Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Compaction localization in geomaterials: A mechanically consistent failure criterion","authors":"Roberto J. Cier ,&nbsp;Nicolas A. Labanda ,&nbsp;Victor M. Calo","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compaction bands play a key role in the deformation processes of porous rocks and explain different aspects of physical processes in geological formations. The state-of-the-art description of the localized strains that lead to compaction banding has limitations from the mechanical point of view. Thus, we describe the phenomenon using a consistent axiomatic formulation. We build a viscoplastic model using minimal assumptions; we base our model on six principles to study compaction band strain localization triggered by viscous effects. We analyze different stress states to determine the conditions that trigger compaction bands. Laboratory experiments show that a material undergoes different strain localizations depending on the confinement pressure; thus, we perform a series of numerical experiments that reproduce these phenomena under varying triaxial compression conditions. These simulations use a simple viscoplastic constitutive model for creep based on Perzyna’s viscoplasticity and show how confinement changes the strain localization type for different triaxial tests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352380824000315/pdfft?md5=003cd80e9c3eff35d70d29dec050b100&pid=1-s2.0-S2352380824000315-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary investigation on the mechanical behaviour of a stiff Italian clay in the context of hydrogen storage","authors":"Andrea Ciancimino ,&nbsp;Renato Maria Cosentini ,&nbsp;Sebastiano Foti ,&nbsp;Alessandro Messori ,&nbsp;Hidayat Ullah ,&nbsp;Giorgio Volonté ,&nbsp;Guido Musso","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The large-scale use of renewable energy sources is closely linked to the ability to store excess energy generated during periods of overproduction for use when demand is at a peak. Storing green energy is therefore a key component in the move towards a carbon-neutral economy. Underground hydrogen storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs may provide an efficient long-term solution. Cyclic injection and production of hydrogen alter the chemo-hydro-mechanical conditions of the reservoir and caprocks, and possible geomechanical consequences of such alterations must be preliminarily assessed for safe storage operations. This study aims at exploring the possible effects of cyclic mechanical loads, such as those that might be induced by hydrogen storage and production, on the mechanical behaviour of a clayey caprock. A series of triaxial tests, both monotonic and cyclic, were carried out on undisturbed samples of a stiff Italian clay cored from a caprock formation overlying a hydrocarbon reservoir. The results show that the material response is characterized by the distinctive stress-strain behaviour of stiff clays, with a rather high fragility, which was found to be highly dependent on the loading strain rate. During laboratory experiments conducted at frequencies larger than in situ ones, cyclic loading under stress control causes a gradual degradation of the material structure leading to the formation of a clear shear band followed by a reduction in shear strength. Eventually, failure occurs as the peak shear strength approaches the applied load. The progressive destructuration also implies a reduction in P- and S-wave propagation velocities and a significant change in the signal shape, which is therefore a promising parameter for monitoring the material degradation process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352380824000297/pdfft?md5=5b4c4db3285232ca4f1afb1f64f06867&pid=1-s2.0-S2352380824000297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A resolved CFD-DEM investigation of near-wellbore fine sand migration and production during methane hydrate extraction","authors":"Tuo Wang ,&nbsp;Shihang Chen ,&nbsp;Mengli Li ,&nbsp;Mengke An","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Methane hydrate extraction from unconsolidated reservoirs can face challenges due to excessive sand production in the wellbore. Sand production has long been a concern in petroleum engineering and has been extensively studied by researchers. This study investigates sand production in gas-water two-phase flow through numerical simulations. The simulations incorporate the discrete element method (DEM) and resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model the solid-fluid interaction，which allows for simulating the particle movements and capturing the variations in hydraulic properties of the granular sample at a particle scale. Additionally, a volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed to simulate the two-phase flow. The numerical model provides insights into the gas movement process within the granular matrix and visually depicts the microscopic mechanisms of particle migration during methane hydrate extraction. The