Journal of Herbal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl., Moringa oleifera Lam. and Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. extracts","authors":"Atittaya Rocejanasaroj,&nbsp;Potjaman Pumeesat,&nbsp;Julaluk Noiphung,&nbsp;Piya Wongyanin","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>There is increasing evidence suggesting that chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract may be caused by pathogenic infections, leading to destructive inflammatory conditions such as periodontal disease. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic extracts from <em>Thunbergia laurifolia</em> Lindl. (TLE), <em>Phyllanthus amarus</em> Schumach. &amp; Thonn. (PAE), and <em>Moringa oleifera</em> Lam. (MOE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The antimicrobial activity of crude ethanol extracts was assessed using disk diffusion and broth dilution methods against <em>Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, and <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>. The anti-inflammatory properties of herbal extracts by measuring the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion in THP-1 macrophage cells over 24 hours, both in the absence and presence of lipopolysaccharide.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All herbal extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against <em>B. cereus</em>, <em>S. aureus</em>, and <em>V. cholerae</em>, but were ineffective against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. The inhibitory effects were dose-dependent, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 625 to 5<!--> <!-->000 µg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration values ranging from 625 to 10<!--> <!-->000 µg/ml. MOE showed the highest antibacterial activity against <em>V. cholerae</em> (MIC = 625 µg/ml), while PAE exhibited the most inhibitory effects against <em>B. cereus</em> (MIC = 625 µg/ml). Additionally, PAE and TLE as low as 200 µg/ml completely inhibit IL-6 secretion and reduce Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and MCP-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>All three herbal extracts have the potential to attenuate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and exhibit antibacterial activity that may prevent foodborne infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 101007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials on Curcumin-Piperine Supplementation: A Promising Strategy for Managing Lipid Profiles and Liver Health in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","authors":"Maryam Gholami Shahrebabak ,&nbsp;Seyed Payam Shahabi Haghighi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Ravankhah ,&nbsp;Alireza Zare ,&nbsp;Vahid Bazyari ,&nbsp;Bahareh Izadi","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>NAFLD, including simple fatty liver and steatohepatitis, is a widespread condition, driving research into its treatment. This meta-analysis assesses curcumin and piperine effects on lipids and liver enzymes in adults with fatty liver.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of various databases (Cochrane, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase) identified a total of 1 419 articles up to September 1, 2024. We used subgroup and sensitivity analyses to detect the source of heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six studies met the inclusion criteria after thorough screening. Primary outcomes assessed included lipid levels (low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol) and liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), alongside the severity of NAFLD. The result of meta-analysis indicated that curcumin-piperine supplementation led to significant reductions in triglycerides (weighted mean difference [<strong>WMD</strong>] = −8.27 mg/dl, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and elevated high-density lipoprotein-C levels (WMD = 2.14 mg/dl, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Although non-significant reductions were observed for total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-C, aspartate aminotransferase levels significantly decreased (WMD = −1.73 IU/L, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while alanine aminotransferase showed a non-significant decline. Notably, the severity of NAFLD significantly decreased in grade 3 patients (odds ratio = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14–0.83).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Curcumin-piperine supplementation shows promise in managing liver impairment and lipid abnormalities in NAFLD patients. However, limitations such as the small number of studies and heterogeneity in protocols highlight the need for larger, well-designed trials. While no universally approved pharmacotherapy for NAFLD exists, curcumin-piperine may serve as a complementary or alternative option, warranting further investigation to optimise its therapeutic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnomedicinal Plants Used for Skin Care in Sirmour District of Himachal Pradesh (India)","authors":"Parul Singhal ,&nbsp;Preeti Dobhal","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The study aimed to explore the Indigenous knowledge regarding the utilisation of medicinal plants for curing skin diseases in rural pockets of Sirmour district of Himachal Pradesh as the study area was unexplored till date. The main purpose of the study is to unfold the asset of traditional medicinal plants and make it accessible to others for further