{"title":"A novel Moore–Penrose inverse to dual quaternion matrices with applications","authors":"Zi-Han Gao , Qing-Wen Wang , Lv-Ming Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In previous studies, the dual quaternion Moore–Penrose inverse was defined as a solution to the four Penrose equations, but it does not exist for all dual quaternion matrices. This paper introduces a novel dual quaternion Moore–Penrose (NDQMP) inverse by modifying the first Penrose equation <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>X</mi><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>A</mi></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>X</mi><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is the essential approximation of <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span>. The NDQMP inverse is shown to exist and be unique for all dual quaternion matrices. Using this inverse, we directly provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the dual quaternion matrix equation <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>X</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span>, along with an expression for the least-squares solution. Finally, the main results are applied to kinematics and image processing, highlighting their practical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The KdV hierarchy: Cauchy matrix approach","authors":"Zichen Huang , Shangshuai Li , Da-jun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Cauchy matrix approach is a direct method that has been widely used in the study of integrable systems. In this paper, we show how the Korteweg–de Vries hierarchy and their solutions can be formulated in the Cauchy matrix approach. Such a formulation can be extended to other integrable equations that admit Cauchy matrix structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global existence for the periodic deformed Hunter–Saxton equation","authors":"Yunzhi Zhang, Bo Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider the periodic Cauchy problem for the deformed Hunter–Saxton equation. Using mainly the sign-preserving property and a new conservation law, we establish a global existence result for such an equation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamics of a Holling-Tanner predator–prey model with harvesting and anti-predator behavior","authors":"Mengxin He , Zhong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we investigate a Holling-Tanner predator–prey model with harvesting and anti-predator behavior. It is shown that the double positive equilibrium is a cusp of codimension 2, the triple positive equilibrium is a nilpotent saddle of codimension 3, and the order of weak focus is 3. With influence of harvesting and anti-predator behavior, system exhibits complex bifurcation phenomena such as a cusp type Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation of codimension 2, and a degenerate Hopf bifurcation of codimension 3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of quasi-periodic lump chains to the generalized Davey–Stewartson-type system","authors":"Shou-Fu Tian , Zhaohua Li , Zhonglong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classification of quasi-periodic lump chains to the generalized Davey–Stewartson-type system is studied by combining the Hirota’s bilinear form with the Riemann-theta function. The quasi-periodic lump chains solvability problem can be formulated into an overdetermined system, which can be solved using the Gauss–Newton method. In particular, single lump can be categorized into three main types including bright lump, four-petaled lump and dark lump. Furthermore, by constraining the range of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, this classification can be further refined, yielding bright quasi-periodic lump chains, four-petaled quasi-periodic lump chains and dark quasi-periodic lump chains. Additionally, certain dynamic behaviors of the quasi-periodic lump chains are explored. These new structures enrich the phenomena of nonlinear waves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explicit high-order structure-preserving approach for sine-Gordon equation with Neumann boundary conditions","authors":"Jiaxiang Cai , Bingxian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We first derive high-order ‘symmetric image’ formulas to effectively address Neumann boundary conditions for the sine-Gordon equation. Then we propose a high-order energy-preserving approach by integrating the scalar auxiliary variable method with a fourth-order compact discretization and these derived formulas. The approach is highly efficient due to its explicit solver. Numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the solution accuracy, exact energy preservation, and waveform evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109729"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An efficient second-order filtered characteristic method for Navier–Stokes equations with its adaptive optimization","authors":"Zikang Hua , Jilian Wu , Ning Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper delves into the applications of the characteristic method (CM) and the time filter (TF) in the numerical resolution of the Navier–Stokes equations. To improve the temporal accuracy from first to second order without significantly increasing the computational complexity, the TF is appended to the original first-order CM. Subsequently, we also find that this method facilitates the construction of adaptive algorithms. Through rigorous numerical experiments and in-depth result analyses, the merits of combining the characteristic method with time filter in enhancing computational precision and efficiency are corroborated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gangwei Wang , Zixuan Tan , Xin-Yi Gao , Jian-Guo Liu
{"title":"A new (2+1)-dimensional like-Harry-Dym equation with derivation and soliton solutions","authors":"Gangwei Wang , Zixuan Tan , Xin-Yi Gao , Jian-Guo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, based on the two-dimensional zero-curvature condition, we derived a new (<span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)-dimensional nonlinear integrable system, which was subsequently transformed into a (<span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)-dimensional Harry-Dym equation. We then established a connection between the corresponding matrix Lax pair and a like KP equation, and obtained 2-soliton solutions via the Darboux transformation. The soliton profiles exhibit distinct knot-like features that highlight the intricate structure of the solutions. Finally, two conservation laws are presented for new equations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wave breaking via two types of singularities in fluid dynamics with quintic nonlinearity","authors":"Yuan Xiang , Yan-Nan Zhao , Hui-Qin Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we consider wave breaking problem for a simple wave propagating along a stationary medium with its profile characterized by a power function with account of quintic nonlinearity. Based on Whitham modulation theory, the dispersive shock wave (DSW) can be approximately represented as a modulated periodic solution with correct phase shift. The motion laws of the DSWs during wave breaking via two types of singularities at the soliton edge and small-amplitude edge can be analyzed separately.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incompressible Euler limits from a nonlinear Vlasov–Fokker–Planck equation with constant temperature","authors":"Young-Pil Choi , Jinwook Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aml.2025.109721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider the incompressible Euler limit of a nonlinear Vlasov–Fokker–Planck equation with constant temperature, under a regime where the Strouhal and Knudsen numbers scale as <span><math><mrow><mi>St</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>Kn</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> for <span><math><mrow><mi>q</mi><mo>></mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>. Using relative entropy methods and uniform moment bounds, we show that weak solutions converge to dissipative solutions of the incompressible Euler equations on the torus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55497,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics Letters","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}