results of the study demonstrate that the model incorporating gas injection, which involves injecting a predetermined volume of gas at the inlet to the fluid model, yields a higher mass of produced sand compared to the model without gas injection. Furthermore, as the volume of gas injection increases, the produced mass initially rises and then declines. In addition, parameter analysis shows that the pattern of sand production differs between the model with a higher fines content and the model with a lower fines content. With the increase of hydraulic gradient, the produced mass increase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow-geomechanics coupling constrains fault geometry in fluid-induced earthquakes","authors":"Faeze Ghazvini,&nbsp;Birendra Jha","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Post-mortem analysis of earthquakes induced by fluid extraction or injection is often complicated by the uncertainty in the location and geometry of the causative fault. The 2011 Lorca earthquake in southeast Spain is believed to be triggered by long-term groundwater withdrawal, causing slip along the Alhama de Murcia Fault (AMF) dipping northwest. However, the regional InSAR deformation data can be equally fit by AMF and an unmapped fault located approximately 5 km west of AMF and dipping southeast, which creates an ambiguity in the causative fault that hosted the earthquake. Here, we show that the assumptions of elastic dislocation, undrained deformation, and decoupling between flow and deformation processes contributed to the ambiguity, which can be resolved by conducting a fully coupled analysis that provides additional constraints on the problem. We test that hypothesis and propose that the Lorca earthquake was likely caused by the rupture of a southeast dipping fault plane, which is antithetic to AMF. We build a mechanistic model of groundwater withdrawal over the time period of interest (1960–2010) that includes pressure diffusion, aquifer contraction, crustal unloading, and basement expansion mechanisms. The model identifies the difference in pumping-induced loading of the two faults: poroelastic compression and down-dip shear on AMF vs. tension and up-dip shear on the antithetic fault. We demonstrate that two-way coupling between flow and deformation processes plays a crucial role in the natural selection of the earthquake-inducing fault and holds the potential to detect hidden faults in the case of anthropogenic triggering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140880537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-mining related reactivation potential of faults hosted in tight reservoir rocks around flooded coal mines, eastern Ruhr Basin, Germany","authors":"Felix Allgaier ,&nbsp;Thomas Niederhuber ,&nbsp;Benjamin Busch ,&nbsp;Birgit Müller ,&nbsp;Christoph Hilgers","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cessation of hard coal mining in the Ruhr Basin in 2018 marked the region's transition to the post-mining phase. Controlled mine water rebound induces changes in the subsurface stress conditions, as pore pressure increases locally. Presently, mine water rebound is observed in the eastern Ruhr Basin (water province “Haus Aden”) along with associated microseismicity. Furthermore, post-mining challenges might comprise the potential risk of fault reactivation, which is addressed in this study by conducting a fault slip assessment. Based on subsurface coal seam mapping data, a 3D structural model for the NE part of the “Haus Aden” water province has been constructed to serve as the basis for identifying the most vulnerable fault trends and types of the structural inventory. Slip tendency analysis, considering normal faulting conditions, revealed NW-SE to NNW-SSE trending normal faults to be most susceptible to reactivation. Probabilistic fault slip assessment, focused on NW-SE to NNW-SSE trending normal faults mapped within the “Heinrich-Robert” colliery, show no fault reactivation potential for a mine water rebound up to a level of 640 m below ground. Assuming hydrostatic conditions in the vicinity of the faults, friction coefficients are only partially exceeded for high differential stresses. In addition, a novel workflow is used to model the spatial variability of the frictional fault strength as input for a fault stability analysis, exemplified for a selected NNW-SSE trending normal fault. For considering hydrostatic pore pressure, results show that the fault consists mainly of stable, but also unstable, horizontally elongated patches. These findings question the conventional simplified approach of using a single constant friction coefficient for fault stability analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100560"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion effects on axial pile capacity","authors":"Alexander V. Busch ,&nbsp;Max O. Kluger ,&nbsp;Tobias Mörz","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increase in surface roughness by corrosion processes has long been neglected as potential factor influencing pile