Cancer Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of GLP-1 receptor agonist-induced weight loss on 22 cancers in the next ten years using a Markov state-transition model – A UK weight and wellness cancer landscape analysis","authors":"Jiawen Dong ,&nbsp;Thomas Starkey ,&nbsp;Vinton W.T. Cheng ,&nbsp;James Clark ,&nbsp;David J. Pinato ,&nbsp;Timothy Robinson ,&nbsp;Michael Tilby ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Turnbull ,&nbsp;Lennard YW Lee ,&nbsp;On behalf of the UK weight and wellness research consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is a major risk factor for many cancers. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have emerged as highly effective agents for weight loss. There is a lack of published modelling studies describing the broader implications of GLP-1RA-induced weight loss on cancer incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Markov state-transition model was devised to evaluate the impact of GLP-1RA-induced weight loss on future cancer incidence in adults. Contemporary data on weight distribution, cancer incidence, and body mass index (BMI)-associated cancer risk were integrated into the model. Two scenarios were assessed, GLP-1RAs were made available to all people with obesity (BMI&gt;30) or only those with severe obesity (BMI&gt;35). New cancer cases were simulated over a decade.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our simulation within a closed cohort indicated that GLP-1RA-induced weight loss would lead to a marked decrease in cancer cases over 10 years in adults. If GLP-1RAs were made available for all people with obesity and 50 % of people with obesity moved into a lower BMI category, there was a simulated reduction in cumulative cancer cases of 21,443. If access to GLP-1RAs was restricted to people with severe obesity and 50 % of people with severe obesity moved into a lower BMI category, there was a simulated reduction in cumulative cancer cases of 7476. This effect was greatest for uterine, kidney, liver and colon cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Targeted weight control measures using GLP-1RAs could reduce new cancer cases. Based on our models, the potential risk of thyroid cancer is balanced by a reduction in other cancer types. This modelling study shows for the first time that implementing effective weight loss programmes could enhance the health of the population over the next decade through a reduction in cancer cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the burden of cancer in Puerto Rico’s oldest residents","authors":"Jason T. Semprini ,&nbsp;Félix M. Pabón-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Eduardo J. Santiago-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Israel A. Almodóvar-Rivera","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Puerto Rico, a United States (U.S.) territory with 99 % of its inhabitants identifying as Hispanic/Latino, has one of the most rapid aging populations in the world. We quantified the incidence and mortality of cancer among 85 + year-old residents of Puerto Rico, and compared these rates with Hispanic/Latino populations in the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We accessed cancer incidence and mortality rates (2005–2021) from the United States Cancer Statistics and North American Association of Centralized Cancer Registries datafiles. Cancers were restricted to males and females of age 85 + . In addition to analyzing Puerto Rico data, we also analyzed incidence and mortality rates in nine U.S. states with large Hispanic/Latino populations. We calculated annual percentage changes (APCs), Mortality-Incidence Ratios (MIRs), and Standardized Incidence and Mortality Ratios (SIRs, SMRs) for all cancers and specific sites.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, Puerto Rico’s population aged 85 + was 108,041. Since 2001, cancer incidence and mortality rates for both males and females aged 85 + in Puerto Rico declined. Puerto Rico’s decline in male cancer incidence (APC = −3.1 %) and mortality (APC = −3.3 %) exceeded the respective decline in incidence (APC = −0.08 %) and mortality (APC = −0.9 %) in Hispanic/Latino male populations in the U.S. However, in 2021, the MIR in 85 + females in Puerto Rico (0.73) and males (0.94) were higher than most comparable state MIRs. While stable in most other U.S. Hispanic/Latino populations, between 2005 and 2021 in Puerto Rico, the proportion of staged cancers diagnosed at advanced stages increased 12 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While significant progress has been made in reducing cancer incidence and mortality among Puerto Rico’s oldest residents, challenges persist. Policies improving healthcare access could help reduce the burden of cancer incidence and mortality among Puerto Rico’s aging population. Data revealing disaggregated ethnicity and nationality beyond Hispanic/Latino could further inform targeted efforts to advance cancer equity across the U.S.