Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating objective and perceived ecosystem service in urban context: An indirect method based on housing market","authors":"Yunqi Tang ,&nbsp;Weiye Xiao ,&nbsp;Feng Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystem service (ES) evaluation is usually based on the stocks of natural resources and their functions. However, the value of ES in the urban area depends on human activities more than the existence of natural resources. This research implements an indirect market method by integrating hedonic housing price model to assess ES in urban context from both objective (remote sensing) and subjective perspectives (street view image). Machine learning tools are employed to investigate the impacts of objective and perceived ES on housing prices based on a case study in Wuxi, China. The analytical results suggest that the contribution of ES to house prices in Wuxi ranges from 0% to 10.85%. Further investigation found that visible trees are the most important ES factor of housing price, more important than the coverage of green space. We also find that the quality of blue-green spaces might modify the value of ES, while the poor landscape design and water pollution in the central urban area made the values of ES low in the housing market. This study proves that the indirect method based on the housing market is helpful in valuing ES in the urban context. The high importance of perceived blue-green spaces in ES encourages more efforts on landscape design rather than only increasing coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105245"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘It’s not necessarily a social space’ − Institutions, power and nature’s wellbeing benefits in the context of diverse inner-city neighbourhoods","authors":"Meri Juntti ,&nbsp;Sevda Özsezer-Kurnuç ,&nbsp;Nicholas Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban nature is widely known to provide wellbeing benefits to people and communities, but evidence particularly from diverse and disadvantaged contexts suggests that these benefits are not experienced equally by all. This paper unpacks this complexity by focussing on how urban nature is interacted with to produce relational wellbeing on two diverse inner-city housing estates undergoing regeneration in London, UK. We focus on the role of both formal institutions and the perceptions that people form of spatial features and their meanings and functions, and the manner in which these intermediaries shape human-nature interactions and the co-production of nature’s wellbeing impact. Our findings from quantitative and qualitative data demonstrate that urban nature contributes to all aspects of a five-dimensional notion of wellbeing. But social housing residents’ and young peoples’ ability to experience these benefits is limited. Informal mechanisms of social control such as perceptions of ownership of space and its appropriate uses, and fear of conflict and crime limit the extent to which residents access greenspaces and the activities within them. Together with formal institutions such as tenancy types, housing targets and criteria for optimisation of site allocation, they produce hierarchies of use of public greenspaces and reinforce existing divisions between people of different demographic and socio-economic status. The findings underline the need to facilitate the establishment of shared and inclusive norms concerning access and appropriate uses of natural spaces in housing and greenspace delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air regulation service is affected by green areas cover and fragmentation: An analysis using demand, supply and flow during COVID-19 quarantine","authors":"Nataly Andrea Pimiento-Quiroga ,&nbsp;Paula Ribeiro Prist ,&nbsp;Sergio Ibarra-Espinosa ,&nbsp;Ligia Vizeu Barrozo ,&nbsp;Jean Paul Metzger","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban green areas are a potential supplier of air quality regulation service. However, research to date has mostly focused on the effects of the amount of these areas, with few studies evaluating how configuration aspects, such as spatial fragmentation, affect air quality services. Even less is known about how this service varies with decreasing pollutant emissions. Here we fill these research gaps by testing the contribution of green areas composition and configuration in reducing air pollution, before and during the COVID-19 quarantine period, in the largest city of the Global South (São Paulo, Brazil). We relied on a model selection approach using hourly concentrations of different pollutants (CO, NO₂, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀,) as response variables. As predictors, we consider meteorological variables, the amount and fragmentation of green areas (related to air quality regulation supply), the quantity of vehicle emissions (proxy of demand pressure), all this at different spatial scales (proxy of pollutant flows from emission to supply areas). Our results showed that higher tree cover and lower vehicular emissions decreased concentrations of CO, NO₂ and PM. Air quality regulation was higher in periods of low demand (start of quarantine), when compared to periods of high demand (before and