setup. However, recently there has been an increasing number of studies who referred pile setups largely or solely to corrosion and sand incrustation. Only limited research has been conducted to assess the potential impacts of corrosion directly on pile capacity development. Therefore, we sampled steel and crust surfaces from a steel monopile having been aged for ∼four years in sand. Surface roughness measurements and interface direct shear testing were performed to quantify changes for friction angles. The impact of friction angle changes on pile capacity were calculated using ICP-05 and UWA-05 for a large- and small-diameter geometry and referenced by field data. We can show that corrosion can significantly contribute to temporal pile capacity gains. Evidence have been found that the maximum and critical interface friction angles evolve differently considering the same changes in roughness. Also, differences in shearing behavior to literature were observed, being potentially a result of the naturally corroded surfaces sheared in our study. A strong, maybe exaggerated sensitivity of the capacity prediction approaches to pile diameter was observed. Effects causing an increase in surface roughness, should be reconsidered as an important factor influencing pile setup.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100559"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-hydraulic analysis of desiccation cracked soil strata considering ground temperature and moisture dynamics under the influence of soil-atmosphere interactions","authors":"Milad Jabbarzadeh ,&nbsp;Hamed Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Saeed Tourchi ,&nbsp;Ali Golaghaei Darzi","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global warming and climate change significantly affect ground temperature and flow patterns. Moreover, areas prone to cracking experience intensified temperature and moisture variations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate ground temperature and moisture dynamics considering soil-atmosphere interaction through a coupled thermo-hydraulic analysis. Heat transfer, advective, and non-advective fluxes were simulated using CODE_BRIGHT finite element program to study water flow and energy transfer within the soil. Statistical analyses were conducted using an existing dataset to match the crack geometry with previous studies and find the best distribution for the width-to-depth ratio of cracks (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) as a dimensionless parameter. The results indicated that <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> variations follow a lognormal distribution. Numerical modeling scenarios were developed using statistical analysis results. The findings indicate that temperature variations decrease exponentially with depth, while surface soil temperature shows higher uncertainty due to atmospheric temperature fluctuations. Collecting various temperature trends in cracked soil at different time intervals, defined a limited region as the maximum range of temperature variations (<span><math><mrow><mo>∆</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>). Results reveal that <span><math><mrow><mo>∆</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> in cracked soil can vary up to 4 times higher than intact soil. For the prediction of <span><math><mrow><mo>∆</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>, considering the impact of climate variations on cracked soil, a 3D boundary surface was developed based on two variables: soil depth (<span><math><mi>z</mi></math></span>) and crack depth (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>). Furthermore, an equation for estimating <span><math><mrow><mo>∆</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> for uncracked soils was proposed. Additionally, cracked soil showed approximately 1.4 times higher desiccation rates than uncracked soil. Deeper cracks exhibited even more severe desiccation rates, being about 1.2 times higher.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140638480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of cryogenic cracking behavior of tight sandstone under confinement","authors":"Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Xinchuang Yan ,&nbsp;Bo Gou ,&nbsp;Songcai Han ,&nbsp;Minsu Cha ,&nbsp;Jingchun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stimulation is a must for commercial development of tight sandstone hydrocarbon reservoirs. Cryogenic fracturing using liquid nitrogen (LN) is a promising clean technique for efficiently stimulating reservoir rocks given its waterless nature. We developed a fully coupled thermo-mechanical (TM) model that incorporates strain-based damage theory for simulating LN cryogenic cracking in tight sandstone. Particularly, the compressive and tensile strengths, Young’s modulus, and thermal expansion coefficients and conductivity are designated as dynamic functions of the damage variable during the TM coupling process. Then the initiation, propagation, and cessation of multiple