Human Factors最新文献

{"title":"A Method for Constructing a Dynamic Seat Adjustment Model to Mitigate Prolonged-Sitting Discomfort.","authors":"Jin Wang, Jin-Yi Zhi, Yun Hu","doi":"10.1177/00187208261470982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208261470982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo develop and preliminarily validate a behavior- and height-based strategy-group-specific dynamic seat-adjustment model that generates coordinated low-frequency seat trajectories to reduce subjective discomfort during prolonged public-transport sitting.BackgroundDynamic seating may relieve sitting-related discomfort, but existing strategies rarely model coupled seat adjustments while considering behavioral and anthropometric variability.MethodsSixty-six adults completed counterbalanced 2-h resting and phone-use sessions. Every 15 min, they adjusted seven seat dimensions to their preferred configuration and rated overall and regional discomfort before and after adjustment. An improvement-driven weighted multi-output random forest was trained within Behavior × Height-Based Strategy Group strata, using elapsed sitting time as the only input and seven-dimensional seat configuration as the output; discomfort improvement was used only for sample weighting. Predicted configurations were smoothed into low-frequency trajectories. An independent within-subject crossover experiment compared Static, Mean-trajectory, and Dynamic conditions.ResultsPreferred configurations differed by behavior and height-based strategy group and changed systematically over time. Multi-output forests outperformed independent single-output models, supporting coordinated trajectory learning, whereas improvement-driven weighting mainly provided a relief-oriented training bias. In validation, the Dynamic condition reduced overall discomfort relative to Static seating across both behaviors and time points. Compared with the non-individualized Mean-trajectory baseline, Dynamic seating produced additional region- and behavior-dependent perceived-comfort benefits, especially in neck and trunk-related regions.ConclusionA stratified multi-output model can generate coordinated time-varying seat trajectories associated with lower subjective discomfort.ApplicationThis framework offers a preliminary basis for low-frequency passive adjustment in transportation seats with comparable geometry while requiring limited passenger input.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261470982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving Performance Under Heat Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies.","authors":"Mojtaba Khosravi Danesh, Mohammad Reza Monazzam, Mostafa Hadei, Seyed Abolfazl Zakerian, Negin Sakhaei, Mansour Shamsipour","doi":"10.1177/00187208261470998","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208261470998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) aimed to synthesize and critically appraise existing experimental evidence regarding the impact of heat exposure on driving performance.BackgroundClimate change, characterized by rising temperatures, has been linked to more road accidents and related injuries. Nonetheless, no comprehensive systematic review or meta-analysis has examined the direct effects of increased ambient temperature on driving performance.MethodRegistered in PROSPERO (#CRD42024584269), this SRMA searched major databases and grey literature from their inception to October 2024 and appraised the quality and confidence of the evidence via an established research methodology. A final pool of 7 studies, totaling approximately 207 participants, met the inclusion criteria.ResultsOf the five coded dependent variables, only reaction time (RT) had a sufficient number of studies to support a meta-analysis. There was moderate confidence that heat exposure impairs drivers' RT (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.32-1.12, <i>p</i> = 0.0004, I² = 65%, <i>p</i> = 0.02). On the other hand, insufficient evidence precluded a definitive assessment of heat's impact on other driving performance metrics, including lateral control, longitudinal control, signal detection, and driving violations, owing to inconsistent findings, limited data and heterogeneity of performance criteria.ConclusionThis synthesis confirms that heat is likely to impair RT, yet evidence concerning other performance aspects remains insufficient. The current study serves as a foundational step in systematically documenting a critical evidence gap in a topic of mounting public health relevance.ApplicationThis paper provides insights for technological and infrastructural adaptations to enhance road safety in the context of rising global temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261470998"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition-Based Retrieval Significantly Enhances Alphanumeric Password Memorability.","authors":"Jeremiah D Still","doi":"10.1177/00187208261470702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208261470702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study aimed to isolate the source of memorability benefits in recognition-based graphical authentication. The effects of retrieval (recall vs. recognition) and font representation (plain vs. distinctive) on usability measures were examined.BackgroundStrong system-assigned passwords are difficult to remember. This motivates next-generation authentication to develop schemes that are memorable. Some researchers claim that their memorability improvement is due to dual-coding in long-term memory, while others highlight recognition retrieval. A distinctiveness theory was employed to transform text into images. This study examined whether text distinctiveness and recognition could yield memorability improvements while still using strong system-assigned