the last part of quarantine). Lower levels of pollutants were associated with greater amounts of green areas at scales of up to 1,000 m from the air quality monitoring station. This indicates that the presence of green areas can have positive effects on air quality at distances of up to 1,000 m from the sites where pollutants are emitted. Our results show that to enhance air regulation services in large urban areas, it is important to maximize the amount of green areas and minimize their fragmentation, beyond the reduction of vehicular emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105230"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142551901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From land-based to people-based: Spatiotemporal cooling effects of peri-urban parks and their driving factors in China","authors":"Wenxuan Tan ,&nbsp;Meng Cai ,&nbsp;Yeran Sun ,&nbsp;Tingting Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peri-urban areas are essential for human habitation and provide significant green spaces to improve the thermal environment, especially when urban land is limited. Understanding the factors influencing the cooling intensity of <em>peri</em>-urban parks is crucial for guiding decision-making in climate-responsive urban planning and management. However, relevant studies generally focus on the short-term cooling effect of urban parks, and the effect of “people-based” socio-demographics, such as park age, have rarely been analyzed. This study focuses on a comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis of 647 national forest parks in urban peripheries across China from 2000 to 2021. It considers three categories of driving factors: park morphology, landscape patterns, and social demographic characteristics. The findings reveal that (1) In contrast to urban parks, the geometric morphology of <em>peri</em>-urban parks has limited influence on cooling intensity. (2) The landscape pattern within the park significantly affects the cooling intensity. The proportion of woodland in the park increases year by year, and the negative impact of cropland on the cooling intensity decreases from −4.788 in 2000 to −0.547 in 2021. Besides, the negative impact of impervious surfaces has increased, with the coefficient decreasing from −1.022 in 2000 to −1.877 in 2021. (3) Park age significantly promotes cooling intensity when the park is between 31 and 35 years old. (4) The increase in per capita GDP and population density are associated with diminishing cooling intensity. (5) Heterogeneous analysis results reveal variations in cooling effects among parks in different climate zones. Peri-urban parks that combine blue and green spaces exhibit a more pronounced cooling effect. These research outcomes offer valuable insights for designing, planning, and managing parks and ecosystems in China, which can enhance urban climate resilience and the well-being of urban residents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105243"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142551902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical canopy structure dominates cooling and thermal comfort of urban pocket parks during hot summer days","authors":"Si-Qi Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhao-Wu Yu ,&nbsp;Wei-Yuan Ma ,&nbsp;Xi-Han Yao ,&nbsp;Jun-Qi Xiong ,&nbsp;Wen-Juan Ma ,&nbsp;Shu-Yao Xiang ,&nbsp;Qi Yuan ,&nbsp;Ying-Ying Hao ,&nbsp;Dong-Fan Xu ,&nbsp;Ben-Yao Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In high-density urban areas, pocket parks offer significant potential to mitigate thermal discomfort. However, the specific contributions of horizontal and vertical canopy structures to pocket parks’ cooling and thermal comfort effects remain unclear. This study addresses this gap by selecting 14 typical pocket parks in Shanghai and collecting high-resolution canopy and thermal data using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Generalized additive models were applied to assess the relationships between thermal conditions and spatial variables. The cooling effects were quantified by comparing the relative differences in surface temperature (<em>T_s</em>) and air temperature (<em>T_a</em>) between the pocket parks and non-vegetated reference sites, while thermal comfort was assessed using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). The results revealed that: (1) On average, <em>T_s</em> was 3.98 °C lower, <em>T_a</em> was 1.18 °C lower, and UTCI was 3.74 °C lower in pocket parks than in non-vegetated sites. (2) A positive linear relationship was found between ΔUTCI and canopy coverage, indicating that increased canopy coverage enhances thermal comfort. (3) When considering three-dimensional (3D) metrics, mean foliage height was positively correlated with both Δ<em>T_a</em> and ΔUTCI, while foliage height diversity had a negative impact. Notably, the ΔUTCI decreased when the 3D green volume exceeded 22 m³, suggesting that parks with tall, single-layer canopies composed of multiple small trees, each with a 3D green volume below 22 m³, optimize thermal benefits in summer. This study provides critical insights into the cooling and thermal comfort effects of pocket parks, offering practical guidance for park maintenance