Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

{"title":"Assessing accessibility and crowding in urban green spaces: A comparative study of approaches","authors":"Barbara Czesak, Renata Różycka-Czas","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105301","url":null,"abstract":"Urban green spaces (UGS) are pivotal elements of the structure of urbanised areas, important for the well-being of the city inhabitants. Therefore, it is necessary to provide tools for determining the accessibility and crowdedness of the UGS. To this end, we assess how much space there is for potential UGS users in individual green spaces. It is pilot quantitative study limited to an area of one city, showing the crowdedness of UGS in two approaches. In both approaches, we assume an extreme event observed in the time of pandemic that all people in the accessible distance visit a UGS at the same time. In the approaches, we have combined parameters from literature and the idea that analysing UGS accessibility could be size sensitive to come up with methods for assessing residents’ accessibility to green spaces with spatial analysis. Our study shows the variability of UGS accessibility throughout the city. The results indicate that to identify areas in cities with insufficient UGS, analyses using the commonly referenced 300-meter accessibility measure may be sufficient. However, for a more comprehensive assessment of UGS accessibility, it is necessary to conduct studies that are sensitive to UGS size and factor in the estimated population within it. The study tackles the UGS accessibility problems in a novel way of comparing two popular approaches and providing practical insights. The approaches may be useful for spatial planning practices to show the differences in local UGS accessibility and delimit areas with lower UGS accessibility. The findings may support the municipality in the practical task of monitoring the crowding of UGS in the city and facilitate decision making in the new UGS site selection process.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning for transformative change with nature-based solutions: A geodesign application in Stockholm","authors":"Blal Adem Esmail, Chiara Cortinovis, Sigvard Bast, Carl C. Anderson, Lina Suleiman, Gustavo Arciniegas, Davide Geneletti, Ulla Mörtberg, Christian Albert","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105303","url":null,"abstract":"Advancing towards urban futures in which both human communities and ecosystems can thrive requires transformative change (TC). Spatial planning can serve as a backbone for inspiring and fostering the desired transformation of cities. However, to support this transformation, the challenge for spatial planning is to create unconventional plans that account for the complex trade-offs and interactions of different scenarios through participatory procedures. A promising approach for addressing this challenge is geodesign, since it couples spatial co-design with impact simulations. This paper aims to explore how, and with what effects, a geodesign process can support the co-creation of transformative urban plans that enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services while meeting urban development goals. A geodesign process was developed and deployed for a case study neighborhood in Stockholm, Sweden. Two scenario storylines were developed: one that follows the current city plan, and another one where the most transformative elements of the plan are further emphasized. Fourteen planning stakeholders divided into three groups translated the storylines into actual land use changes and explored the impacts of the two scenarios. The study findings indicate that the geodesign process enabled participants to develop transformative plans that address housing needs while also promoting biodiversity and ecosystem services through nature-based solutions. Participants showed high perceived desirability of TC scenarios in Skarpnäck but were mostly sceptical regarding the plausibility and probability of future implementation. Changes in perceived plausibility, desirability and probability comparing before and after the geodesign process were minor, with some inter-group variation. We recommend practical applications of geodesign to strategically involve key stakeholders throughout study conceptualization, scenario development, and model generation for better consideration of context. Enhancing geodesign tools for user-friendliness is also crucial. We suggest geodesign research to focus more on understanding its impacts on participants as well as scaling up for addressing complex challenges in metropolitan and landscape planning.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greening the city: An analysis of socio-spatial disparities through urban gardening practices in Lille and Lyon (France)","authors":"Amélie DESCHAMPS","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105298","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past three decades, urban gardening initiatives have proliferated in cities. The community garden has emerged as a global model for participatory urban greening. To date, few studies have engaged on greening licenses. These schemes have emerged in French cities along community gardens to green the interstices of urban space, such as the feet of trees or holes in pavements. The role of urban gardening in reducing urban environmental injustice is debated in the literature. The cities of Lille and Lyon (France) were selected for study to investigate the geographical distribution of participatory greening initiatives according to the socio-economic profile of neighbourhoods. By comparing the location of community gardens and greening licenses, the role of institutional and associative frameworks in making these schemes accessible to the population was highlighted. A mixed methodology combining statistical and cartographic analysis with qualitative fieldwork was employed. The findings suggest an uneven distribution of greening initiatives in the two cities. The concentration of greening licenses in neighbourhoods with higher average incomes than those hosting community gardens highlights the barriers to participation faced by the most disadvantaged sections of the population. However, the concentration of community gardens managed by charities in these neighbourhoods emphasises the fact that one of the conditions for environmental justice is to support initiatives in working-class neighbourhoods with specific policies. Our results provide useful insights for policymakers on the types of support that should be implemented to ensure that participatory greening initiatives benefit as many people as possible and do not perpetuate urban social and environmental injustice.