Journal of Herbal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Adverse effects of herbal preparations of Pistacia species: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled clinical trials","authors":"Saeid Mohseni ,&nbsp;Narjes Gorji ,&nbsp;Reihaneh Moeini ,&nbsp;Zahra Meamariani ,&nbsp;Hoda Shirafkan","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Pistacia</em> species (spp.) have nutritional and therapeutic usage. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the safety of herbal preparations of <em>Pistacia</em> spp. in the randomised controlled clinical trials.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant keywords were searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to August 2023. The quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Pooled effect sizes for adverse events and withdrawal rates were reported as relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using RevMan software. Forest plots were generated to visualise effect sizes for each comparison.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-six eligible randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) were included in the pooled analysis (1<!--> <!-->851 subjects). Finally, 14 and 13 adverse events were reported for the intervention and comparator groups, respectively, without any significant difference (RR: 0.99 [95% CI: 0.48, 2.05]; Z: 0.01, <em>P</em>: 0.99). Most adverse events in the experimental groups were mild gastrointestinal events. The intervention groups reported lower withdrawal rate than the comparator groups. However, the difference was not significant (RR: 0.81 [95% CI: 0.62, 1.05]; Z: 1.61, <em>P</em>: 0.11). These findings were consistent across <em>Pistacia</em> spp. and treatment indication subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The safety of <em>Pistacia</em> spp. was comparable to that of placebo, regular diet, or conventional treatments, with few adverse events and no serious adverse events. However, given the high risk of bias, such as small sample sizes, future high-quality, large-scale RCTs with diverse demographics are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of these preparations especially for specific populations or long-term usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100988"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic properties and chemical composition of Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC. essential oil","authors":"Rajneesh Kumar,&nbsp;Pooja Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Bacterial food-borne diseases have been a major public health issue worldwide for decades. <em>Oenanthe javanica</em> (Blume) DC. is a small perennial herb of family Apiaceae, commonly found in Asia. The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic capabilities, as well as the antibacterial mechanism of action, of <em>Oenanthe javanica</em> essential oil (OJEO).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In-vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by Disc diffusion and microbroth dilution methods against <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Typhimurium (ATCC 14028). Flow cytometric analysis was done to assess the effects of oil on membrane integrity and membrane potential. Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM) was done to investigate morphological and intracellular damages initiated by the oil. Phytochemical profiling of oil was done by Gas Chromatography Mass - Spectrometry (GC-MS). Anti-proliferative property of OJEO was measured against 5 proliferative cell lines by MTT and NRU assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OJEO exhibited encouraging antibacterial activity against <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Typhimurium (ATCC 14028); MIC and MBC values were 1000 μg/mL and 1500 μg/mL, respectively. Oil treatment compromised bacterial membrane integrity and led to a decreased bacterial membrane potential. (SEM) and (TEM) analyses confirmed oil induced morphological and intracellular damage. Phytochemical characterization affirmed 47 components with <em>β</em>-pinene (11.29 %), <em>γ</em>-terpinene (32.55%), <em>p</em>-cymene (20.83%), <em>α</em>-terpinolene (7.42 %), myrcene (2.09 %) as major chemical constituents. Oil had moderate antiproliferative activity against A549, MCF-7, HaCat, HCT116 and HepG2 cell lines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study illustrates the significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of OJEO, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent for bacterial diseases. Food systems and associated industries may utilise OJEO as a natural solution for combating food-borne bacteria and as a preservative agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Bunium persicum and Piper nigrum in the Treatment of Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease: A Double-Blinded Randomised Clinical Trial","authors":"Arezoo Rajaee ,&nbsp;Peyman Petramfar ,&nbsp;Ramin Ansari ,&nbsp;Sara Asadi ,&nbsp;Afsaneh Vazin ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease (<strong>AD</strong>), a common form of dementia, is a rapidly growing disease worldwide with a high financial burden that leads to morbidity and mortality. Current medications focus on symptom therapy and preventing disease progression. No curative management has been established for the disease till now. Persian medicine (<strong>PM</strong>) suggests various natural medications for what we know as AD in today's medicine. The goal of the present study is to assess the efficacy and safety of a memory enhancer formulation from PM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A formulation from PM containing <em>Bunium persicum</em> (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. and <em>Piper nigrum</em> L. (1:1) was selected and evaluated using a fixed dose (1 g/d) in patients with mild to moderate AD for 6 months in a double-blinded randomised clinical trial.