Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Vascularized iliac crest flap with double musculocutaneous skin islands for reconstruction of composite buccal and mandibular defects after gingival squamous cell carcinoma resection: A case report","authors":"Bang Zeng ,&nbsp;Hao Lin ,&nbsp;Diarra Drissa ,&nbsp;Renbin Zhou ,&nbsp;Lei Ma ,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Jialiang Chen ,&nbsp;Tianfu Wu ,&nbsp;Bing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC) is a challenging malignancy often requiring extensive surgical resection and complex reconstruction. This study presents a 69-year-old male with left mandibular GSCC, treated with segmental </span>mandibulectomy and </span>selective neck dissection<span><span><span>, followed by reconstruction using a deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) vascularized </span>iliac crest flap with double musculocutaneous skin islands. Preoperative virtual surgical planning and 3D-printed surgical guides facilitated precise </span>osteotomy<span><span> and optimal flap design. The harvested iliac flap provided robust vascularization<span>, adequate bone volume for mandibular continuity, and dual skin paddles for intraoral and extraoral soft tissue coverage. Postoperative evaluation demonstrated excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes, with stable osseous integration, viable soft tissue reconstruction, and no recurrence. This case underscores the versatility of the DCIA iliac crest flap in restoring both mandibular structure and oral function, highlighting advancements in </span></span>microvascular surgery<span>, 3D planning, and patient-specific reconstruction strategies. This case highlights the potential of the DCIA flap in addressing complex maxillofacial defects. However, it is critical to note that these findings are exclusively derived from a single-case analysis. Therefore, a larger cohort study is needed in future research to validate its applicability in practical scenarios.</span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of morphological changes in the soft tissue following orthognathic surgery in patients with severe (over 10 mm) facial asymmetry","authors":"Chiho Moon ,&nbsp;Changmo Sohn ,&nbsp;Dae-Seok Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to compare the quantitative differences in soft tissue changes among patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for facial asymmetry correction. A total of 24 patients treated between January 2015 and December 2022 were included. Data were collected at four time points: T0 (preoperative), T1 (3 days postoperatively), T2 (6 months postoperatively), and T3 (12 months postoperatively). Facial asymmetry was defined as a menton deviation of ≥10 mm from the midsagittal plane, with all patients undergoing maxillary canting correction during surgery.</div><div>Soft tissue changes were assessed using five anatomical landmarks: malar prominence (MP), alar curvature point (Ac), soft tissue gonion (Go), mid-ramus (mR), and cheilion (Ch). No sex-related differences were observed. Comparison between T2 and T3 revealed that four out of 24 patients (16.6 %) exhibited statistically significant differences. T3 demonstrated the lowest asymmetry index and the greatest soft tissue changes from T0. The deviated side exhibited the most pronounced changes, with cheilion showing the highest degree of symmetry improvement.</div><div>These findings provide insight into the morphological adaptations of soft tissue following orthognathic surgery and may assist in predicting postoperative outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric assessment of greater palatine canal and foramen variations in cleft lip and palate patients using CBCT","authors":"Rabia Duman Tepe,&nbsp;Beliz Guray,&nbsp;Sukriye Neslihan Senel,&nbsp;Hulya Cakir Karabas","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Anatomical variation of the greater palatine canal (GPC) is critical for safe regional anesthesia and posterior maxillary surgery. This study aimed to evaluate GPC anatomy in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to support safer clinical interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Anatomical comparisons were performed between CLP patients and non-cleft controls using CBCT scans. Evaluated parameters included greater palatine foramen (GPF) width, linear distances from the GPF to surrounding anatomical landmarks (such as the pterygoid canal (PC), infraorbital foramen (IOF), occlusal plane, and midsagittal plane), angular measurements of the GPC (transverse and vertical angles, and the angle toward the pterygopalatine fossa), the number of lesser palatine foramina, and the position of the GPF relative to maxillary molars. Subgroup analyses were conducted within the CLP group based on cleft type (unilateral cleft side, non-cleft side, bilateral), age (≤16 vs. &gt;16 years), and sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 118 patients with CLP and 118 healthy controls. CLP patients demonstrated significantly longer PC–IOF distances and significantly shorter GPF–PC distances compared to controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 for both). In addition, both transverse and vertical GPC angles were significantly greater in the CLP group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that bilateral CLP patients had lower PC–IOF distances and smaller vertical GPC angles compared to those with unilateral clefts (<em>p</em> = 0.018, <em>p</em> = 0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CLP patients demonstrate anatomical variations in GPC morphology that may affect anesthetic access and surgical safety. These findings highlight the value of individualized CBCT-based planning in maxillary procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144568139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of photobiomodulation on rat parotid gland cells after ionizing radiation – an experimental study in animal model – Part 1","authors":"Cristina Paixão Durães ,&nbsp;Larissa Lopes Fonseca ,&nbsp;Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos ,&nbsp;Arlen de Paulo Santiago Filho ,&nbsp;Marise Fagundes Silveira ,&nbsp;Lorena dos Reis Pereira Queiroz ,&nbsp;Allysson Steve Mota Lacerda ,&nbsp;Alfredo Maurício Batista de Paula ,&nbsp;Lucyana Conceição Farias ,&nbsp;André Luiz Sena Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span><span><span>Radiotherapy for head and neck cancers often impairs </span>salivary gland function<span>. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a potential intervention to mitigate radiation-induced </span></span>tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PBM on the </span>parotid glands<span><span> of Wistar rats subjected to </span>ionizing radiation.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Forty-two male Wistar rats (7–8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to seven groups (</span><em>n</em> = 6). G1: control; G2: radiotherapy only (20 Gy); G3: PBM only; G4–G7: PBM combined with radiotherapy. PBM was applied using the Laser Duo (MMOptics®) with 660 nm and/or 808 nm wavelengths, varying in dose and number of application points. The histological analysis focused on preserving the acinar area. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the threshold for preserved acinar architecture.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The group receiving combined PBM (660 nm + 808 nm, 54 J per gland; G5) demonstrated the highest preservation of acinar morphology, closely resembling the control. Groups receiving isolated red or infrared wavelengths (G4, G6) showed moderate protection. The lowest dose group (G7, 1.8 J) was ineffective.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PBM significantly reduced RT-induced damage to the parotid glands in a dose-dependent manner. The red laser protocol at 27 J per gland showed the highest level of tissue preservation. These findings support the potential of PBM as a protective adjunct during radiation therapy (RT) and justify further studies to standardize optimal clinical parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontiers and knowledge map of macrophage in wound healing: a scientometric and visualization analysis","authors":"Chongqing Yu ,&nbsp;Chi Xu ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>The skin is a protective barrier against environmental elements. Given its position as the body's outermost layer, the skin is vulnerable to injury<span>, often leading to what we commonly refer to as wounds<span>. Wound healing presents a substantial and intricate challenge in both clinical practice and scientific investigation. Among the key players in wound healing, macrophages hold a central role as primary </span></span></span>inflammatory cells<span>. Therefore, this study aims to portray the knowledge landscape in the realm of macrophages in wound healing through bibliometric analysis.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Publications concerning macrophages in wound healing were comprehensively searched and selected from the Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC) database.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>A total of 1998 publications from 71 countries/regions, focusing on macrophages in wound healing, were identified and published between 1987 and 2023. China and the USA<span> ranked as the top two contributors in this field. Leading institutions included Shanghai Jiaotong University, the University System of OHIO, the University of California System, the University of Illinois System, and the University of Manchester. Chen L emerged as the most prolific author with the highest number of citations, while Werner S ranked in the top one in the average citations. Among journals, the Journal of Investigative Dermatology had the most publications, while Wound Repair and Regeneration was the most cited. Noteworthy keywords in this area encompass antibacterial, </span></span>nanoparticles, hydrogel, and antioxidant. The research focus has shifted from traditional mechanisms of wound healing to the advanced application of biomaterials. Emerging hotspots in research center around biomaterials, with keywords like 'hydrogel,' 'nanoparticles,' 'inflammation,' 'macrophage polarization,' and 'antibacterial' gaining prominence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Collectively, hydrogel stands out as a promising treatment approach for wound healing. This study offers an extensive overview of research on macrophages in wound healing from 1987 to 2023, utilizing bibliometric analysis, providing readers with a valuable reference to steer future research endeavors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical comparison of magnesium bioresorbable and titanium lag screws for mandibular symphysis fracture fixation: A finite element analysis","authors":"Amanurrahman Zubair Ahemad ,&nbsp;Vidya Rattan ,&nbsp;Satnam Singh Jolly ,&nbsp;Parveen Kalra ,&nbsp;Shagun Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><span>This study evaluates the biomechanical performance of magnesium bioresorbable lag screws compared to conventional titanium screws for mandibular symphysis fracture fixation using </span>finite element analysis (FEA).</div></div><div><h3>Material &amp; Methods</h3><div><span>A 3D mandible model was created using MIMICS software from high-resolution </span>CT<span> data. Fracture lines were simulated, and Mg and titanium screws were designed in SolidWorks and virtually implanted. Meshing was performed using 3-matic software to represent geometry accurately. FEA was conducted using ABAQUS under masticatory forces of 150 N (incisor load) and 550 N (molar load). Stress distribution, displacement, and fracture stability were assessed, with material properties derived from established data.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mg screws exhibited lower von Mises stress (VMS) compared to titanium screws under both loading conditions. For incisor loading, Mg screws recorded 44.71 MPa compared to 56.94 MPa for titanium, with the lowest stress in Mg screws (25.73 MPa). Similarly, under molar loading, Mg screws showed reduced stress (48.35 MPa vs. 61.53 MPa for titanium). Mandibular stress (22.158–23.14 MPa), screw deformation (0.230–0.255 mm), and fracture displacement (0.278–0.310 mm) were comparable across materials.