Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Response to the Letter Concerning the Publication: Neuroimaging in Functional Neurological Disorder: State of the Field and Research Agenda. Perez DL et al. Neuroimage Clin. 2021;30:102623","authors":"David L. Perez , Timothy R. Nicholson , Ali A. Asadi-Pooya , Matthew Butler , Alan J. Carson , Anthony S. David , Quinton Deeley , Ibai Diez , Mark J. Edwards , Alberto J. Espay , Jeannette M. Gelauff , Johannes Jungilligens , Mark Hallett , Richard A.A. Kanaan , Marina A.J. Tijssen , Kasia Kozlowska , W. Curt LaFrance Jr , Ramesh S. Marapin , Carine W. Maurer , Antje A.T.S. Reinders , Selma Aybek","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000123/pdfft?md5=204a8ef614e6cdf3453e1db622844587&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in type 2 dopamine receptors across neuropsychiatric conditions: A large-scale PET cohort","authors":"Tuulia Malén ,&nbsp;Severi Santavirta ,&nbsp;Sven De Maeyer ,&nbsp;Jouni Tuisku ,&nbsp;Valtteri Kaasinen ,&nbsp;Tuomas Kankare ,&nbsp;Janne Isojärvi ,&nbsp;Juha Rinne ,&nbsp;Jarmo Hietala ,&nbsp;Pirjo Nuutila ,&nbsp;Lauri Nummenmaa","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Aberrant dopaminergic function is linked with motor, psychotic, and affective symptoms, but studies have typically compared a single patient group with healthy controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Here, we investigated the variation in striatal (caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and putamen) and thalamic type 2 dopamine receptor (D₂R) availability using [¹¹C]raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) data from a large sample of 437 humans including healthy controls, and subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD), antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia, severe violent behavior, pathological gambling, depression, and overweight. We analyzed regional group differences in D₂R availability. We also analyzed the interregional correlation in D₂R availability within each group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Subjects with PD showed the clearest decline in D₂R availability. Overall, the groups showed high interregional correlation in D₂R availability, while this pattern was weaker in violent offenders. Subjects with schizophrenia, pathological gambling, depression, or overweight did not show clear changes in either the regional receptor availability or the interregional correlation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We conclude that the dopaminergic changes in neuropsychiatric conditions might not only affect the overall receptor availability but also how coupled regions are across people. The region-specific receptor availability more profoundly links to the motor symptoms, while the between-region coupling might be disrupted in violence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000172/pdfft?md5=f191098ae02f10dff90773ddf0488128&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000172-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139936474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectivity-based segmentation of the thalamic motor region for deep brain stimulation in essential tremor: A comparison of deterministic and probabilistic tractography","authors":"Evangelia Tsolaki ,&nbsp;Alon Kashanian ,&nbsp;Kevin Chiu ,&nbsp;Ausaf Bari ,&nbsp;Nader Pouratian","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) studies have shown that stimulation of the motor segment of the thalamus based on probabilistic tractography is predictive of improvement in essential tremor (ET). However, probabilistic methods are computationally demanding, requiring the need for alternative tractography methods for use in the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to compare probabilistic vs deterministic tractography methods for connectivity-based targeting in patients with ET.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Probabilistic and deterministic tractography methods were retrospectively applied to diffusion-weighted data sets in 36 patients with refractory ET. The thalamus and precentral gyrus were selected as regions of interest and fiber tracking was performed between these regions to produce connectivity-based thalamic segmentations, per prior methods. The resultant deterministic target maps were compared with those of thresholded probabilistic maps. The center of gravity (CG) of each connectivity map was determined and the differences in spatial distribution between the tractography methods were characterized. Furthermore, the intersection between the connectivity maps and CGs with the therapeutic volume of tissue activated (VTA) was calculated. A mixed linear model was then used to assess clinical improvement in tremor with volume of overlap.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both tractography methods delineated the region of the thalamus with connectivity to the precentral gyrus to be within the posterolateral aspect of the thalamus. The average CG of deterministic maps was more medial-posterior in both the left (3.7 ± 1.3 mm³) and the right (3.5 ± 2.2 mm³) hemispheres when compared to 30 %-thresholded probabilistic maps. Mixed linear model showed that the volume of overlap between CGs of deterministic and probabilistic targeting maps and therapeutic VTAs were significant predictors of clinical improvement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Deterministic tractography can reconstruct DBS thalamic target maps in approximately 5 min comparable to those produced by probabilistic methods that require &gt; 12 h to generate. Despite differences in CG between the methods, both deterministic-based and probabilistic targeting were predictive of clinical improvement in ET.