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 63 patients who completed the study, the drug group (33 patients) showed remarkable improvement (<em>P</em>-value &lt; 0.001) in Persian clinical dementia rating scores, including memory, orientation, judgement/problem-solving, and home and hobbies domains. Moreover, medication has also reduced aggression, restlessness, insomnia, and impaired concentration during the study interval in the drug group. No adverse reaction was reported during the study interval.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This simple natural formulation can be considered a traditional-based product and used as a memory enhancer supplement in AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Blending Traditional Chinese Medicine With Western Medicine for Enhanced Secondary Stroke Prevention: A Meta-analysis of RCTs","authors":"C.L. Wen ,&nbsp;L.-J. Song ,&nbsp;C.-G. Ma ,&nbsp;Z.-X. Su ,&nbsp;F.-Y. Hu ,&nbsp;L.-Q. Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of combining traditional Chinese medication (TCM) with Western medication to improve secondary stroke prevention. Through meticulous analysis, we investigate the combined approach's potential to yield superior outcomes compared to stand-alone Western medical treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We rigorously searched for RCTs on secondary stroke prevention using TCM and Western medicine (WM) from database creation to October 2023. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, WanFang, and VIP yielded pertinent studies. Stata 16.0 was used for comprehensive meta-analyses with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This thorough review comprised 40 randomised controlled trials with 3 478 treatment and 3 396 control participants. Combining TCM and WM significantly enhances secondary stroke prevention rates compared to WM alone (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.55–1.12, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Compared to Western medical treatment for secondary stroke prevention, the integrated strategy significantly lowered the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (OR = -0.62, 95% CI: -0.89, -0.35, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, this integrated strategy effectively reduced stroke recurrence rates compared to Western medical therapy alone (OR = -0.94, 95% CI: -1.10, -0.76, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The rate of adverse reactions was not significantly different between Western medical treatment and integrated TCM (OR = 0.01, 95% CI: −0.18, 0.05, <em>P</em> = 0.131).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The evidence shows that combining TCM and Western therapy improves secondary stroke prevention. Besides improving clinical effectiveness, this integrated approach may reduce stroke recurrence. These findings strongly support the widespread use of this integrated approach in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100953"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Habb-e-Ghafis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, a Randomised, Single-Blind, Standard-Controlled Trial","authors":"Nida Mehraj,&nbsp;Zaffar Hussain,&nbsp;Atiba Jan,&nbsp;Zarfah Fida","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (<strong>NAFLD</strong>) is a prevalent metabolic disorder. Its emergence as a major health challenge has prompted a re-evaluation of therapeutic approaches, particularly considering the limitations associated with prevailing conventional treatments. It was hypothesized that <em>Habb-e-Ghafis</em> may exhibit therapeutic properties capable of ameliorating the pathological processes associated with NAFLD. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of <em>Habb-e-Ghafis</em> in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a single-blind, randomised, standard-controlled clinical study. The study involved 44 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, with 42 completing the trial. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC No.: RRIUMSGR/ MD-2019/CT/HG/NAFLD) on November 26, 2021, and registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2022/01/039497) on January 17, 2022. Patient recruitment commenced in March 2022 at RRIUM Hospital. The test group (22 patients) received <em>Habb-e-Ghafis</em> (3 pills, thrice daily) for 45 days, while the control group (22 patients) received Vitamin E (400 mg twice daily).