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical relevance of microplastic exposure on colorectal cancer: A systematic review","authors":"Habibeh Mashayekhi-Sardoo ,&nbsp;Zohreh-Al-Sadat Ghoreshi ,&nbsp;Hedyeh Askarpour ,&nbsp;Nasir Arefinia ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali-Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic exposure can contaminate multiple organs through nasal, dermal, and respiratory routes. The effect of microplastic exposure on colorectal adenocarcinoma development has gained attention. This systematic review aimed to summarize studies of microplastic exposure in humans with colorectal cancer. The relevant studies were collected through a computer-assisted search in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. A total of 747 documents were evaluated for eligibility by two independent authors. The quality assessment of eligible studies was evaluated by the JBI checklist, and required data were collected and extracted from the included studies. After analysis, four studies were found eligible. The microplastic infiltration in colorectal tissue biopsies was relatively high; polyamide, polycarbonate, and polypropylene polymers were among the most common polymers in colorectal tissue samples of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. The average particle size was 0.1 µm to 1.6 mm. Microplastics shape in colorectal cancerous tissue, including fibers, fragments, and films. Microplastic abundance in colorectal tumor tissue was 25.9–32.2 particles/g tissue. In the case-control study, the microplastic accumulation in colorectal cancer tissue samples was significantly higher than in controls. The etiology of colorectal cancer remains unclear; however, environmental factors are actively contributing to colorectal cancer development. While there are few studies on microplastics in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, existing evidence indicates microplastic accumulation in the colorectal tissue of these patients. Further research is needed to determine if microplastic exposure initiates or leads to the development of colorectal cancer events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome and risk of esophageal cancer by histological type: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies","authors":"Shi-Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Hejie Wang ,&nbsp;Menglan Zhong ,&nbsp;Xiaona Qi ,&nbsp;Shao-Hua Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous epidemiological studies have provided inconsistent findings regarding the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of esophageal cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a comprehensive literature search for prospective studies in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through April 2024. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between MetS and risk of esophageal cancer by histological type. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran's Q test and <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 8097 identified studies, six studies were included. MetS was associated with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (pooled HR=1.24; 95 %CI, 1.07–1.42; P_{heterogeneity}=0.392, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em>=3.8 %, N = 6), but not esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR=0.89; 95 % CI, 0.58–1.36; P_{heterogeneity}=0.040, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em>=68.9 %, N = 3). An increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma was indicated for hyperglycemia (HR= 1.14; 95 % CI, 1.01–1.29; P_{heterogeneity}=0.693, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em>=0.0 %, N = 3) and obesity (HR=1.50; 95 % CI, 1.24–1.82; P_{heterogeneity}=0.191, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em>=34.5 %, N = 5), rather than the other components of MetS, i.e. hypertension or levels of triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein. Hypertension was associated with seemingly increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR=1.39; 95 % CI, 0.93–2.09; P_{heterogeneity}=0.030, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em>=71.4 %, N = 3), while obesity was associated with a decreased risk (HR=0.65; 95 % CI, 0.38–1.12; P_{heterogeneity}=0.009, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em>=78.7 %, N = 3); no associations were observed for the other components of MetS with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MetS, particularly hyperglycemia and obesity, may increase the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. MetS, by and large, may not influence the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of all-cause, melanoma-specific, and cardiovascular mortality in melanoma patients from 2005 to 2020","authors":"Astha Prasai ,&nbsp;Nischit Baral ,&nbsp;Mohamad K. Elajami ,&nbsp;Esha Vallabhaneni ,&nbsp;Joshua D. Mitchell ,&nbsp;Uzma Iqbal ,&nbsp;Hisham F. Bahmad ,&nbsp;Francine K. Welty ,&nbsp;Tarec K. Elajami","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent advances in melanoma treatment, including immunotherapy and targeted therapy, have significantly improved survival among melanoma patients after 2010. However, these changes may have influenced mortality trends, including those related to cardiovascular (CV) events.