Víctor Carranza-Pinedo , Ulrich Krohs , S. Helene Richter
{"title":"Towards a scientific definition of animal emotions: Integrating innate, appraisal, and network mechanisms","authors":"Víctor Carranza-Pinedo , Ulrich Krohs , S. Helene Richter","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a mechanistic framework for understanding animal emotions, which is designed for biologists studying animal behavior and welfare. Researchers often examine emotions—short-term valenced experiences—through behavioral, somatic, and cognitive indicators. However, proposed indicators are often <em>ambivalent</em> (emerge in contexts with opposing emotional valence) or <em>undetermined</em> (arise in both affective and non-affective processes). To ground hypothesis formulation regarding animal emotions on a better foundation, the paper advocates for building on what we know regarding the mechanisms of human emotions—the behavioral rules that transform sensory input into motor output during emotional episodes. In particular, it integrates key assumptions from three dominant psychological theories of emotion—innate, appraisal, and network theories—into a single framework and argues that this can serve as a common ground to transfer insights from human to animal emotion research. Additionally, the paper tackles the question of how emotions relate to closely linked processes such as decision-making, distinguishing between parallel architecture models—where emotions and decision-making processes interact but remain distinct—and unified models—where affective states are conceived as integral to goal-oriented processes. Finally, we discuss how our mechanistic proposal can help us address four key questions in animal emotion research: Do animals experience emotions? If so, which animals experience emotions? Which emotions do they experience? And how do these emotions compare to human emotions? The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for further empirical research on the mechanisms of animal emotions and their distinction from other processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106127"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingyue Zhang , Yinghui Zhang , Yan Chen , Zhifeng Cen , Ji Li , Shasha Li , Haipeng Li , Lisheng Wan , Xue Xiao , Qinqiang Long
{"title":"Mechanistic insights and therapeutic approaches in tic disorders: The distinctive role of ethnomedicine and modern medical interventions","authors":"Mingyue Zhang , Yinghui Zhang , Yan Chen , Zhifeng Cen , Ji Li , Shasha Li , Haipeng Li , Lisheng Wan , Xue Xiao , Qinqiang Long","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tic disorders (TDs) are a class of neurodevelopmental disorders that have received considerable scientific attention. The genesis of TDs is increasingly understood as a complex interplay of neurobiological, genetic, and immunological factors. Animal model studies have elucidated the pathophysiology of TDs, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the etiologic basis, experimental framework, and treatment strategies for TDs, highlighting the contributions of ethnomedicine and modern medicine. Our synthesis aims to deepen the understanding of the disease and spur the development of superior treatments. In addition, we present new insights and hypotheses for the future management of TDs, emphasizing the need for continued research into their etiology and progression, as well as the pursuit of more effective therapies. We advocate personalized, holistic care strategies that focus on symptom relief and improving patients' quality of life. Overall, this review provides a critical compendium for TD researchers and practitioners to help navigate the complexities of these disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106130"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roland von Känel , John Usseglio , Danielle A. Rojas , Michelle L. David , Issa Khan , Parag Goyal , Donald Edmondson , Ian M. Kronish , Jeffrey L. Birk
{"title":"Peripheral physiologic responses to acute psychological stress in Takotsubo syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Roland von Känel , John Usseglio , Danielle A. Rojas , Michelle L. David , Issa Khan , Parag Goyal , Donald Edmondson , Ian M. Kronish , Jeffrey L. Birk","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) can be triggered by emotional stress, particularly in postmenopausal women, the primary patient group. However, the psychobiological mechanisms remain elusive. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature on peripheral physiological responses to acute psychological stress in TTS patients compared to controls. A meta-analysis was performed when data allowed. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023393222). PubMed, Embase, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP were searched from inception to February 2023, with PubMed re-searched in May 2024. Eligible studies involved adult TTS patients, included a control group, used standardized acute psychological stress induction, and measured at least one peripheral physiological marker pre- and post-stress. Risk of bias was assessed with the BIOCROSS tool. Meta-analysis used the R package metafor. Of 5752 records screened, 13 studies (k = 13) comprising 176 TTS patients and 197 controls were included. In the meta-analysis, TTS patients had higher post-stress plasma norepinephrine levels [Hedges' g= 0.50, 95 % CI (0.17, 0.84), p = 0.003, k = 5] and a marginally significant increase in stress-induced norepinephrine [g= 0.28, 95 % CI (-0.05, 0.61), p = 0.09, k = 5] compared to controls without established cardiovascular disease. They showed a smaller left ventricular ejection fraction change [g= -0.44, 95 % CI (-0.87, −0.02), p = .043, k = 3]. The systematic review additionally supported endothelial/vasomotor dysfunction (k = 3), wall motion abnormalities (k = 2), and impaired myocardial perfusion (k = 2) in TTS patients. TTS patients may exhibit distinct physiological responses to psychological stress, particularly in catecholamine levels and cardiac function. Limited studies and unclear bias reduce evidence strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106129"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristina Horne , Lucas de Andrade Saraiva , Leonardo Cruz de Souza , Muireann Irish
