IET Renewable Power Generation最新文献

{"title":"A New Multi Deep Learning Technique With MR-IG Input Selection Algorithm for Multi-Step Wind Forecasting","authors":"Gholamreza Memarzadeh,&nbsp;Farshid Keynia","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70121","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, the use of renewable energy sources has increased significantly. Among these, wind energy stands out as abundant, cost-effective, highly efficient in energy conversion, and environmentally sustainable. This study proposes a hybrid approach based on advanced deep learning techniques for multi-step wind forecasting. The hybrid model integrates enhanced deep learning methods, optimal feature selection techniques, and decomposition transformation models to achieve precise multi-step wind forecasts. Our proposed method incorporates a sequence of robust techniques, including variational mode decomposition for signal discretization, maximum relevance interaction gain for selecting valuable input features, and a predictive model combining convolutional neural networks, gated recurrent units, and bidirectional long short-term memory. This integration leverages the strengths of each model while minimizing their limitations, resulting in improved efficiency and accuracy in forecasting. To evaluate the proposed method, wind power generation data from the Pennsylvania–New Jersey–Maryland (PJM) electricity market and wind speed data from the Favignana Island microgrid were analysed. The results of multi-step wind power forecasting demonstrate the hybrid model's commendable accuracy. For instance, in the PJM electricity market, the average mean absolute percentage error for 2018 ranges from 3.8401% for 1-h-ahead forecasting to 13.8123% for 12-h-ahead forecasting.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Digestion of Abattoir Effluent and Rumen Content for Waste Management and Biogas Production","authors":"Kudzai Mutisi,&nbsp;Mabatho Moreroa","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined the feasibility of using two primary waste types from a local abattoir for waste management and subsequent biogas production. In the study, wastewater (WW) and rumen content (RC) found at a red meat abattoir were used as substrates during anaerobic digestion (AD). An automated methane potential test system (AMPTS III) was employed to digest the substrates at different doses at 35°C. The raw WW exhibited a soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) of 74 g/L, indicating excessively high levels. Following AD, the maximum COD removal was observed during mono-digestion of RC, achieving a removal rate of 92.6% and a final sCOD of 3.2 g/L. The production of biogas was attributed to high RC loadings, wherein a cumulative biogas production of 1791 NmL/gCOD_removed was produced over 24 days, while biomethane and carbon dioxide production was 491.1 NmL/gCOD_removed and 1300 NmL/gCOD_removed over the same period. The study indicated that the inclusion of RC reduced the rate of pH decline in the digester, suggesting its viability as a material for AD. Typically, mono-digestion of the abattoir WW yields biomethane with a purity of up to 96.96%, while mono-digestion of RC yields high amounts of carbon dioxide.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Short-Term Forecasting of Photovoltaic Power Generation through Spatiotemporal Time-Series Image Conversion","authors":"Md Tanjid Hossain,&nbsp;Yanfu Jiang,&nbsp;Xingyu Shi,&nbsp;Xutao Han,&nbsp;Zhiyi Li","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seasonal fluctuations and the intermittent nature of photovoltaic (PV) generation create significant challenges for accurate short-term forecasting. This study presents Next Frame Gramian Angular field U-Net (NFGUN), a hybrid deep learning forecasting framework that stands apart from conventional methods by transforming 1D PV time-series data into 2D Gramian Angular Summation Field (GASF) images. Unlike models that rely on direct regression or sky imagery, NFGUN forecasts the next GASF frame using a deep architecture and reconstructs it back into time-series form, effectively capturing nonlinear temporal dynamics. Its uniqueness lies in several key innovations: (1) the integration of Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory 2D (ConvLSTM2D) into a customised U-Net model for better generalisation spatiotemporal features; (2) the incorporation of residual blocks in the bottleneck to preserve deep features while mitigating vanishing gradients and cyclical encoding of time to enrich seasonal patterns; (3) the use of Lanczos interpolation with CIEDE2000 colour difference for high-precision reconstruction from predicted image frames. We evaluate NFGUN against six well-established forecasting methods and measure performance using six accuracy metrics such as MAE, RMSE, and WAPE across all four seasons; NFGUN demonstrates superior performance. Compared to the best-performing benchmark, it achieved improvements in MAE (61.23% winter, 56% spring, 37.45% summer, 59.67% autumn), RMSE (48.34% winter, 64.63% spring, 31.65% summer, 45.83% autumn), and WAPE (49.9% winter, 43.84% spring, 45.83% summer, 48.72% autumn), underscoring its ability to adapt to seasonal variability. These results demonstrate NFGUN's ability to effectively capture complex, seasonal dynamics, making it a robust solution for ultra-short-term PV power forecasting.