Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

{"title":"Combining spatial clustering and spatial regression models to understand distributional inequities in access to urban green spaces","authors":"Bruno Vargas Adorno ,&nbsp;Rafael H.M. Pereira ,&nbsp;Silvana Amaral","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proximity to urban green spaces offers numerous benefits, sparking increased research and policy interest in equitable access for different population groups. While spatial analyses evaluate access to urban green space, previous studies overlook fine-grained spatial disparities, needed for targeted urban planning. Spatial clustering models (Local Indicators of Spatial Association – LISA) group values significantly higher and lower than the average in the geographic space. In turn, spatial regression (Geographically Wheigted Regression – GWR) reveals the strength and direction of the correlation between variables across space. Here, we investigate whether and how the combination of both types of models helps examine distributional green equity. We show how combining LISA and GWR gives a more nuanced understanding of distributional green equity. We apply this approach to Goiânia, Brazil, with an empirical analysis of access to three categories of green spaces: tree cover, herb-shrub, and public green spaces. Using open-source methods and tools, we examine variations in accessibility for black people, women, and people of different age, literacy, and income groups. We used a new accessibility metric accounting for the size/area of green spaces, walking times and competition for accessing green spaces. The analyses revealed access disparities by population group and green space category identifying specific regions in the city and population groups with consistently limited access to urban green spaces, guiding planners with refined information to prioritize green space interventions where they are most likely needed. This method enables targeted, equitable urban planning that fosters inclusive access to green spaces for diverse communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105297"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution to what? Global assessment of nature-based solutions, urban challenges, and outcomes","authors":"Meng Li,&nbsp;Roy P. Remme,&nbsp;Peter M. van Bodegom,&nbsp;Alexander P.E. van Oudenhoven","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to multiple societal challenges faced in cities, nature-based solutions (NbS) are gaining prominence as means to support sustainable and resilient urban planning. However, NbS are being implemented in cities around the globe without comprehensive evidence on their effectiveness in addressing urban challenges. Based on a systematic mapping methodology, we synthesized 547 empirical cases of NbS in 197 cities globally, yielding 799 outcomes encompassing biodiversity, health well-being, and regulating ecosystem services. To structure this evidence we developed an urban NbS classification and categories of urban challenges and outcomes. Effectiveness of NbS was assessed through synthesizing which urban challenges are addressed by NbS, which outcomes are generated, and how these outcomes perform compared to alternative solutions. Our analysis suggests that specific urban challenges were mostly linked to closely related outcomes, but rarely to multiple outcomes. Specifically, forests &amp; trees and general parks were commonly used to enhance health and well-being, while grassland and gardens were applied to mitigate biodiversity loss. Furthermore, urban NbS generally yielded positive effects compared to non-NbS, particularly in relation to microclimate mitigation and mental health outcomes. However, we note a scarcity of evidence on multifunctional NbS, especially on studies that report multiple outcomes related to biodiversity and well-being simultaneously. Our study provides a foundation for further understanding NbS effectiveness and can inform urban planners and policymakers with measurable evidenced-based targets for the application of NbS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105294"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of homeowner associations’ pro-environmental codes, covenants, and restrictions on member yards","authors":"Madeline F. Carr ,&nbsp;Daniel Boyd Kramer ,&nbsp;David Drake","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Homeowner’s associations (HOAs) use their codes covenants, and restrictions (CCRs) to regulate yard composition. A small but growing number of HOAs include clauses in their CCRs with pro-environmental aims. This study assessed the effect of native plant requirement and lawn restriction pro-environmental clauses (PECs) on yard composition. Using front yard surveys, we found a greater mean percent cover of native species in PEC yards (29.51%) compared to non-PEC yards (6.94%) and less mean percent lawn cover in PEC yards (38.44%) than non-PEC yards (68.04%). While these results suggest that PECs are an opportunity for enhancing conservation behaviors of homeowners, we recommend further studies explore the language of PECs, homeowner knowledge of native plants and sustainable landscaping practices, and developer or HOA roles in supporting homeowners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105295"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferring Local over Non-Local Parks? Green Space Visit Patterns by Urban Residents in Desert Cities, Arizona","authors":"Jieun Kim,&nbsp;Youngjae Won,&nbsp;Yushim Kim,&nbsp;Elizabeth Corley","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates whether residents in urban neighborhoods use nearby green spaces more frequently than distant ones. Using mobile phone tracking data from 2019, we analyzed visitation patterns to green spaces within walking distance of residence (i.e., local parks) in the Phoenix-Mesa urbanized area, Arizona, USA. Key findings include: (1) about 40% of neighborhoods with available local parks did not prioritize local park use, (2) both accessibility measures and neighborhood social composition were significantly associated with frequent local park use by residents, and (3) the association between the percentage of Hispanic residents and local park use varied non-linearly based on access to local parks (proximity and average size). We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for urban green space planning and equity considerations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105292"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban heat mitigation through