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In this study, we assess mortality trends including CV mortality in melanoma patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 registry, we examined melanoma incidence and CV, melanoma-specific, and all-cause mortalities from 2005 to 2020. We utilized Joinpoint software to estimate the annual percentage change (APC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 299,993 melanoma patients (173,889 males; 126,104 females). The incidence of melanoma increased by 0.6 % annually (95 % CI: 0.3–1.5, p &lt; 0.05) from 2005 to 2019, followed by a 6.3 % decrease (95 % CI: −9.9 to −0.7, p &lt; 0.05) in 2020. All-cause mortality increased annually by 8.3 % (95 % CI: 6.7–11.3, p &lt; 0.05) from 2005 to 2010, then by 3.3 % (95 % CI: 2.8–3.7, p &lt; 0.05) after 2010. Melanoma-specific mortality increased by 2.0 % annually (95 % CI: 0.8–3.5, p &lt; 0.05) from 2005 until 2013, after which it declined by 5.1 % (95 % CI: −7.3 to −3.8, p &lt; 0.05). CV mortality increased by 7.1 % annually (95 % CI: 4.6–9.4, p &lt; 0.05) from 2005 to 2020. Trends were similar across sexes, with a non-significant higher APC in CV mortality noted among females from 2017 to 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study shows despite the significant decrease in all-cause and melanoma-specific mortalities after 2010, likely reflecting the benefits of modern therapies, CV mortality continued to rise. These findings underscore the need for long-term surveillance and CV risk management in melanoma patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic disease and risk of multiple myeloma: A case-control study","authors":"Simon Cheah ,&nbsp;Adrian J. Lowe ,&nbsp;Nina Afshar ,&nbsp;Julie K. Bassett ,&nbsp;Fiona J. Bruinsma ,&nbsp;Wendy Cozen ,&nbsp;Simon J. Harrison ,&nbsp;John L. Hopper ,&nbsp;Harindra Jayasekara ,&nbsp;H. Miles Prince ,&nbsp;Claire M. Vajdic ,&nbsp;Nicole Wong Doo ,&nbsp;Graham G. Giles ,&nbsp;Shyamali C. Dharmage ,&nbsp;Roger L. Milne","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Multiple myeloma (MM) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, yet our knowledge regarding MM aetiology remains limited. We investigated whether a history of allergic conditions is associated with MM risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Incident cases (n = 782) of MM were recruited via cancer registries in Victoria and NSW. Controls (n = 733) were siblings (n = 436) or spouses (n = 297) of cases. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for associations between self-reported allergic conditions (asthma, eczema, food allergy, hay fever) and MM risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eczema was inversely associated with MM risk (OR = 0.54, 95 %CI = 0.42–0.70), as was a combined history of food allergy and eczema (OR = 0.52, 95 %CI = 0.29–0.93). There was an inverse association between a history of any allergic condition (compared with none) and risk of MM (OR = 0.68, 95 %CI = 0.55–0.84). In the mean-centred dose-risk analysis the OR was 0.87 (95 %CI = 0.73–1.04) per additional allergic condition of interest. No notable associations were identified for food allergy, asthma, or hay fever alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and future directions</h3><div>We found that a history of allergic disease, particularly eczema, was associated with reduced MM risk. Further research is recommended to confirm findings and investigate potential mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring temporal trends and influencing factors for upper digestive tract cancers in Guangzhou, China: 2010–2020","authors":"Yawen Wang ,&nbsp;Boheng Liang ,&nbsp;Suixiang Wang ,&nbsp;Huan Xu ,&nbsp;Ke Li ,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhou ,&nbsp;Jingyu Xu ,&nbsp;Yushuang Li ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanhong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Hu ,&nbsp;Pengzhe Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The burden of upper digestive tract cancers is heavy in China and the world. This study was conducted to investigate the temporal trends and influencing factors associated with the incidence of upper digestive tract cancers in Guangzhou, China, from 2010 to 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, a jointpoint regression model was employed to analyze the temporal trends in the incidence of upper digestive tract cancers. Additionally, grey correlation analysis was utilized to examine the impact of correlation factors on the observed trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cancer incidence data came from Guangzhou Cancer Registry and population data came from Guangzhou Bureau of Statistics. Between 2010 and 2020, there were 5375 reported cases of esophageal cancer (EC) and 10,880 cases of gastric cancer (GC) in the region. The incidence rates were consistently higher in men than in women, with the highest rates observed in both genders among individuals aged 80–84. Joinpoint regression analysis indicated a general decreasing trend in the incidence of both EC and GC. The incidence of EC in females has decreased significantly faster than in males, while the incidence of GC in females has remained more stable. Additionally, economic, medical, soil, and air quality factors are closely related to the incidence of these two types of cancer, although there are some differences between them.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The disease burden of upper digestive tract cancers in Guangzhou is relatively low. This study offers a social perspective for understanding and managing upper digestive tract cancers, and it provides valuable insights for optimizing cancer control strategies in other high-risk regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of non-virologic risk factors for lymphoma after the first year of kidney transplant in adults: A retrospective analysis","authors":"Alfonso H. Santos Jr,&nbsp;Amer Belal,&nbsp;Rohan Mehta,&nbsp;Hisham Ibrahim,&nbsp;Muhannad A. Leghrouz,&nbsp;Kawther Alquadan","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-virologic risk factors for lymphoma after the first kidney transplant (KT) year or late-onset post-transplant lymphoma (PTL) have been scarcely studied.