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"63 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring sustainability of urban agriculture: Who is going to do it and how?","authors":"Sebastian Eiter, Wendy Fjellstad, Loes Van Schaik","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105300","url":null,"abstract":"Urban agriculture is often considered a tool to increase the economic, social and environmental sustainability of cities and city food systems. However, sustainability is difficult to measure, resulting in debate about how sustainable urban agriculture truly is. There is therefore a lack of incentive to promote urban agriculture or protect existing initiatives that are threatened by development pressure on urban land. Monitoring the sustainability impact of urban agriculture could provide evidence and enable politicians and decision makers to make informed decisions about whether and where to prioritise different forms of urban agriculture above competing interests.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of urbanisation, habitat characteristics, and management on garden pond biodiversity: Findings from a large-scale citizen science survey","authors":"Zsuzsanna MÁRTON, Barbara BARTA, Csaba F. VAD, Beáta SZABÓ, Andrew J. HAMER, Vivien KARDOS, Csilla LASKAI, Ádám FIERPASZ, Zsófia HORVÁTH","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105299","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid expansion of urban areas often leads to degradation, fragmentation, and loss of natural habitats, threatening biodiversity. While urban ponds might contribute substantially to the biodiversity of urban blue-green infrastructure, the role of garden ponds is still largely unknown. We lack a comprehensive understanding of how local habitat features, different forms of management, and urbanisation might impact the biodiversity of these habitats. This study aimed to reveal the importance of garden ponds via a country-wide online citizen science survey in Hungary, Central Europe. Data from over 800 pond owners revealed the occurrence and local frequency of various native animal taxa (amphibians, odonates, and birds), and introduced animals (e.g., fish). We collected data about pond features and management practices. We tested the effects of pond features, pond management, and landscape-level drivers (urbanisation, surrounding wetland coverage) on the presence of conspicuous animal taxa (adult amphibians and tadpoles, birds, odonates) to identify the potential drivers of the biodiversity of garden ponds. Key pond features including pond age, area, aquatic and shoreline vegetation were the most important factors, while algaecide addition was the most influential management practice negatively affecting amphibian presence. Urbanisation negatively affected the presence of adult amphibians and their tadpoles, but it was not associated negatively with the presence of odonates and birds. Our results indicate the high potential to utilise garden ponds as urban habitats surveyed with the help of the public. Developing effective urban biodiversity monitoring and conservation strategies are necessary for a better functioning blue-green infrastructure. The high level of engagement of pond owners, as in our survey, can create valuable data for achieving these aims.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially-optimized greenspace for more effective urban heat mitigation: Insights from regional cooling heterogeneity via explainable machine learning","authors":"Shuliang Ren, Zhou Huang, Ganmin Yin, Xiaoqin Yan, Quanhua Dong, Junnan Qi, Jiangpeng Zheng, Yi Bao, Shiyi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105296","url":null,"abstract":"Urban greenspaces (UGS) are increasingly recognised as crucial for mitigating urban heat exposure in advancing sustainable development goals. However, limited understanding of spatial heterogeneity in cooling effects hinders optimizing UGS benefits. Moreover, most studies focus solely on relationship exploration, lacking comprehensive assessment frameworks for practical decision-making. We propose a data-driven framework that combines machine learning with local interpretability and benefit evaluation to analyze spatial heterogeneity, guide spatial decisions, and assess decision cooling benefits (measured as reduced population exposure to land surface temperature extremes). Using Beijing as a case study, we investigated UGS cooling effects’ nonlinear impacts and spatial heterogeneity and validated the effectiveness of spatial decisions incorporating such heterogeneity. Our findings reveal that: (1) Beyond greenspace coverage, the spatial configuration and morphology of UGS significantly mitigate urban heat exposure; (2) All UGS landscape indicators exhibit nonlinear and threshold effects, with their cooling efficiency varying across areas due to interactions with regional environmental factors; (3) The spatial inequality in cooling benefits exceeds that of UGS indicator distribution; (4) Integrating regional heterogeneity of cooling benefits to prioritise optimal areas can more than double mitigation benefits (when only 10% of areas can be optimised). The proposed framework achieves equivalent benefits while optimizing only 40% of the region compared to random methods. This study advances the understanding of greenspace benefits from distribution heterogeneity to cooling effect heterogeneity. These insights emphasize the importance of considering regional heterogeneity in urban spatial planning, providing theoretical and practical support for enhancing urban sustainability and resident well-being through UGS.