Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme最新文献_第10页

Validation of a Low-Cost Portable Device for Inducing Noninvasive Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Mice. 一种低成本便携式装置用于诱导小鼠无创性前交叉韧带损伤的验证。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062904

Elias H Jbeily, Yu-Yang Lin, Seif B Elmankabadi, Benjamin Osipov, Ron K June, Blaine A Christiansen

{"title":"Validation of a Low-Cost Portable Device for Inducing Noninvasive Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Mice.","authors":"Elias H Jbeily, Yu-Yang Lin, Seif B Elmankabadi, Benjamin Osipov, Ron K June, Blaine A Christiansen","doi":"10.1115/1.4062904","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062904","url":null,"abstract":"Noninvasive compression-induced anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACL-R) is an easy and reproducible model for studying post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in mice. However, equipment typically used for ACL-R is expensive, immobile, and not available to all researchers. In this study, we compared PTOA progression in mice injured with a low-cost custom ACL-rupture device (CARD) to mice injured with a standard system (ElectroForce 3200). We quantified anterior-posterior (AP) joint laxity immediately following injury, epiphyseal trabecular bone microstructure, and osteophyte volume at 2 and 6 weeks post injury using micro-computed tomography, and osteoarthritis progression and synovitis at 2 and 6 weeks post injury using whole-joint histology. We observed no significant differences in outcomes in mice injured with the CARD system compared to mice injured with the Electroforce (ELF) system. However, AP joint laxity data and week 2 micro-CT and histology outcomes suggested that injuries may have been slightly more severe and PTOA progressed slightly faster in mice injured with the CARD system compared to the ELF system. Altogether, these data confirm that ACL-R can be successfully and reproducibly performed with the CARD system and that osteoarthritis (OA) progression is mostly comparable to that of mice injured with the ELF system, though potentially slightly faster. The CARD system is low cost and portable, and we are making the plans and instructions freely available to all interested investigators in the hopes that they will find this system useful for their studies of OA in mice.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10777735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Direction and Frequency of Skull Motion on Mechanical Vulnerability of the Human Brain. 颅骨运动方向和频率对人脑机械易损性的影响。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062937

Ruth J Okamoto, Jordan D Escarcega, Ahmed Alshareef, Aaron Carass, Jerry L Prince, Curtis L Johnson, Philip V Bayly

{"title":"Effect of Direction and Frequency of Skull Motion on Mechanical Vulnerability of the Human Brain.","authors":"Ruth J Okamoto, Jordan D Escarcega, Ahmed Alshareef, Aaron Carass, Jerry L Prince, Curtis L Johnson, Philip V Bayly","doi":"10.1115/1.4062937","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062937","url":null,"abstract":"Strain energy and kinetic energy in the human brain were estimated by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) during harmonic excitation of the head, and compared to characterize the effect of loading direction and frequency on brain deformation. In brain MRE, shear waves are induced by external vibration of the skull and imaged by a modified MR imaging sequence; the resulting harmonic displacement fields are typically \"inverted\" to estimate mechanical properties, like stiffness or damping. However, measurements of tissue motion from MRE also illuminate key features of the response of the brain to skull loading. In this study, harmonic excitation was applied in two different directions and at five different frequencies from 20 to 90 Hz. Lateral loading induced primarily left-right head motion and rotation in the axial plane; occipital loading induced anterior-posterior head motion and rotation in the sagittal plane. The ratio of strain energy to kinetic energy (SE/KE) depended strongly on both direction and frequency. The ratio of SE/KE was approximately four times larger for lateral excitation than for occipital excitation and was largest at the lowest excitation frequencies studied. These results are consistent with clinical observations that suggest lateral impacts are more likely to cause injury than occipital or frontal impacts, and also with observations that the brain has low-frequency (∼10 Hz) natural modes of oscillation. The SE/KE ratio from brain MRE is potentially a simple and powerful dimensionless metric of brain vulnerability to deformation and injury.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9958140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulating Subject-Specific Aortic Hemodynamic Effects of Valvular Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease. 风湿性心脏病患者瓣膜病变的主动脉血流动力学模拟

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063000

Hannah L Cebull, Olukayode O Aremu, Radhika S Kulkarni, Samuel X Zhang, Petronella Samuels, Stephen Jermy, Ntobeko A B Ntusi, Craig J Goergen

