Human Factors最新文献

{"title":"Who Gets Caught in the Web of Lies?: Understanding Susceptibility to Phishing Emails, Fake News Headlines, and Scam Text Messages.","authors":"Dawn M Sarno, Jeffrey Black","doi":"10.1177/00187208231173263","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231173263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study investigated if the same users are vulnerable to phishing emails, scam text messages, and fake news headlines and if there are universal predictors of susceptibility for all three tasks.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Theoretical research provides support for the notion that the same users likely fall for multiple forms of online deception. However, no research has directly compared susceptibility for various online deceptions (eg phishing, disinformation, scam text messages) within the same group of users.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants completed an online survey consisting of demographic questions, the Cognitive Reflection Test (ie impulsivity), and the Digital Literacy Scale, and classified 90 legitimate and deceptive emails, text messages, and news headlines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results suggest that individuals who struggle to discriminate between deceptive and legitimate stimuli on one task experience similar difficulties on the other two tasks. Additionally, while lower levels of digital literacy and cognitive reflectiveness predicted poorer discrimination abilities across all three tasks, age did not predict performance. Interestingly, participants appeared to be the most susceptible to phishing emails.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, individuals who fall for one form of online deception appear to be more likely to fall for other forms of deception, and digital literacy and cognitive reflectiveness can predict widespread vulnerability to online deception.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>Organizations may be able to identify potential vulnerabilities for a variety of online attacks by measuring digital literacy, cognitive reflectiveness, and performance in one online deception task. Additionally, training interventions may be the most needed for phishing emails.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1742-1753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9747630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boring But Demanding: Using Secondary Tasks to Counter the Driver Vigilance Decrement for Partially Automated Driving.","authors":"Scott Mishler, Jing Chen","doi":"10.1177/00187208231168697","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231168697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated secondary-task-based countermeasures to the vigilance decrement during a simulated partially automated driving (PAD) task, with the goal of understanding the underlying mechanism of the vigilance decrement and maintaining driver vigilance in PAD.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Partial driving automation requires a human driver to monitor the roadway, but humans are notoriously bad at monitoring tasks over long periods of time, demonstrating the vigilance decrement in such tasks. The overload explanations of the vigilance decrement predict the decrement to be worse with added secondary tasks due to increased task demands and depleted attentional resources, whereas the underload explanations predict the vigilance decrement to be alleviated with secondary tasks due to increased task engagement.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants watched a driving video simulating PAD and were required to identify hazardous vehicles throughout the 45-min drive. A total of 117 participants were assigned to three different vigilance-intervention conditions including a driving-related secondary task (DR) condition, a non-driving-related secondary task (NDR) condition, and a control condition with no secondary tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the vigilance decrement was shown over time, reflected in increased response times, reduced hazard detection rates, reduced response sensitivity, shifted response criterion, and subjective reports on task-induced stress. Compared to the DR and the control conditions, the NDR displayed a mitigated vigilance decrement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provided convergent evidence for both resource depletion and disengagement as sources of the vigilance decrement.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>The practical implication is that infrequent and intermittent breaks using a non-driving related task may help alleviate the vigilance decrement in PAD systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1798-1811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11044522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9856829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It's Not Only What You Say, But Also How You Say It: Machine Learning Approach to Estimate Trust from Conversation.","authors":"Mengyao Li, Isabel M Erickson, Ernest V Cross, John D Lee","doi":"10.1177/00187208231166624","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231166624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to estimate trust from conversations using both lexical and acoustic data.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>As NASA moves to long-duration space exploration operations, the increasing need for cooperation between humans and virtual agents requires real-time trust estimation by virtual agents. Measuring trust through conversation is a novel and unintrusive approach.