Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Thermo-hydro mechanical coupling in a discrete modelling: Large-scale 3D application to thermal hydrofracturing","authors":"Zady Ouraga ,&nbsp;Carlos Plúa ,&nbsp;Minh-Ngoc Vu ,&nbsp;Gilles Armand","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims to model an in-situ heating test (CRQ) conducted by the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency (Andra) within the Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory (MHM URL), using a discrete approach. The modelling of the CRQ test is part of numerical simulations performed through the international research project DECOVALEX. The goal of the CRQ test is to study the conditions under which thermal hydrofracturing can occur in the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone (COx) formation and to identify its influence on pore pressure evolution. The present discrete model introduces thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupling into the Itasca discrete code 3DEC, which represents an assembly of elastic deformable blocks with interfaces modelled as joints. The THM formulation is implemented in the 3DEC code using an iterative approach. At each step, this iterative numerical solving starts by the thermal simulation. Then, the hydro-mechanical calculation is carried out by a series of hydraulic and mechanical computations until equilibrium is reached. This iterative process repeats at each timestep until the final calculation time is achieved. To model the fracturing process in the COx, a failure criterion based on Mohr Coulomb with tensile cut-off is used for the joints. The THM coupling implementation is first validated against a poro-elastic closed-form solution by considering a heat source within an infinite saturated porous medium. Afterwards, the CRQ experiment is considered with particular attention to the phenomenon of thermal fracturing, as the main advantage of the discrete model lies in its explicitly representation of fractures. This study also demonstrates the ability of a discrete model in dealing with a large model that includes multiple processes (THM coupling and rock failure).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated evaluation of stiffness degradation by combining Resonant-Column, Cyclic Triaxial and Cyclic Simple Shear Tests: Application to Riotinto mine tailings","authors":"Hernán Patiño ,&nbsp;Fausto Molina-Gómez ,&nbsp;Rubén Galindo ,&nbsp;António Viana da Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a methodology for integrating stiffness degradation curve results obtained through various experimental methods. The proposed approach involves an extensive experiment program comprising 108 resonant column tests, 27 cyclic simple shear tests, and 29 cyclic triaxial tests. These tests were conducted under diverse cyclic strain and effective consolidation stress conditions, focusing on identifying variables to unify the behaviour for each material type into a common predictive equation. To validate this novel approach, three materials derived from the tailings of the Riotinto mines (Huelva, Spain) were tested. The methodology provides a detailed account of testing procedures for integrating the test results from the three devices. Laboratory findings indicate that capturing the variation trend of soil stiffness degradation regarding cyclic strain and effective consolidation stress is feasible. This is achieved using empirical functions, such as exponential and potential equations based on the strain range. The methodology enables the determination of necessary adjustment constants specific to the material tested, which can be obtained through the developed approach, contributing to preserving tailings storage facilities located in zones under seismic risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of numerical approaches for the description of gas flow in clay-based repository systems: From a laboratory to a large-scale gas injection test","authors":"E. Tamayo-Mas ,&nbsp;J.F. Harrington ,&nbsp;I.P. Damians ,&nbsp;J.T. Kim ,&nbsp;E. Radeisen ,&nbsp;J. Rutqvist ,&nbsp;C. Lee ,&nbsp;B.S. Noghretab ,&nbsp;R.J. Cuss","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is nowadays a consensus among many countries that geological disposal is a favourable solution for the long-term management. Although different host formations and different barrier systems are under consideration around the world, clay-based materials form an important component for waste isolation in most national programmes. Hence, a good comprehension of the effect of gas flow on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of clay-based soils is essential, both at laboratory and field scale. Task B under the international cooperative project DECOVALEX-2023 has recently shown that, after some enhancement, models can be employed to reproduce laboratory scale tests, even with different sample geometries<span><span>³⁷</span></span>. However, further work is required to understand whether they can be