European Journal of Wood and Wood Products最新文献_第6页

Estimation of the high-cycle fatigue behaviour of timber connections with inclined screws under tension

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02205-3

Peter Lothar Niebuhr, Mike Sieder

{"title":"Estimation of the high-cycle fatigue behaviour of timber connections with inclined screws under tension","authors":"Peter Lothar Niebuhr, Mike Sieder","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02205-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02205-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On the basis of 31 quasistatic and 27 constant-amplitude fatigue tests, the withdrawal behaviour of a self-tapping timber screw under cyclic loading is examined in two configurations with respect to the penetration length. Together with similar results from earlier withdrawal tests on threaded rods, indications of a dependence of the bearable load cycles on the penetration length are revealed. A larger penetration length was found to yield inferior performance under cyclic loads. Furthermore, combined with results from earlier axial tensile tests on the examined screw, insights into the transition point between steel tensile failure and withdrawal are gained. The results on the withdrawal failure mode are combined with results from earlier studies to develop a proposal for a holistic verification concept for the high-cycle fatigue design of connections with inclined self-tapping screws. After reviewing the relevant failure modes, the verification is reduced to the dominant failure modes, namely, withdrawal and steel tensile failure. Subsidiary effects such as bending in the fastener are inherently considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-025-02205-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

U-NET-based deep learning for automated detection of lathe checks in homogeneous wood veneers

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02208-0

Caroline Marc, Bertrand Marcon, Louis Denaud, Stéphane Girardon

{"title":"U-NET-based deep learning for automated detection of lathe checks in homogeneous wood veneers","authors":"Caroline Marc, Bertrand Marcon, Louis Denaud, Stéphane Girardon","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02208-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02208-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Automated detection of lathe checks in wood veneers presents significant challenges due to their variability and the natural properties of wood. This study explores the use of two convolutional neural networks (U-Net architecture) to enhance the precision and efficiency of lathe checks detection in poplar veneers. The approach involves sequential application of two U-Nets: the first for detecting lathe checks through semantic segmentation, and the second for refining these predictions by connecting fragmented lathe checks. Post-processing techniques are applied to denoise the mappings and extract precise lathe check characteristics. The first U-Net demonstrated strong performance in predicting lathe check presence, with precision and recall scores of 0.822 and 0.835, respectively. The second U-Net refined predictions by linking disjointed segments, improving the overall lathe checks mapping process. Comparative analysis with manual methods revealed comparable or superior performance of the automated approach, especially for shallow lathe checks. The results highlight the potential of the proposed method for efficient and reliable lathe check detection in wood veneers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-025-02208-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moisture distribution in cross laminated timber (CLT) made from heat-treated wood

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02212-4

Vahid Broushakian, Behbood Mohebby

{"title":"Moisture distribution in cross laminated timber (CLT) made from heat-treated wood","authors":"Vahid Broushakian, Behbood Mohebby","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02212-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02212-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cross laminated timber (CLT), as a versatile and sustainable engineered wood product, holds significant promise in the construction industry. However, its natural hygroscopic quality presents challenges, particularly in managing moisture-induced stresses and dimensional changes. Heat-treated wood, known for reduced moisture absorption and increased stability, poses an intriguing prospect for addressing these challenges within CLT structures. As an objective, this study investigated the influence of heat-treated wood on moisture distribution and gradients within CLT panels. It aims to explore the potential of heat-treated wood to mitigate moisture-induced stresses, enhance dimensional stability, and improve the overall performance of CLT structures. Fir wood lumbers underwent hydrothermal treatment before being utilized to fabricate CLT panel samples according to specified dimensions. Conditioning involved wet-to-dry and dry-to-wet cycles, with moisture distribution analyzed through weight assessments and the utilization of statistical software for gradient calculations. The results indicated that the moisture distribution across various layers revealed significant differences between control panels and those incorporating heat-treated wood. Notably, heat-treated wood layers exhibited lower moisture contents, contributing to reduced dimensional changes and minimized risks of delamination. The study also highlighted the impact of heat-treated wood in promoting uniform moisture distribution and dispersion, thereby reducing moisture-induced stresses and potential structural defects. Generally, the incorporation of heat-treated wood led to lowered moisture contents, smaller moisture gradients, as well as reduced instances of delamination within the CLT panels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanocellulose functionalized with ethylenediamine as a modifier of urea-formaldehyde adhesive in particleboard production

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02213-3

Jakub Kawalerczyk, Dorota Dziurka, Dorota Dukarska, Radosław Mirski

{"title":"Nanocellulose functionalized with ethylenediamine as a modifier of urea-formaldehyde adhesive in particleboard production","authors":"Jakub Kawalerczyk, Dorota Dziurka, Dorota Dukarska, Radosław Mirski","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02213-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02213-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the conducted research was to investigate the effect of introducing a nanocellulose (NC) functionalized with an ethylenediamine (EDA) to urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive on the properties of particleboard. The effectiveness of performed functionalization was confirmed using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and amino groups quantification. Based on the outcomes of a thermogravimetric analysis and the measurements of a contact angle, it was found that the EDA-modified nanocellulose was characterized by improved thermal stability and reduced hydrophilicity. Moreover, the results of differential scanning calorimetry showed that the modification of the UF adhesive increased the enthalpy of the curing reaction, which indicates an increase in the UF adhesive reactivity. The effect was particularly distinct when the EDA-modified NC was applied. Modification of the UF adhesive also had a positive effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the produced single-layer particleboards. The applied functionalization with EDA allowed to increase the potential of NC in improving the internal bond, reducing thickness swelling and formaldehyde content of the manufactured boards. Overall, the use of 1% EDA-modified NC was selected as the optimal variant enabling the production of particleboards characterized by enhanced strength, improved water resistance and decreased formaldehyde content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

