitigation strategies to address air quality issues in the region. Therefore, it is crucial to study and monitor the environmental and public health impacts of air pollutants released during coal mine production. Effective strategies can be implemented in collaboration with local governments and mining producers to achieve a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable environment.