applied to simulate a large-scale experiment. Up-scaling of models for the advective transport of gas through clay-based low permeable material presents a number of problems related to the difficulty in obtaining consistent hydrogeological parameters and constitutive relationships at both laboratory and field scale. Based on a unique dataset from a large-scale gas injection test (Lasgit) performed at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden), Task B within DECOVALEX-2023 has explored the refinement of these numerical strategies applied to the simulation of gas flow. Work performed within the task reveals that codes do not need to be substantially modified from the laboratory models to reproduce full-scale tests: indeed, model parameters calibrated and validated at laboratory scale have been applied to predict field scale gas flow at Lasgit, including peak gas pressure and injected cumulative gas volume. By means of (1) the introduction of interfaces between blocks to reflect the experimental configuration and the (2) adjustment of some parameters (e.g., higher permeability), the updated models are able to represent most of the key features observed in the experimental data, even at a large scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of THM behavior in anisotropic poroelastic media: from element test to geological disposal applications","authors":"Fei Song ,&nbsp;Antonio Gens ,&nbsp;Stefano Collico ,&nbsp;Huaning Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) behaviour in anisotropic poroelastic media. The elastic stiffness is represented by using a cross-anisotropic constitutive model, while the water flow and the heat conduction are represented by using generalized Darcy's law and Fourier's law, respectively. Specifically, the THM formulations are modified to account for an anisotropic porous medium using anisotropic Biot's effective stress. As a verification step, numerical predictions of pore pressure evolutions subjected to mechanical and thermal loadings agree well with those obtained from analytical solutions. Numerical studies are conducted to identify the overpressure mechanism resulting from stress redistribution and thermal pressurization. As the discrepancy between Biot's coefficients and one increases, the inconsistency in the resulting pore pressures becomes more evident when using different definitions of solid pressure expression. Furthermore, a significant difference has been observed in pore pressure evolution computed by anisotropic and the equivalent isotropic Biot’s coefficient for Opalinus clay, but no obvious difference for Callovo-Oxfordian. These findings have implications for the understanding of the THM behaviour of argillaceous rocks, which benefit the potential geological applications in nuclear waste disposals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for enhancing resource recovery efficiency in underground coal gasification to promote its large-scale utilization","authors":"Huaizhan Li ,&nbsp;Jingchun Cao ,&nbsp;Chao Tang ,&nbsp;Guangli Guo ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Chen ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zha ,&nbsp;Wengang Huang ,&nbsp;Yafei Yuan ,&nbsp;Jianyong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resource recovery efficiency in underground coal gasification (UCG) is directly linked to economic efficiency and is currently the key factor limiting the widespread application of this technology. To address the issue of low resource recovery efficiencies UCG, this study conducts a comprehensive analysis of resource recovery efficiencies from two UCG test sites. By integrating the characteristics of well-less UCG processes, the established calculation method for the development height of overburden fractures under thermo-mechanical coupling and the stability evaluation model of isolation coal pillars are used. Using an artificial fish swarm algorithm, the method to enhance UCG resource recovery efficiencies is proposed. Application of the method at the Ulanqab UCG site has successfully increased the resource recovery efficiency from 40 % to 60 %, and the study also clarifies the influence of various geological conditions on gasification recovery efficiencies. These findings hold practical significance for promoting the large-scale development of UCG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of discrete element numerical simulation methods in mechanical characterization of hydrate-bearing sediments: Research status and challenges","authors":"Songkui Sang ,&nbsp;Liang Kong ,&nbsp;Yapeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Likun Hua ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu ,&nbsp;Shijun Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Bai ,&nbsp;Gan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural gas hydrates, as a promising clean energy source, have garnered significant attention globally. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) and their evolution during hydrate decomposition is essential for ensuring sustainable, efficient, safe, and controllable hydrate exploitation. The macroscopic mechanical properties of HBS are controlled by the evolution of their internal microscopic structures. It is of great significance to clarify the evolution of the internal microscopic mechanical properties of HBS for an insightful understanding and a comprehensive evaluation of their mechanical properties. Therefore, it is discussed around the problems of micromechanical properties related to HBS in discrete element numerical simulation. A comprehensive review and summary of current research on micromechanical properties in HBS is presented, covering four key aspects: microscopic structural types, discrete element sampling methods, micromechanical properties, and hydrate decomposition microscopic multi-field coupled discrete element simulation. The paper briefly discusses the relationship between micromechanical structural types of HBS and the formation of reservoirs under varying geological conditions and gas environments. Additionally, it introduces the latest sampling methods and techniques for HBS with different hydrate morphologies in discrete element method (DEM) numerical simulation. The impact of diverse hydrate morphologies and saturations on the micromechanical properties of HBS is outlined. Recent advancements in studying hydrate decomposition microscopic multi-field coupling and its influence on the evolution of micromechanical properties in HBS are summarized. The paper delves into the internal relationship between the evolution of micromechanical properties and the macromechanical response of HBS. Finally, it discusses the current shortcomings and challenges in micromechanical property research of HBS and provides corresponding suggestions. This study aims to offer insights and directions for the DEM numerical simulation research on the micromechanical properties of HBS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of gas injection induced hydro-Mechanical coupling and damage in COx claystone","authors":"Zhan Yu ,&nbsp;Jian-Fu Shao ,&nbsp;Gilles Duveau ,&nbsp;Minh-Ngoc Vu ,&nbsp;Carlos Plua","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study, part of international research project DECOVALEX-2023, investigates the impact of gas injection on COx claystone proposed by the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency. A biphase flow model, accounting for both liquid and gas phases in porous materials, is developed to analyze the hydro-mechanical coupling behavior induced by high gas pressure. A phase field model is incorporated to describe the coupled cracking behavior. The model is validated using a one-dimensional benchmark, confirming the reliability of the numerical simulation. Subsequently, a series of two-dimensional benchmarks are utilized to study the effects of initial stress isotropy, material anisotropy, and damage zones on the gas injection process. Key findings include the identification of symmetric distributions in isotropic conditions, altered pressure distributions in anisotropic initial stress conditions, and the effect of transversely isotropic material properties on the shape and propagation of high-pressure zones and damage areas. The phase field model successfully captures the transition from diffuse damage to localized cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can mining data be used for regional stress derivation? – Recommendations based on examples from the Ruhr area","authors":"Thomas Niederhuber ,&nbsp;Martina Rische ,&nbsp;Birgit I.R. Müller ,&nbsp;Thomas Röckel ,&nbsp;Felix Allgaier ,&nbsp;Kasper D. Fischer ,&nbsp;Frank R. Schilling ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Friederich","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the wide availability of stress measurements in mines it is tempting to infer the regional stress state from stress observations in mines. However, our study demonstrates limitations of this approach and how to overcome them. In this study we used hydraulic fracturing measurement data from shallow boreholes at different mining depth levels in the eastern Ruhr area and compared them with stress information from deep boreholes to infer the regional stress state. We defined selection criteria, which resulted in more robust values for <em>S</em>_<em>h</em>_min<!--> magnitudes because we eliminated the data that had been influenced by the mine galleries, mining sequence and nearby faults. When deriving <em>S</em>_<em>H</em>_max<!--><em>,</em> special consideration was given to the effect of pore pressure. Despite the fact that mines are filled with air, pore pressure cannot be automatically assumed to be zero. The pore pressure in the tested intervals is highly dependent on the excavation damage zone and the permeability of the rock. We show that careful selection of data and consideration of pore pressure (for <em>S</em>_<em>H</em>_max<!