and redesign, particularly in the context of urban heat mitigation and adaptation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105242"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142551903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of tributary upstream meander restoration on downstream landscape stability through computational modelling","authors":"Mincong Wang ,&nbsp;Joseph Claghorn ,&nbsp;Lu Zhuo","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meander restoration has become a commonly advocated solution in flood-prone or ecologically degraded river networks. The long-term impact of such measures on the stability of the landscape at the catchment scale beyond the implementation site itself is critical to project success and for sustainable catchment management and needs to be considered by all stakeholders. It is challenging, however, to predict the overall contribution of meander restoration in stabilising the lower catchment and to make reasoned assumptions about the optimal placement, scale, and interconnected benefits of restoration projects based on an analysis of real-life cases due to the complexity and uniqueness of each catchment’s hydrology and the size and cost of such projects. Meanwhile, digital models can be utilised to test a wide variety of hypothetical futures so that the potential impacts of meander restoration can be understood in advance and limited resources can be better allocated to promote effective kinds of projects. In this study, computational modelling is employed to model the impacts of various upstream meander restoration scenarios on the downstream landscape due to erosion and deposition activities in northern England’s River Don catchment. The results indicate that compared to a baseline scenario, river restoration in tributaries effectively reduces downstream main channel sediment discharge and lateral migration activities. Upstream restoration projects prevent watershed deterioration more effectively than downstream projects. Clustering projects close to one other is more effective in reducing valley lateral erosion and deposition, as well as channel loading, compared to having projects dispersed across multiple tributaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105232"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling wild nature experiences in cities: A spatial analysis of institutional and physical barriers to using wild nature areas in Vienna, Austria","authors":"Brenda Maria Zoderer,&nbsp;Christa Hainz-Renetzeder","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wild nature in cities can allow urban residents to experience and connect with nature close to their homes. Previous research has shown that wild nature areas (WNAs) can be found in various urban greenspaces, such as remnant vegetation in forests, wild corners in parks, or spontaneous vegetation on informal sites. However, little is known about their usability for urban residents and their potential to provide wild nature experiences across different urban environments. This paper examines the usability of WNAs in Vienna (Austria) through a spatial analysis of the institutional and physical barriers to use, considering barriers related to the availability, accessibility, and attractiveness of these greenspaces. A city-wide map of WNAs (n = 1298) was overlaid with spatial data on the presence of institutional and physical barriers, and complemented with a hierarchical cluster analysis to identify WNAs that share similar usability patterns. The cluster analysis confirms that WNAs vary significantly with regard to usability and that their usability is frequently constrained by the presence of multiple barriers. Furthermore, the usability of WNAs tends to be lower in high-density built-up areas, indicating that the possibilities to experience wild nature in the inner city are limited both in terms of lack of availability and relatively poor usability. We conclude that improving the usability of WNAs demands tailored and integrated approaches to urban planning and greenspace management and provide suggestions of how the usability of each identified WNA cluster can be increased.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105228"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Gini Index to quantify urban green inequality: A systematic review and recommended reporting standards","authors":"Alexander James Fricke Martin,&nbsp;Tenley M. Conway","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Access to parks, ecosystem services, and urban trees support healthy people and communities. Unfortunately, access is often unequally distributed, leading to differential outcomes. Measuring the within-city distributional equality and comparing between cities can be facilitated by the Gini Index, a measure originally developed for economic disparities. To examine its applications in urban forestry and urban greening, a systematic review was conducted across 5 databases and 10 journals. Forty-one English, peer-reviewed articles were identified that used the Gini Index to measure urban green inequality, increasing exponentially since the first urban greening-related use of the Gini Index in 2011. Most studies were from China (n = 22, 54 %) and the