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A 2 (reliability) × 2 (cycles) × 3 (events) within-subject study with habitat system maintenance was designed to elicit various levels of trust in a conversational agent. Participants had trust-related conversations with the conversational agent at the end of each decision-making task. To estimate trust, subjective trust ratings were predicted using machine learning models trained on three types of conversational features (i.e., lexical, acoustic, and combined). After training, model explanation was performed using variable importance and partial dependence plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that a random forest algorithm, trained using the combined lexical and acoustic features, predicted trust in the conversational agent most accurately <math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><msubsup><mi>R</mi><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>0.71</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>. The most important predictors were a combination of lexical and acoustic cues: average sentiment considering valence shifters, the mean of formants, and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC). These conversational features were identified as partial mediators predicting people's trust.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Precise trust estimation from conversation requires lexical cues and acoustic cues.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>These results showed the possibility of using conversational data to measure trust, and potentially other dynamic mental states, unobtrusively and dynamically.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1724-1741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11044523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9714812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectancy or Salience?-Replicating Senders' Dial-Monitoring Experiments With a Gaze-Contingent Window.","authors":"Yke Bauke Eisma, Ahmed Bakay, Joost de Winter","doi":"10.1177/00187208231176148","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231176148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the 1950s and 1960s, John Senders carried out a number of influential experiments on the monitoring of multidegree-of-freedom systems. In these experiments, participants were tasked with detecting events (threshold crossings) for multiple dials, each presenting a signal with different bandwidth. Senders' analyses showed a nearly linear relationship between signal bandwidth and the amount of attention paid to the dial, and he argued that humans sample according to bandwidth, in line with the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study tested whether humans indeed sample the dials based on bandwidth alone or whether they also use salient peripheral cues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dial-monitoring task was performed by 33 participants. In half of the trials, a gaze-contingent window was used that blocked peripheral vision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that, without peripheral vision, humans do not effectively distribute their attention across the dials. The findings also suggest that, when given full view, humans can detect the speed of the dial using their peripheral vision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is concluded that salience and bandwidth are both drivers of distributed visual attention in a dial-monitoring task.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>The present findings indicate that salience plays a major role in guiding human attention. A subsequent recommendation for future human-machine interface design is that task-critical elements should be made salient.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1770-1785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11044528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9490653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driver Expectations of a Partial Driving Automation System in Relation to Branding and Training.","authors":"Jeremiah Singer, Brian C Tefft, Aaron Benson, James W Jenness, William J Horrey","doi":"10.1177/00187208221143024","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208221143024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study examined whether differences in the branding and description or mode of training materials influence drivers' understanding and expectations of a partial driving automation system.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>How technology is described might influence consumers' understanding and expectations, even if all information is accurate.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Ninety drivers received training about a real partial driving automation system with a fictitious name. Participants were randomly assigned to a branding condition (system named <i>AutonoDrive</i>, training emphasized capabilities; or system named <i>DriveAssist</i>, training emphasized limitations) and training mode (quick-start brochure; video; or in-person demonstration). No safety-critical information was withheld nor deliberately misleading information provided. After training, participants drove a vehicle equipped with the system. Associations of drivers' expectations with branding condition and training mode were assessed using between-subjects comparisons of questionnaire responses obtained pre- and post-drive.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immediately after training, those who received information emphasizing the system's capabilities had greater expectations of the system's function and crash avoidance capability in a variety of driving scenarios, including many in which the system would not work, as well as greater willingness to utilize the system's workload reduction benefits to take more risks. Most but not all differences persisted after driving the vehicle. Expectations about collision avoidance differed by training mode pre-drive but not post-drive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Training that emphasizes a partial driving automation system's capabilities and downplays its limitations can foster overconfidence.