Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Structure and Wearing Modes on the Protective Performance of Industrial Safety Helmet.","authors":"Tian-Cheng Li, Hua Zhao, Bin Zhang, Cheng-Fei Du","doi":"10.1115/1.4066467","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4066467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to explore the effects of helmet structure designs and wearing modes on the protective performance of safety helmets under the impact of falling objects. Four helmet types (no helmet, V-shaped, dome-shaped, and motorcycle helmets) and five wearing modes (left and right tilt by 5 deg, backward tilt by 15 deg, 0 deg without chin strap, 0 deg with chin strap) were included in this study. The axial impact of a concrete block under various impact velocities was simulated. The results indicate that the energy absorption and shock mitigation effects of the foam cushion are superior to those of the suspension system in traditional industrial safety helmets. The structure of the top of V-shaped helmets is designed to withstand greater impact. Regarding the wearing mode, the helmet strap's deflection angle increases stress in the brain tissue and skull, heightens intracranial pressure, and causes pressure diffusion toward the forehead.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Based Differences and Asymmetry in Hip Kinematics During Unilateral Extension From Deep Hip Flexion.","authors":"Camille C Johnson, Ethan Ruh, Naomi Frankston, Shaquille Charles, Michael McClincy, William Anderst","doi":"10.1115/1.4066466","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4066466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to identify side-to-side and sex-based differences in hip kinematics during a unilateral step-up from deep flexion. Twelve (eight men, four women) asymptomatic young adults performed a step ascent motion while synchronized biplane radiographs of the hip were collected at 50 images per second. Femur and pelvis position were determined using a validated volumetric model-based tracking technique that matched digitally reconstructed radiographs created from subject-specific computed tomography (CT) bone models to each pair of synchronized radiographs. Hip kinematics and side-to-side differences were calculated and a linear mixed effects model evaluated sex-based differences. Women were on average 10.2 deg more abducted and 0.2 mm more medially translated than men across the step up motion (p < 0.001). Asymmetry between hips was up to 14.1 ± 12.1 deg in internal rotation and 1.3 ± 1.4 mm in translation. This dataset demonstrates the inherent asymmetry during movements involving unilateral hip extension from deep flexion and may be used provide context for observed kinematics differences following surgery or rehabilitation. Previously reported kinematic differences between total hip arthroplasty and contralateral hips may be well within the natural side-to-side differences that exist in asymptomatic native hips.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Variation in Sagittal Curvature of the Femoral Condyles.","authors":"Eden Winslow, Xuanbei Pan, Maury L Hull","doi":"10.1115/1.4065813","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In designing femoral components, which restore native (i.e., healthy) knee kinematics, the flexion-extension (F-E) axis of the tibiofemoral joint should match that of the native knee. Because the F-E axis is governed by the curvature of the femoral condyles in the sagittal plane, the primary objective was to determine the variation in radii of curvature. Eleven high accuracy three-dimensional (3D) femur models were generated from ultrahigh resolution CT scans. The sagittal profile of each condyle was created. The radii of curvature at 15 deg increments of arc length were determined based on segment circles best-fit to ±15 deg of arc at each increment. Results were standardized to the radius of the best-fit overall circle to 15 deg-105 deg for the femoral condyle having a radius closest to the mean radius. Medial and lateral femoral condyles exhibited multiradius of curvature sagittal profiles where the radius decreased at 30 deg flexion by 10 mm and at 15 deg flexion by 8 mm, respectively. On either side of the decrease, radii of segment circles were relatively constant. Beyond the transition angles where the radii decreased, the anterior-posterior (A-P) positions of the centers of curvature varied 4.8 mm and 2.3 mm for the medial and lateral condyles, respectively. A two-radius of curvature profile approximates the radii of curvature of both native femoral condyles, but the transition angles differ with the transition angle of the medial femoral condyle occurring about 15 deg later in flexion. Owing to variation in A-P positions of centers of curvature, the F-E axis is not strictly fixed in the femur.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional-Digital Image Correlation Methodology for Kinematic Measurements of Non-Penetrating Blunt Impacts.","authors":"Joseph LeSueur, Jared Koser, Narayan Yoganandan, Frank A Pintar","doi":"10.1115/1.4065734","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blunt force trauma remains a serious threat to many populations and is commonly seen in motor vehicle crashes, sports, and military environments. Effective design of helmets and protective armor should consider biomechanical tolerances of organs in which they intend to protect and require accurate measurements of deformation as a primary injury metric during impact. To overcome challenges found in velocity and displacement measurements during blunt impact using an integrated accelerometer and two-dimensional (2D) high-speed video, three-dimensional (3D) digital image correlation (DIC) measurements were taken and compared to the accepted techniques. A semispherical impactor was launched at impact velocities from 14 to 20 m/s into synthetic ballistic gelatin to simulate blunt impacts observed in behind armor blunt trauma (BABT), falls, and sports impacts. Repeated measures Analysis of Variance resulted in no significant differences in maximum displacement (p = 0.10), time of maximum displacement (p = 0.21), impact velocity (p = 0.13), and rebound velocity (p = 0.21) between methods. The 3D-DIC measurements demonstrated equal or improved percent difference and low root-mean-square deviation compared to the accepted measurement techniques. Therefore, 3D-DIC may be utilized in BABT and other blunt impact applications for accurate 3D kinematic measurements, especially when an accelerometer or 2D lateral camera analysis is impractical or susceptible to error.