Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology最新文献

{"title":"Histological findings for the absorption of small and large liposomes - the basis of future drug delivery and contrast media systems.","authors":"Roxana Florentina Şufaru, Cristinel Ionel Stan, Cătălina Anişoara Peptu, Liviu Ciprian Gavril, Dragoş Andrei Chiran, Dragoş Valentin Crauciuc, Eduard Gabriel Crauciuc, Mihaela Adela Iancu, Ruxandra Vatavu, Codrin Gabriel Lucasievici, Ana Maria Dumitrescu, Anca Sava","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.10","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The purpose of our study was to obtain and characterize carrier systems in different sizes that can affect oral absorption, since the mechanisms of liposome absorption are not yet fully understood. From stomach to the small intestine, liposomes can be gradually destroyed. Understanding the factors that affect oral absorption leads to developing safe and effective nanosystems to improve the oral delivery of therapeutics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We determined the efficiency of the absorption of small and large liposomes at the level of gingival mucosa, heart, liver, testicles, kidneys, and lungs, using frozen-section fluorescence microscopy, on rat tissues after liposomes administration. A number of 36 male rats were divided in four groups: control groups, A and C, consisted of six rats each and did not receive liposomes; two other groups, B and D, were the experimental ones, and consisted of 12 male rats each. The animals received small liposomes (75-76 nm) and large liposomes (80-87 nm), respectively, administered either by endogastric tube or intraperitoneal injection. After 24 hours, the animals were sacrificed, and we harvested the organs. We performed frozen sections and analyzed them with fluorescence microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frozen sections obtained from all organs revealed a higher absorption level of small liposomes in the testicles, liver, and gum, while the large liposomes had a greater affinity for the liver, with variations dependent on the route of administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frozen-section fluorescence microscopy is a reliable technique for visualization of liposome absorption. Based on the size of these nanosystems, we revealed significant absorption for small liposomes in testicles, liver, heart, and gum, and for large liposomes mainly in the liver, compared with the control groups. The study advocates for the usage of liposomes for medical purposes, based on their absorption proprieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kaposi's sarcoma of the larynx: case series.","authors":"Mircea Sorin Ciolofan, Florin Anghelina, Carmen Aurelia Mogoantă, Alexandru Nicolae Vlăescu, Mihaela Roxana Mitroi, Alina Nicoleta Căpitănescu, Charoula Florou, Anca Maria Istrate-Ofiţeru, Gheorghe Iovănescu","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.13","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) represents a type of cancer that usually arises on the skin and very rarely in other organs. KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) commonly arises in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Laryngeal involvement of KS is very rare. Our study comprised of three cases with laryngeal KS. All cases were solved through surgical excision of the tumor. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry examinations revealed laryngeal KS. Laryngeal KS should be managed through surgical resection, followed by oncological treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary fibrous tumor developing in the right retroperitoneal space.","authors":"Cristian Meşină, Cosmin Vasile Obleagă, Mihai Călin Ciorbagiu, Cristin Constantin Vere, Dragoş Marian Popescu, Florina Carmen Popescu, Daniel Alin Cristian, Mihaela Iustina Meşină-Botoran","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.16","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that is quite aggressive and prone to recurrence and metastasis. Most SFTs are benign, but the identification of the histological features that define the dedifferentiation of SFTs can predict the aggressiveness of the tumor and the presence of a reserved prognosis. We present a rare case of conventional SFTs with features of malignancy and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties related to this case. Computed tomography aspect suggested a possible gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Surgical intervention was performed through median laparotomy and a tumor of approximately 15∕12 cm was found, developed from the level of the right retroperitoneal space, and pushing anteriorly the ascending colon, cecum, and terminal ileum. The immunohistochemical aspect correlated with the histopathological one suggests a SFT most likely malignant. In conclusion, the early diagnosis of SFTs is essential in establishing an appropriate treatment. Immunohistochemistry is indispensable in establishing the diagnosis of SFTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the immune system elements and on the placental structure. Clinical, histological and immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Cristina Jana Busuioc, Gabriela Camelia Roşu, George Lucian Zorilă, Laurenţiu Mogoantă, Anca Maria Istrate-Ofiţeru, Daniel Pirici, Ilona Mihaela Liliac, Larisa Iovan, Elena Iuliana Anamaria Berbecaru, Maria Cristina Comănescu, Sergiu Marian Cazacu, Dominic Gabriel Iliescu","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.12","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy remain relatively unknown.