Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Research on rock failure characteristics under combined action of uniaxial stress and explosion","authors":"Zhibiao Guo ,&nbsp;Jingwei Gao ,&nbsp;Junao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blasting technology is widely used in deep rock mass engineering, and the surrounding rock damage and crack propagation caused by blasting are usually affected by ground stress. The failure and propagation of cracks in boreholes surrounding rock under the combined action of uniaxial stress and blasting load are comprehensively studied. Explosion tests, mechanical analysis, and finite element modeling are used to verify these results from the perspectives of numerical simulation and field engineering. The LS-DYNA numerical software is used to verify the explosion experiment, and the corrected constitutive model is used to simulate the effects of different uniaxial stresses on rock loosening and shaped charge blasting failure characteristics. The fracture network is processed by ImageJ software, and the fracture morphology and fractal characteristics of rock surface are analyzed. Then, the change of fracture mode of uniaxial stress-induced shaped charge blasting is analyzed by means of elastic mechanics, and the mechanism of directional crack propagation is discussed. The results show that the crack initiation occurs along the zone of maximum tensile stress around the hole during loosening blasting. The application of uniaxial stress can restrain the speed and length of crack growth and control the direction of radial crack growth, which makes the crack propagation parallel to the stress direction more advantageous. In the process of shaped charge blasting, with the increase of uniaxial stress, the damage in the shaped charge direction gradually forms a complete failure plane, which significantly inhibits the crack growth in the non-shaped charge direction. This leads to fewer cracks, but faster spreads, and fewer fractal dimensions of cracks and rock damage. Finally, the test of cutting the top and relieving pressure of coalmine by shaped charge blasting has been carried out, and satisfactory results have been obtained. In deep rock mass engineering, it is suggested to use shaped charge blasting under anisotropic ground stress to achieve directional blasting so as to better maintain the integrity of surrounding rock and obtain a smoother blasting surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive failure of coal–rock under triaxial disturbance: From experimental and crack propagation modeling perspectives","authors":"Yiqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenjing Qin ,&nbsp;Jinbo Liu ,&nbsp;Aibing Jin ,&nbsp;Shuaijun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During deep mining, coal–rock masses are prone to dynamic stress redistribution and concentration under triaxial unloading disturbances, leading to progressive crack evolution and eventual instability. To investigate the underlying failure mechanism, triaxial unloading disturbance tests were carried out. Acoustic emission (AE) monitoring was used to track key indicators, including the RA/AF ratio, b-value, and dominant frequency. In addition, multifractal spectrum analysis was introduced to systematically characterize the crack evolution process of coal–rock under different unloading rates of confining pressure. The study divides the failure process into four stages and proposes an axial crack propagation model based on fracture mechanics to describe crack evolution under disturbed unloading conditions. The results indicate that, with increasing unloading rates, coal–rock failure is dominated by shear failure, accompanied by a reduction in the number of macroscopic cracks. The acoustic emission (AE) signals exhibit stronger multifractal characteristics and localized intensity heterogeneity, reflecting increased internal structural complexity and disorder. The developed crack propagation model provides theoretical support for the study of fracture evolution in geological materials under unconventional loading conditions and offers guidance for crack prediction and failure assessment in complex stress environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Permeability evolution and predictive modeling in grout-reinforced fractured rock masses: An intelligent computational approach","authors":"Yachao Guo ,&nbsp;Junmeng Li ,&nbsp;Yanli Huang ,&nbsp;Yingshun Li ,&nbsp;Jiachen Liu ,&nbsp;Guiyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zuo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The permeability evolution characteristics of grout-reinforced fractured rock masses significantly influence the seepage stability control in underground engineering. In this study, fractured sandstone specimens under various confining pressures (0–10 MPa) were prepared using a high-pressure triaxial testing system. Reinforcement was performed using coal gangue-fly ash-based grout, and the permeability variations under effective stresses (1–9 MPa) were systematically measured before and after grouting. A permeability prediction model for grouted rock masses was established by employing swarm intelligence algorithms (Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)), and an interactive computational platform was developed. The results show that post-grouting permeability decreased by 54.83–99.75 % compared to pre-grouting values, exhibiting