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000263/pdfft?md5=5ce1474d23ecc3140e45a4dbe12dd792&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000263-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139993122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the merits and potential of advanced neuroimaging techniques in COVID-19: A scoping review","authors":"Noa van der Knaap ,&nbsp;Marcel J.H. Ariës ,&nbsp;Iwan C.C. van der Horst ,&nbsp;Jacobus F.A. Jansen","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are suffering from long-term neuropsychological sequelae. These patients may benefit from a better understanding of the underlying neuropathophysiological mechanisms and identification of potential biomarkers and treatment targets. Structural clinical neuroimaging techniques have limited ability to visualize subtle cerebral abnormalities and to investigate brain function. This scoping review assesses the merits and potential of advanced neuroimaging techniques in COVID-19 using literature including advanced neuroimaging or postmortem analyses in adult COVID-19 patients published from the start of the pandemic until December 2023. Findings were summarized according to distinct categories of reported cerebral abnormalities revealed by different imaging techniques. Although no unified COVID-19-specific pattern could be subtracted, a broad range of cerebral abnormalities were revealed by advanced neuroimaging (likely attributable to hypoxic, vascular, and inflammatory pathology), even in absence of structural clinical imaging findings. These abnormalities are validated by postmortem examinations. This scoping review emphasizes the added value of advanced neuroimaging compared to structural clinical imaging and highlights implications for brain functioning and long-term consequences in COVID-19.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000287/pdfft?md5=eccc069183d7afa5cd550c1fc32aaac6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000287-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual-level analysis of MRI T2 relaxometry in mild traumatic brain injury: Possible indications of brain inflammation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), often called concussion, is a prevalent condition that can have significant implications for people’s health, functioning and well-being. Current clinical practice relies on self-reported symptoms to guide decision-making regarding return to sport, employment, and education. Unfortunately, reliance on subjective evaluations may fail to accurately reflect the resolution of neuropathology, exposing individuals with mTBI to an increased risk of further head trauma. No objective technique currently exists to assess the microstructural alterations to brain tissue which characterise mTBI. MRI-based T2 relaxation is a quantitative imaging technique that is susceptible to detecting fluid properties in the brain and is hypothesised to indicate neuroinflammation. This study aimed to investigate the potential of individual-level T2 relaxometry to evaluate cellular damage from mTBI. 20 male participants with acute sports-related mTBI (within 14 days post-injury) and 44 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Each mTBI participant’s voxel-wise T2 relaxometry map was analysed against healthy control averages using a voxel-wise z-test with false discovery rate correction. Five participants were re-scanned after clinical recovery and results were compared to their acute T2 relaxometry maps to assess reduction in potential neuroinflammation. T2 relaxation times were significantly increased in 19/20 (95 %) mTBI participants compared to healthy controls, in regions including the hippocampus, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, insula, cingulate cortex and cerebellum. Results suggest the presence of increased cerebral fluid in individuals with mTBI. Longitudinal results indicated a reduction in T2 relaxation for all five participants, indicating a possible resolution over time. This research highlights the potential of individual-level T2 relaxometry MRI as a non-invasive method for assessing subtle brain pathology in mTBI. Identifying and monitoring changes in the fluid content in the brain could aid in predicting recovery and developing individualised treatment plans for individuals with mTBI. Future research should validate this measure with other markers of inflammation (e.g. from blood biomarkers) to test whether T2-relaxometry is related to subtle brain inflammation in mTBI. In addition, future research should utilise larger control groups to establish normative ranges and compute robust z-score analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315822400086X/pdfft?md5=5bdb5241589bf00c8168d012e1dcc76d&pid=1-s2.0-S221315822400086X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive clinical and imaging trajectories in SWEDD and Parkinson’s disease patients","authors":"Cecilia Boccalini ,&nbsp;Nicolas Nicastro ,&nbsp;Daniela Perani ,&nbsp;Valentina Garibotto","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A proportion of patients clinically diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD) can have a ¹²³I-FP-CIT-SPECT scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD), generating a debate about the underlying biological mechanisms. This study investigated differences in clinical features, ¹²³I-FP-CIT binding, molecular connectivity, as well as clinical and imaging progression between SWEDD and PD patients.