cracks from a borehole within a 2D heterogeneous tight sandstone plate were systematically scrutinized. Cryogenic cracks are found to emerge in short and long forms. In accordance with experiments, multiple long cracks emanate radially from the borehole along the maximum horizontal stress direction. In the investigated parameter ranges, the fracture morphology, including numbers, lengths, and coverage, is susceptible to changes in in-situ stress, Young's modulus, and thermal conductivity, but relatively insensitive to the variations of heat transfer coefficient and sandstone density. These results deepen our understanding of cryogenic shock on tight sandstone and provide a theoretical reference for designing cryogenic treatment operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140309629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening effect of nano-SiO2 on microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) solidified sediment: Macro- and micro-analysis","authors":"Fengli Xu ,&nbsp;Dongxing Wang ,&nbsp;Xueyong Xu ,&nbsp;Zunqun Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sediment consolidation via microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) aligns with the principles of sustainable development in resource utilization. This study aimed to explore the solidification potential and mechanisms of integrating nano-SiO₂ as a supplementary material in MICP-treated sediment under various conditions, employing permeability, unconfined compression strength (UCS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), and adsorption techniques. The results demonstrated a reduction in permeability and an increase in UCS in sediment treated with ≤0.1% nano-SiO₂-assisted MICP. The factors contributing to solidification potential followed a specific order: Ca²⁺ concentration &gt; OD₆₀₀&gt; nano-SiO₂ dosage &gt; biochemical reaction time. When combined with MICP, nano-SiO₂ at concentrations below 0.05% promoted the transformation from aragonite to calcite. Furthermore, nano-SiO₂ triggered the creation of early-stage C-S-H gels, aged viscous-like silicate gels, and spurrite [Ca₅(SiO₄)₂CO₃] to cement the sediment. Additionally, the micro filling of nano-SiO₂, minerals, and gel phases significantly bolstered the sediment's strength. Finally, the impressive adsorption capacity of nano-SiO₂ for Ca²⁺ (q_m = 0.26 mol/g) alleviated the toxicity of excessive Ca²⁺ on urease activity, thereby facilitating urea hydrolysis and CaCO₃ nucleation. The synergistic effect of nano-SiO₂ with MICP, involving cementation, filling, nucleation, and mitigation of Ca²⁺ toxicity, provides valuable insights for the sediment reinforcement applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140350940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thermal cycling on the isotropic consolidation and triaxial shear behavior of lateritic clay","authors":"Zhifan Xu,&nbsp;Zhengfa Chen,&nbsp;Pingxin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2024.100556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2024.100556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is crucial to comprehend soil thermomechanical behavior while designing underground energy structures to ensure safety. Studies on the soil response to thermal cycles in terms of the generation of thermal-induced volume change and pore water pressure are rare, and relevant research on how these responses might affect soil consolidation parameters and shear strength is very limited. To experimentally investigate the effect of thermal cycling under drained and undrained conditions on the isotropic consolidation parameters and triaxial shear strength of lateritic clay, this paper employs a temperature-controlled triaxial apparatus to conduct a series of isotropic mechanical consolidation and thermal consolidation tests, as well as undrained triaxial shear tests. The thermal response in volume change and pore water pressure are discussed, and the changes in the consolidation parameters, the preconsolidation pressure, and the shear strength are identified. It is concluded that increments of irreversible contraction of lateritic clay are observed during thermal cycling under drained conditions and further lead to a slight increase in the preconsolidation pressure. Nevertheless, thermal cycling hardly affects the swelling and compression index. The shear strength increases after being subjected to thermal cycling under drained conditions, which can be attributed to the increase in cohesion. When drainage is not allowed during thermal cycling, the generation of pore water pressure occurs during temperature variations and completely dissipates after the thermal cycling phase, and its reversibility is unaffected by the stress level and number of cycles. Furthermore, thermal cycling has little effect on the consolidation parameters, preconsolidation pressure, and shear strength. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms controlling the response of clay to thermal cycling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}