a power-law decline with increasing effective stress. Using six key factors—including fracture stress state, initial permeability, and grouting parameters—an 80-sample training dataset was constructed. A backpropagation (BP) neural network (6-7-1 topology) optimized by the GWO achieved high-precision permeability prediction (R² = 0.997, MAE = 0.051). Finally, a Python-based intelligent interactive computing system was developed, integrating parameter control, model computation, and result visualization. This provides theoretical support and technical tools for engineering grout design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning-based thermal-mechanical parameter inversion of energy pile considering thermo-mechanical behaviors","authors":"Chaoran Wang,&nbsp;Jiaxin Liu,&nbsp;Gia Trung Luu,&nbsp;Chanjuan Han","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal-mechanical properties of rock-soil are indispensable for the geotechnical investigation of energy piles according to design codes. The thermal parameters of the stratum and pile are commonly determined through thermal response tests (TRT), and the mechanical parameters are obtained via sampling or in-situ testing, with some parameters also assigned based on engineering experience. However, on the one hand, TRT and in-situ testing are costly and labor-intensive processes that last nearly one week. On the other hand, the accuracy of personal experience on parameter determination is not guaranteed. Parameter inversion adjusts numerically modelled values (originally from tests/experience) to compensate for sampling effects, stratigraphic variations, and human biases that create simulation errors. The machine learning-based surrogate model, experiencing a surge in popularity in recent years, is a promising solution for inversion acceleration. By training on precomputed numerical simulation results, the surrogate model emulates the system’s behavior at significantly faster speeds, simultaneously reducing computational time and financial costs compared to traditional numerical modelling. This study proposes a novel method for parameter inversion with machine-learning-based surrogate models. A numerical model is first established by replicating a reduced-scale physical test capturing the thermal-mechanical behaviors of the energy pile. The Latin hypercube sampling is subsequently utilized to generate sufficient data for XGBoost model development, where the sensitivity analysis is subsequently carried out for parameter screening. The parameter inversion is then implemented with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms. The effectiveness of the method is validated using 4 real-case test conditions. The results demonstrate that the surrogate model attains high accuracy with an <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> of temperature and axial forces above 0.97 and 0.9, respectively. Lastly, the results of parameter inversion indicate a promising and optimistic prospect for the proposed inversion method, which can reveal the comprehensive parameters of the material to a certain extent. This study presents an efficient method for parameter inversion of energy piles while providing a perspective of fast determination of rock-soil thermal properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape effect of shear box in large-scale direct shear test for soil-rock mixture","authors":"Yiliang Tu ,&nbsp;Quanlin Huang ,&nbsp;Qianglong Yao ,&nbsp;Zhong Fang ,&nbsp;Xinrong Liu ,&nbsp;Hejun Chai","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The large-scale direct shear test is one of the simplest and most efficient methods for testing the shear strength parameters of soil-rock mixtures (S-RM), with shear boxes available in various shapes such as circular and rectangular. However, it remains unclear whether the shear box shape affects the accuracy of the results from large-scale direct shear tests. Therefore, this study uses a three-dimensional (3D) discrete element method to construct a numerical model for large-scale direct shear tests on S-RM, accounting for realistic rock block shapes. Subsequently, the reliability of this numerical model was validated by comparing it with results from large-scale direct shear tests laboratory. Next, the direct shear test results of the same S-RM were compared between circular and square shear boxes. The results indicate that the test results in the square shear box are more accurate. In the circular shear box, the test results approximate those in the square shear box, but their deformation is not a strict plane strain. Finally, the influence of the length-width ratio (<em>L</em>/<em>W</em>) of the shear box on results of large-scale direct shear tests on S-RM is discussed. Results show that as the <em>L</em>/<em>W</em> decreases, the interlocking effect between rock blocks strengthens, the number of force chains increases, and the shear band thickness decreases; the stress-strain curve transitions from strain-softening to strain-hardening; both cohesion and internal friction angle exhibit two distinct trends within the range before and after the <em>L</em>/<em>W</em> reaches 1:1. Thus, in large-scale direct shear tests of S-RM, square shear boxes with a <em>L</em>/<em>W</em> of 1:1 are preferred, followed by rectangular shear boxes with a <em>L</em>/<em>W</em> greater than 1:1, while shear boxes with a <em>L</em>/<em>W</em> less than 1:1 should