Human Factors最新文献

Effects of Armor Design and Marksmanship Posture on Performance, Postural Sway and Perceived Workload During a Military Rifle Marksmanship Task. 装甲设计和射击姿势对军用步枪射击任务中的表现、姿势摇摆和感知工作量的影响。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1177/00187208241276267

Kangwon Kim, Kitae Hwang, Woojin Park

{"title":"Effects of Armor Design and Marksmanship Posture on Performance, Postural Sway and Perceived Workload During a Military Rifle Marksmanship Task.","authors":"Kangwon Kim, Kitae Hwang, Woojin Park","doi":"10.1177/00187208241276267","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208241276267","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study investigated the effects of mass and vertical center-of-mass position of combat items attached to a tactical vest, as well as marksmanship posture on rifle marksmanship performance, postural sway, and perceived workload during a simulated rifle shooting task.Background: A tactical vest serves as a load carriage system in addition to providing body protection. Its design, particularly the mass and vertical position of attached combat items, may impact postural control during rifle shooting and thus marksmanship performance.Method: Thirty-two participants performed a simulated rifle shooting task on a force plate with a tactical vest on. Three independent variables were considered: load mass (4 levels), vertical load center-of-mass position (4 levels), and marksmanship posture (2 levels). The dependent variables were: 6 rifle marksmanship performance measures, 7 postural sway measures, and a perceived workload measure.Results: Heavier load mass significantly degraded rifle marksmanship performance, and increased postural sway and perceived workload. Marksmanship posture significantly affected rifle marksmanship performance and postural sway. The kneeling posture resulted in less postural sway and better marksmanship performance than the standing posture. Vertical load center-of-mass position affected only part of the marksmanship performance measures and did not affect the measures of postural sway and perceived workload.Conclusion: Reducing combat item mass on tactical vests and enhancing soldier postural control ability would improve rifle marksmanship and soldier lethality.Application: The study findings inform the development of future military tactical vests and rifle marksmanship training, highlighting the need for lightweight gear design and postural control training.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"301-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Driver Situation Awareness for Regaining Control from Conditionally Automated Vehicles: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies. 从有条件自动驾驶车辆中恢复控制的驾驶员态势感知：实证研究的系统回顾。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/00187208241272071

Xiaomei Tan, Yiqi Zhang

{"title":"Driver Situation Awareness for Regaining Control from Conditionally Automated Vehicles: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies.","authors":"Xiaomei Tan, Yiqi Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00187208241272071","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208241272071","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: An up-to-date and thorough literature review is needed to identify factors that influence driver situation awareness (SA) during control transitions in conditionally automated vehicles (AV). This review also aims to ascertain SA components required for takeovers, aiding in the design and evaluation of human-vehicle interfaces (HVIs) and the selection of SA assessment methodologies.Background: Conditionally AVs alleviate the need for continuous road monitoring by drivers yet necessitate their reengagement during control transitions. In these instances, driver SA is crucial for effective takeover decisions and subsequent actions. A comprehensive review of influential SA factors, SA components, and SA assessment methods will facilitate driving safety in conditionally AVs but is still lacking.Method: A systematic literature review was conducted. Thirty-four empirical research articles were screened out to meet the criteria for inclusion and exclusion.Results: A conceptual framework was developed, categorizing 23 influential SA factors into four clusters: task/system, situational, individual, and nondriving-related task factors. The analysis also encompasses an examination of pertinent SA components and corresponding HVI designs for specific takeover events, alongside an overview of SA assessment methods for conditionally AV takeovers.Conclusion: The development of a conceptual framework outlining influential SA factors, the examination of SA components and their suitable design of presentation, and the review of SA assessment methods collectively contribute to enhancing driving safety in conditionally AVs.Application: This review serves as a valuable resource, equipping researchers and practitioners with insights to guide their efforts in evaluating and enhancing driver SA during conditionally AV takeovers.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"367-403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) While Observing an Automated System Support the Media Equation and Unique Agent Hypotheses. 观察自动化系统时的难度判断 (JOD) 支持媒体等式和独特代理假设。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1177/00187208241273379