misting, and its role in broader blue infrastructure portfolios","authors":"Xinjie Huang ,&nbsp;Elie Bou-Zeid ,&nbsp;Jennifer K. Vanos ,&nbsp;Ariane Middel ,&nbsp;Prathap Ramamurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaporative misters have long been used in urban spaces for heat mitigation, yet their thermal stress impacts and optimal operating conditions have not been fully explored. To fill this gap, we develop a misting model and embed it into an urban canopy model for the first time. Our tests confirm that misters can considerably reduce maximum urban canyon air temperature (up to 17.5 °C) and human skin temperature (up to 0.48 °C) in a hot and dry city (Phoenix, AZ). They continue to effectively reduce thermal stress, albeit with half of the cooling benefits, in a hot and humid city (Houston, TX). These thermal stress impacts are contingent upon wind speeds: the optimal wind speeds generally fall within an intermediate range—from light air (with low mist flow rates) to a moderate breeze (with higher mist flow rates). We then incorporate misting into a broader comparison of blue cooling strategies, including irrigation (on vegetation) and sprinkling (on pavements). With abundant water resources, sprinkling on asphalt and misting are the most effective cooling solutions, particularly suitable for middays and late afternoons, respectively. To balance cooling benefits with limited water resources, we propose a thermostatic control scheme that can save at least 10.5 m³/day of water compared to continuous misting for a 100-m stretch of street, equivalent to the water demand of about 20 Phoenix residents. Notably, misting and sprinkling generate rapid cooling in under 10 min with sufficient flow rates, demonstrating their potential as fast activation measures during extreme heat emergencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105290"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How sensory stimuli and barrier-free environments through restorative environmental perception influence visually impaired Individuals’ satisfaction with urban parks","authors":"Minhui Lin,&nbsp;Xinyun Lin,&nbsp;Yajun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The well-being and holistic development of visually impaired individuals (VII) are fundamental requisites for constructing more inclusive cities, and they necessitate the provision of environments that are more conducive to the habitation of the VII. The restorative experiences of the VII within urban parks play a pivotal role in fostering their physical and mental health; however, this domain has received relatively little scholarly attention. Hence, this study, which is grounded in theories of restorativeness and sensory compensation, adopted Guangzhou, China, as its contextual background. It employs a mixed-methods approach that incorporates both online and offline questionnaire surveys to gather data on the perceptual experiences of 448 VII in urban parks. This study constructed a “stimulus-cognition-attitude” model to investigate the interrelationships among sensory stimuli, perceptions of a barrier-free environment, restorative environmental perception, and satisfaction.</div><div>The study’s findings validated the seven hypotheses: sensory stimuli and a barrier-free environment influence the restorative environmental perception and satisfaction among VII. Moreover, restorative environmental perception influences satisfaction while acting as a partial mediator not only between sensory stimuli and satisfaction but also between perceptions of a barrier-free environment and satisfaction. Additionally, this research introduced kinesthesia as the sixth sense, which, following touch, exerts a significant influence on the perception of VIIs. Furthermore, being away exerts the greatest influence on the perception of a restorative environment for VIIs.</div><div>Accordingly, this study provides insights for urban public sectors seeking to develop green spaces with enhanced restorative benefits and a more inclusive atmosphere, thereby contributing to evidence-based policy and design decisions that promote inclusivity and well-being for the VII within city parks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105293"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability is not enough, but visitation and usage matter: Assessing associations between natural environments and depressive and anxiety symptoms","authors":"Yuliang Lan ,&nbsp;Matthew H.E.M. Browning ,&nbsp;Marco Helbich","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Few studies have simultaneously considered nature availability and visitation frequency in nature-mental health research, with even fewer distinguished different types of green and blue spaces.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the pathways linking nature availability and visitation frequency with three mediators to depressive and anxiety symptoms, considering various green and blue space types. We also examined whether income moderated these pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A population-representative survey of 11,505 adults was conducted in the Netherlands. Respondents self-reported their depressive and anxiety symptoms, and visitation frequency to different types of green and blue spaces. Nature availability was captured based on respondents’ residential neighborhoods. We employed structural equation modelling to understand the theorized pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More frequent visits to all types of green and blue spaces, except lakes, were associated with weaker depressive symptoms through one or more mediators. Residential nature availability was only indirectly associated with depressive symptoms. Green space availability was associated with depressive symptoms through forest visits and subsequently social contact, physical activity, and stress reduction. Associations between blue space availability and depressive symptoms were serially mediated by visits to rivers or beaches and subsequently by physical activity. The results for anxiety symptoms were largely insignificant. Income moderated pathways related to blue space and sports field visits.