{"title":"Social interaction as a unique form of reward – Insights from healthy ageing and frontotemporal dementia","authors":"Kristina Horne , Lucas de Andrade Saraiva , Leonardo Cruz de Souza , Muireann Irish","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The drive for positive social interactions, or “social rewards”, is an important motivator of human behaviour, conferring several adaptive benefits. Social motivation fluctuates across the lifespan, reflecting changes in goals and priorities at different developmental stages. In older adulthood, for instance, priorities tend to shift toward maintaining emotional wellbeing and resources over seeking novel gains. Contemporary theories of social interaction must account for such motivational shifts, addressing the enhancement of social processing in ageing and its decline in dementia. Here, we propose a framework to track the evolution of social motivation across the lifespan, focusing on three mechanisms: (i) social interactions as rewards, (ii) learning from social interactions, and (iii) the effort required for social interactions. We posit that social rewards hold equivalent or increased value later in life, enhancing older adults’ social connections. Conversely, social rewards become devalued in neurodegenerative disorders such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD), resulting in social withdrawal. This integrative framework serves as a foundation for understanding adaptive and maladaptive trajectories of social motivation throughout the adult lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106128"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Niu , Qianqian Gao , Mingjun Xie , Tiffany Yip , Megan R. Gunnar , Wei Wang , Qinglin Xu , Yanjia Zhang , Danhua Lin
{"title":"Association of childhood adversity with HPA axis activity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Li Niu , Qianqian Gao , Mingjun Xie , Tiffany Yip , Megan R. Gunnar , Wei Wang , Qinglin Xu , Yanjia Zhang , Danhua Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Childhood adversity (CA) is associated with alteration of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. We conducted a meta-analysis to synthesize existing evidence on the association between CA and HPA axis activity among children and adolescents and investigate four research questions: (1) Is CA associated with different aspects of the HPA axis (i.e., diurnal cortisol, acute stress response, chronic cortisol levels)?, (2) Does this association vary by the child’s age?, (3) Are threat and deprivation dimensions of CA differentially associated with HPA axis activity?, and (4) Does this association depend on both the dimension and timing of CA? Meta-analyses were conducted with 129 studies reporting 506 effect sizes. Results showed significant associations between CA with higher afternoon cortisol levels (<em>r</em> = 0.053), a flatter diurnal slope (<em>r</em> = 0.048), more blunted reactivity (<em>r</em> = –0.043), and higher hair cortisol concentration (<em>r</em> = 0.098), but not other cortisol indicators (morning cortisol, cortisol awakening response, daily output, and cortisol recovery). Older children and adolescents had more pronounced blunted reactivity and steeper recovery with CA than younger children. Threat and deprivation did not differ in overall impact for any cortisol indicator; however, there are timing-dependent associations specific to threat or deprivation for some cortisol indicators. For instance, threat was associated with heightened reactivity when occurred before middle childhood, and with blunted reactivity when occurred after age 15 years; in contrast, deprivation was associated with blunted reactivity regardless of its timing. Findings could inform targeted interventions to reduce negative impacts of CA on development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106124"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natacha Vieitas-Gaspar , Carina Soares-Cunha , Ana João Rodrigues
{"title":"From valence encoding to motivated behavior: A focus on the nucleus accumbens circuitry","authors":"Natacha Vieitas-Gaspar , Carina Soares-Cunha , Ana João Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>How do our brains determine whether something is good or bad?