Jade Driggs, Lisa Vangsness

{"title":"Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) While Observing an Automated System Support the Media Equation and Unique Agent Hypotheses.","authors":"Jade Driggs, Lisa Vangsness","doi":"10.1177/00187208241273379","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208241273379","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We investigated how people used cues to make Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) while observing automation perform a task and when performing this task themselves.Background: Task difficulty is a factor affecting trust in automation; however, no research has explored how individuals make JODs when watching automation or whether these judgments are similar to or different from those made while watching humans. Lastly, it is unclear how cue use when observing automation differs as a function of experience.Method: The study involved a visual search task. Some participants performed the task first, then watched automation complete it. Others watched and then performed, and a third group alternated between performing and watching. After each trial, participants made a JOD by indicating if the task was easier or harder than before. Task difficulty randomly changed every five trials.Results: A Bayesian regression suggested that cue use is similar to and different from cue use while observing humans. For central cues, support for the UAH was bounded by experience: those who performed the task first underweighted central cues when making JODs, relative to their counterparts in a previous study involving humans. For peripheral cues, support for the MEH was unequivocal and participants weighted cues similarly across observation sources.Conclusion: People weighted cues similar to and different from when they watched automation perform a task relative to when they watched humans, supporting the Media Equation and Unique Agent Hypotheses.Application: This study adds to a growing understanding of judgments in human-human and human-automation interactions.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"347-366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensitivity to Vibrotactile Stimulation in the Hand and Wrist: Effects of Motion, Temporal Patterns, and Biological Sex. 手部和腕部对振动触觉刺激的敏感性：运动、时间模式和生物性别的影响

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/00187208241275734

Mahdis Tajdari, Jason Forsyth, Sol Lim

{"title":"Sensitivity to Vibrotactile Stimulation in the Hand and Wrist: Effects of Motion, Temporal Patterns, and Biological Sex.","authors":"Mahdis Tajdari, Jason Forsyth, Sol Lim","doi":"10.1177/00187208241275734","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208241275734","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We investigated the impact of low-tempo, repetitive hand movements on vibrotactile sensitivity by employing various temporal and spatial patterns in the hand and wrist area.Background: The investigation of a human's ability to perceive vibrotactile stimuli during dynamic hand movements remains understudied, despite the prevalence of slow to mild hand motions in applications such as hand navigation or gesture control using haptic gloves in Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR).Method: We investigated vibrotactile sensitivity, analyzing the impact of various factors, including Motion (static and low-tempo repetitive hand movements), Temporal Patterns (Single or Double vibrations with varying onset times), Tactor Placements (hand and wrist), Spatial Patterns, and Biological Sex.Results: Our study revealed that Motion significantly influences vibrotactile sensitivity in the hand and wrist areas, leading to reduced accuracy rates during dynamic conditions. Additionally, as the stimulus onset approached in Double vibrations, accuracy rates markedly decreased. Notably, Hand Placement resulted in significantly higher accuracy rates compared to the Wrist Placement.Conclusion: Our findings underscore the impact of motion in reducing vibrotactile sensitivity on the back of the hand and around the wrist.Application: This research has wide-ranging practical applications, particularly in the field of VR/AR experiences, rehabilitation programs, and accessibility solutions through the use of haptic gloves. Insights from our study can be harnessed to enhance the efficacy of haptic gloves in conveying vibrotactile cues within these contexts.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"331-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective Access to Decision Support as a Function of Event Uncertainty. 选择性获取决策支持是事件不确定性的函数。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/00187208241277158

Yoav Ben Yaakov, Jason S McCarley, Joachim Meyer

{"title":"Selective Access to Decision Support as a Function of Event Uncertainty.","authors":"Yoav Ben Yaakov, Jason S McCarley, Joachim Meyer","doi":"10.1177/00187208241277158","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208241277158","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We investigate the impact of event uncertainty, decision support (DS) display format, and DS sensitivity on participants' behavior, performance, subjective workload, and perception of DS usefulness and performance in a classification task.Background: DS systems can positively and negatively affect decision accuracy, performance time, and workload. The ability to access DS selectively, based on informational needs, might improve DS effectiveness.Method: Participants performed a sensory classification task in which they were allowed to request DS on a trial-by-trial basis. DS was presented in separated-binary (SB), separated-likelihood (SL), or integrated-likelihood (IL) formats. Access preferences, task performance, performance time, subjective workload, and perceived DS usefulness and performance were recorded.Results: Participants accessed DS more often when it was highly sensitive, stimulus information was highly uncertain, or the DS cue and stimulus information were perceptually integrated. Effective sensitivity was highest with the integrated likelihood DS. Although the separated likelihood DS provided more information than the binary likelihood DS, it was accessed less often, leading to lower sensitivity.Conclusion: Participants are most likely to access DS when raw stimulus information is highly uncertain and appear to make effective use of likelihood DS only when DS cues are integrated with raw stimulus information within a display.Application: Results suggest that DS use will be most effective when likelihood DS cues and raw stimulus information are perceptually integrated. When DS cues and raw stimuli cannot be perceptually integrated, binary cues from the DS will be more effective than likelihood cues.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"285-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Binary Decisions: Evaluating the Effects of AI Error Type on Trust and Performance in AI-Assisted Tasks. 超越二元决策：评估人工智能错误类型对人工智能辅助任务中信任和绩效的影响。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/00187208251326795