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Merely having natural spaces in a residential neighborhood may not be sufficient to yield mental health benefits. Instead, the frequency of nature visits and the specific activities therein may play crucial roles. Planning professionals might need to prioritize promoting the visitation and usage of green and blue spaces as part of mental health promotion efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105288"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the effectiveness of street renewal design: Insights from visual preference surveys, deep-learning technology, and eye-tracking simulation software","authors":"Rong Liu ,&nbsp;Paulina Neisch","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of urban renewal projects (URPs) on the visual quality of street space (VQoS) through the evaluation of both psychological and visual perception, addressing the significant gap in empirical evidence. Analysing fifty-one URPs in densely populated Asian cities with complex urban settings, it assesses how measurable changes in spatial features such as greenness, walkability, and openness affect perceived VQoS pre- and post-renewal to identify the effective street improvements. The methodology includes capturing multi-year Google Street View images (SVIs) of selected URPs and conducting online visual preference surveys to gather data on perceived VQoS. Deep learning algorithms were used to identify key elements within the street scene. Additionally, eye-tracking emulation technology was utilized to investigate how individuals subconsciously interact with visual stimuli, aiming to determine whether variations in perceived VQoS are linked to how readily transformed street elements capture visual attention. Results indicate that VQoS improvements are predominantly associated with increased greenery, suggesting that enhanced green spaces contribute to higher visual appeal. There is also an unconscious preference for visually engaging with street elements, such as buildings and greenery, while less detailed areas, including sidewalks, driveways, and unadorned building façades, are often overlooked. Moreover, attention-catching designs of new building facades can significantly enhance VQoS. These findings suggest that urban design interventions should prioritize incorporating greenery and visually stimulating elements to create more engaging and visually appealing street spaces, thereby improving the overall visual quality of urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105291"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of imageability of architecture on brain health: A systematic literature review","authors":"Cristian A. Maestre ,&nbsp;Shana Garza ,&nbsp;Yohany Albornoz ,&nbsp;Silvia Mejia-Arango ,&nbsp;Jesus D. Melgarejo ,&nbsp;Gladys E. Maestre","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Imageability is a component of urban design and planning that has been recognized for its potential to enhance people’s perceptual and emotional engagement with their environment. Nevertheless, evidence supporting specific strategies and its mpacts on brain health is still unclear. This systematic review aimed to characterize and summarize the evidence on the importance of imageability of architecture for brain cognitive and psychological health.</div><div>This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Our keywords included imageability and architecture, environment, built environment, neuroarchitecture, aphantasia, urban design, memorability, visual recall, mental visualization, architectural features, façade, wayfinding, familiarity, vividness, cognition, expectations, green walls, biophilia, aesthetics, emotions, embodied cognition and embodiment. We searched electronic databases for studies showing the relationship among imageability, architecture, and neuroscience.</div><div>From the 5,270 identified articles, we included 56 original peer-reviewed articles. The findings suggest that environments with high imageability are correlated with better cognitive and psychological health, high emotional engagement, and enhanced social connectivity. In conclusion, studies have also highlighted that high-imageability environments enhance livability, promote wayfinding, and support physical activity. However, some gaps were identified, including the need for standardized methods to assess imageability and its impact on brain health by examining brain structures and functions with imaging studies. Imageability seems to play an important role in creating environments that promote cognitive and psychological health, physical activity and foster a sense of community belonging. Future research should focus on developing objective, replicable methods for evaluating imageability and exploring the neural paths that underlie its effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105286"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for quantifying the cooling effect of urban green spaces using remote sensing: A comparative study","authors":"Wen Zhou,&nbsp;Yiqi Yu,&nbsp;Shihan Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Xu,&nbsp;Tao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cooling effect of urban green space (UGS) and its influencing factors have been extensively studied. However, the related results are sporadic, irregular, and even contradictory, which largely prevented the application of results to practical actions. One of the main reason may be the lack of consistency in the literature regarding the method used to quantify the cooling effect of UGS. In this study, three common methods using to quantify the cooling effect of UGS including buffer averaging method, visual interpretation method and basin analogy method were verified, compared, and evaluated. This study confirmed that different quantitative methods of measuring the cooling effect of UGS can lead to considerable differences in the results. The buffer averaging method is only applicable to conditions that the shape of UGS is regular and its surrounding landscape is homogenized, otherwise the cooling effect is easily overestimated. Visual interpretation method is the most laborious but recommended method, since it has high accuracy and can describe the directionality of cooling effect of the UGS to surrounding environment. The cooling effect quantified using basin analogy method may be uniformly overestimated or underestimated with the setting of the slope threshold, but it does not affect its accurate representation of the strength order of the cooling effect among different UGSs. The results calculated by visual interpretation method and basin analogy method are credible and highly correlated. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting and unifying quantitative method of cooling effect of UGS, which also helps to parallel compare and organize the results of relevant studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105289"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}