usage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Facts on ethnomedicinal plants were recorded after the intensive field visits and surveys of 390 households of 69 villages using semistructured interviews and group discussions by standard questionnaires. All the collected data were analysed by informant consensus factor, fidelity level, use value, and relative frequency citation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The current research reported 73 ethnomedicinal plants of 39 families being utilised in skin cure. Maximum used method of preparation includes poultice (44.16%) while the utmost plants are used for curing injuries, cuts, and wounds (27%). The highest informant consensus factor value 0.93 was reported for ringworm disease. The highest fidelity level was reported for <em>Euphorbia hirta</em> (77.63%). In the study, 18 plants for curing skin ailments were reported for the first time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings indicate that utilisation of Indigenous traditional herbal medicine is a well-established practice in Sirmour district to explore the original vicinity. However, plants were reported to be used unsustainably. The observation generated by this research creates scientific curiosity regarding further studies to assess the efficacy with modern assays, which will provide substantive benefits to society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional herbal practices associated with malaria and symptoms: Mishmi tribe cohort study from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India","authors":"Simi Talukdar","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The <em>Miju-Mishmi</em> tribe of Lohit district, Arunachal Pradesh has a long-standing tradition of utilising herbal remedies for treating various ailments, including malaria. This study aimed to explore the antimalarial plants traditionally utilised by the <em>Miju-Mishmi</em> tribe, their preparation methods, and the biological significance of these remedies through phytopharmacological analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The three villages of Karhe, Ziro Basti and Telluliang in Arunachal Pradesh were selected as study sites which spanned from April 2020 to July 2021. A group of people, including knowledgeable elders, traditional healers, herb vendors, and patients, who had been treated, were interviewed using semi-structured interviews and focus groups. In order to measure the efficacy and popularity of medicinal plants, ethnobotanical indices were computed. These included Fidelity Level, Preference Ranking, Use Value, Informant Consensus Factor, and Formulation Score.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>A total of 79 medicinal plants from 50 families and 71 genera, with 24 plants being newly identified for their antimalarial properties. Predominantly, leaves (30.38%) of herbaceous species (48.10%) were commonly used, with direct oral consumption being the highest preferred mode of administration (83.54%), primarily through extraction (25.81%) and decoction (22.58%). Notably, <em>Aconitum heterophyllum</em> demonstrated the highest fidelity value (≥80%), while <em>Coptis teeta</em> exhibited the highest Preference Ranking (≥65%). The Use Value index ranged from 0.07 to 0.87. Qualitative phytochemical profiling of selected plants confirmed their therapeutic efficacy against malaria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey Exploration of Some Plants Used in Managing Hypertension in the North Central States of Nigeria","authors":"Otaru Audu Isah ,&nbsp;MacDonald Idu ,&nbsp;Ogunma Benjamin Gabriel","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study entails surveying and documenting information on the traditional management of hypertension using medicinal plants among people in the North Central States of Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ethnomedicinal survey was conducted across the region using questionnaires, tape recorders and interpreters. Questionnaires were administered to 180 respondents in 200 locations. The generic and family names of each plant species were documented following authentication.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy-two (72) medicinal plant species belonging to 65 genera and 45 families were cited from 180 respondents of which 107 were traditional healers. Respondents reported that inheritance (104 informants) and apprenticeship (56 informants) were the two modes of indigenous knowledge acquisition. The frequency of use of each plant species as a folkloric antihypertensive agent revealed that <em>Anacardium occidentale</em> has the lowest use value and fidelity level (0.57, 14.29), while <em>Moringa oleifera</em> has the highest use value and fidelity level (0.95, 90.00), respectively. The family Rubiaceae has the highest representation of plant species (7.04%). Most plants were wild (46.48%), and herbs had the most significant representation (42.25%). The preferred mode of administration of traditional medicine was oral, and the dosage regimen was 30 ml three times daily. Most of the respondents were aged between 41 and 50.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study documents antihypertensive plants used among the indigenous communities within the North Central States of Nigeria. The unevaluated plants may be a viable reservoir of alternative sources of antihypertensive drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Phenolic Properties of Onobrychis silvanensis sp. Nov. Endemic Species","authors":"Emine Körfeci,&nbsp;Hülya Hoşgören","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Onobrychis silvanensis</em> sp. nov. (Fabaceae) is an endemic species and was collected for the first time from Diyarbakır (Silvan, Turkey). The study investigated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and phenolic compounds of the species.