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining spatial clustering and spatial regression models to understand distributional inequities in access to urban green spaces","authors":"Bruno Vargas Adorno, Rafael H.M. Pereira, Silvana Amaral","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105297","url":null,"abstract":"Proximity to urban green spaces offers numerous benefits, sparking increased research and policy interest in equitable access for different population groups. While spatial analyses evaluate access to urban green space, previous studies overlook fine-grained spatial disparities, needed for targeted urban planning. Spatial clustering models (Local Indicators of Spatial Association – LISA) group values significantly higher and lower than the average in the geographic space. In turn, spatial regression (Geographically Wheigted Regression – GWR) reveals the strength and direction of the correlation between variables across space. Here, we investigate whether and how the combination of both types of models helps examine distributional green equity. We show how combining LISA and GWR gives a more nuanced understanding of distributional green equity. We apply this approach to Goiânia, Brazil, with an empirical analysis of access to three categories of green spaces: tree cover, herb-shrub, and public green spaces. Using open-source methods and tools, we examine variations in accessibility for black people, women, and people of different age, literacy, and income groups. We used a new accessibility metric accounting for the size/area of green spaces, walking times and competition for accessing green spaces. The analyses revealed access disparities by population group and green space category identifying specific regions in the city and population groups with consistently limited access to urban green spaces, guiding planners with refined information to prioritize green space interventions where they are most likely needed. This method enables targeted, equitable urban planning that fosters inclusive access to green spaces for diverse communities.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution to what? Global assessment of nature-based solutions, urban challenges, and outcomes","authors":"Meng Li, Roy P. Remme, Peter M. van Bodegom, Alexander P.E. van Oudenhoven","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105294","url":null,"abstract":"In response to multiple societal challenges faced in cities, nature-based solutions (NbS) are gaining prominence as means to support sustainable and resilient urban planning. However, NbS are being implemented in cities around the globe without comprehensive evidence on their effectiveness in addressing urban challenges. Based on a systematic mapping methodology, we synthesized 547 empirical cases of NbS in 197 cities globally, yielding 799 outcomes encompassing biodiversity, health well-being, and regulating ecosystem services. To structure this evidence we developed an urban NbS classification and categories of urban challenges and outcomes. Effectiveness of NbS was assessed through synthesizing which urban challenges are addressed by NbS, which outcomes are generated, and how these outcomes perform compared to alternative solutions. Our analysis suggests that specific urban challenges were mostly linked to closely related outcomes, but rarely to multiple outcomes. Specifically, forests & trees and general parks were commonly used to enhance health and well-being, while grassland and gardens were applied to mitigate biodiversity loss. Furthermore, urban NbS generally yielded positive effects compared to non-NbS, particularly in relation to microclimate mitigation and mental health outcomes. However, we note a scarcity of evidence on multifunctional NbS, especially on studies that report multiple outcomes related to biodiversity and well-being simultaneously. Our study provides a foundation for further understanding NbS effectiveness and can inform urban planners and policymakers with measurable evidenced-based targets for the application of NbS.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of homeowner associations’ pro-environmental codes, covenants, and restrictions on member yards","authors":"Madeline F. Carr, Daniel Boyd Kramer, David Drake","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105295","url":null,"abstract":"Homeowner’s associations (HOAs) use their codes covenants, and restrictions (CCRs) to regulate yard composition. A small but growing number of HOAs include clauses in their CCRs with pro-environmental aims. This study assessed the effect of native plant requirement and lawn restriction pro-environmental clauses (PECs) on yard composition. Using front yard surveys, we found a greater mean percent cover of native species in PEC yards (29.51%) compared to non-PEC yards (6.94%) and less mean percent lawn cover in PEC yards (38.44%) than non-PEC yards (68.04%). While these results suggest that PECs are an opportunity for enhancing conservation behaviors of homeowners, we recommend further studies explore the language of PECs, homeowner knowledge of native plants and sustainable landscaping practices, and developer or HOA roles in supporting homeowners.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferring Local over Non-Local Parks? Green Space Visit Patterns by Urban Residents in Desert Cities, Arizona","authors":"Jieun Kim, Youngjae Won, Yushim Kim, Elizabeth Corley","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105292","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates whether residents in urban neighborhoods use nearby green spaces more frequently than distant ones. Using mobile phone tracking data from 2019, we analyzed visitation patterns to green spaces within walking distance of residence (i.e., local parks) in the Phoenix-Mesa urbanized area, Arizona, USA. Key findings include: (1) about 40% of neighborhoods with available local parks did not prioritize local park use, (2) both accessibility measures and neighborhood social composition were significantly associated with frequent local park use by residents, and (3) the association between the percentage of Hispanic residents and local park use varied non-linearly based on access to local parks (proximity and average size). We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for urban green space planning and equity considerations.","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}