--> values) is essential to distinguish between local and regional stresses in mining areas. We therefore recommend the use of independent pore pressure observations and, where available, deep vertical borehole data. The resulting stress state in our study is indicative of normal fault tectonics, contradicting previous studies that infer a strike-slip tectonic regime. This results in less critical stress states of faults in the study area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple model to represent damage and fracturing in rock salt caused by heating and subsequent cooling: Understanding brine inflow data from the Brine Availability Test in Salt (BATS)","authors":"Claire Watson ,&nbsp;Steven Benbow ,&nbsp;Alexander Bond ,&nbsp;Simon Norris ,&nbsp;Sam Parsons","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt deposits are being considered in several countries as potential host rocks for deep geological disposal facilities (GDFs) for radioactive waste. Although the very low porosity and lack of water content are favorable properties of salt that make it well-suited for this purpose, brine is present in amounts that are not insignificant when considering potential corrosion of waste canisters and pathways for radionuclide migration. It is therefore important to understand the processes and mechanisms that can cause brine to flow into the GDF. In this paper a relatively simple model is described that represents damage and fracturing in rock salt caused by heating and subsequent cooling. The model is used to simulate brine inflow to a heated borehole, using data from the Brine Availability Test in Salt (BATS) which was carried out at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in New Mexico, USA. Key characteristics of BATS and other, similar, experiments are increased brine production during periods of elevated temperature and a very large but short-lived increase shortly after the heat source is removed. The latter is not directly relevant to the disposal of heat-generating radioactive waste, where the heat source will gradually diminish over time, but the ability to simulate this phenomenon demonstrates an understanding of the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that operate in salt-based systems. The modelling demonstrates that a certain level of complexity is needed (such as the inclusion of viscoplastic effects and damage) to capture the key behaviors, but complexity can be tailored to the purposes of the study. In this case, a 1D model and a simple representation of the damage directly linked to permeability change was sufficient to gain a detailed understanding of the system. This includes the importance of the excavation damage zone (EDZ) in controlling the availability of brine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrete fracture network model benchmarks developed and applied in a DECOVALEX-2023 repository performance assessment study","authors":"Paul E. Mariner ,&nbsp;Rosie C. Leone ,&nbsp;Emily R. Stein ,&nbsp;Jeffrey D. Hyman ,&nbsp;Jan Thiedau ,&nbsp;Zhenze Li ,&nbsp;Son Nguyen ,&nbsp;Yong-Min Kim ,&nbsp;Jung-Woo Kim ,&nbsp;Chieh-Chun Chang ,&nbsp;Scott A. Briggs ,&nbsp;Mark Gobien ,&nbsp;Ondrej Mikláš ,&nbsp;Nicholas I. Osuji ,&nbsp;Auli Niemi","doi":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gete.2025.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents newly developed benchmarks for modeling flow and transport within discrete fracture networks (DFNs) and useful methods for analyzing the results. The new benchmarks are designed to test modeling approaches for use in probabilistic performance assessment models of deep geologic repositories in fractured rock. The benchmarks simulate flow and transport through a 1 km³ block of fractured rock. The first simulates migration of a short pulse of tracer through a simple network of four intersecting fractures. The second adds 1089 stochastically generated fractures. The third changes the pulse to a continuous point source. Evaluation of model performance relies on moment analysis and comparison of the results of different models. The expected nondimensional first moment of the conservative tracer for each benchmark is 1. The benchmarks were simulated by teams from Canada, Czechia, Germany, Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, and the United States as part of a DECOVALEX-2023 study (decovalex.org). The teams used various approaches, including explicit DFN modeling, DFN upscaling to an equivalent continuous porous medium (ECPM), and a combination of both methods. Transport mechanisms are modeled using either the advection-dispersion equation or particle tracking. Results demonstrate strong agreement among the models in breakthrough behavior up to the 75th percentile. Significant deviations in first moments and well-clustered outputs led to the identification of inaccuracies in several models. Such findings exemplify the benefit of exercising these benchmarks and using the presented methods to test DFN flow and transport models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56008,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}