{"title":"Simulating Subject-Specific Aortic Hemodynamic Effects of Valvular Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease.","authors":"Hannah L Cebull, Olukayode O Aremu, Radhika S Kulkarni, Samuel X Zhang, Petronella Samuels, Stephen Jermy, Ntobeko A B Ntusi, Craig J Goergen","doi":"10.1115/1.4063000","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4063000","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a neglected tropical disease despite the substantial global health burden. In this study, we aimed to develop a lower cost method of modeling aortic blood flow using subject-specific velocity profiles, aiding our understanding of RHD's consequences on the structure and function of the ascending aorta. Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) are often used for diagnosis, including valve dysfunction assessments. However, there is a need to further characterize aortic valve lesions to improve treatment options and timing for patients, while using accessible and affordable imaging strategies. Here, we simulated effects of RHD aortic valve lesions on the aorta using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). We hypothesized that inlet velocity distribution and wall shear stress (WSS) will differ between RHD and non-RHD individuals, as well as between subject-specific and standard Womersley velocity profiles. Phase-contrast CMR data from South Africa of six RHD subjects with aortic stenosis and/or regurgitation and six matched controls were used to estimate subject-specific velocity inlet profiles and the mean velocity for Womersley profiles. Our findings were twofold. First, we found WSS in subject-specific RHD was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than control subject simulations, while Womersley simulation groups did not differ. Second, evaluating spatial velocity differences (ΔSV) between simulation types revealed that simulations of RHD had significantly higher ΔSV than non-RHD (p < 0.05), these results highlight the need for implementing subject-specific input into RHD CFD, which we demonstrate how to accomplish through accessible methods.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10405283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational Fluid Dynamics Turbulence Model and Experimental Study for a Fontan Cavopulmonary Assist Device. Fontan Cavopulonary辅助装置的计算流体动力学湍流模型和实验研究。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063088

Shreyas Sarfare, Md Shujan Ali, Alan Palazzolo, Mark Rodefeld, Tim Conover, Richard Figliola, Guruprasad Giridharan, Richard Wampler, Edward Bennett, Artem Ivashchenko

{"title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics Turbulence Model and Experimental Study for a Fontan Cavopulmonary Assist Device.","authors":"Shreyas Sarfare, Md Shujan Ali, Alan Palazzolo, Mark Rodefeld, Tim Conover, Richard Figliola, Guruprasad Giridharan, Richard Wampler, Edward Bennett, Artem Ivashchenko","doi":"10.1115/1.4063088","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4063088","url":null,"abstract":"Head-flow HQ curves for a Fontan cavopulmonary assist device (CPAD) were measured using a blood surrogate in a mock circulatory loop and simulated with various computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. The tests benchmarked the CFD tools for further enhancement of the CPAD design. Recommended Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) CFD approaches for the development of conventional ventricular assist devices (VAD) were found to have shortcomings when applied to the Fontan CPAD, which is designed to neutralize off-condition obstruction risks that could contribute to a major adverse event. The no-obstruction condition is achieved with a von Karman pump, utilizing large clearances and small blade heights, which challenge conventional VAD RANS-based CFD hemodynamic simulations. High-fidelity large eddy simulation (LES) is always recommended; however, this may be cost-inhibitive for optimization studies in commercial settings, thus the reliance on RANS models. This study compares head and power predictions of various RANS turbulence models, employing experimental measurements and LES results as a basis for comparison. The models include standard k-ϵ, re-normalization group k-ϵ, realizable k-ϵ, shear stress transport (SST) k-ω, SST with transitional turbulence, and Generalized k-ω. For the pressure head predictions, it was observed that the standard k-ϵ model provided far better agreement with experiment. For the rotor torque, k-ϵ predictions were 30% lower than LES, while the SST and LES torque values were near identical. For the Fontan CPAD, the findings support using LES for the final design simulations, k-ϵ model for head and general flow simulation, and SST for power, shear stress, hemolysis, and thrombogenicity predictions.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10777498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10169594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Benchtop Models of Patient-Specific Intraventricular Flow During Heart Failure and LVAD Support. 心力衰竭和LVAD支持期间患者特异性心室内血流的台式模型。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063147

Vi Vu, Lorenzo Rossini, Juan C Del Alamo, Walter Dembitsky, Richard A Gray, Karen May-Newman

{"title":"Benchtop Models of Patient-Specific Intraventricular Flow During Heart Failure and LVAD Support.","authors":"Vi Vu, Lorenzo Rossini, Juan C Del Alamo, Walter Dembitsky, Richard A Gray, Karen May-Newman","doi":"10.1115/1.4063147","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4063147","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of intraventricular flow is critical to evaluate the efficiency of fluid transport and potential thromboembolic risk but challenging to measure directly in advanced heart failure (HF) patients with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. The study aims to validate an in-house mock loop (ML) by simulating specific conditions of HF patients with normal and prosthetic mitral valves (MV) and LVAD patients with small and dilated left ventricle volumes, then comparing the flow-related indices result of vortex parameters, residence time (RT), and shear-activation potential (SAP). Patient-specific inputs for the ML studies included heart rate, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, ejection fraction, aortic pressure, E/A ratio, and LVAD speed. The ML effectively replicated vortex development and circulation patterns, as well as RT, particularly for HF patient cases. The LVAD velocity fields reflected altered flow paths, in which all or most incoming blood formed a dominant stream directing flow straight from the mitral valve to the apex. RT estimation of patient and ML compared well for all conditions, but SAP was substantially higher in the LVAD cases of the ML. The benchtop system generated comparable and reproducible hemodynamics and fluid dynamics for patient-specific conditions, validating its reliability and clinical relevance. This study demonstrated that ML is a suitable platform to investigate the fluid dynamics of HF and LVAD patients and can be utilized to investigate heart-implant interactions.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10777504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10166813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Pulsatility and Inflow Waveforms on Tracheal Airflow Dynamics in Healthy Older Adults. 脉动和流入波形对健康老年人气管气流动力学的影响。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062851