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study revealed the remarkable effectiveness of <em>Habb-e-Ghafis</em> in alleviating subjective symptoms. It significantly reduced liver span as quantified by Ultrasonography when compared to the standard medication. Concerning lipid profiles, the experimental drug notably reduced triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein levels in comparison to the standard drug. Other lipid parameters showed similar effects in both treatment groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of this study suggest that <em>Habb-e-Ghafis</em> is more effective than the standard drug Vitamin E at reducing both subjective and objective parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytotherapy: A Systematic Review for the Treatment of Hypertension","authors":"Rebeca Lachovicz,&nbsp;Vera Ferro-Lebres,&nbsp;Juliana Almeida-de-Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Approximately 10 million annual deaths may be associated with hypertension. Adverse effects and non-response to pharmacological treatment limit therapy to a significant proportion of patients; hence, treatment alternatives seem necessary. Our objective was to review data about the impact of herbal medicine on reducing blood pressure (<strong>BP</strong>) in prehypertensive and hypertensive patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted (PRISMA guidelines), using PUBMED, SCOPUS, and WEB OF SCIENCE databases, without time restriction. The inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies in humans focusing antihypertensive effect of phytotherapeutics: <em>Allium sativum</em>, <em>Apium graveolens</em>, <em>Nigella sativa</em>, <em>Panax ginseng</em>, and <em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> on BP in adults with prehypertension or hypertension. The exclusion criteria were the usage of combined medicinal plants. Data about systolic and diastolic BP differences before and after phytotherapy were extracted manually and summarised. The risk of bias was assessed using the JBI tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-five studies were selected (15 <em>A sativum</em>, 4 <em>A graveolens</em>, 4 <em>N sativa</em>, 9 <em>P ginseng</em>, and 13 <em>H sabdariffa)</em>. Antihypertensive effect was observed for <em>A sativum</em> systolic and diastolic BP (−18.1/−9 mmHg), <em>A graveolens</em> (−37.9/−15.4 mmHg), <em>N sativa</em> (−11.8/−8.8 mmHg), <em>P ginseng</em> (−17.4/−7.1 mmHg), and <em>H sabdariffa</em> (−61.4/−66.2 mmHg).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion/Conclusions</h3><div>Herbal medicines can reduce high BP levels in prehypertension and hypertension, when used alone or together with lifestyle changes or antihypertensive drugs. Results interpretation is crucial, given the studies quality variation and the discrepancies. More consistent clinical studies in humans are needed to accurately determine efficacy and safety in the treatment of hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro microbicidal activity of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract against selected pathogenic bacteria and yeast","authors":"MacDonald Idu ,&nbsp;Susan Omo Okojie ,&nbsp;Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The potential antibacterial properties of aqueous extracts of <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em>, particularly its ability to combat pathogenic bacteria and fungi, have captivated the interest of both the scholarly and pharmaceutical sectors. This investigation was conducted to explore the antimicrobial efficacy of aqueous extracts of <em>G. lucidum</em>: Sample A (subjected to boiling for 1 hour) and Sample B (subjected to boiling for 3 hours) against pathogenic bacteria and yeast.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Standard microbiological procedures were used to isolate, identify, and determine the antimicrobial properties of the extracts. A standard procedure was utilised to prepare the samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As evidenced in the study, a notable disparity was observed in the impact of the Sample A extract on the test isolates, with the most pronounced effect noted on <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp at a concentration of 1<!--> <!-->000 mg/ml (10.33 ± 0.88 mm). Conversely, no antimicrobial activity (0.00 ± 0.00 mm) was detected in any concentration against <em>E. coli</em>, <em>Enterobacter</em> spp, <em>Bacillus</em> spp, and <em>Candida</em> spp. Moreover, the findings pertaining to Sample B indicated that the most substantial effect was observed on <em>Pseudomonas</em> spp at 1<!--> <!-->000 mg/ml (6.67 ± 0.33 mm). Conversely, no antimicrobial efficacy (0.00 ± 0.00 mm) was observed in all concentrations of the extract against <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp and <em>Candida</em> spp, while <em>E. coli, Enterobacter</em> spp, and <em>Bacillus</em> spp exhibited no activity at concentrations of 125 and 62.5 mg/ml.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings demonstrate the presence of bioactive substances with a wide range of antibacterial action in <em>G. lucidum</em> confirming assertions of the traditional herbalists that some bacterial diseases in people may be treated with <em>Ganoderma</em> species, hence the need for further study on compound isolation guided bio-assay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 Omicron patients treated with traditional Chinese Medicine: A Retrospective Studymedicine: a retrospective study of a large medical centre in Shanghai, China","authors":"Yafang Guo ,&nbsp;Hong Lu ,&nbsp;Jialin Zhu ,&nbsp;Jianjun Feng ,&nbsp;Yonggang Gu ,&nbsp;Li Ma ,&nbsp;Yunsheng Huang ,&nbsp;Chengxing Xu ,&nbsp;Xinge Feng ,&nbsp;Zhongqiu Wen ,&nbsp;Lili Gao ,&nbsp;Wujun Xiong ,&nbsp;Xuhui Bao ,&nbsp;Changming Zhang ,&nbsp;Yipeng Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in treating infection with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains to be investigated. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of CHM in COVID-19 Omicron patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Inpatients aged 18 years or older were divided into two groups based on their treatment: Western medicine group (WMG) and CHM group (CHMG). Demographic and COVID-19-related outcome data of the inpatients were collected. We analyzed negative conversion time, hospital stay, and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Asymptomatic Type: Negative conversion time significantly decreased in the CHMG compared with that in the WMG (3.0 [range: 2.0–7.0] days vs 5.0 [range: 3.0–9.0] days, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The hospital stay of the CHMG significantly decreased compared with that of the WMG (6.0 [range: 3.0–11.0] days vs 9.0 [range: 6.0–13.0] days, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The group was independently associated with negative conversion time (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The Mild/Moderate type: Negative conversion time significantly decreased in the CHMG compared with the WMG (6.0 [range: 2.0–11.0] days vs 8.0 [range: 3.0–12.0] days, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The hospital stay of the CHMG significantly decreased compared with that of the WMG (9.0 [range: 5.0–14.0] days vs 11.0 [range: 7.0–16.0] days, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found that the use of the JingYinGuBiao formula in Asymptomatic type patients and the JingYinQinHua formula in Mild/Moderate type patients is one of the most effective ways of treating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection because it could shorten negative conversion time and hospital stay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100971"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress and modern application analysis of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of volatile oils in acrid Chinese medicines","authors":"Xinwen Zhu ,&nbsp;Xue Geng ,&nbsp;Qi Gao ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Dianhua Shi ,&nbsp;Yuecheng Liu ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Dai ,&nbsp;Qian Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This review aims to provide a systematic summary of the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, traditional use, clinical applications and quality control of acrid Chinese medicines to provide a reference for in-depth research and product development of acrid Chinese medicinal volatile oils.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, the database of CNKI, Web of Science and PubMed were used to search for information on acrid Chinese medicines using the name (Latin name) and ‘volatile oil’.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This review summarises and analyzes the chemical composition and pharmacological effect of 126 kinds of eight types of acrid Chinese medicines. The results show that the main components of the volatile oils used in acrid Chinese medicines are terpenoids and terpenes, followed by alcohols and esters. These components have been used in medicine because of their pharmacological activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Volatile oils have a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. However, due to the complex composition and unstable quality of volatile oils, the wider application of volatile oils is limited; the current quality specifications at all levels lack research on the composition limits and standards of volatile oils. Therefore, establishing corresponding quality control standards should be the key research direction for volatile oils in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group B Strep During Pregnancy and Allium sativum L.","authors":"Kátia Andrea de Menezes Torres ,&nbsp;Sônia Maria Rolim Rosa Lima ,&nbsp;Maria Thereza Gamberini ,&nbsp;Domingos Sávio Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Pedro Ismael Silva Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Maternal colonisation with <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em>, or Group B <em>Streptococcus</em> (<strong>GBS</strong>), during pregnancy increases the risk of neonatal infection through vertical transmission from the mother to the foetus, either before or during labour. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the Sep-Pak 80% (<strong>SP80</strong>) fraction derived from <em>Allium sativum</em> L. and its synergistic potential with antibiotics against GBS strains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antimicrobial activity and potential synergism were assessed via broth microdilution and disk diffusion assays. Fifty-five clinical isolates and one American type culture collection (ATCC) strain of GBS were tested with the disk diffusion method to assess the combination of the SP80 fraction with ampicillin and penicillin G. A broth microdilution assay was performed on one ATCC strain.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The minimum inhibitory concentrations of SP80, ampicillin, and penicillin G against <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> (ATCC 12386) were 5 mg/mL, 0.01 µg/mL, and 0.06 µg/mL, respectively. The combination of SP80 with antibiotics, assessed through broth microdilution, demonstrated an additive effect. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean inhibition zone for ampicillin, when combined with the SP80 fraction using the disk diffusion method, was greater than that for ampicillin alone, although the difference was not statistically significant. For penicillin G, the mean remained unchanged when it was combined with SP80. The inhibition zones of the isolated antibiotics revealed that the tested strains were more resistant to penicillin G than to ampicillin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The SP80 fraction exhibits antimicrobial activity against GBS. When combined with antibiotics, it has an additive effect, suggesting that this approach could be promising for combating GBS infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}