IET Renewable Power Generation最新文献

{"title":"Transient synchronization stability mechanism of PMSG with additional inertia control","authors":"Yayao Zhang,&nbsp;Meng Zhan","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synchronous stability is crucial for the safety and operation of AC power systems. However, most of the current researches focused on the stability of grid-connected converters, and that of renewable equipment still lacked. In this article, the impact of the additional inertia control (AIC) on the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is studied. It is found that with the AIC, the machine-side converter dynamics of the PMSG cannot be ignored, and the system dominant dynamics shifts from the electromagnetic to electromechanical timescales. This article develops a simplified model for the single-PMSG infinite-bus system with the AIC within the electromechanical timescale, and reveals the transient synchronization stability mechanism from three aspects: the machine-network interface, transient dominant variable, and interaction between the synchronization loop and the power imbalance loop. Finally, this article analyzes the swing characteristics of the PMSG system, and uncovers the relationship between the energy transmission and synchronization. These findings are supported by wide experimental verification and can provide the deeper physical insight and theoretical basis for the transient synchronous stability analysis of renewable-dominated new-type power systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2773-2784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting the determinant factors on the available flexibility area of ADNs at TSO-DSO interface","authors":"Abbas Rabiee,&nbsp;Ricardo J. Bessa,&nbsp;Jean Sumaili,&nbsp;Andrew Keane,&nbsp;Alireza Soroudi","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Active distribution networks (ADNs) are consistently being developed as a result of increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy transition from fossil-fuel-based to zero carbon era. This penetration poses technical challenges for the operation of both transmission and distribution networks. The determination of the active/reactive power capability of ADNs will provide useful information at the transmission and distribution systems interface. For instance, the transmission system operator (TSO) can benefit from reactive power and reserve services which are readily available by the DERs embedded within the downstream ADNs, which are managed by the distribution system operator (DSO). This article investigates the important factors affecting the active/reactive power flexibility area of ADNs such as the joint active and reactive power dispatch of DERs, dependency of the ADN's load to voltage, parallel distribution networks, and upstream network parameters. A two-step optimization model is developed which can capture the P/Q flexibility area, by considering the above factors and grid technical constraints such as its detailed power flow model. The numerical results from the IEEE 69-bus standard distribution feeder underscore the critical importance of considering various factors to characterize the ADN's P/Q flexibility area. Ignoring these factors can significantly impact the shape and size of Active Distribution Networks (ADN) P/Q flexibility maps. Specifically, the Constant Power load model exhibits the smallest flexibility area; connecting to a weak upstream network diminishes P/Q flexibility, and reactive power redispatch improves active power flexibility margins. Furthermore, the collaborative support of reactive power from a neighboring distribution feeder, connected in parallel with the studied ADN, expands the achievable P/Q flexibility. These observations highlight the significance of accurately characterizing transmission and distribution network parameters. Such precision is fundamental for ensuring a smooth energy transition and successful integration of hybrid renewable energy technologies into ADNs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2455-2467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind turbine generator failure analysis and fault diagnosis: A review","authors":"Huan Liu,&nbsp;YuZe Wang,&nbsp;Tao Zeng,&nbsp;HaiFeng Wang,&nbsp;Shing-Chow Chan,&nbsp;Li Ran","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The large scale deployment of modern wind turbines and the yearly increase of installed capacity have drawn attention to their operation and maintenance issues. The development of highly reliable and low-maintenance wind turbines is an urgent demand in order to achieve the low-carbon goals, and the arrival of fault diagnosis provides assurance for its satisfactory operation and maintenance. Numerous statistical studies have pointed out that generator failures are a main cause of wind turbine system downtime. The generator, as one of the core components, converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the generators can hardly operate reliably towards the end of the turbine life owing to the variable-speed conditions and harsh electromagnetic environments. This article first provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the electrical and mechanical failures of various parts (stator, rotor, air gap and bearings) of the generator. Then the fault characteristics and diagnostic processes of generators are investigated, and the principles and processes of fault diagnosis are discussed. Finally, the application of four categories of model-based, signal-based, knowledge-based and hybrid approaches to wind turbine generator fault diagnosis is summarized. The comprehensive review shows that the hybrid approach is now the leading and most accurate tool for real-time fault diagnosis for wind turbine generators. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of algorithm performance using false alarm rates is proposed. The methodology can subsequently be applied to the wind industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 15","pages":"3127-3148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An adaptive method for real-time photovoltaic power forecasting utilizing mathematics and statistics: Case studies in Australia and Vietnam","authors":"Tuyen Nguyen-Duc,&nbsp;Huu Vu-Xuan-Son,&nbsp;Hieu Do-Dinh,&nbsp;Nam Nguyen-Vu-Nhat,&nbsp;Goro Fujita,&nbsp;Son Tran-Thanh","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The advancement of Photovoltaic technology has undergone rapid acceleration in recent years. Nonetheless, the most significant drawback of Photovoltaic is its intermittence, making it an obvious source of power fluctuation. This study proposes a novel scheme for real-time or intraday PV power forecasting by adopting two predictive models, namely, White-box and Combination. The White-box model is implemented employing mathematical calculations and statistics called Exceedance Probability. Meanwhile, the Combination model is an aggregation of several predictive models' outputs including the White-box model and benchmark ones by dynamically adjusting the weight coefficient of each model based on their forecasting accuracy. The experimental results, which are verified on two PV systems corresponding to two case studies located at Vietnam and Australia, indicate that the two proposed models outperform other referenced models as <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>nMAPE</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$mathrm{nMAPE}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> improves approximately 40% and 38% in terms of the first and second case study, respectively. In particular, the White-box model shows superiority by updating the forecast every 10 min, which can adapt to the fluctuation of weather conditions whereas the Combination one yields acceptable precision, indicating its flexible application.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2589-2604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of DC-bus control modes and impacts on energy yield for a modular HVDC wind drive train","authors":"Lorrana Faria da Rocha,&nbsp;Lynn Verkroost,&nbsp;Hendrik Vansompel,&nbsp;Pål Keim Olsen","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article aims to investigate different dc-bus voltage balancing control modes for a modular HVDC drive train applied to offshore wind energy. The modular structure discussed consists of a stacked polyphase bridge converter connected to the modules of a segmented generator. Three voltage control modes are analysed: non-voltage balancing, voltage balancing allowing overcurrent, and voltage balancing with power derating. Assembly imperfections and operation differences can cause parametric deviations across modules leading to generation unbalance. When operating with voltage balancing with power derating, none has ac overcurrent or dc overvoltage. However, when the turbine is already operating at nominal power, a reduction in total power is required for this to occur. On the other hand, non-voltage balancing or voltage balancing allowing overcurrent could bring more generated power to the system as the optimal output power allows dc overvoltage or ac overcurrent in some of the modules, respectively. Therefore, there is a trade-off between efficiency and oversizing the system's components. A sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the expected dc-bus voltage deviation. Experimental results in a low-power prototype validate the voltage balancing control modes and a case study demonstrates the impact on energy yield in an offshore wind turbine.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2575-2588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of grid-following VSCs on frequency distribution of power grid","authors":"Qingyuan Ma,&nbsp;Lei Chen,&nbsp;Luyang Li,&nbsp;Yong Min,&nbsp;Yudan Shi","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing penetration of grid-following voltage source converters (GFL-VSCs) in the power grid has changed the frequency dynamics of the system. GFL-VSC follows the frequency of the terminal bus using a phase-locked loop, therefore it does not establish the frequency in the same manner as a synchronous generator. However, previous research has demonstrated that GFL-VSC without additional frequency controls not only tracks the terminal frequency during the system dynamic process bus also has an influence on it, and derives the relationship between GFL-VSC and terminal frequency through a simplified model. This paper further derives a more generic relationship considering the influences of q-axis current and grid voltage amplitude variation, which were ignored in previous research. The relationship has proven to be effective and valid. Several influencing factors are analysed to describe the ability to modify terminal frequency. Then the effect of GFL-VSCs on the frequency distribution of power grid is studied. The frequency divider formula is improved by incorporating the relationship, which provides a frequency estimation formula applicable for system with multiple GFL-VSCs. Two system-level simulations verify the conclusion and related influencing factors are analysed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2619-2628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design optimization of inner and outer-rotor PMSGs for X-ROTOR wind turbines","authors":"Reza Yazdanpanah,&nbsp;Seyed Abolfazl Mortazavizadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Salehian,&nbsp;David Campos-Gaona,&nbsp;Olimpo Anaya-Lara","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents an analytical design approach for the inner and outer rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs) that are a key component of wind turbines. By developing the analytical model, sensitivity analysis has been performed to determine the effect of some important geometrical and electromagnetic parameters on the generator's output characteristics. The GA optimization algorithm was used to