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review on Reliability and Lifetime Evaluation of Power Converters in Power Generation Systems","authors":"Muhammet Samil Kalay,&nbsp;Alper Nabi Akpolat","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70111","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The significance of power converters has grown substantially in recent years, driven by rapid advancements in sectors such as renewable energy generation and electric vehicles (EVs). As a result, the need to evaluate the reliability of power electronic devices has become increasingly critical. Research focusing on the degradation of power devices and estimating their remaining useful lifetime has accelerated. Consequently, a comprehensive review of the existing technological research in this domain is essential. This study seeks to provide a valuable reference for the industry by elucidating the core principles of reliability analysis in power converters and comparing various studies conducted in this field. In the context of reliability analysis and remaining lifetime estimation, particular attention is paid to semiconductor switching components, which form the cornerstone of these converters. After detailing the failure modes and mechanisms, the study focuses on the failure data and the measurement techniques employed for its collection. By highlighting the methodologies used in power device modeling and lifetime estimation, this work aims to offer guidance for future research in this area. In this context, the most effective studies conducted in the relevant field in recent years have been examined, evaluated, and presented as a road map for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Allocation and Operation of Battery Energy Storage Systems With Photovoltaic Generation in Modern Distribution Networks: A New Hybrid Approach","authors":"Diego Jose da Silva,&nbsp;Edmarcio Antonio Belati,&nbsp;Jesús M. López-Lezama,&nbsp;Mahdi Pourakbari-Kasmaei","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70114","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A multi-period mixed-integer non-linear programming model is proposed to optimally allocate battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in networks with photovoltaic generation. The solution methodology employs modified grey wolf optimisation (MGWO) to address the discrete part of the problem and a mathematical programming to handle its continuous part, resulting in a hybrid approach labelled as MGWO-H. The methodology considers the possibility of using BESSs to provide both active and reactive power. The proposal is based on generation and network load forecasts and is solved considering a 24-h time horizon to minimise energy losses. To demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model, several tests were carried out on two benchmark test systems. The results obtained using the proposed MGWO-H are compared with two additional proposals: a hybrid approach similar to MGWO-H that uses the original GWO, labelled as GWO-H, and a multi-period optimal power flow. In the two benchmark test systems of 33 and 141 buses, the results indicated that power losses were reduced by up to 30% and 13%, respectively, when BESSs provide only active power, and by 42% and 16.74% when BESSs provide both active and reactive power.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Stage Virtual Angular Frequency Control of Wind-Storage Generation System for Frequency Warning Requirements","authors":"Xiangyu Zhang,&nbsp;Yabo Cao,&nbsp;Hengyi Li,&nbsp;Yiming Liu","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70118","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evaluating the system's frequency regulation requirements using frequency security constraints and achieving rapid frequency response through coordinated wind-storage control are crucial for ensuring the stable operation of power systems with high penetration of renewable power generation. In this paper, a virtual angular frequency dynamic response model of the wind-storage generation system is established. Based on the model, the extremum time of the system's angular frequency response is calculated, and its key influencing factors are analyzed. Secondly, a method for dividing the system's angular frequency regulation range into three stages—extremum arrival, wind-storage conversion, and steady-state deviation recovery—is proposed according to the frequency regulation requirements and characteristics. To meet the security indicators of inertia support and primary frequency regulation (PFR) of wind-storage generation systems, a novel coordinated multi-stage virtual angular frequency control strategy is proposed, in which the virtual inertia of the wind turbine is prioritised, the inertia support of the energy storage device is coordinated, and the wind turbine and energy storage device participate in PFR. Finally, a wind-storage power generation system is built on the hardware-in-the-loop platform to verify that the proposed control strategy is conducive to clarifying the coordinated support functions and ensuring system frequency security requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear Control of Inertial Response for HVDC-Connected Offshore Wind Farms","authors":"Mahdi Jafari Harandi,&nbsp;Mohammad Tavakoli Bina,&nbsp;Masoud Aliakbar Golkar","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing penetration of renewable energy resources could be a major concern in terms of the primary frequency response of the grid. Nevertheless, this can potentially be addressed by the inertial response of the grid-connected DFIG-based offshore wind farms through VSC-HVDC-VSC (voltage-sourced converter). However, the inherent nonlinearity of this system leads to unsatisfactory performance when controlled with linear controllers. This paper proposes a nonlinear control strategy specifically designed to enable robust inertial support under the grid frequency events. A detailed nonlinear model is developed for the entire system, including the wind turbine, DFIG converters, HVDC transmission system, and grid interface. Unlike conventional omission of nonlinear terms, the output feedback linearisation (FL) is applied to transform the coordinates of the nonlinear system into a new coordinate representing a linear structure while fully retaining the original nonlinearities, thereby ensuring accurate dynamic representation. Furthermore, a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy is proposed to ensure robust system performance in the face of load variations and uncertainties in the engaged system and grid parameters. The stability of the system's internal dynamics and the sliding surface in the SMC is demonstrated using Lyapunov's method. The performance of the proposed controller is validated through various simulations under different scenarios by employing the IEEE 39-bus test system.