</p><p>We included 36 SWEDD, 49 de novo idiopathic PD, and 49 healthy controls with ¹²³I-FP-CIT-SPECT from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative. Clinical and imaging 2-year follow-ups were available for 27 SWEDD and 40 PD. Regional-based and voxel-wise analysis assessed dopaminergic integrity in dorsal and ventral striatal, as well as extrastriatal regions, at baseline and follow-up. Molecular connectivity analyses evaluated dopaminergic pathways. Spatial correlation analyses tested whether ¹²³I-FP-CIT-binding alterations would also pertain to the serotoninergic system.</p><p>SWEDD and PD patients showed comparable symptoms at baseline, except for hyposmia, which was more severe for PD. PD showed significantly lower striatal and extrastriatal ¹²³I-FP-CIT-binding compared to SWEDD and controls. SWEDD exhibited lower binding than controls in striatal regions, insula, and olfactory cortex. Both PD and SWEDD showed extensive altered connectivity of dopaminergic pathways, however, with major impairment in the mesocorticolimbic system for SWEDD. Motor symptoms and dopaminergic deficits worsened after 2 years for PD only.</p><p>The limited dopaminergic impairment and its stability over time observed for SWEDD, as well as the presence of extrastriatal ¹²³I-FP-CIT binding alterations and prevalent mesocorticolimbic connectivity impairment, suggest other mechanisms contributing to SWEDD pathophysiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000317/pdfft?md5=8a6d5a97ff53058ff801b76cb499ac2a&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000317-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140137874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressed patients with childhood maltreatment display altered intra- and inter-network resting state functional connectivity","authors":"Mónika Gálber ,&nbsp;Szilvia Anett Nagy ,&nbsp;Gergely Orsi ,&nbsp;Gábor Perlaki ,&nbsp;Maria Simon ,&nbsp;Boldizsár Czéh","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a major risk factor for the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). To gain more knowledge on how adverse childhood experiences influence the development of brain architecture, we studied functional connectivity (FC) alterations of neural networks of depressed patients with, or without the history of CM.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Depressed patients with severe childhood maltreatment (<em>n</em> = 18), MDD patients without maltreatment (<em>n</em> = 19), and matched healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 20) were examined with resting state functional MRI. History of maltreatment was assessed with the 28-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Intra- and inter-network FC alterations were evaluated using FMRIB Software Library and CONN toolbox.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found numerous intra- and inter-network FC alterations between the maltreated and the non-maltreated patients. Intra-network FC differences were found in the default mode, visual and auditory networks, and cerebellum. Network modelling revealed several inter-network FC alterations connecting the default mode network with the executive control, salience and cerebellar networks. Increased inter-network FC was found in maltreated patients between the sensory-motor and visual, cerebellar, default mode and salience networks.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Relatively small sample size, cross-sectional design, and retrospective self-report questionnaire to assess adverse childhood experiences.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings confirm that severely maltreated depressed patients display numerous alterations of intra- and inter-network FC strengths, not only in their fronto-limbic circuits, but also in sensory-motor, visual, auditory, and cerebellar networks. These functional alterations may explain that maltreated individuals typically display altered perception and are prone to develop functional neurological symptom disorder (conversion disorder) in adulthood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000718/pdfft?md5=a97c5d34105fe2b943bc524d2688fcac&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000718-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of cannabis abstinence on cognition and resting state network activity in people with multiple sclerosis: A preliminary study","authors":"Cecilia Meza ,&nbsp;Cristiana Stefan ,&nbsp;W. Richard Staines ,&nbsp;Anthony Feinstein","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We previously reported that people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) who have been using cannabis frequently over many years can have significant cognitive improvements accompanied by concomitant task-specific changes in brain activation following 28 days of cannabis abstinence. We now hypothesize that the default Mode Network (DMN), known to modulate cognition, would also show an improved pattern of activation align with cognitive improvement following 28 days of drug abstinence. Thirty three cognitively impaired pwMS who were frequent cannabis users underwent a neuropsychological assessment and fMRI at baseline. Individuals were then assigned to a cannabis continuation (CC, n = 15) or withdrawal (CW, n = 18) group and the cognitive and imaging assessments were repeated after 28 days. Compliance with cannabis withdrawal was checked with regular urine monitoring. Following acquisition of resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI), data were processed using independent component analysis (ICA) to identify the DMN spatial