alphanumeric passwords.MethodParticipants learned strong alphanumeric passwords using both traditional (recall) and Use Your Illusion (UYI) (recognition) authentication schemes. The UYI scheme presented the passwords in either plain or distinctive fonts. After practice with each authentication type, participants completed a test login after 5 minutes and 3 weeks later. Measurements included initial practice errors, login errors, login time, and ease ratings.ResultsManipulating font distinctiveness did not significantly improve memorability. Recognition-based UYI interactions significantly outperformed recall-based password entry on all metrics after a 3-week delay. Text-based recognition achieved high memorability, comparable to performance reported for a graphical authentication benchmark.ConclusionAuthentication memorability was primarily driven by the retrieval type. Transforming passwords into images did not enhance memorability, possibly due to a ceiling effect. However, employing a recognition-based scheme dramatically increased text password memorability.ApplicationFindings suggest designers can significantly enhance authentication memorability by leveraging recognition memory, even with standard text.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261470702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision-Supported Visual Search: Effects of Direct and Indirect Cues on Performance and Attentional Mechanisms.","authors":"Tobias Rieger, Linda Onnasch","doi":"10.1177/00187208261468618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208261468618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo investigate how different types of automated cues (direct versus indirect) of a decision support system (DSS) affect performance and attentional mechanisms in visual search.BackgroundVisual search tasks in safety- and health-critical domains are increasingly supported by DSS. While such systems commonly provide explicit cues, these cues differ in whether they directly indicate target locations or merely signal target presence. Empirical evidence comparing these cue types, particularly at the level of attentional processes, remains limited.MethodParticipants completed a simulated medical visual search task in which they searched for target letters embedded in noise. Using a within-subjects design, participants performed the task under three conditions: no DSS support, indirect cueing, and direct cueing. Human-alone performance exceeded system-alone performance. Performance was assessed using signal detection measures, and response times and eyetracking were used to examine attentional guidance and search termination.ResultsDirect cueing increased sensitivity relative to indirect cueing and no support. Response times and eyetracking measures showed that direct cues guided attention more efficiently and reduced search effort, whereas indirect cues produced attentional patterns descriptively similar to the no-cue condition.ConclusionDirect cues enhanced sensitivity and attentional efficiency in visual search, whereas indirect cues provided little benefit over unaided search when human performance exceeded system performance.ApplicationThe results highlight cue format as a critical design factor for DSS in applied visual search, suggesting that location-specific cues are particularly effective when DSS complement rather than outperform human observers.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261468618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Decision-Making in the Workplace: Which Factors Influence Decision-Makers' Willingness to Revise Their Decisions due to AI-Generated Suggestions?","authors":"Natalie Martin, Tobias Kopp, Pascal Vetter, Steffen Kinkel","doi":"10.1177/00187208261461812","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208261461812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo examine how moral intensity and perceived trustworthiness of an AI certifier influence individuals' willingness to change their decision due to AI-generated suggestions.BackgroundAI-supported decision-making is increasingly used in professional contexts and situations with a high moral intensity. Yet it is unclear how different factors influence the willingness to base decisions on AI-generated suggestions in such situations. Perceived trustworthiness in the AI system is key for effective and ethically sound deployment. Investigating the interplay of these factors is critical for understanding AI-supported ethical decision-making and designing AI systems that support responsible decision-making in morally complex workplace environments.MethodWe conducted a 2 × 2 vignette-based online experiment with a representative US sample (<i>n</i> = 546), manipulating moral intensity and AI certifier trustworthiness. Participants made an initial workplace decision (whom to let go), received a deviating AI suggestion, and then made a second decision. Effects of independent and control variables on decision changes were analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression and <i>χ</i>^2-tests.ResultsDecision makers were more likely to change decisions in low moral intensity scenarios due to AI suggestions. Certifier trustworthiness had no significant effect, whereas a positive general attitude towards AI increased the likelihood of changing decisions, suggesting that overall, AI attitude may overshadow perceived certifier trustworthiness.ConclusionHuman factors play a more prominent role than AI certifications when it comes to trust-building in AI suggestions for ethical decision-making in the workplace. Further research is needed to clarify how these factors interact with perceived certifier trustworthiness and other contextual factors.ApplicationEncouraging reliance on AI-based recommendations via certifications alone is