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Mg screws demonstrated comparable biomechanical stability to titanium screws while significantly reducing stress concentrations, effectively transmitting loads within bone healing limits. Their bioresorbable nature eliminates the need for secondary surgeries, offering a promising alternative for mandibular fracture fixation and enhancing clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging-based maxillomandibular changes after head and neck radiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Vitoria Tavares Castro ,&nbsp;Larissa Di Carvalho Melo ,&nbsp;Yuri Silvestre-Barbosa ,&nbsp;Elaine Barros Ferreira ,&nbsp;Paula Elaine Diniz Reis ,&nbsp;Fabiana T. Almeida ,&nbsp;Andre Ferreira Leite ,&nbsp;Eliete Neves Silva Guerra","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>This systematic review<span><span><span><span><span> aims to evaluate the maxillomandibular bone changes post-radiotherapy in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients using qualitative and </span>quantitative imaging<span> analyses. The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, using the PEOS framework: patients with HNC (population), radiotherapy in the head and neck region (exposure), bone changes in the jaws detectable by radiographs (outcomes), including observational studies and experimental clinical trials (study design). A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science, along with gray literature. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, radiotherapy modalities, and imaging findings from </span></span>computed tomography scans or </span>panoramic radiographs<span> were extracted, with the risk of bias assessed using JBI’s critical appraisal tools, and studies at high risk of bias were excluded from the meta-analysis. A total of 30 studies involving 2441 patients met the inclusion criteria. Bone integrity alterations were the most frequently reported outcomes, including osteoradionecrosis (ORN), </span></span>bone sclerosis<span>, cortical thinning, trabecular density reduction, and osteolytic and osteosclerotic lesions. ORN was observed in 7 % of cases (95 % CI: 4–10 %). Periodontal alterations, such as periodontal ligament widening, were reported in five studies. Impaired bone healing included delayed socket ossification and </span></span></span>nonunion<span> after surgery. Panoramic radiography<span><span> was the most used imaging modality, while quantitative analyses, such as fractal dimension reductions and radiomics, revealed subtle changes indicative of bone deterioration. Radiotherapy significantly impacts bone integrity and healing in HNC patients. These findings highlight the importance of advanced </span>imaging techniques for early detection and personalized intervention strategies to mitigate radiation-induced bone complications.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: “The role of postoperative radiation therapy in early-stage tongue carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis”","authors":"Keerthi Sanapala ,&nbsp;Rachana Mehta ,&nbsp;Ranjana Sah","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102427","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: “Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis”","authors":"Keerthi Sanapala ,&nbsp;Rachana Mehta ,&nbsp;Ranjana Sah","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periauricular incision vs. Modified blair incision in parotidectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Tian Ci Du,&nbsp;Kai Lin Dong,&nbsp;Xin Tang Liu,&nbsp;Wen Jian Mao,&nbsp;Jian She Liu,&nbsp;Ye Jun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare safety, functional outcomes, and cosmetic results of periauricular incision<span> (PI) versus modified Blair incision (MBI) in superficial benign parotidectomy.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of </span>randomized controlled trials<span><span><span> (RCTs) comparing parotidectomy with PI versus MBI. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP<span> databases were searched through April 20, 2025 (PROSPERO: CRD42024620827). Outcomes included transient facial palsy, Frey’s syndrome, earlobe numbness, </span></span>facial deformity, patient satisfaction, salivary </span>fistula, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, hospital stay, and incision length. The risk of bias was assessed with RoB 2 and evidence certainty was graded by GRADE.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eleven RCTs encompassing 804 patients (PI 401; MBI 403) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis demonstrated that PI significantly reduced transient facial palsy (RR = 0.60, 95 % CI: 0.39–0.93; moderate certainty), Frey’s syndrome (RR = 0.27, 95 % CI: 0.13–0.55; high certainty), earlobe numbness (RR = 0.53, 95 % CI: 0.34–0.84; moderate certainty), and facial deformity (RR = 0.19, 95 % CI: 0.08–0.46; high certainty), as well as higher patient satisfaction (RR = 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.16–1.33; moderate certainty). No significant difference was observed in salivary fistula incidence (RR=0.70; 95 % CI, 0.31–1.59; low certainty) and operative time (SMD=-0.29; 95 % CI, –1.30–0.71; very low certainty). Intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage, hospitalization length, and incision length favored PI, but evidence quality was downgraded to low/very low due to high heterogeneity (<em>I</em>² = 72–97 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PI appears to be a safe, cosmetically superior alternative to MBI for small-to-medium benign, superficial parotid tumors. Further multicenter, high-quality RCTs with long-term follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"126 5","pages":"Article 102434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}