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We present this original paper where we analyzed 60 parturients, at term, 30 without associated infection (C-) and 30 with associated infection (C+), present at birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the blood count and placental microscopic structure through classical and immunohistochemical staining and observed the placental areas affected by the presence of SARS-CoV-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 infection was accompanied by a decrease in the number of lymphocytes, the number of platelets and the presence of placental structural changes, identifying extensive areas of amyloid deposits, placental infarcts, vascular thrombosis, syncytial knots, with a decrease in placental vascular density and the presence of infection in the cells located at decidual level, at syncytiotrophoblast level and at the level of the cells of the chorionic plate, still without overcoming this barrier and without causing any fetal infection in the analyzed cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 in the placenta can produce significant structural changes, with a decrease in placental vascular density that can have significant implications on proper fetal perfusion. Also, the presence of immunoreactivity at the level of decidua, the placental villi, as well as the chorionic plate proves that the virus can overcome the maternal-fetal barrier. However, in the analyzed cases there were no fetal infections at birth, which may show that local placental factors can be a protective filter for the fetus.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracardiac mass presenting as acute myocardial infarction.","authors":"Diana Ruxandra Hădăreanu, Mihaela Corina Berceanu, Roxana Daniela Stroescu, Sebastian Militaru, Constantin Militaru, Călin Dinu Hădăreanu, Victor Cornel Raicea, Nelu Irinel Şoşea, Elian Octavian Boldu, Oana Cristina Munteanu Mirea, Răzvan Ilie Radu, Ioana Andreea Gheonea, Mihai Marius Botezat, Cristian Militaru","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.15","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac tumors, although rare, present intricate diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, necessitating timely intervention for optimal patient outcomes. This case report focuses on a 65-year-old woman admitted with chest pain and loss of consciousness, ultimately diagnosed with a left ventricular cardiac myxoma. The patient's presentation mimicked acute coronary syndrome, highlighting the diagnostic complexity associated with cardiac tumors. Advanced imaging modalities, including transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography, and invasive coronary angiography, played a pivotal role in characterizing the intracardiac mass. Histopathological (HP) examination, utilizing immunohistochemistry, confirmed the tumor as a cardiac myxoma. The patient management involved a multidisciplinary approach, leading to surgical resection of the mass and mitral valve replacement. The case underscores the importance of the HP confirmation in patients with cardiac masses, especially when multimodality cardiac imaging suggests various tumor types, simultaneously emphasizing the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach that includes advanced imaging and histopathology to ensure an accurate diagnosis and tailored management of cardiac tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune encephalitis and paraneoplastic encephalitis: difficulties in diagnosis and management in the ICU.","authors":"Mihaela Livia Agapie, Florin Tudor Borjog, Clementina Oana Dumitraşcu, Rareş Prăjescu, Mihai Popescu, Carmen Orban","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.03","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) represents a category of relatively newly described neurological disorders associated with an increasing prevalence, a significant impact on the healthcare system, and a high rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. This category of diseases often requires prompt treatment, even before a definitive diagnosis is established. In the ICU, patients present with nonspecific signs and symptoms for AIE, which pose challenges in both management and diagnosis. Patients frequently exhibit dysautonomia, severe physical and psychic agitation, as well as tremors and dyskinesia, all of which complicate the diagnosis. They are prone to developing infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, and issues related to difficult venous access and pressure ulcers. Early initiation of immunosuppressive treatment is necessary to improve patients' outcome. Through this article, we aimed to summarize current knowledge in terms of the difficulties in diagnosing and management of this pathology in the ICU, as well as the implications for the healthcare system in terms of human and financial resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of carotid atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease after hepatitis C virus eradication by direct-acting antivirals.","authors":"Tudor Cuciureanu, Carol Stanciu, Robert Radu Năstasă, Larisa Ermina Stratina, Horia Octav Minea, Ioan Sebastian Zenovia, Cătălin Sfarti, Cristina Maria Muzica, Laura Huiban, Remus Theodor Stafie, Ana Maria Singeap, Ştefan Chiriac, Eliza Camelia Cojocariu, Irina Gîrleanu, Oana Cristina Petrea, Sergiu Timofeiov, Iulian Dan Cuciureanu, Adrian Rotaru, Anca Trifan","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.04","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent research points to a link between chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cardiovascular disease, especially carotid atherosclerosis, and suggests that HCV clearance may impact