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Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association最新文献

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Direct aesthetic restoration of black triangles in anterior teeth with a bio clear matrix: case series. 用生物透明基质直接美学修复前牙黑三角形：病例系列。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.21738
Han Zheng, Fuhua Zhang, An-Na Wang, Huang Tao, Yuhang Cao, Lei Wang
{"title":"Direct aesthetic restoration of black triangles in anterior teeth with a bio clear matrix: case series.","authors":"Han Zheng, Fuhua Zhang, An-Na Wang, Huang Tao, Yuhang Cao, Lei Wang","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The black triangle, a V-shaped gap between anterior teeth, affects both dental aesthetics and self-esteem. It can negatively impact dental aesthetics and patients' selfesteem. This study presents a series of cases in which a novel Bioclear matrix system was used for the direct aesthetic restoration of black triangles in anterior teeth. Three patients were treated at Hefei Stomatological Hospital, China, in 2023. The procedure involved cleaning, etching, applying a bonding agent, using a bioclear matrix to inject the resin composite, and light curing. Twelve-month follow-ups revealed intact restorations with no significant issues. Using the bioclear matrix provides a non-invasive and predictable method for correcting black triangles.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1290-1292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Barriers to timely treatment of undescended testis in Pakistani patients. 巴基斯坦隐睾患者及时治疗的障碍。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.22677
Nawazish Ali, Furqan Ullah Khan, Mohammad Osama
{"title":"Barriers to timely treatment of undescended testis in Pakistani patients.","authors":"Nawazish Ali, Furqan Ullah Khan, Mohammad Osama","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.22677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.22677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The need for special skills training in the last year of residency, with an emphasis on minimally invasive surgery. 需要在住院医师的最后一年进行特殊技能培训，重点是微创手术。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.30305
Muhammad Nauman, Mudassir Nauman, Asad Shahzad Hasan
{"title":"The need for special skills training in the last year of residency, with an emphasis on minimally invasive surgery.","authors":"Muhammad Nauman, Mudassir Nauman, Asad Shahzad Hasan","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.30305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.30305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1318-1319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mirror Image or Molecular Mirage? Investigating Hormone Receptor Disconcordance in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases. 镜像还是分子幻影？乳腺癌脑转移中激素受体失调的研究。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-65
Qurat Ul Ain Tariq, Eisha Abid Ali, Noman Ahmed, Irfan Yousaf, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim
{"title":"Mirror Image or Molecular Mirage? Investigating Hormone Receptor Disconcordance in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.","authors":"Qurat Ul Ain Tariq, Eisha Abid Ali, Noman Ahmed, Irfan Yousaf, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-65","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) are a significant clinical challenge, especially in aggressive subtypes like HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer. This review discusses hormone receptor discordance, it's existence and contributing factors, the role of the bloodbrain barrier (BBB) in metastatic progression, and therapeutic modalities. While local treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy remain foundational, advances in systemic and immunotherapeutic approaches show promising potential. A deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms driving BCBM is essential to guide effective treatments and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1304-1306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of lifestyle interventions in reducing UTI burden among Individuals with obesity. 生活方式干预在减轻肥胖人群尿路感染负担中的作用
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.25-64
Sourabh Sharma, Nitin Kapoor, Sanjay Kalra
{"title":"Role of lifestyle interventions in reducing UTI burden among Individuals with obesity.","authors":"Sourabh Sharma, Nitin Kapoor, Sanjay Kalra","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-64","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a prevalent health concern globally, and their incidence is disproportionately higher among individuals with obesity. Obesity increases the likelihood of UTIs due to a range of physiological, immunological, and behavioural factors. This article explores the relationship between obesity and UTIs while emphasizing evidence-based lifestyle changes to lower this risk. The discussion includes strategies such as weight management, dietary changes, increased physical activity, proper hydration, and behavioural adjustments as vital steps for reducing UTI prevalence in obese individuals. By tackling these modifiable factors, healthcare providers can enhance UTI prevention and the overall health of this at-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1301-1303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global emergency, local action: safeguarding Pakistan from Mpox. 全球紧急情况，地方行动：保护巴基斯坦免受麻疹之害。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.22033
Ayesha Hasana, Wahhaj Munir, Adil Khan
{"title":"Global emergency, local action: safeguarding Pakistan from Mpox.","authors":"Ayesha Hasana, Wahhaj Munir, Adil Khan","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.22033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.22033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Symmetrical peripheral gangrene complicating recurrent cholangiocarcinoma: a case report. 对称外周坏疽并发复发性胆管癌1例。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.21093
Chao Yang, Jing Hu, Xiaoping He, Xianming Fan