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>Accuracy of technical information does not guarantee understanding; training should provide a balanced view of a system's limitations as well as capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1531-1544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10943610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10382282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective Communication Patterns Associated With Team Member Effectiveness in Real-World Virtual Teams.","authors":"Lisa O'Bryan, Tim Oxendahl, Xu Chen, Daniel McDuff, Santiago Segarra, Matthew Wettergreen, Margaret E Beier, Ashutosh Sabharwal","doi":"10.1177/00187208221147341","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208221147341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We explore the relationships between objective communication patterns displayed during virtual team meetings and established, qualitative measures of team member effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>A key component of teamwork is communication. Automated measures of objective communication patterns are becoming more feasible and offer the ability to measure and monitor communication in a scalable, consistent and continuous manner. However, their validity in reflecting meaningful measures of teamwork processes are not well established, especially in real-world settings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We studied real-world virtual student teams working on semester-long projects. We captured virtual team meetings using the Zoom video conferencing platform throughout the semester and periodic surveys comprising peer ratings of team member effectiveness. Leveraging audio transcripts, we examined relationships between objective measures of speaking time, silence gap duration and vocal turn-taking and peer ratings of team member effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Speaking time, speaking turn count, degree centrality and (marginally) speaking turn duration, but not silence gap duration, were positively related to individual-level team member effectiveness. Time in dyadic interactions and interaction count, but not interaction length, were positively related to dyad-level team member effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the relevance of objective measures of speaking time and vocal turn-taking to team member effectiveness in virtual project-based teams, supporting the validity of these objective measures and their use in future research.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>Our approach offers a scalable, easy-to-use method for measuring communication patterns and team member effectiveness in virtual teams and opens the opportunity to study these patterns in a more continuous and dynamic manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1414-1430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10412159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Effects of Gender Transfer in Virtual Reality on Implicit Gender Bias.","authors":"Linfeng Wu, Karen B Chen","doi":"10.1177/00187208221145264","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208221145264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of gender transfer in virtual reality on implicit gender bias.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender bias is a type of discrimination based on gender, which can lead to increased self-doubt and decreased self-esteem. Sexual harassment is a hostile form of gender bias that can cause anxiety, depression, and significant mental health issues. Virtual reality (VR) has been employed to help make people become aware of their biases and change their attitudes regarding gender, race, and age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty participants were embodied in avatars of different genders and experienced sexual harassment scenarios in VR. A gender Implicit Association Test (IAT) was administered before and after the experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significant main effect of participant gender (<i>F</i> (1,36) = 10.67, <i>p</i> = .002, partial η² = .23) on ΔIAT, where males and females reported a decrease (M = -.12, SD = .24) and an increase (M = .10, SD = .25) in IAT scores, respectively. A statistically significant two-way interaction between gender transfer and participant gender was revealed (<i>F</i> (1,36) = 6.32, <i>p</i> = .02, partial η² = .15). There was a significant simple effect of gender transfer for male participants (<i>F</i> (1,36) = 8.70, <i>p</i> = .006, partial η² = .19).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implicit gender bias can be modified, at least temporarily, through embodiment in VR. Gender transfer through embodiment while encountering different sexual harassment scenarios helped reduce implicit gender bias. There was a tendency for individuals to increase bias for the gender of the avatar in which they embodied.</p><p><strong>Applications: </strong>The current research provided promising evidence that a virtual environment system may be used as a potential training tool to improve implicit gender bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1504-1519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10500792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relevance of Attention Control, Not Working Memory, in Human Factors.","authors":"Richard Pak, Anne Collins McLaughlin, Randall Engle","doi":"10.1177/00187208231159727","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231159727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Discuss the human factors relevance of attention control (AC), a domain-general ability to regulate information processing functions in the service of goal-directed behavior.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Working memory (WM) measures appear as predictors in various applied psychology studies. However, measures of WM reflect a mixture of memory storage and controlled attention making it difficult to interpret the meaning of significant WM-task relations for human factors. In light of new research, complex task performance may be better predicted or explained with new measures of attention control rather than WM.