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Examination of Methods to Determine Tibiofemoral Kinematics and Tibial Contact Kinematics Based on Analysis of Fluoroscopic Images.","authors":"Maury L Hull","doi":"10.1115/1.4065878","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Goals of knee replacement surgery are to restore function and maximize implant longevity. To determine how well these goals are satisfied, tibial femoral kinematics and tibial contact kinematics are of interest. Tibiofemoral kinematics, which characterize function, is movement between the tibia and femur whereas tibial contact kinematics, which is relevant to implant wear, is movement of the location of contact by the femoral implant on the tibial articular surface. The purposes of this review article are to describe and critique relevant methods to guide correct implementation. For tibiofemoral kinematics, methods are categorized as those which determine (1) relative planar motions and (2) relative three-dimensional (3D) motions. Planar motions are determined by first finding anterior-posterior (A-P) positions of each femoral condyle relative to the tibia and tracking these positions during flexion. Of the lowest point (LP) and flexion facet center (FFC) methods, which are common, the lowest point method is preferred and the reasoning is explained. 3D motions are determined using the joint coordinate system (JCS) of Grood and Suntay. Previous applications of this JCS have resulted in motions which are largely in error due to \"kinematic crosstalk.\" Requirements for minimizing kinematic crosstalk are outlined followed by an example, which demonstrates the method for identifying a JCS that minimizes kinematic crosstalk. Although kinematic crosstalk can be minimized, the need for a JCS to determine 3D motions is questionable based on anatomical constraints, which limit varus-valgus rotation and compression-distraction translation. Methods for analyzing tibial contact kinematics are summarized and validation of methods discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Toe-Off and Initial Contact in Real-Time With Self-Adapting Thresholds.","authors":"Sofya M Akhetova, Rebecca Roembke, Peter Adamczyk","doi":"10.1115/1.4065842","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research introduces an adaptive control algorithm designed to determine gait phase in real-time using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) affixed to the shank. Focusing on detecting specific gait events, primarily initial contact (IC) and toe-off (TO), the algorithm utilizes dynamic thresholds and ratios that facilitate accurate event determination adaptively across a range of walking speeds. Built-in safety checks further ensure precision and minimize false detections. We validated the algorithm with eight participants walking at varying speeds. The algorithm demonstrated promising results in detecting IC and TO events with mean lead of 8.95 ms and 4.42 ms and detection success rate of 100% and 99.72%, respectively. These results are consistent with benchmarks from established algorithms (Hanlon and Anderson, 2009, \"Real-Time Gait Event Detection Using Wearable Sensors,\" Gait Posture, 30(4), pp. 523-527; Maqbool et al., 2017, \"A Real-Time Gait Event Detection for Lower Limb Prosthesis Control and Evaluation,\" IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.: Publ. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc., 25(9), pp. 1500-1509). Moreover, the algorithm's self-adaptive nature ensures it can be used in scenarios of varying movement, offering a promising solution for real-time gait phase detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Time-Dependent Adenosine Triphosphate Consumption Caused by Neuron Firing on Adenosine Triphosphate Concentrations in Synaptic Boutons Containing and Lacking a Stationary Mitochondrion.","authors":"Andrey V Kuznetsov","doi":"10.1115/1.4065743","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The precise mechanism behind the supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to approximately half of the presynaptic release sites in axons that lack a stationary mitochondrion is not fully understood. This paper presents a mathematical model designed to simulate the transient ATP concentration in presynaptic en passant boutons. The model is utilized to investigate how the ATP concentration responds to increased ATP demand during neuronal firing in boutons with a stationary mitochondrion and those without one. The analysis suggests that neuron firing may cause oscillations in the ATP concentrations, with peak-to-peak amplitudes ranging from 0.06% to 5% of their average values. However, this does not deplete boutons lacking a mitochondrion of ATP; for physiologically relevant values of model parameters, their concentration remains approximately 3.75 times higher than the minimum concentration required for synaptic activity. The variance in average ATP concentrations between boutons containing a stationary mitochondrion and those lacking one ranges from 0.3% to 0.8%, contingent on the distance between the boutons. The model indicates that diffusion-driven ATP transport is rapid enough to adequately supply ATP molecules to boutons lacking a stationary mitochondrion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual Strain and Joint Pressurization Maintain Collagen Tension for On-Joint Lumbar Facet Capsular Ligaments.","authors":"Elizabeth Gacek, Arin M Ellingson, Victor H Barocas","doi":"10.1115/1.4066091","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4066091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modeling