Tissue Engineering Part A最新文献

{"title":"Matrix-Bound Nanovesicles Promote Prohealing Immunomodulation Without Immunosuppression.","authors":"Héctor Capella-Monsonís, Raphael J Crum, William D'Angelo, George S Hussey, Stephen F Badylak","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioscaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) have been shown to promote a profound transition in macrophages and T-cells from a proinflammatory to a prohealing phenotype with associated site-appropriate and constructive tissue remodeling rather than scar tissue formation. Matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV) are a distinct class of extracellular vesicles that can be isolated from the ECM and can recapitulate these immunomodulatory effects on myeloid cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, as shown in multiple preclinical models of inflammatory-driven diseases. However, the effect of this MBV-mediated immunomodulation upon the ability to mount an adaptive immune response following pathogenic challenge is unknown. The present study assessed the humoral immune response with and without repeated MBV administration in a mouse model of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> vaccination and infection. Mice were immunized on day 0, followed by an intraperitoneal MBV or methotrexate (MTRX) injection the next day and weekly thereafter for 5 weeks. Antipneumococcal polysaccharide immuglobulin G and immuglobulin M titers were no different between the vaccine + MBV and the vaccine-only groups, in contrast to the decreased titers in the MTRX-treatment group. Fifty percent of animals treated with MBV were protected from lethal septic infection with <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, and MBV treatment altered the population of immune cells within the lung following sublethal intranasal infection. Macrophages derived from bone marrow mononuclear cells harvested from MBV-treated mice showed persistent immunomodulatory effects following <i>ex vivo</i> challenge with bacterial antigens. The results of this study show that MBV treatment does not compromise the ability to mount an adaptive immune response and suggest that MBV induce sustained immunomodulation in cells of the myeloid lineage.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: K. A. Athanasiou Special Issue.","authors":"Farshid Guilak, Michael Detamore, Gabriela Espinosa, Jerry Hu","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2025.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2025.0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Concepts and Clinical Applications in Cartilage Tissue Engineering.","authors":"Connor Wright, Serafina Faith Zotter, Wei Shao Tung, Kristen Reikersdorfer, Andrew Homer, Nadim Kheir, Nikolaos Paschos","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cartilage injuries are extremely common in the general population, and conventional interventions have failed to produce optimal results. Tissue engineering (TE) technology has been developed to produce neocartilage for use in a variety of cartilage-related conditions. However, progress in the field of cartilage TE has historically been difficult due to the high functional demand and avascular nature of the tissue. Recent advancements in cell sourcing, biostimulation, and scaffold technology have revolutionized the field and made the clinical application of this technology a reality. Cartilage engineering technology will continue to expand its horizons to fully integrate three-dimensional printing, gene editing, and optimal cell sourcing in the future. This review focuses on the recent advancements in the field of cartilage TE and the landscape of clinical treatments for a variety of cartilage-related conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Mesenchymal Stem Cell Viability in High-Stiffness, Translational Cartilage Matrix Hydrogels.","authors":"Emi A Kiyotake, Claudia Iribagiza, Krisha Pramod, Tingting Gu, Jakob M Townsend, Michael S Detamore","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scaffolds made from cartilage extracellular matrix are promising materials for articular cartilage repair, attributed to their intrinsic bioactivity that may promote chondrogenesis. While several cartilage matrix-based scaffolds have supported chondrogenesis <i>in vitro</i> and/or <i>in vivo</i>, it remains a challenge to balance the biological response (e.g., chondroinductivity) with structural (e.g., robust mechanical performance, >1 MPa in compressive stiffness) and translational (e.g., ease of surgical implantation) considerations. Few studies have evaluated encapsulated cell viability within high-stiffness (>1 MPa) hydrogels. We previously fabricated one formulation of a high-stiffness (>3 MPa) pentenoate-functionalized, solubilized, devitalized cartilage (PSDVC) hydrogel that possessed an injectable, paste-like precursor for easy surgical application. In the current study, the characterization of the PSDVC material was expanded by varying the degree of functionalization (i.e., 0.45-1.09 mmol/g) and amount of crosslinker, dithiothreitol (DTT), to improve the reproducibility of the high compressive moduli and evaluate the viability of encapsulated human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in high-stiffness cartilage matrix hydrogels. Prior to crosslinking, specific formulations functionalized with 0.80 mmol/g or less of pentenoate groups retained a paste-like precursor rheology. After crosslinking, these formulations produced hydrogels with greater than 1 MPa compressive stiffness. However, hBMSCs encapsulated in PSDVC hydrogels with lower functionalization (i.e., 0.57 mmol/g, no crosslinker) had a higher stiffness (i.e., 1.4 MPa) but the lowest viability of encapsulated hBMSCs (i.e., 5%). The middle PSDVC functionalization (i.e., 0.70 mmol/g) with DTT (i.e., 0.50 mmol thiols/g) demonstrated high cell viability (77%), high mechanical performance (1.65 MPa, 31% failure strain), and translational features (i.e., paste-like precursor, 1.5 min crosslinking time). For future evaluations of PSDVC hydrogels in cartilage repair, a middle functionalization (i.e., 0.70-0.80 mmol/g) with the addition of a crosslinker (i.e., 0.50 mmol thiols/g) had a desirable balance of high mechanical performance (i.e., >1 MPa compressive stiffness), high viability, and paste-like precursor for surgical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bioabsorbable Implant Seeded with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Adipose Regeneration.","authors":"Qiannan Zhao, Shuichi Ogino, Yoshihiro Sowa, Sunghee Lee, Yuki Kato, Yuanjiaozi Li, Michiharu Sakamoto, Hiroki Yamanaka, Takashi Nakano, Eiichi Sawaragi, Yasuhiko Tabata, Naoki Morimoto","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipose tissue engineering requires effective strategies for regenerating adipose tissue, with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) being favored due to their robust self-renewal capacity and multipotent differentiation potential. In this study, the efficacy of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) mesh containing collagen sponge (CS), seeded with ASCs to promote adipose tissue formation, was investigated. PLLA-CS implants seeded with GFP-positive ASCs were inserted at high concentration (1 × 10⁶ cells/implant, H-ASC) and low concentration (1 × 10⁵ cells/implant, L-ASC), as were unseeded controls. Adipogenesis was evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months using a rat inguinal model. At 3 months, the weight and volume of newly formed tissues in the H-ASC group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Histological assessment revealed that the area of all newly formed tissue, including the adipose tissue inside the implants in the H-ASC group, was larger at 6 and 12 months compared with that of the control and L-ASC groups, with the adipose percentage at 12 months being higher in the H-ASC group than in the control group. GFP-positive ASCs in both the L-ASC and H-ASC groups adhered to the CS scaffolds and survived for up to 12 months postimplantation, with spontaneous differentiation into adipocytes observed exclusively in the H-ASC group. Double immunofluorescence confirmed the presence of GFP-positive adipocytes. In summary, this study demonstrated that ASCs coimplanted with PLLA-CS implants could enhance adipose tissue formation within the implants. Uninduced ASCs were capable of spontaneously differentiating into adipocytes within the PLLA-CS implants, with differentiation correlating with the number of implanted cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Human Macrophage and Tenocyte Tendon Healing Phenotypes Changed by Exosomes Per Cell Origin.","authors":"Devin von Stade, Melinda Meyers, James Johnson, Theodore Schlegel, Anthony Romeo, Daniel Regan, Kirk McGilvray","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high failure rate of surgical repair for tendinopathies has spurred interest in adjunct therapies, including exosomes (EVs). Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived EVs (MSCdEVs) have been of particular interest as they improve several metrics of tendon healing in animal models. However, research has shown that EVs derived from tissue-native cells, such as tenocytes, are functionally distinct and may better direct tendon healing. To this end, we investigated the differential regulation of human primary macrophage transcriptomic responses and cytokine secretion by tenocyte-derived EVs (TdEVs) compared with MSCdEVs. Compared with MSCdEVs, TdEVs upregulated TNFa-NFkB and TGFB signaling and pathways associated with osteoclast differentiation in macrophages while decreasing secretion of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conditioned media of these TdEV educated macrophages drove increased tenocyte migration and decreased MMP3 and MMP13 expression. In contrast, MSCdEV education of macrophages drove increased gene expression pathways related to INFa, INFg and protection against oxidative stress while increasing cytokine expression of MCP1 and IL6. These data demonstrate that EV cell source differentially impacts the function of key effector cells in tendon healing and that TdEVs, compared with MSCdEVs, promote a more favorable tendon healing phenotype within these cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable PHBVHHx-PEG/Collagen Hydrogel Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair.","authors":"Peng Su, Yunan Hu, Jian Li, DaiXu Wei, Weili Fu","doi":"10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, there has been increased attention on the treatment of cartilage repair. Overall, we constructed PHBVHHx-COL, a composite hydrogel of PHBVHHx-co-PEG and collagen, and evaluated its cartilage repair efficacy through <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies using hydrogel loaded with peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs). Rheological properties and compressive mechanical properties of the hydrogels were systematically evaluated. The cytocompatibility of the hydrogels was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 test, live/dead staining, scratch test, and transwell test. The effect of chondrogenic differentiation of PBMSCs on hydrogels was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the <i>in vivo</i> cartilage repair ability of the hydrogels was confirmed following <i>in situ</i> injections in rabbit chondral defect models. Finally, the induced polarization of the hydrogel scaffold on macrophages was explored by the expression of CD86 and CD206. <i>In vitro</i> experimental results confirmed that PHBVHHx-COL-gel led to better cell migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation than PHBVHHx-PEG and COL hydrogels. Hematoxylin and eosin staining indicated that the tissue of the repaired area in the PHBVHHx-COL group was nearly in fusion with the surrounding normal tissue and the reconstruction of subchondral bone was good. Safranin-O staining and COL-2 immunohistochemistry indicated that the tissue of the repaired area in the PHBVHHx-COL group had more cartilage-specific matrix secretion. The PHBVHHx-COL group exhibited more M2 macrophage infiltration and less M1 macrophage presentation than the other groups. This study demonstrated that PHBVHHx-COL scaffolds loaded with PBMSCs significantly promoted the repair of cartilage injury through immune regulation by M2 polarization and could be potential candidates for cartilage tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of Pregnancy Function Using a GT/PCL Biofilm in a Rabbit Model of Uterine Injury.","authors":"Di Huang, Jing Liu, Jie Yang, Junhui Liang, Jing Zhang, Qinyu Han, Jianlong Yu, Tingting Yang, Qi Meng, Thorsten Steinberg, Changzhong Li, Zhongle Chang","doi":"10.1089/ten.TEA.2023.0366","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ten.TEA.2023.0366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomaterial scaffolds have been used successfully to promote the regenerative repair of small endometrial lesions in small rodents, providing partial restoration of gestational function. The use of rabbits in this study allowed us to investigate a larger endometrial tissue defect and myometrial injury model. A gelatin/polycaprolactone (GT/PCL) gradient-layer biofilm was sutured at the defect to guide the reconstruction of the original tissue structure. Twenty-eight days postimplantation, the uterine cavity had been restored to its original morphology, endometrial growth was accompanied by the formation of glands and blood vessels, and the fragmented myofibers of the uterine smooth muscle had begun to resemble the normal structure of the lagomorph uterine cavity, arranging in a circular luminal pattern and a longitudinal serosal pattern. In addition, the repair site supported both embryonic implantation into the placenta and normal embryonic development. Four-dimensional label-free proteomic analysis identified the cell adhesion molecules, phagosome, ferroptosis, rap1 signaling pathways, hematopoietic cell lineage, complement and coagulation cascades, tricarboxylic acid cycle, carbon metabolism, and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 signaling pathways as important in the endogenous repair process of uterine tissue injury, and acetylation of protein modification sites upregulated these signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":"29-44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprinting of a Liposomal