Jin Yong Kim, Corey Lester, X Jessie Yang

{"title":"Beyond Binary Decisions: Evaluating the Effects of AI Error Type on Trust and Performance in AI-Assisted Tasks.","authors":"Jin Yong Kim, Corey Lester, X Jessie Yang","doi":"10.1177/00187208251326795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208251326795","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveWe investigated how various error patterns from an AI aid in the nonbinary decision scenario influence human operators' trust in the AI system and their task performance.BackgroundExisting research on trust in automation/autonomy predominantly uses the signal detection theory (SDT) to model autonomy performance. The SDT classifies the world into binary states and hence oversimplifies the interaction observed in real-world scenarios. Allowing multi-class classification of the world reveals intriguing error patterns previously unexplored in prior literature.MethodThirty-five participants completed 60 trials of a simulated mental rotation task assisted by an AI with 70-80% reliability. Participants' trust in and dependence on the AI system and their performance were measured. By combining participants' initial performance and the AI aid's performance, five distinct patterns emerged. Mixed-effects models were built to examine the effects of different patterns on trust adjustment, performance, and reaction time.ResultsVarying error patterns from AI impacted performance, reaction times, and trust. Some AI errors provided false reassurance, misleading operators into believing their incorrect decisions were correct, worsening performance and trust. Paradoxically, some AI errors prompted safety checks and verifications, which, despite causing a moderate decrease in trust, ultimately enhanced overall performance.ConclusionThe findings demonstrate that the types of errors made by an AI system significantly affect human trust and performance, emphasizing the need to model the complicated human-AI interaction in real life.ApplicationThese insights can guide the development of AI systems that classify the state of the world into multiple classes, enabling the operators to make more informed and accurate decisions based on feedback.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208251326795"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can We Estimate Motion Sickness Severity in Car Passengers Based on Individual Head Dynamics? 我们可以根据个人头部动态来估计汽车乘客晕车的严重程度吗？

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/00187208251326683

William Emond, André Tomalka, Aysenur Bektas, Mohsen Zare

{"title":"Can We Estimate Motion Sickness Severity in Car Passengers Based on Individual Head Dynamics?","authors":"William Emond, André Tomalka, Aysenur Bektas, Mohsen Zare","doi":"10.1177/00187208251326683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208251326683","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis study investigates the relationship between motion sickness and body movements experienced by car passengers during non-driving related activities.BackgroundThe theory linking motion sickness to postural instability is well-documented in static environments. However, evidence supporting this theory in dynamic environments, such as moving vehicles, is still lacking.MethodUsing an experimental approach replicating a naturalistic 15-min car ride, 56 participants were equipped with an in-ear sensor to measure the linear accelerations of the head. Participants reported their motion sickness severity at 3-min intervals during the experiment and once more post experimentation. Additionally, the UniPG numerical model was used to estimate motion sickness severity.ResultsThe study identified significant relationships between specific head movement patterns and motion sickness severity, even though the overall symptoms reported were mild. Nonlinear interactions were identified between the standard deviation (p = .032) and the skewness (p = .028) of longitudinal head acceleration, as well as for the skewness (p = .004) and kurtosis (p = .008) of lateral head acceleration. Predictions from the UniPG model correlated with subjective ratings for 67% of participants with some motion sickness symptoms.ConclusionHighly variable longitudinal movements appear more tolerable when lateral movements remain symmetric; however, when both variability and asymmetry in head movements are present together in a specific pattern, they may exacerbate motion sickness symptoms.ApplicationIncorporating motion sickness prediction models in vehicles, based on the measurement of head movements, might improve detection of the escalation of symptoms in car passengers.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208251326683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive Aid Design Using Diminished Reality to Support Selective Attention by Reducing Distraction. 认知辅助设计使用减少现实支持选择性注意力通过减少分心。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/00187208251325169

Anne Collins McLaughlin, Maribeth Gandy Coleman, Vicky Byrne, Rachel Benton, Frank Lodge, Trevor Patten