be avoided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Load transfer analysis of driven energy pile under combined thermal and mechanical loading","authors":"Changyi Yang ,&nbsp;Jingpei Li ,&nbsp;Guiwei Tian ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Ning Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a semi-analytical analysis on load transfer mechanisms of driven energy piles in clay, with a comprehensive consideration of installation effects, reconsolidation of surrounding soils and combined thermal and mechanical loading. The installation effects of driven energy piles are modelled based on the cavity expansion theory. Analytical expressions for thermally induced displacements, including axial and radial expansion of pile, are derived. A hysteresis hyperbolic load transfer function is proposed according to the Masing’s criterion to incorporate the loading and unloading induced by temperature changes. Through numerical simulations and experimental validations, the axial strain and stress distribution within the pile under varying conditions is explored, where good agreements between the proposed theoretical method, numerical results and field tests are observed. A thorough comparison is conducted between driven energy piles and bored energy piles to assess the impact of installation effects on pile-soil relative displacement, shaft friction, and the ultimate bearing capacity. It is found that although the bearing capacity of driven energy piles is greater than that of bored energy piles, the axial stress within driven energy piles is also higher under thermal load. The findings shed light on the design and optimization of PHC energy piles in geothermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative prediction of tertiary formation fractures and its application in lost circulation prediction in the Bozhong Depression","authors":"He Du ,&nbsp;Jianwei Feng ,&nbsp;Shouyu Xu ,&nbsp;Junxiao Qu ,&nbsp;Chen Li ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao ,&nbsp;Huilin Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs in the Bohai Sea have gained significant attention. However, the high cost of offshore drilling and the occurrence of frequent lost circulation accidents have resulted in substantial economic losses. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively predict and assess the risk of lost circulation in the Bozhong Depression. This study focuses on the analysis of lost circulation characteristics, identifying fracture characteristics as the most influential factors. Geomechanical methods were employed to characterize fracture parameters in the study area, enabling the prediction of lost circulation. A three-dimensional heterogeneous rock mechanical parameter model, incorporating lithology and faults, was constructed based on rock mechanics experiments, logging, and seismic data. Structural evolution analysis and acoustic emission experiments were conducted to determine the main period of fracture development. The Ansys software's finite element simulation platform facilitated the simulation of the paleo-stress field in the study area. By applying the principles of geomechanics, a calculation formula for fracture parameters was derived, and the spatial distribution of fracture parameters in the study area was quantitatively characterized using the results of the paleo-stress field simulation. Taking into account the lost circulation points of drilled wells, fracture parameters, current stress field, lithology, and other factors contributing to lost circulation, a leakage risk threshold area for fracture parameters was proposed. The predictions of lost circulation were validated using verification wells, demonstrating good agreement with actual drilling conditions. This approach provides valuable insights for mitigating lost circulation during drilling, reducing drilling cycles, and minimizing economic losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination of critically stressed faults and safety-optimized hydraulic fracturing design: Insights from meter-scale physical modeling","authors":"Xiaodong Wang ,&nbsp;Qianting Hu ,&nbsp;Baocai Wang ,&nbsp;Chunhui Cheng ,&nbsp;Yongjiang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an integrated approach combining metre-scale physical experiments, numerical simulations and theoretical modelling to systematically investigate the mechanisms and controlling factors of fault slip induced by hydraulic fracturing, with the ultimate goal of establishing fundamental design principles for fault slip mitigation. First, we quantify the influence of fault geometry and mechanical properties on stress concentration by deriving a quantitative stress concentration equation through multivariate regression analysis. Second, a novel three-dimensional (3D) Coulomb failure stress (<em>CFS</em>) expression incorporating stress concentration coefficients is proposed to overcome the limitations of conventional regional stress analysis. Third, the theoretical stress transfer model is validated against experimental data, showing strong agreement between predicted and measured CFS changes, with a relative error of less than 10 %. Our results demonstrate that hydraulically isolated faults are primarily controlled by regional stress states during slip initiation. Critically stressed faults exhibit significant slip near injection points, while non-critical faults remain stable. The proposed 