cardiovascular outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine if viral eradication by the new oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents has benefit regarding carotid atherosclerosis, peripheral artery disease (PAD), steatosis, and liver fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Patients, materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective study on 168 patients diagnosed with chronic HCV infection or HCV-related cirrhosis. They were all treated with DAAs, with sustained virological response (SVR). Laboratory data, vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement, and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were recorded in all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found an average IMT of 1.22±0.2 mm, with a variance range from 1.14±0.19 mm in the mild and moderate fibrosis (≤F2) group to 1.29±0.25 mm in the severe fibrosis (≥F3) group. Also, patients with severe fibrosis (≥F3) present a more critical decrease of IMT values, with the carotid thickness affecting only 18.2% of individuals in the follow-up period. At the baseline, the best values of ABI were recorded in patients having F1-F2 fibrosis stage (mean value 1.02±0.19). Instead, in the group with severe fibrosis, the average value of ABI was lower (0.91±0.16) at the baseline, with a significant increase at SVR evaluation (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research highlights the beneficial effect of viral eradication on both carotid atherosclerosis and PAD, especially in those with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An atypical anatomy of permanent mandibular second molar with five roots.","authors":"Cristina Coralia Nistor, Paula Perlea, Lucian Toma Ciocan, Alexandru Burcea, Alexandru Andrei Iliescu","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.3.16","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Especially in molars that may have sometimes aberrant additional root canals, the complexity of tooth internal morphology in individual cases sometimes does not match to admitted classification rules and underlines the risk of missed anatomy during the endodontic management. To our knowledge, a permanent mandibular second molar with independent five roots, three mesial and two distal, each of them harboring a single canal, was not yet reported. Despite the treatment difficulties this tooth could be successfully approached by using dental operative microscope and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with small field of view. Though CBCT is not a routine imagistic examination, in case of atypical tooth anatomy aiming to establish adequate diagnosis and treatment plan, the successful clinical outcome prevails over the irradiation dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10720931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserving periodontal tissue in the treatment of a large peripheral ossifying fibroma: a case study.","authors":"Emine Cansu Topçuoğlu, Tuğçe Çevik Sönmez, Tülay Koç, Ömer Fahrettin Göze","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.3.14","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a reactive, benign gingival enlargement. Its etiology is not fully known. It can be seen in many different sizes in the mouth. The histopathological appearance of POF is mineralized tissue and fibrous proliferation. All relevant soft and hard tissues must be removed to prevent recurrence. Periodontal tissue remaining after excision is important for tooth preservation. With large lesions, the loss of healthy periodontal tissue is also large. Periodontal surgical approaches are important to preserve the remaining periodontal tissue. The positive effects of autogenously obtained titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) and connective tissue graft (CTG) on soft tissue are well known. A 34-year-old woman presented with a fibrous and pedunculated gingival mass in the upper left canine premolar region. The operation was performed with complete excision of the lesion down to the bone along with the surrounding healthy tissue. Periodontal treatment of the large defect created after excision of a large POF lesion was performed with laterally positioned flap, CTG and T-PRF. The periodontal tissue and defect were noted to heal in a healthy manner at the 6-month follow-up. POF is a benign lesion; however, it has a high recurrence rate. Complete elimination of the lesion is crucial to prevent recurrence. Periodontal surgical methods and biomaterials applied after surgical excision are significant to maintain the periodontal health of the remaining teeth and tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10720930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astrocytes - friends or foes in neurodegenerative disorders.","authors":"Alexandra Diana Vrapciu, Mugurel Constantin Rusu, Adelina Maria Jianu, Andrei Gheorghe Marius Motoc, Mihnea Ioan Nicolescu","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.3.02","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astrocytes (AS) are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). They have various morphologies and numerous (50-60) branching prolongations, with roles in the maintenance of the CNS function and homeostasis. AS in the optic nerve head (ONH) have specific distribution and function and are involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and other neural diseases, modify their morphologies, location, immune phenotype, and ultrastructure, thus being the key players in the active remodeling processes of the ONH.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10720932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}