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Input High Step-Up Boost-SEPIC Converter With Common Ground","authors":"Shahriar Khatibi Nejad,&nbsp;Mohammad Rouhollah Yazdani,&nbsp;Majid Delshad,&nbsp;Mahdi Sajadieh","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70115","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes a dual-input single-output high step-up converter for use in renewable energy systems. In this converter, the boost and SEPIC structures are integrated. To achieve high voltage gain with a low component count and high power density, the SEPIC second inductor is coupled with the boost inductor. A passive clamp circuit absorbs the leakage inductance energy and recycles it to the load. Thus, the switch voltage stress at the turn-off moment is limited. The switch voltage stress decreases, and the converter benefits from a common ground between the input and output. Moreover, all the switch sources are connected to the ground. Hence, the converter control circuit is simple. In this converter, all diodes turn off at the ZCS condition, and the reverse recovery problem is eliminated. In this article, the proposed converter operating principles are investigated, and the converter is analyzed. To demonstrate the advantages of the converter, the proposed converter is compared with its counterparts. The experimental results for the 100 W prototype confirm the results of the theoretical analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling and Study of Shunt Currents in an Industrial Alkaline Water Electrolyser With Various Number of Cells in Series","authors":"Galdi Hysa,&nbsp;Tuomas Anttilainen,&nbsp;Vesa Ruuskanen,&nbsp;Santeri Pöyhönen,&nbsp;Antti Kosonen,&nbsp;Markku Niemelä,&nbsp;Pertti Kauranen,&nbsp;Jero Ahola","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interest in green hydrogen production using electrolysers powered by renewable energy has grown in recent years, driven by applications in energy storage and various industrial sectors. Scaling-up alkaline water electrolyser (AWE) stacks by increasing the number of series-connected cells, and elevating the operating voltage (1000–1500 V) can reduce overall capital cost and improve the efficiency of power converters. However, shunt currents remain a key challenge, preventing scaling-up of AWE, while reducing the energy efficiency, especially under partial load conditions. This study developed an equivalent circuit model of the stack to investigate the impact of shunt currents on a large-scale AWE. The model was verified with measurement data of an industrial AWE system, and the simulations were carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The main goal of this work was the shunt currents modelling, based on a resistance components network of each cell, considering the geometric design of fluid ports and manifolds, and the presence of gas bubbles in outlet channels at the anode and cathode. Impact of increasing the equivalent resistance of fluid ports was studied across stacks of various lengths, containing a larger number of series-connected cells. The reduction of shunt currents can significantly improve the energy efficiency of AWE systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offshore Energy and Storage 2023 Malta - Sea Opportunity","authors":"Rupp Carriveau,&nbsp;Tonio Sant,&nbsp;Seamus Garvey","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.70117","DOIUrl":"10.1049/rpg2.70117","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The years 2023 and 2024 marked a pivotal period for global climate and energy policy. The European Union was advancing its REPowerEU plan to accelerate renewable energy deployment and reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels. More globally, nations around the world have been ramping up efforts to meet clean energy targets under the Paris Agreement. Subsequently, the spotlight has increasingly turned to offshore renewable energy and long-duration storage systems as essential pillars of a resilient, low-carbon global economy. Offshore wind, in particular, offers vast untapped potential, especially when integrated with emerging technologies such as green hydrogen production, wave energy harvesting and compressed air energy storage. Given that nearly half of the world's population resides in coastal regions, the development of scalable offshore energy solutions is not just an environmental imperative—it is an economic one. In this context, the Offshore Energy and Storage Society (OSES) has emerged as a vital force in mobilising the international research community, industry stakeholders, and policy leaders towards the realisation of integrated offshore energy systems. The contributions in this Special Issue reflect the Society's mission and demonstrate the technical ingenuity, interdisciplinary thinking and systems-level insight required to advance offshore energy and storage innovations in support of global climate goals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Carriveau drafted this Editorial Article. Article was reviewed by Sant and Garvey.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors have no conflicts of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dr. Rupp Carriveau&lt;/b&gt; is the director of the Environmental Energy Institute and co-director of the Turbulence and Energy Lab, and co-lead of AgUWin at the University of Windsor. His research activities focus on energy systems futures and advanced agricultural systems. Dr. Carriveau serves on several editorial boards, including Wind Engineering, Advances in Energy Research, and the International Journal of Sustainable Energy. He is a recipient of the University Scholar Award and has acted as a research ambassador for the Council of Ontario Universities. He is a Founder of the Offshore Energy and Storage Society (OSES) and co-chaired recent OSES Events in Ningbo, China; Brest, France; and recently chaired OSES2024 New Bedford. Dr. Carriveau represents Canada in the International Energy Agency Wind Task on Digitalization. He is the chair of the IEEE Ocean Energy Technology Committee and has been named to Canada's Clean50 for his contributions to clean capitalism.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dr. Tonio Sant&lt;/b&gt; is a professor of fluid mechanics at the University of Malta and a leading expert in offshore renewable energy systems. He is the co-founder of FLASC (Floating Liquid-piston Accumulator using Seawater under Compression), a pioneering start-up focused on offshore energy storage solutions that integrate directly with floating renewable platforms. Dr. Sant's research bridges fluid dynamics","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.70117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}