Oxygen-Releasing Scaffold for Ovary Tissue Engineering.","authors":"Arezoo Dadashzadeh, Saeid Moghassemi, Christiani A Amorim","doi":"10.1089/ten.TEA.2024.0003","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ten.TEA.2024.0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses a critical challenge in bioprinting for regenerative medicine, specifically the issue of hypoxia compromising cell viability in engineered tissues. To overcome this hurdle, a novel approach using a microfluidic bioprinter is used to create a two-layer structure resembling the human ovary. This structure incorporates a liposomal oxygen-releasing system to enhance cell viability. The bioprinting technique enables the simultaneous extrusion of two distinct bioinks, namely, bioink A (comprising alginate 1% and 5 mg/mL PEGylated fibrinogen in a 20:1 molar ratio) and bioink B (containing alginate 0.5%). In addition, liposomal catalase and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) are synthesized and incorporated into bioinks A and B, respectively. The liposomes are prepared using thin film hydration with a monodisperse size (140-160 nm) and high encapsulation efficiency. To assess construct functionality, isolated human ovarian cells are added to bioink A. The bioprinted constructs, with or without liposomal oxygen-releasing systems, are cultured under hypoxic and normoxic conditions for 3 days. Live/Dead assay results demonstrate that liposomal oxygen-releasing systems effectively preserve cell viability in hypoxic conditions, resembling viability under normoxic conditions without liposomes. PrestoBlue assay reveals significantly higher mitochondrial activity in constructs with liposomal oxygen delivery systems under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. The evaluation of apoptosis status through annexin V immunostaining shows that liposomal oxygen-releasing scaffolds successfully protect cells from hypoxic stress, exhibiting a proportion of apoptotic cells similar to normoxic conditions. In contrast, constructs lacking liposomes in hypoxic conditions exhibit a higher incidence of cells in early-stage apoptosis. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the promising potential of bioprinted oxygen-releasing liposomal scaffolds to protect ovarian stromal cells in hypoxic environments. These innovative scaffolds not only offer protection but also recapitulate the mechanical differences between the medulla and the cortex in the normal ovary structure. This opens new avenues for advanced ovary tissue engineering and transplantation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":"69-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative Printing for the Reinforcement of <i>In Situ</i> Tissue-Engineered Cartilage.","authors":"Stephanie E Doyle, Finn Snow, Carmine Onofrillo, Claudia Di Bella, Cathal D O'Connell, Elena Pirogova, Serena Duchi","doi":"10.1089/ten.TEA.2023.0358","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ten.TEA.2023.0358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the realm of <i>in situ</i> cartilage engineering, the targeted delivery of both cells and hydrogel materials to the site of a defect serves to directly stimulate chondral repair. Although the <i>in situ</i> application of stem cell-laden soft hydrogels to tissue defects holds great promise for cartilage regeneration, a significant challenge lies in overcoming the inherent limitation of these soft hydrogels, which must attain mechanical properties akin to the native tissue to withstand physiological loading. We therefore developed a system where a gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel laden with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells is combined with a secondary structure to provide bulk mechanical reinforcement. In this study, we used the negative embodied sacrificial template 3D printing technique to generate eight different lattice-based reinforcement structures made of polycaprolactone, which ranged in porosity from 80% to 90% with stiffnesses from 28 ± 5 kPa to 2853 ± 236 kPa. The most promising of these designs, the hex prism edge, was combined with the cellular hydrogel and retained a stable stiffness over 41 days of chondrogenic differentiation. There was no significant difference between the hydrogel-only and hydrogel scaffold group in the sulfated glycosaminoglycan production (340.46 ± 13.32 µg and 338.92 ± 47.33 µg, respectively) or Type II Collagen gene expression. As such, the use of negative printing represents a promising solution for the integration of bulk reinforcement without losing the ability to produce new chondrogenic matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":56375,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering Part A","volume":" ","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}