</em> The brain's ability to evaluate stimuli as positive or negative – by attributing valence - is fundamental to survival and decision-making. Different brain regions have been associated with valence encoding, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The NAc is predominantly composed of GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which segregate into two distinct populations based on their dopamine receptor expression: D1-receptor-expressing (D1-MSNs) and D2-receptor-expressing neurons (D2-MSNs). Classical models propose a binary functional role, where D1-MSNs exclusively mediated reward and positive valence, while D2-MSNs processed aversion and negative valence. However, we now recognize that NAc MSN subpopulations operate in a more complex manner than previously thought, often working cooperatively rather than antagonistically in valence-related behaviors. This review synthesizes our current knowledge of valence-encoding neurocircuitry, with emphasis on the NAc. We examine electrophysiological, calcium imaging, optogenetic, chemogenetic and pharmacological studies detailing the contribution of NAc medium spiny neurons for rewarding and aversive responses. Finally, we explore emerging technical innovations that promise to advance our understanding of how the mammalian brain encodes valence and translates it into behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106125"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of maternal premating stress on the postnatal outcomes of offspring in rodent studies: A systematic review","authors":"Elin Kachuki Dory , Yoni Loterstein , Reut Hazani , Gil Zalsman , Aron Weller","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal premating stress (mPMS) has been linked to adverse outcomes in the next generation. In this systematic review, we examined the impact of mPMS on offspring’s neurodevelopmental milestones, behavioral outcomes, and physiological alterations before and after adulthood in rodent studies. We conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and APA PsycNet, using the terms \"premating stress\", \"pregestational stress\", “prepregnancy stress, and \"preconception stress”. Thirty studies that met exclusion and inclusion criteria and contained relevant data were included. The reviewed literature suggests that mPMS can delay progeny’s neurobehavioral development during the first week of life and increase their stressanxiety- and depression-like behaviors, especially before postnatal day 60. Furthermore, male offspring’s memory abilities may be impaired, although learning ability remained intact in both sexes. Finally, mPMS appear to have a negative impact mainly on male offsprings’ social behaviors. Some physiological alterations are discussed in relation to these behavioral outcomes, but cautiously, as studies’ foci were highly diverse and prevented identifying consistent patterns of results. We also note that dams’ recovery period, stress intensity and severity, type, duration, and offspring’s weaning age should be considered in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106114"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How might interoceptive accuracy training work?","authors":"Jennifer Murphy , Geoffrey Bird","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With growing interest in interoceptive training to enhance the perception of internal bodily signals, there is a need to consider the mechanisms by which training may improve performance on tests of interoceptive accuracy (i.e., tests designed to measure how well signals from the body can be perceived). In this brief paper we use the example of cardiac interoceptive accuracy training to outline several possible mechanisms by which such training may result in improvement on tests of cardiac interoceptive accuracy. We show that under many of these mechanisms, evidence of improvement on tasks that claim to measure cardiac interoceptive accuracy does not reflect improvement in the perception of cardiac signals. We provide several recommendations to mitigate the potential influence of factors unrelated to interoceptive accuracy, enabling it to be determined that an improvement in interoceptive accuracy has occurred following training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106126"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cameron M. Choo , Shifan Bai , Adam J. Privitera , Shen-Hsing Annabel Chen
{"title":"Brain imaging studies of multisensory integration in emotion perception: A scoping review","authors":"Cameron M. Choo , Shifan Bai , Adam J. Privitera , Shen-Hsing Annabel Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emotions are essential in everyday human functioning, yet accurately perceiving them is a complex task. Emotional cues originating from multiple sensory modalities need to be efficiently integrated to form holistic percepts. This process, known as emotional multisensory integration (eMSI), involves the recruitment of multiple brain regions and has been shown to enhance emotion perception. The present scoping review provides an updated and exhaustive overview of the current literature on brain regions underlying eMSI. In total, 12 relevant studies were identified for inclusion across four academic databases. Most included studies employed audio-visual paradigms, examined the integration of happy and angry emotional cues, and utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify brain regions involved in eMSI. Findings support that brain regions underlying both multisensory (e.g., thalamus, posterior superior temporal sulcus/gyrus) and emotional integration (e.g., fusiform gyrus, medial temporal gyrus) interact to enhance eMSI, leading to improved emotion detection. A need for additional research was also identified due to a lack of diverse populations, sensory combinations, and emotions investigated, as well as methodological issues identified across included studies. Future research should aim to expand its focus to address these underexplored areas, thereby advancing our understanding of eMSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56105,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106118"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}