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this purpose, an <em>O. silvanensis</em> species extract was tested against two gram-positive (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>), two gram-negative (<em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>) bacteria, and <em>Candida albicans</em> fungus, for phenolic content, and antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity. Total phenolic content was measured spectrophotometrically, and the analytical validation parameter of the Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry) method was used. DPPH method and copper (II) ion reduction method were used to measure total antioxidant capacity. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the minimum inhibition concentration microdilution method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Minimum inhibition concentration values obtained were 0.39 mg/ml for <em>S. aureus</em>, 0.39 mg/ml for <em>S. pyogenes</em>, 0.39 mg/ml for <em>E. coli</em>, 100 mg/ml for <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, and 6.25 mg/ml for <em>C. albicans</em>. DPPH activity was found to be 88.99% ± 0.373% at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. In the copper (II) ion reduction method, it was determined as 19.59 ± 0.167 mg TE/g at 1 mg/ml concentration. Total phenolic content values of ethanolic extracts of <em>O. silvanensis</em> species were found as 15 404 mg/g for Rutin, 11 694 mg/g for Quinic acid, and 10 385 mg/g for Miquelianin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results suggest an ethanolic extract of endemic species of <em>O. silvanensis</em> species showed high rate antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. It is thought that the study and results presented here will contribute significantly to the literature since these are the first records of this endemic species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 101000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of gingival recession among miswak (Salvadora persica L.) chewing stick users: a systematic review","authors":"Nadia Suleman ,&nbsp;Miriam Sidrak ,&nbsp;Julie Noussair ,&nbsp;Ana-Maria Stevans ,&nbsp;Bishoy Bakhoum ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Rodrigues Amaral ,&nbsp;João Martins de Mello-Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Miswak, a natural chewing stick from <em>Salvadora persica L., is traditionally used for oral hygiene in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. Despite evidence of its effectiveness in plaque reduction and periodontal health improvement, its relationship with gingival recession remains understudied.</em></div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>This systematic review evaluates existing literature to determine whether miswak use is associated with gingival recession compared to conventional toothbrush use.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Literature was retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Emcare, CINAHL, and LILACS to analyse studies evaluating gingival recession prevalence among miswak users from 1983 to 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool was used for quality assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis of studies including 6<!--> <!-->315 individuals showed varying results. Seven studies reported higher gingival recession prevalence (9.88–67.85%) among miswak users compared to conventional toothbrush users, while two studies reported no recession. Additional findings included increased anterior tooth wear, clinical attachment loss, and tooth loss. Usage frequency, technique, fibre texture, and user age influenced outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The lack of standardised miswak usage techniques contributed to variable outcomes across studies. Some studies suggest increased tooth wear, gingival recession, and abrasion with miswak use, while others report no difference or positive effects on oral health. Miswak's overall impact on periodontal health remains inconclusive, requiring standardised methods and controlled studies to better understand miswak's long-term effects and develop evidence-based usage recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 101003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of different traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Corona Virus Disease 2019: systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Su Youzhu,&nbsp;Su Rui,&nbsp;Wang Shuo,&nbsp;Liu Mifeng,&nbsp;Fan Jie,&nbsp;Liu Qingquan","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.101001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy of different treatment methods currently used for COVID-19 infection, providing evidence-based support for treatment decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Effective drugs for COVID-19 were selected through literature research. Based on the pharmacological effects of the drugs, they were categorised into three treatment methods: Dispersing lung qi and detoxification; Dispersing lung qi, detoxification and eliminating dampness; Dispersing lung qi, detoxification, eliminating dampness and activating qi. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these three treatment methods, clarifying the advantages of different treatment methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All three treatment methods showed advantages in various aspects such as shortening fever duration, time to nucleic acid conversion, reducing the rate of severe cases, increasing the recovery rate of chest CT scans, and disappearance rate of cough. Dispersing lung qi and detoxification method showed significant advantages in shortening sore throat duration (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), while the other two methods showed significant advantages in improving the disappearance rate of chest tightness, shortening the duration of fatigue, and cough duration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>All three treatment methods have shown significant efficacy, providing evidence for the comprehensive treatment of epidemic diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Dispersing lung qi and detoxification method is suitable for patients with obvious heat symptoms, while Dispersing lung qi, detoxification and eliminating dampness and Dispersing lung qi, detoxification, eliminating dampness and activating qi method can regulate the spleen to remove dampness, dredge and regulate the three jiao qi mechanism, fitting the core pathogenesis of COVID-19 involves dampness, toxin, stagnation and closure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 101001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis patients and effect of Unani herbal formulation Qurs-e-Hudar on these biomarkers suggesting the anti-IL-6 effect","authors":"Towseef Amin Rafeeqi ,&nbsp;Riyaz Ahmed Pandith ,&nbsp;Humma ,&nbsp;Arjumand Shah ,&nbsp;Mohammad Zakir ,&nbsp;Nighat Anjum ,&nbsp;Irfat Ara ,&nbsp;N. Zaheer Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>One of the herbal formulations known as Qurs-e-Hudar used in the Unani medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), has no known mechanism of action. In this endeavour, the effect of Qurs-e-Hudar on serum biomarkers in RA patients was evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In an open-label, single-centric clinical study, 26 RA patients were assessed for 6-week treatment by Qurs-e-Hudar in a dose of 250 mg twice a day. The serum was evaluated quantitatively for biomarkers including rheumatoid factor (RF), anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) before and after treatment in RA patients and 26 healthy participants at once.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ESR, CRP, TNFR1, IL-6 and CXCL13 values were significantly high (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in RA patients comparing healthy controls. There was a significant reduction in (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in ESR and IL-6 values after treatment in RA patients. Although non-significant, a reduction in TNFR1 and CXCL13 was also observed. The results for efficacy assessed by reduction in disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) and remission assessed by the ACR-EULAR classification show a significant decrease (P &lt; 0.01) after treatment in RA patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The significant clinical efficacy response obtained here is likely to be related to a significant reduction of IL-6 and ESR suggesting the role of Qurs-e-Hudar through IL-6 pathway. Larger systematic and comparative trials are warranted for further evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticariogenic efficacy of Indian Costus mouthwash in children","authors":"Ghada Salem ,&nbsp;Maryam ElMansy ,&nbsp;Eman Allam ,&nbsp;Asem Anter ,&nbsp;Rehab Abdelmonem ,&nbsp;Mohamed Rashed","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hermed.2025.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Herbal mouthwashes have become more popular in recent years as a countermeasure to the side effects of conventional mouthwashes. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-bacterial effect of different concentrations of newly formulated Indian Costus mouthwash against <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> bacteria (<em>S. mutans</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 75 children (6–13 years old) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 15) according to the type and concentration of the mouthwash as follows: group 1: negative control, tap water; group 2: positive control, chlorhexidine; group 3: 5% Indian Costus; group 4: 10% Indian Costus; group 5: 15% Indian Costus. Patients were instructed to rinse with 5 ml of the given mouthwash twice per day for 1 week. Non-stimulated saliva sample was collected before (baseline) and after 1 week of using the mouthwash. Microbiological examination was performed to assess <em>S. mutans</em> count in all samples. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test were used for statistical analysis and the significance level was set at <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistically significant differences were detected between baseline and post-rinse counts in all groups except for the negative control samples. The highest mean percentage of bacterial reduction was detected in group 5 (Costus 15%), whereas the lowest mean percentage of bacterial reduction was seen in group 1 (negative control, tap water).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study offers preliminary evidence supporting the significant antimicrobial efficacy of Indian Costus extract mouthwash against <em>S. mutans</em>, a key biofilm-forming bacterium in the oral cavity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}