challenging. Organizations should focus on their employees' general attitudes towards AI to support AI-based ethical decision-making in the workplace. AI systems could play a significant supporting role particularly in decision situations with high moral intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261461812"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Task Priority and Difficulty in Multitasking Across Screens.","authors":"Yang Liu, Qin Gao, Xinyun Li, Xinyue Yang","doi":"10.1177/00187208261463327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208261463327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study investigates how task priority, task difficulty, and their interaction influence task-switching decisions in a complex multitasking environment, where operators manage multiple supervisory tasks distributed across displays.BackgroundThe Strategic Task Overload Management (STOM) model posits that task priority and difficulty influence task-switching behavior, but empirical research has yielded inconsistent results.MethodParticipants performed four concurrent supervisory tasks, each shown on a separate display, using a simulated unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring platform. Task priority was manipulated through performance-based rewards, and the difficulty of the target detection task varied across four levels.ResultsParticipants were more likely to switch to the target detection task and dwelled longer on it when it was high-priority. Increased task difficulty led to lower overall switching frequency and longer dwell time on the more difficult task. Manipulations of priority and difficulty mutually reinforced perceptions of each other and amplified each other's impact on task-switching behaviors.ConclusionTask priority has a significant impact on task-switching behaviors in complex multitasking scenarios. The impact of task difficulty on switching behaviors is more pronounced at the global level than at the local level, where a threshold effect is observed. The two attributes mutually reinforce each other's impact.ApplicationThis study provides implications for refining the STOM model and offers insights into designing interventions that support effective task switching.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261463327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148392587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compatibility Effects With Simple Lever Tools: A Replication and Extension Beyond Simple Button Responses.","authors":"Valentin Koob, Markus Janczyk","doi":"10.1177/00187208261463136","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208261463136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveWe examined how response-effect (RE), stimulus-response (SR), and stimulus-effect (SE) compatibility jointly influence performance in lever tool use, and test the robustness of previous results across different input modalities.BackgroundAccording to the ideomotor principle, motor actions are selected via anticipating their effects. This becomes particularly relevant in tool use, where the relationship between hand movement and tool movement might be inverted. While various compatibilities are known to influence performance, their interactions remain poorly understood.MethodWe built upon work by Müsseler and Skottke (2011) using orthogonal manipulations of RE, SR, and SE compatibility. Across four experiments with student samples (2022-2024), we varied input modality (button presses, continuous sliders, touchless gestures) and lever rotation type (discrete vs. continuous) to assess the generalizability of the original findings.ResultsMüsseler and Skottke (2011) showed that the interaction of SR and SE compatibility depends on the RE compatibility condition. Consistent with this, we found that under RE compatible conditions, performance was improved when SR and SE compatibilities aligned. However, under RE incompatible conditions, the SR × SE interaction disappeared with button press responses (Experiments 1 and 2) or reversed with more continuous responses (Experiments 3 and 4).ConclusionThese findings highlight the dynamic interplay of various compatibility relations for untrained participants, and that this interplay depends on, for example, the input device.ApplicationOur results inform the design of human-tool interfaces by highlighting when aligning response-effect mappings benefits performance and when mismatches can alter or even reverse other compatibility relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208261463136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Environmental Clutter, Head-Mounted Display Clutter, and Head-Mounted Display Transparency on Human Efficiency, Safety, and Mental Demand During Navigation.","authors":"Damyenn R Cardenas, Chirag Rajubhai Kandoi, Christopher Wickens, Mohammed Safayet Arefin","doi":"10.1177/00187208261425741","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208261425741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveExplore the under-investigated display attribute of head-mounted display (HMD) opacity and its relationship with display clutter and environment clutter in real-world nautical navigation tasks.BackgroundEffect of overlay clutter is a prominent factor of HMD research, but there are many factors to displaying information, and the role of opacity has seen little empirical investigation.MethodThirty participants performed a realistic nautical navigation task in a virtual environment with obstacles, navigating a small speedboat that rendered navigational information that replicated an HMD interface. The display interface was manipulated by the amount of information present (clutter) and the level of opacity. Environmental obstacles were varied in their number. Participants were evaluated