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We briefly review the topic of individual differences in abilities in Human Factors. Next, we focus on WM, how it is measured, and what can be inferred from significant WM-task relations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The theoretical underpinnings of attention control as a high-level factor that affects complex thought and behavior make it useful in human factors, which often study performance in complex and dynamic task environments. To facilitate research on attention control in applied settings, we discuss a validated measure of attention control that predicts more variance in complex task performance than WM. In contrast to existing measures of WM or AC, our measures of attention control only require 3 minutes each (10 minutes total) and may be less culture-bound making them suitable for use in applied settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Explaining or predicting task performance relations with attention control rather than WM may have dramatically different implications for designing more specific, equitable task interfaces, or training.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>A highly efficient ability predictor can help researchers and practitioners better understand task requirements for human factors interventions or performance prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1321-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10852263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific Neural Strategies During Fatiguing Work in Older Adults.","authors":"Oshin Tyagi, Ranjana K Mehta","doi":"10.1177/00187208231159526","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208231159526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Historical biases in ergonomics-related studies have been attributed to lack of participant diversity and sensitivity of measurements to capture variability between diverse groups. We posit that a neuroergonomics approach, that is, study of brain-behavior relationships during fatiguing work, allows for unique insights on sex differences in fatigue mechanisms that are not available via traditional \"neck down\" measurement approaches.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the supraspinal mechanisms of exercise performance under fatigue and determined if there were any sex differences in these mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-nine older adults performed submaximal handgrip contractions until voluntary fatigue. Traditional ergonomics measures, namely, force variability, electromyography (EMG) of arm muscles, and strength and endurance times, and prefrontal and motor cortex hemodynamic responses were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences observed between older males and females in fatigability outcomes (i.e., endurance times, strength loss, and EMG activity) and brain activation. Effective connectivity from prefrontal to motor areas was significant for both sexes throughout the task, but during fatigue, males had higher interregional connectivity than females.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>While traditional metrics of fatigue were comparable between the sexes, we observed distinct sex-specific neuromotor strategies (i.e., information flow between frontal-motor regions) that were adopted by older adults to maintain motor performance.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>The findings from this study offer insights into the capabilities and adaptation strategies of older men and women under fatiguing conditions. This knowledge can facilitate in the development of effective and targeted ergonomic strategies that accommodate for the varying physical capacities of diverse worker demographics.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1490-1503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9438740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Team Dynamics and Collaborative Problem-Solving for Lunar Construction: Lessons From Complex Construction Scenarios on Earth.","authors":"Katie M Harris, Aleksandra Stankovic, Stijn Thoolen, Gary Strangman, Barrett Caldwell, Stephen K Robinson","doi":"10.1177/00187208221148610","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208221148610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper surveys the existing literature surrounding problem-solving and team dynamics in complex and unpredictable scenarios, and evaluates the applicability of studying Earth-based construction teams to identify training needs for Lunar construction crews.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Lunar and other space exploration construction crews will work in extreme environments and face unpredictable challenges, necessitating real-time problem-solving to address unexpected contingencies. This work will require coordination with Mission Control and autonomous assistants, so crew training must account for multi-agent, distributed teamwork.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A narrative literature review identified processes, attributes, and skills necessary for the success of Lunar construction teams. We summarized relevant frameworks and synthesized collective findings into over-arching trends and remaining research gaps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While significant literature exists surrounding team performance, very little systematic inquiry has been done with a focus on Lunar construction crews and operations, particularly with respect to dynamic problem-solving and team-based decision-making. Established and standardized metrics for evaluating team performance are lacking, resulting in significant variation in reported outcomes between studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lunar and other space exploration construction teams will need training that focuses on developing the right approach to team-based problem-solving, rather than on preparing response execution for known contingencies. An investigation of successful Earth-based construction crews may facilitate the development of relevant metrics for training future Lunar construction crews.</p><p><strong>Application: </strong>Metrics and team training protocols developed for future Lunar construction teams may be adaptable and applicable to a wide range of extreme teams facing uncertain challenges, such as aircrews, surgical teams, first responders, and construction crews.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"1616-1632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10495406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}