the lumbar facet capsular ligament's (FCL) mechanical behavior under various physiological motions has often been a challenge due to limited knowledge about the on-joint in situ ligament state arising from attachment to the bone or other internal loads. Building on prior work, this study presents an enhanced computational model of the lumbar facet capsular ligament by incorporating residual strain and joint pressurization strain, factors neglected in prior models. Further, the model can predict strain and stress distribution across the ligament under various spinal motions, highlighting the influence of the ligament's attachment to the bone, internal synovial fluid pressurization, and distribution of collagen fiber alignment on the overall mechanical response of the ligament. Joint space inflation was found to influence the total observed stress and strain fields, both at rest and during motion. A significant portion of the ligament was found to be in tension, even in the absence of external load. Additionally, the model's ability to account for residual strain offers a more realistic portrayal of the collagen fibers and elastin matrix's role in ligament mechanics. We conclude that (1) computational models of the lumbar facet capsular ligament should not assume that the ligament is unloaded when the joint is in its neutral position, and (2) the ligament is nearly always in tension, which may be important in terms of its long-term growth and remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mathematical Model for Postimplant Collagen Remodeling in an Autologous Engineered Pulmonary Arterial Conduit.","authors":"Michael S Sacks","doi":"10.1115/1.4065903","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was undertaken to develop a mathematical model of the long-term in vivo remodeling processes in postimplanted pulmonary artery (PA) conduits. Experimental results from two extant ovine in vivo studies, wherein polyglycolic-acid (PGA)/poly-L-lactic acid tubular conduits were constructed, cell seeded, incubated for 4 weeks, and then implanted in mature sheep to obtain the remodeling data for up to two years. Explanted conduit analysis included detailed novel structural and mechanical studies. Results in both studies indicated that the in vivo conduits remained dimensionally stable up to 80 weeks, so that the conduits maintained a constant in vivo stress and deformation state. In contrast, continued remodeling of the constituent collagen fiber network as evidenced by an increase in effective tissue uniaxial tangent modulus, which then stabilized by one year postimplant. A mesostructural constitute model was then applied to extant planar biaxial mechanical data and revealed several interesting features, including an initial pronounced increase in effective collagen fiber modulus, paralleled by a simultaneous shift toward longer, more uniformly length-distributed collagen fibers. Thus, while the conduit remained dimensionally stable, its internal collagen fibrous structure and resultant mechanical behaviors underwent continued remodeling that stabilized by one year. A time-evolving structural mixture-based mathematical model specialized for this unique form of tissue remodeling was developed, with a focus on time-evolving collagen fiber stiffness as the driver for tissue-level remodeling. The remodeling model was able to fully reproduce (1) the observed tissue-level increases in stiffness by time-evolving simultaneous increases in collagen fiber modulus and lengths, (2) maintenance of the constant collagen fiber angular dispersion, and (3) stabilization of the remodeling processes at one year. Collagen fiber remodeling geometry was directly verified experimentally by histological analysis of the time-evolving collagen fiber crimp, which matches model predictions very closely. Interestingly, the remodeling model indicated that the basis for tissue homeostasis was maintenance of the collagen fiber ensemble stress for all orientations, and not individual collagen fiber stresses. Unlike other growth and remodeling models that traditionally treat changes in the external boundary conditions (e.g., changes in blood pressure) as the primary input stimuli, the driver herein is changes to the internal constituent collagen fiber themselves due to cellular mediated cross-linking.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Implant Positioning Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Predictive Dynamic Simulation.","authors":"Behzad Danaei, John McPhee","doi":"10.1115/1.4065879","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4065879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, a novel method is proposed for the determination of the optimal subject-specific placement of knee implants based on predictive dynamic simulations of human movement following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Two knee implant models are introduced. The first model is a comprehensive 12-degree-of-freedom (DoF) representation that incorporates volumetric contact between femoral and tibial implants, as well as patellofemoral contact. The second model employs a single-degree-of-freedom equivalent kinematic (SEK) approach for the knee joint. A cosimulation framework is proposed to leverage both knee models in our simulations. The knee model is calibrated and validated using patient-specific data, including knee kinematics and ground reaction forces. Additionally, quantitative indices are introduced to evaluate the optimality of implant positioning based on three criteria: balancing medial and lateral load distributions, ligament balancing, and varus/valgus alignment. The knee implant placement is optimized by minimizing the deviation of the indices from their user-defined desired values during predicted sit-to-stand motion. The method presented in this paper has the potential to enhance the results of knee arthroplasty and serve as a valuable instrument for surgeons when planning and performing this procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}