on completion time of the tasks, proximity to obstacles, and mental demand.ResultsParticipants performed the task faster when there were more islands, especially in transparent displays. Hazard proximity increased when the environment had more islands and while navigating highly cluttered displays. Increased proximity to hazards occurred only when the display was opaque and highly cluttered. Mental demand followed the same pattern as completion time.ConclusionThe study revealed preliminary findings that high-cluttered environments should be navigated with more transparent displays and less display clutter.ApplicationThe data from the study highlights the relationship between display opacity, display clutter, and environmental clutter. This provides a foundation upon which more work can ask more complex questions about these relationships and how they can impact navigational efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"972-986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13219785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147437948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"With a Little Help From My Car: Sharing Automated Vehicle's Situation Awareness Reduces Driver-Initiated Automation Disengagement Without Delaying Takeover Response Time.","authors":"Joonbum Lee, Hansol Rheem, John D Lee, Joseph F Szczerba, Akilesh Rajavenkatanarayanan, Roy Mathieu","doi":"10.1177/00187208261422917","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208261422917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study investigated the effect of sharing vehicle situation awareness (VSA) on driver takeover behavior in complex urban environments.BackgroundAs automated vehicles (AV) expand their operational design domain, little is known about driver interactions with driving automation in complex urban settings. Drivers often become either overly reliant on automation or fail to rely on it even when capable, leading to misuse or disuse. Sharing VSA information could enhance drivers' awareness of the AV system and response when AVs request manual control in complex situations.MethodsA driving simulator tested sharing VSA information via augmented reality head-up displays (AR HUDs) during takeover scenarios. Participants were assigned to control or experimental groups that received different combinations of VSA elements: perception (object highlighting), comprehension (confidence assessment), and projection (trajectory information). Two urban driving scenarios (parking lane and intersection) were tested.ResultsSharing VSA information reduced driver-initiated automation disengagement before takeover requests without delaying response times. Perception information alone showed no significant difference from baseline, but adding egocentric projection information significantly reduced driver-initiated overrides, while allocentric projection did not. Adding confidence assessment further enhanced effectiveness. The parking lane scenario was associated with quicker responses, fewer full takeovers, and softer braking.ConclusionSpecific combinations of VSA information reduced driver-initiated disengagement from automation without compromising response times. The type and presentation of shared information significantly affect human-automation interaction.ApplicationThese findings can guide the design of AV systems that better support driver-vehicle interaction in complex urban environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"953-971"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Kinetic Friction on Lateral Stroking Perception in a Virtual Environment.","authors":"Chia-Wei Lin, Shana Smith","doi":"10.1177/00187208261429019","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208261429019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to develop a hybrid handheld tactile device that integrates texture vibration feedback and kinetic friction to enhance lateral stroking tactile discrimination in virtual environments.BackgroundLateral motion is the primary method humans use to explore object textures, involving both normal texture vibration and lateral friction tactile feedback. However, most tactile devices rely solely on vibration-based feedback, limiting their ability to accurately replicate realistic surface textures and friction sensations in virtual environments.MethodA hybrid handheld tactile device was designed to simulate kinetic friction forces during lateral motion by inducing fingerpad skin stretching, while surface texture information was conveyed through vertical vibrations. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of fingerpad skin stretch in enhancing lateral stroking tactile perception.ResultsFindings indicate that vibration feedback alone was effective for distinguishing textures with large vibration differences but struggled with textures that had similar vibration patterns. The integration of lateral skin stretch significantly improved texture discrimination accuracy, increasing overall perception accuracy from 57.5% to 81.9%. Additionally, participants reported that lateral force feedback enhanced realism, reinforcing its importance in virtual tactile perception.ConclusionThe inclusion of lateral skin stretch improves texture discrimination, making haptic interactions more realistic and perceptually accurate.ApplicationThe proposed hybrid tactile device can enhance virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and remote haptic interaction systems by providing more realistic tactile feedback. Potential applications include medical simulations, virtual training environments, remote robotic control, and interactive touch-based interfaces, where precise tactile perception is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"930-952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}