{"title":"Symmetrical peripheral gangrene complicating recurrent cholangiocarcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Chao Yang, Jing Hu, Xiaoping He, Xianming Fan","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a rare, lifethreatening complication often linked to severe illnesses. This case report describes the case of a 28-year-old male with recurrent cholangiocarcinoma who developed SPG after being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for septic shock. Despite initial survival with antibiotics, vasopressors, and supportive care, he refused amputation, leading to secondary infection and death. Early management of septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), with cautious vasopressor use, is crucial to prevent SPG.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1277-1280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A diagnostic and management odyssey of a rare case of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata. 1例罕见的点状根状软骨发育不良的诊断和治疗。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.21660
Alia Halim, Asma Shabbir, Amina Marriam
{"title":"A diagnostic and management odyssey of a rare case of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata.","authors":"Alia Halim, Asma Shabbir, Amina Marriam","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) is one of the rare inherited peroxisomal disorders that belongs to the heterogeneous group of chondrodysplasias presenting with proximal shortening of the limbs and distinctive punctate calcifications of bones and cartilages. This disorder occurs due to mutations in the genes responsible for peroxisomal biosynthesis inherited commonly as autosomal recessive, though a few are reported as x-linked dominant and recessive. The diagnosis can be made on clinical findings along with a skeletal survey; however, sonography and genetic analysis are crucial for a definitive prenatal diagnosis in cases where RCDP is inherited within a family as there is no definitive cure for RCDP and the treatment revolves around the management of its manifestations and complications. We hereby report the case of a neonate with features of RCDP. Significant respiratory involvement in RCDP babies is linked with high mortality which was also observed in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1287-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anxiety and its coping mechanisms among engineering and medical students: a comparative study. 工科和医科学生焦虑及其应对机制的比较研究。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.21001
Maryam Tariq, Muhammad Arham, Humayun Suqrat, Qaisar Sohail
{"title":"Anxiety and its coping mechanisms among engineering and medical students: a comparative study.","authors":"Maryam Tariq, Muhammad Arham, Humayun Suqrat, Qaisar Sohail","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the frequency of anxiety and its coping mechanism among medical and engineering students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2023 in Faisalabad, Pakistan, and comprised students from two medical and two engineering education institutions. Within the two subsets, one was a public-sector institution and the other was in the private sector. Data was collected using Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 and Brief Cope Inventory. Data was Analysed using SPSS 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study subjects ranged between 17-26 years of age and 144(36%) of them were females. Of the 400 subjects, 200(50%) were medical students and the rest were engineering students uniformly representing all years of education. Also, 200(50%) responses were from private-sector institutions and the rest were from public-sector institutions. Mild anxiety was present in 220(55%) subjects, more in engineering students. Moderate anxiety was found in 98(24.5%) students, most in public-sector medical institutions. Minimal and severe anxiety were noted in 56(14%) and 26(6.50%) subjects, respectively. Medical and engineering students showed the same patterns of coping mechanisms, with planning (2.55±0.69) being the most adopted, and substance abuse (1.78±0.68) the least.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Except for mild anxiety, all other groups of anxiety levels were found to be higher among medical students. In terms of coping behaviour, there was no difference between medical and engineering students.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1320-1326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of visual assessment (VA) and automated assessment (Digital Image Analysis, DIA) of Ki-67 in breast carcinoma. 乳腺癌中Ki-67的视觉评估（VA）与自动评估（DIA）的比较。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.11332
Memoona Zartash, Nadira Mamoon, Iqra Mahmood
{"title":"Comparison of visual assessment (VA) and automated assessment (Digital Image Analysis, DIA) of Ki-67 in breast carcinoma.","authors":"Memoona Zartash, Nadira Mamoon, Iqra Mahmood","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.11332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.11332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the agreement between visual assessment and automated assessment of Ki-67 labelling index in breast carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The observational, prospective study was conducted at the Histopathology Department, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, from November 24, 2018, to November 23, 2019, and comprised female patients regardless of age who had been diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma. Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin embedded sections of the breast. Visual assessment of the proliferative index was done using hotspot method, followed by automated assessment of the digital image by ImmunoRatio software. Microscopic images of the maximally positive areas were taken and uploaded onto the software which gave an assessment of the proliferative index. The outcomes of the two assessments were compared. Data was analysed using SPSS 16.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 200 females with mean age 49±5.6 years (range: 29-83 years), 125(62.5%) showed homogeneous 75(37.5%) exhibited heterogeneous staining for Ki-67 on immunohistochemistry. Overall, high Ki-67 index value was noted for 159(79.5%) cases by visual assessment and 168(84%) by digital image analysis. The corresponding value for low Ki-67 index value were 41(20.5%) and 31(16%). Agreement between the two methods among high Ki- 67 index value was in 146(73.0%) cases, and the corresponding value for low Ki-67 value was 18(8.5%). Besides, 36(18%) cases showed disagreement in Ki-67 values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a significant agreement between visual assessment and digital image analysis of Ki-67 labelling index in breast carcinoma, suggesting that both the methods can be used in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 8","pages":"1183-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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