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This secondary study re-analyzed de-identified, non-coded data. Cause-specific Cox regressions analyzed associations between non-virologic risk factors and lymphoma or all-cause mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with conditional cancer-free survival one year after KT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 166,256 adult KTRs, factors with the strongest risks for late-onset PTL were recipient age &gt; /= 65 and 50–64 years (HR = 2.38, 95 % CI = 2.25–2.77, HR = 1.77, 95 % CI= 1.58–1.79; respectively) and pretransplant cancer history (HR = 1.46, 95 % CI = 1.21–1.77). Other risk factors for late-onset PTL included alemtuzumab induction, other primary kidney disease, a prior KT, male KTR sex, expanded criteria (ECD) transplant, and acute rejection. Factors associated with a decreased risk of late-onset PTL, albeit with an increased mortality risk, included native diabetic renal disease, pre-transplant dialysis &gt; 2 years, and steroids or proliferation signal inhibitors maintenance immunosuppressant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Non-virologic risk factors including KTRs advanced age or male sex, prior cancer or KT, alemtuzumab induction, ECD transplant, and acute rejection are associated with PTL beyond the first post-KT year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-smoking women need more attention in lung cancer screening: A real-world study from China","authors":"Yancheng Wang ,&nbsp;Xingchen Shang ,&nbsp;Lijie Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongmin Peng ,&nbsp;Wangang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Seniors with a history of heavy smoking were defined as high-risk populations for lung cancer according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Lung Cancer Screening Guideline. We did a real-world study to explore the efficacy of the current NCCN Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines in the context of the real-life Chinese populations and possible directions for improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected hospital data from 2595 consecutive patients first diagnosed with lung cancer, comprising 1288 men and 1307 women. Analysing the distribution of lung cancer tumour characteristics and risk factors in different age and sex groups. Additionally, the number and proportion of high-risk populations in different sexes were calculated based on the NCCN Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were significant differences in the distribution of tumour characteristics and risk factors across sex and age groups. The proportions of lung adenocarcinoma and non-smokers were significantly higher in female patients compared with male patients. Older male patients showed significantly higher proportions of squamous cell carcinoma and heavy smokers than younger male patients. According to the NCCN screening criteria, there were 649 high-risk men and only 12 high-risk women. The proportion of high-risk populations in the aged lung cancer patients was 58.6 % in men and 1.2 % in women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In China, only a minority of female lung cancer patients meet the definition of the high-risk populations for the NCCN lung cancer screening guidelines. Future lung cancer screening strategies for the Chinese population should focus more on younger populations and pay greater attention to non-smoking women to avoid high rates of underdiagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between hospitalized infections in the first 24 months of life and risk of cancer in early-mid adulthood","authors":"Dorthe C. Pedersen ,&nbsp;Lise G. Bjerregaard ,&nbsp;Karen Dybkær ,&nbsp;Rikke K. Jacobsen ,&nbsp;Danielle K. Longmore ,&nbsp;David Burgner ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Baker ,&nbsp;Julie Aarestrup","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>It is increasingly recognized that early life factors play a role in the rising prevalence of cancer in young adult life. Acute childhood infections may protect against development of cancer, but evidence is limited. We investigated whether infection-related hospital contacts during the first 24 months of life were associated with the risk of cancer in early-mid adult life in a large population-based Danish cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 68,538 individuals (33,569; 49.0 % women) born 1977–1996 from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register. Using individual-level linkage to national registries, we obtained information on infection-related hospital contacts between birth and 24 months and early-onset cancer (diagnosed 15–45 years). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox regressions adjusted for maternal education.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From birth to 24 months of life, 14,718 individuals (21.5 %) had at least one infection-related hospital contact. During follow-up, 788 individuals were diagnosed with cancer. Compared to individuals who did not have an infection-related hospital contact, those who had a least one had a lower risk of early-mid adulthood cancer (HR=0.82, 95 % CI: 0.68–0.98). We found limited evidence of a dose-response inverse effect of infection-related hospital contacts on cancer risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Infection-related hospital contacts during the first 24 months of life was associated with a reduced risk of cancer in early-mid adult life. Replication in other populations is warranted and mechanistic studies are needed to understand the biological mechanisms underlying these epidemiological observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}