{"title":"Cognitive Aid Design Using Diminished Reality to Support Selective Attention by Reducing Distraction.","authors":"Anne Collins McLaughlin, Maribeth Gandy Coleman, Vicky Byrne, Rachel Benton, Frank Lodge, Trevor Patten","doi":"10.1177/00187208251325169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208251325169","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveWe conducted two experiments to understand the effects of computationally diminishing reality on performance, awareness of the environment, and subjective workload.BackgroundAdvances in extended reality (XR) technologies make it possible to alter or remove auditory and visual distractions from an environment. Though distractions are known to harm performance, there is no work examining the effects of removal via XR.MethodAcross two samples, STEM graduate students and Johnson Space Center employees, the effects of reducing distraction during a novel, demanding assembly task via a form of XR (diminished reality) were compared to a full distraction control condition, studied in a virtual reality (VR) environment. In one condition, participants experienced universal attenuation of distractions. In a second condition, attenuation was context-aware: only nontask objects were made less visible and only unimportant off-task audio was eliminated.ResultsBoth experiments found subjective workload could be lowered via a Diminished reality (DR) aid. The STEM graduate student sample showed a benefit of a DR aid for performance and environment awareness; however, the sample of professionals from Johnson Space Center showed no performance differences with the DR aids. There were mixed results regarding awareness of the location of objects and events outside of the assembly task.ConclusionDR aids can have effects similar to those seen in studies that removed distractions entirely. More work is needed to understand the match between distraction removal design and task.ApplicationThese findings contribute to the development of a class of XR aids: Diminished Reality.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208251325169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exoskeletons in Intermittent Bending Tasks: Assessing Muscle Demands, Endurance, and User Perspectives. 外骨骼在间歇性弯曲任务：评估肌肉需求，耐力，和用户的观点。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/00187208251324036

Pranav Madhav Kuber, Ehsan Rashedi

{"title":"Exoskeletons in Intermittent Bending Tasks: Assessing Muscle Demands, Endurance, and User Perspectives.","authors":"Pranav Madhav Kuber, Ehsan Rashedi","doi":"10.1177/00187208251324036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208251324036","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveWe investigated effects of a Back-support industrial exoskeleton (BSIE) across intermittently performed unloaded trunk bending task cycles.BackgroundIndustrial tasks are often performed in the form of task cycles with varying activities and rest breaks after each task cycle. Investigating the effects of BSIEs during such intermittent tasks is crucial to understand translation of their benefits in real-world environments.MethodTwelve participants performed ∼709 task cycles (sustained bending, bending and retraction, standing still, and relaxation activities) with/without BSIE (E/NE) and with/without 45° asymmetry (S/A) towards left until fatigue. Evaluated measures included muscle activity in left (LES)/right (RES) erector spinae and left (LBF)/right (RBF) biceps femoris muscles, endurance, and user perspectives. Temporal effects of fatigue were examined by categorizing muscle activity based on perceived exertion level with Borg scale.ResultsBSIE reduced low-back (LES, RES), and leg (LBF, RBF) mean amplitude by ∼ 18-24% and ∼10-17% respectively. Benefits of BSIE in low-back reduced by ∼11-15% at medium versus low fatigue. Overall, BSIE led to 50% more completed task cycles and was favorably rated by participants in reducing physical demands, most especially during sustained bending portion of the task cycles.ConclusionUsing BSIE in intermittent bending tasks can not only provide benefits in reducing muscle demands but can also delay effects of fatigue in low-back region and increase endurance by enabling wearers to perform more task cycles.ApplicationFindings from this study may be beneficial to practitioners for setting guidelines on implementation of BSIEs in industrial bending tasks.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208251324036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Workload and Task Priority on Multitasking Performance and Reliance on Level 1 Explainable AI (XAI) Use. 工作量和任务优先级对多任务性能的影响以及对一级可解释人工智能（XAI）使用的依赖。

IF 2.9 3区心理学

Human Factors Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1177/00187208251323478

Jawad Alami, Mohamad El Iskandarani, Sara Lu Riggs

{"title":"The Effect of Workload and Task Priority on Multitasking Performance and Reliance on Level 1 Explainable AI (XAI) Use.","authors":"Jawad Alami, Mohamad El Iskandarani, Sara Lu Riggs","doi":"10.1177/00187208251323478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208251323478","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis study investigates the effects of workload and task priority on multitasking performance and reliance on Level 1 Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) systems in high-stakes decision environments.BackgroundOperators in critical settings manage multiple tasks under varying levels of workload and priority, potentially leading to performance degradation. XAI offers opportunities to support decision making by providing insights into AI's reasoning, yet its adoption and effectiveness in multitasking scenarios remain underexplored.MethodThirty participants engaged in a simulated multitasking environment, involving UAV command and control tasks, with the assistance of a Level 1 (i.e., basic perceptual information) XAI system on one of the tasks. The study utilized a within-subjects experimental design, manipulating workload (low, medium, and high) and AI-supported-task priority (low and high) across six conditions. Participants' accuracy, use of automatic rerouting, AI miss detection, false alert identification, and use of AI explanations were measured and analyzed across the different experimental conditions.ResultsWorkload significantly hindered performance on the AI-assisted task and increased reliance on the AI system especially when the AI-assisted task was given low priority. The use of AI explanations was significantly affected by task priority only.ConclusionAn increase in workload led to proper offloading by relying on the AI's alerts, but it also led to a lower rate of alert verification despite the alert feature's high false alert rate.ApplicationThe findings from the present work help inform AI system designers on how to design their systems for high-stakes environments such that reliance on AI is properly calibrated.","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"187208251323478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0