Bipin Tiwari, Abdullah Y Usmani, Sandeep Bodduluri, Surya P Bhatt, Vrishank Raghav

{"title":"Influence of Pulsatility and Inflow Waveforms on Tracheal Airflow Dynamics in Healthy Older Adults.","authors":"Bipin Tiwari, Abdullah Y Usmani, Sandeep Bodduluri, Surya P Bhatt, Vrishank Raghav","doi":"10.1115/1.4062851","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062851","url":null,"abstract":"Tracheal collapsibility is a dynamic process altering local airflow dynamics. Patient-specific simulation is a powerful technique to explore the physiological and pathological characteristics of human airways. One of the key considerations in implementing airway computations is choosing the right inlet boundary conditions that can act as a surrogate model for understanding realistic airflow simulations. To this end, we numerically examine airflow patterns under the influence of different profiles, i.e., flat, parabolic, and Womersley, and compare these with a realistic inlet obtained from experiments. Simulations are performed in ten patient-specific cases with normal and rapid breathing rates during the inhalation phase of the respiration cycle. At normal breathing, velocity and vorticity contours reveal primary flow structures on the sagittal plane that impart strength to cross-plane vortices. Rapid breathing, however, encounters small recirculation zones. Quantitative flow metrics are evaluated using time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI). Overall, the flow metrics encountered in a real velocity profile are in close agreement with parabolic and Womersley profiles for normal conditions, however, the Womersley inlet alone conforms to a realistic profile under rapid breathing conditions.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10405280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10314882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance Optimization of a Microfluidic Virus Detection Cartridge: A Numerical and Experimental Study. 微流控病毒检测盒性能优化:数值与实验研究。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062850

Enes Burak Şenel, Bilal Kizilelma, Enes Tamdoğan, Mustafa Yorulmaz

{"title":"Performance Optimization of a Microfluidic Virus Detection Cartridge: A Numerical and Experimental Study.","authors":"Enes Burak Şenel, Bilal Kizilelma, Enes Tamdoğan, Mustafa Yorulmaz","doi":"10.1115/1.4062850","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062850","url":null,"abstract":"Detection and imaging of viruses in a complex solution is particularly significant for virology and requires a comprehensive understanding of biosensors. While lab-on-a-chip systems are used in virus detection as biosensors, analysis and optimization of these systems are especially challenging due to the size of the system to be used in the certain application. The system of interest for virus detection is required to be cost efficient and is also needed to be able to easily operable with a simple setup. Moreover, the detailed analysis of these microfluidic systems should be made with precision in order to predict the capabilities and the efficiency of the system accurately. This paper reports on the use of a common commercial computational fluid dynamics (cfd) software for the analysis of a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip virus detection cartridge. This study evaluates the problems commonly encountered during microfluidic applications of cfd softwares particularly in the area of reaction modeling of the antigen-antibody interaction. cfd analysis is later validated and combined with experiments to optimize the amount of dilute solution used in the tests. Thereafter, the geometry of the microchannel is also optimized and optimal test conditions are set for a cost efficient and effective virus detection kit using light microscopy.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9803581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Computational Model of Ventricular Dimensions and Hemodynamics in Growing Infants. 生长中的婴儿心室尺寸和血流动力学的计算模型。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062779