WD Detector: deep learning-based hybrid sensor design for wood defect detection

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02211-5

Kenan Kılıç, Kazım Kılıç, İbrahim Alper Doğru, Uğur Özcan

{"title":"WD Detector: deep learning-based hybrid sensor design for wood defect detection","authors":"Kenan Kılıç, Kazım Kılıç, İbrahim Alper Doğru, Uğur Özcan","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02211-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02211-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fast-growing human demands in the world are leading to the expansion of industrialization. As wooden materials are increasingly used in industrial settings, detecting defects in wood has become crucial. Wood defects adversely affect the quality and durability of materials. A wood defect detection method, named WD Detector, is proposed in this study to identify wood defects. There are 18,284 defective wood surface images and 1,992 undefect wood images in a dataset of 20,276 wood images used for wood defect detection. 12 different classical machine learning algorithms are used to classify wood defects after extracting features from images with various CNNs and transfer learning approaches. In this study, feature extraction is performed by training the Xception CNN model. Once the features are extracted, classical machine learning algorithms are used to classify the wood defects. For the first time, a deep learning-based hybrid sensor design has been implemented on this dataset for wood defect detection. WD Detector achieved 99.32% accuracy in detecting wood surface defects using the new method. The success of this study’s method in detecting wood defects is believed to pave the way for future studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-025-02211-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The link frame model (LFM), a tool for the seismic analysis of timber frame buildings considering system effects

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02201-7

Nicol López, Sebastián Berwart, Pablo Guindos

{"title":"The link frame model (LFM), a tool for the seismic analysis of timber frame buildings considering system effects","authors":"Nicol López, Sebastián Berwart, Pablo Guindos","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02201-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02201-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article proposes a model that makes possible the seismic analysis of timber frame multistory buildings in general-purpose software. The model is entitled link frame model (LFM) and shows the following advantages in comparison to previous models: (1) it can model shearwalls only with frame elements and links with errors close to 0% with respect to analytical code models such as e.g. the special design provisions for wind and seismic (SDPWS); (2) for seismic analysis, both the static analysis method and the modal spectral analysis method can be used, in addition to the gravitational analysis; (3) the computation of the natural period shows deviations close to 0% in comparison with eigenvalues and eigenvectors; (4) it can be implemented in general purpose structural analysis software such as e.g. ETABS or SAP2000; and (5) building system effects, i.e. interaction of shearwalls with other assemblies, can optionally be captured if assigning the proper diaphragm out-of-plane flexural stiffness. Given the great impact of this last aspect in practical design, and the lack of its research, this paper does not only present the model and validation itself, but also analyzes the consequences of considering system effects in a representative case study building. The analysis demonstrates that the average shearwall tension (uplift) of regular buildings can decrease by 80% if considering system effects, which could make timber buildings much more cost competitive in seismic countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-025-02201-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Machine learning based density estimation of light red meranti (Shorea spp.): a segmented approach to multiple regression of self-organising maps colour clusters using custom made ‘KayuSort’ colour sorting software

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02209-z

Chiat Oon Tan, Shigenobu OGATA, Siew-Cheok Ng, Hwa Jen Yap, Zuriani Usop, Mohd’ Akashah Fauthan, Khairuddin Mahalil, Shaer Jin Liew

引用次数: 0

Correction: The impact of primers for wood bonding on beech wood’s Young’s modulus

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02210-6

Thomas Böger, Max Engelhardt, Klaus Richter, Antoni Sanchez-Ferrer

引用次数: 0

Development of swelling pressure in paulownia and Norway spruce during moisture absorption

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-025-02204-4

Hajir Al-musawi, Gerhard Emsenhuber, Bernhard Ungerer, Georg Baumann, Florian Feist, Ulrich Müller

{"title":"Development of swelling pressure in paulownia and Norway spruce during moisture absorption","authors":"Hajir Al-musawi, Gerhard Emsenhuber, Bernhard Ungerer, Georg Baumann, Florian Feist, Ulrich Müller","doi":"10.1007/s00107-025-02204-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00107-025-02204-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wood hybrid materials have gained significant attention for advanced technical applications over the past decade. In contrast to other materials, wood’s hygroscopic nature causes swelling and shrinkage, leading to differential expansion in hybrid systems under varying humidity conditions. When wood’s swelling is restrained by surrounding materials, stresses develop within both the wood and its adjacent components. To study this phenomenon, swelling tests were conducted on kiln-dried paulownia (<i>Paulownia elongata</i>) and Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) in a climate chamber at 20 °C and 98% relative humidity, with expansion restricted in one direction. Moisture absorption initially exhibited a steep, linear increase, levelling off after approximately 2 h. Swelling pressures rose sharply, peaking after 30 h for paulownia and 19 h for spruce, before gradually decreasing due to increased moisture content and relaxation. The measured stresses were lower than the compressive strengths of both wood species at their respective moisture contents. Microscopic examinations showed no cellular damage in paulownia during moisture absorption due to swelling pressure. In contrast, spruce wood displayed cell wall deformations and ray’s kinking in the early wood region of radial samples, as well as cell wall bending in tangential samples. This indicates that maximum stress is determined by the localised failure of the wood’s cellular structure rather than its overall properties. Such local effects were more pronounced in spruce than in paulownia due to their different structure. As a result, paulownia shows excellent potential for use in hybrid structures due to its low swelling and shrinkage properties and uniform structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":550,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-025-02204-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tool condition monitoring strategies from metal cutting: insights for optimizing wood-based material processing

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00107-024-02198-5

Yu-tang Chen, Jiao-hao Tian, Xiao-lei Guo, Bin Na

引用次数: 0