United States (n = 10, 24 %). A Gini Index equation was reported in 27 studies (66 %) with 10 different variations used. Lorenz curves were included in 18 papers (44 %). The Gini Index was used to assess the distribution of parks and greenspaces (n = 28, 68 %), ecosystem disservices and services (n = 8, 20 %), and trees and street greenery (n = 7, 17 %). Fifteen papers (37 %) used multiple points in time to measure changes in inequality, including modeling future inequalities under different management scenarios. The Gini Index provides a quantitative measure of distributional inequality that facilitates comparisons between cities. The application of the Gini Index can help improve global comparative analyses, but only with consistent reporting of methods and findings. We provide recommended reporting procedures for researchers using the Gini Index, including 1) report the Gini Index equation, 2) visualize the Gini Index using a Lorenz curve, and 3) report the variable inputs. Greenspace research should also clearly define the inclusion/exclusion criteria of greenspace, differentiating parks versus green cover.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 105231"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecosystem restoration along the “pattern-process-service-sustainability” path for achieving land degradation neutrality","authors":"Caichun Yin ,&nbsp;Wenwu Zhao ,&nbsp;Paulo Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystem restoration is critical in attaining land degradation neutrality (LDN) by fostering synergistic relationships between land use patterns, ecological processes, ecosystem services, and sustainable development, i.e., the “pattern-process-service-sustainability” cascading pathway. However, a comprehensive investigation examining the ecosystem restoration required to achieve LDN within the “pattern-process-service-sustainability” framework is yet to be undertaken. This study analysed the challenges associated with ecosystem restoration and proposed strategic approaches to promote restoration efforts aimed at LDN. Overall, various challenges exist encompassing trade-offs or conflicts between degradation and compensation, restoration and protection, area and structure, local and transboundary, as well as social and ecological factors. To address these challenges, potential restoration solutions for implementing LDN entail establishing restoration patterns that integrate conservation with restoration and co-manage plantations with natural ecosystems. Additionally, to foster resilient and self-regulating ecological processes, the focus is on improving ecological structure and harmonizing vegetation restoration with animal management. Enhancing overall ecosystem services requires reducing trade-offs within biophysical thresholds and compensating degraded land with equivalent quality land. Finally, integrating local livelihoods and well-being in ecosystem restoration and promoting transboundary land management are vital for fostering sustainability among social-ecological systems. This article underscores the practical significance of ecosystem restoration along the landscape pattern − ecological process − ecosystem services − sustainability continuum. The insights presented herein provide valuable support for enhancing global initiatives on ecosystem restoration, thereby facilitating the achievement of LDN and the SDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 105227"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Sprawl and Routing: A Comparative Study on 156 European Cities","authors":"Roberto Maria Rosati","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the growing challenges urban sprawl poses, it is essential to understand its influence on urban transportation, a primary source of economic, social, and environmental impact. This study fills this gap by quantifying the consequences of sprawl on transportation efficiency, proposing an interdisciplinary methodology that integrates knowledge from operations research.</div><div>Specifically, adopting a broad European perspective, we investigate how urban sprawl correlates with travel distances and optimal routes in 156 spatially heterogeneous cities across 28 European countries.</div><div>We discover a significant correlation between five sprawl indicators (Land usage, Gini coefficient, Shannon entropy, Moran I index, and Bribiesca index) and both travel distances and routes by car and bicycle: transportation is inherently less efficient in cities with higher levels of sprawl. Among the considered indicators, Shannon entropy emerges as the best predictor of route efficiency.</div><div>We offer insights into the geography of sprawl in Europe, finding that many Spanish cities stand out for their compactness and route efficiency, while hotspots of sprawl are present in many Western and Central European countries.</div><div>Our results underline the underestimated importance of addressing urban sprawl to reduce transportation’s economic, social, and environmental costs and encourage policymakers and urban planners to prioritize compact city development to foster sustainable urban growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 105205"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}