Ashley A Hiebing, Riley G Pieper, Colleen M Witzenburg

{"title":"A Computational Model of Ventricular Dimensions and Hemodynamics in Growing Infants.","authors":"Ashley A Hiebing, Riley G Pieper, Colleen M Witzenburg","doi":"10.1115/1.4062779","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062779","url":null,"abstract":"Previous computer models have successfully predicted cardiac growth and remodeling in adults with pathologies. However, applying these models to infants is complicated by the fact that they also undergo normal, somatic cardiac growth and remodeling. Therefore, we designed a computational model to predict ventricular dimensions and hemodynamics in healthy, growing infants by modifying an adult canine left ventricular growth model. The heart chambers were modeled as time-varying elastances coupled to a circuit model of the circulation. Circulation parameters were allometrically scaled and adjusted for maturation to simulate birth through 3 yrs of age. Ventricular growth was driven by perturbations in myocyte strain. The model successfully matched clinical measurements of pressures, ventricular and atrial volumes, and ventricular thicknesses within two standard deviations of multiple infant studies. To test the model, we input 10th and 90th percentile infant weights. Predicted volumes and thicknesses decreased and increased within normal ranges and pressures were unchanged. When we simulated coarctation of the aorta, systemic blood pressure, left ventricular thickness, and left ventricular volume all increased, following trends in clinical data. Our model enables a greater understanding of somatic and pathological growth in infants with congenital heart defects. Its flexibility and computational efficiency when compared to models employing more complex geometries allow for rapid analysis of pathological mechanisms affecting cardiac growth and hemodynamics.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9801226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Off-Axis Loading Fixture for Spine Biomechanics: Combined Compression and Bending. 脊柱生物力学离轴加载夹具：压缩和弯曲组合。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062780

Axel C Moore, Dione A Holder, Dawn M Elliott

{"title":"Off-Axis Loading Fixture for Spine Biomechanics: Combined Compression and Bending.","authors":"Axel C Moore, Dione A Holder, Dawn M Elliott","doi":"10.1115/1.4062780","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062780","url":null,"abstract":"The spine is a multi-tissue musculoskeletal system that supports large multi-axial loads and motions during physiological activities. The healthy and pathological biomechanical function of the spine and its subtissues are generally studied using cadaveric specimens that often require multi-axis biomechanical test systems to mimic the complex loading environment of the spine. Unfortunately, an off-the-shelf device can easily exceed 200,000 USD, while a custom device requires extensive time and experience in mechatronics. Our goal was to develop a cost-appropriate compression and bending (flexion-extension and lateral bending) spine testing system that requires little time and minimal technical knowledge. Our solution was an off-axis loading fixture (OLaF) that mounts to an existing uni-axial test frame and requires no additional actuators. OLaF requires little machining, with most components purchased off-the-shelf, and costs less than 10,000 USD. The only external transducer required is a six-axis load cell. Furthermore, OLaF is controlled using the existing uni-axial test frame's software, while the load data is collected using the software included with the six-axis load cell. Here we provide the design rationale for how OLaF develops primary motions and loads and minimizes off-axis secondary constraints, verify the primary kinematics using motion capture, and demonstrate that the system is capable of applying physiologically relevant, noninjurious, axial compression and bending. While OLaF is limited to compression and bending studies it produces repeatable physiologically relevant biomechanics, with high quality data, and minimal startup costs.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10405279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Numerical Investigation of Rider Injury Risks During Falls Caused by E-Scooter-Stopper Impacts. 电动滑板车制动踏板撞击造成的跌倒伤害风险的数值研究。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1115/1.4062847

Rafael Chontos, Daniel Grindle, Alexandrina Untaroiu, Zachary Doerzaph, Costin Untaroiu

{"title":"A Numerical Investigation of Rider Injury Risks During Falls Caused by E-Scooter-Stopper Impacts.","authors":"Rafael Chontos, Daniel Grindle, Alexandrina Untaroiu, Zachary Doerzaph, Costin Untaroiu","doi":"10.1115/1.4062847","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4062847","url":null,"abstract":"Within the past decade, injuries caused by electric scooter (e-scooter) crashes have significantly increased. A primary cause is front wheel collisions with a vertical surface such as a curb or object, generically referred to as a \"stopper.\" In this study, various e-scooter-stopper crashes were simulated numerically across different impact speeds, approach angles, and stopper heights to characterize the influence of crash type on rider injury risk during falls. A finite element (FE) model of a standing Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device was used as the rider model after being calibrated against certification test data. Additionally, an FE model of an e-scooter was developed based on reconstructed scooter geometry. Forty-five FE simulations were run to investigate various e-scooter crash scenarios. Test parameters included impact speed (from 3.2 m/s to 11.16 m/s), approach angle (30 deg to 90 deg), and stopper height (52 mm, 101 mm, and 152 mm). Additionally, the perpendicular (90 deg) impact scenarios were run twice: once with Hybrid-III arm activation to mimic a rider attempting to break a fall with their hands and once without this condition. Overall, the risks of serious injury to the rider varied greatly; however, roughly half the impact scenarios indicated serious risk to the rider. This was expected, as the speeds tested were in the upper 25th percentile of reported scooter speeds. The angle of approach was found to have the greatest effect on injury risk to the rider, and was shown to be positively correlated with injury risk. Smaller approach angles were shown to cause the rider to land on their side, while larger approach angles caused the rider to land on their head and chest. Additionally, arm bracing was shown to reduce the risk of serious injury in two thirds of the impact scenarios.","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9801239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0