3D <em>CFS</em> expression successfully discriminates between stress-transfer induced PNR-1z and pore-pressure driven PNR-2 seismic events. Finally, faults are classified into four distinct types, each associated with tailored hydraulic fracturing design protocols: type I faults require mandatory avoidance; type II-III faults require controlled injection parameters; and type IV faults permit cost-optimised operations. These findings provide theoretical advances and practical guidelines for mitigating induced seismicity in hydraulic fracturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage simulation of casing-cement interface of wellbore structure under non-uniform formation stress","authors":"Fei Li ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Liu ,&nbsp;Haoran Xu ,&nbsp;Feng Tang ,&nbsp;Lihong Han ,&nbsp;Shangyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In ultra-deep drilling operations, formations such as creeping mudstone and high-pressure salt layers are frequently encountered, generating non-uniform loads that pose severe challenges to casing design and wellbore integrity. The interfacial bonding behavior between the cement sheath and casing is a critical factor governing the long-term integrity of the wellbore. This paper develops a damage model for the double-layer casing-cement sheath interface under non-uniform loading based on peridynamic theory. The model numerically characterizes the evolution mechanism of interface damage under non-uniform stress. Laboratory tests were conducted using a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system to capture the strain evolution on the casing-cement sheath surface during radial compression. The results indicate that the peridynamic simulation of damage at the double-layer casing-cement sheath interface under non-uniform loading is in strong agreement with the DIC strain measurements. From the perspective of strain accumulation and damage morphology, increasing the outer casing radius enhances the overall structural stiffness. Strain accumulation at the inner casing-cement interface accelerates, with damage concentrated at the interface. while damage within the cement sheath primarily propagates along the 90° and 270° loading directions. In contrast, an increase radius of the inner casing reduces the constraint on the cement sheath, making the casing more prone to “ovalization” deformation. This extension of the stress transfer path slows strain accumulation at the inner casing–cement interface, with damage propagating along the 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° directions. Experimental results further indicate that the load-bearing capacity of the model with an inner casing is at least 2.5 times higher than that of the model without an inner casing. The study reveals the mechanical mechanism governing the sealing capacity of the cement sheath in double-layer casings, providing significant theoretical and engineering implications for ensuring wellbore integrity and stability in oil and gas operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative tests on the failure characteristics and mechanisms of soft inclined foundation waste dump under gravity","authors":"Qiang Wen ,&nbsp;Shuwei Sun ,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Hui Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landslide disasters occur frequently on the slopes of open-pit mine waste dumps, thus the study of their failure mechanism is crucial to mine environmental protection and safe production. This study conducted three sets of base friction model tests on waste dumps with different inclination angles. Based on an updated speckle analysis and point-tracking technology, the failure process of the waste dump slopes was obtained, focusing on analyzing the occurrence mechanism, failure mode, and stability of the slopes. The findings indicated that the waste dump slopes of inclined foundations have prominent progressive failure characteristics, and due to the influence of the inclined foundation, the waste dump slope failure mode is significantly different. According to the movement characteristics of the slopes in the tests, the deformation process of slopes was categorized into three phases: the uniform deformation phase, the local failure phase, and the overall instability phase. Taking the characteristic moment of the model entering into local failure and overall instability as the stability evaluation index, which showed that anti-inclined foundation slopes had the best stability, followed by horizontal, with down-inclined slopes being the least stable, which is basically consistent with other results. The sliding surface geometry and factor of safety of the slopes were obtained by using the strength reduction method in the FLAC3D software. The deformation characteristics of waste dump slopes with soft inclined foundations derived from numerical modeling are in basic accordance with previous base friction model test results. The study also noted that as the inclination angle of the basement changes, the sliding surface of different types of foundation waste dumps gradually changes from polyline to arc-shaped. These findings could offer qualitative insights into assessing the stability of waste dump slopes on soft inclined foundations, which are of great significance to mine environmental protection and mine safety production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}