find optimized designs in terms of efficiency, weight, cost, and temperature rise. In order to find the global optimization solution within the allowed variable range and in accordance with the constraints, a combined objective function has also been defined. In order to validate the analytical model, ANSYS electromagnetic and thermal simulations have been used. With this approach, the designer is provided with a good understanding of the input parameters and constraints in light of the application requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2605-2618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active distribution network fault section location method based on characteristic wave coupling","authors":"Zhiren Liu,&nbsp;Kai Chen,&nbsp;Jinghua Xie,&nbsp;Xiaolong Wu,&nbsp;Wenzhou Lu","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As distributed generators (DG) and power electronic devices become more integrated, distribution networks have evolved from being passive to active, and power flow has shifted from unidirectional to bidirectional. This transformation has negatively impacted power quality, leading to weakened fault transient attributes and increased harmonic complexities. Consequently, the efficacy of traditional relay protection has diminished, elevating the risk of misoperation or misjudgment and compromising the safety of distribution networks. In response to these challenges, a fault section location method for active distribution network based on characteristic wave coupling is proposed to expand the fault difference. This method explores the principles of characteristic wave coupling, discusses characteristic wave parameter selection theory, examines the start-up control strategy for characteristic wave coupling, and establishes a protection action criterion by comparing the energy difference of characteristic waves based on the fault identification principle. Subsequently, by utilizing multiple inverter interfaced distributed generators to actively couple characteristic waves into the distribution network during faults, achieves rapid identification and location of fault sections. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is substantiated through simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink and experimental outcomes obtained from a low-voltage active distribution network experimental platform based on dSPACE1103.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 15","pages":"3020-3039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A coordination control between energy storage based DVR and wind turbine for continuous fault ride-through","authors":"Xunjun Chen,&nbsp;Guangchao Geng,&nbsp;Quanyuan Jiang","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Continuous fault ride-through (CFRT) issues often arise in wind power systems. CFRT results in continuous voltage fluctuations which is characterized by “initially decreasing and then increasing” and can significantly disrupt the normal operation of wind power systems. To mitigate CFRT related problems, one approach is the utilization of energy storage (ES) based dynamic voltage restorers (DVRs). Nevertheless, the prohibitive costs and substantial ES requirements hamper practical implementation. In this article, a control scheme incorporating adaptive mode switching and coordinated control is proposed. First, the adaptive mode switching control leverages the advantages of two DVR compensation methods to reduce the injected voltage amplitude. The mode switching is activated by the DC link voltage and utilizes the PQR transformation to unlock the phase-locked loop (PLL). Subsequently, an adaptive coordination coefficient is introduced, which considers the margin of ES regulation power and rotor inertia, to maintain power balance during CFRT. This proposed control strategy not only enables wind turbines to seamlessly ride through continuous faults without disconnecting from the grid but also leads to a reduction in the ES compensation requirement. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, simulations based on Simulink and hardware-in-loop (HIL) experiments are conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 14","pages":"2560-2574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-linear coordinated control of LPMG-based direct drive wave energy conversion system with supplementary energy storage system based on feedback linearization","authors":"Yiyan Sang,&nbsp;Jiamin Sheng,&nbsp;Hua Xue,&nbsp;Yufei Wang,&nbsp;Qigang Wu","doi":"10.1049/rpg2.13094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.13094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The linear permanent magnet generator (LPMG)-based direct drive wave energy conversion system (DDWECS) works under perpetual fluctuations of ocean waves. Short-term energy storage, such as electrochemical energy storage, is usually adopted in a supplementary energy storage system (SESS) to buffer power fluctuations. Since the investigated DDWECS consists of various non-linear components such as insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs)-based power electronic converters, the unremitting changes of system working conditions caused by ocean wave effects will degrade the dynamic performance with conventional linear controllers which are implemented via local linearization around a single working condition. This paper proposes the multiple feedback linearization based non-linear coordinated control (MFLNCC) scheme for coordinating non-linear plants in DDWECS with SESS such as the machine-side converter (MSC), the grid-side converter (GSC) and DC/DC converter in SESS. The enhanced dynamic performance of the proposed MFLNCC in DDWECS with SESS is validated under different scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":55000,"journal":{"name":"IET Renewable Power Generation","volume":"18 15","pages":"3077-3090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/rpg2.13094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}