map. Between and within group analyses were carried out using dual regression for voxel-wise comparisons of the DMN. Clusters of voxels were considered statistically significant if they survived threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) correction at p &lt; 0.05. The two groups were well matched demographically and neurologically at baseline. The dual regression analysis revealed no between group differences at baseline in the DMN. By day 28, the CW group in comparison to the CC group had increased activation in the left posterior cingulate, and right, angular gyrus (p &lt; 0.05 for both, TFCE). A within group analysis for the CC group revealed no changes in resting state (RS) networks. Within group analysis of the CW group revealed increased activation at day 28 versus baseline in the left posterior cingulate, right angular gyrus, left hippocampus (BA 36), and the right medial prefrontal cortex (p &lt; 0.05). The CW group showed significant improvements in multiple cognitive domains. In summary, our study revealed that abstaining from cannabis for 28 days reverses activation of DMN activity in pwMS in association with improved cognition across several domains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000615/pdfft?md5=d9bdc95e60dc5908dfaa506569befb19&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of fNIRS measurement of executive demand during walking with and without dual-task in younger and older adults and people with Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Alexander Kvist ,&nbsp;Lucian Bezuidenhout ,&nbsp;Hanna Johansson ,&nbsp;Franziska Albrecht ,&nbsp;David Moulaee Conradsson ,&nbsp;Erika Franzén","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Walking with a concurrent cognitive task (dual-task walking) can pose a challenge to some populations due to aging or neurodegenerative disease. These tasks require cognitive resources involving the prefrontal cortex and can be studied using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). An important step in understanding fNIRS measures during such walking tasks is validating that measures reflect the demands of the tasks and not confounding sources or movement artifacts.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the validity of fNIRS measures of prefrontal cortex activity as an indicator of executive demand during usual walking (single-task) and dual-task walking against clinical and objective measures of motor behavior in young adults, older adults, and people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), by evaluating several validation hypotheses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In total, 133 participants were recruited from younger adults (18–50 years, n = 42), older adults (≥60 years, n = 49) and people with PD (≥60 years, n = 42). Activity in the prefrontal cortex during walking with and without an auditory Stroop task was measured with fNIRS. A combined hemoglobin measure (correlation-based signal improvement, CBSI) was calculated for use in a region of interest analysis in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Pre-registered hypotheses regarding convergent validity, discriminant validity and known group validity were tested. An exploratory analysis of different hemoglobin measures was also performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Increases in dlPFC activity were found from single- to dual-task walking in the younger adults group and from rest to single-task walking in the older adults and PD groups. In line with hypotheses, a positive relationship was found between between dlPFC activity during dual-task walking and dual-task cost in the younger adults group, as well as a positive relationship to step time variability during single-task walking and a negative relationship to walking speed during single-task walking in the PD group. However, several clinical and gait measures lacked a relationship with dlPFC activity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The fNIRS results point towards the CBSI measure of dlPFC activity being a valid measure of executive demand during both single and dual-task walking. Some relationships between clinical and gait measures and brain activity during walking need further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000767/pdfft?md5=ae07729c75b9b822bf4adc0656c92121&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000767-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GABAergic imbalance in Parkinson’s disease–related depression determined with MEGA-PRESS","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The pathogenesis of depression in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the changes in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) levels in patients with PD with or without depression determined using MEscher-GArwood Point Resolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A total of 83 patients with primary PD and 24 healthy controls were included. Patients with PD were categorized into depressed PD (DPD, <em>n</em> = 19) and nondepressed PD (NDPD, <em>n</em> = 64) based on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. All participants underwent T1-weighted imaging and MEGA-PRESS sequence to acquire GABA+ and Glx values. The MEGA-PRESS sequence was conducted using 18.48 mL voxels in the left thalamus and medial frontal cortex. The GABA+, Glx, and creatine values were quantified using Gannet 3.1 software.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The GABA+ and Glx values were not significantly disparate between patients with PD and controls in the thalamus and medial frontal cortex. However, the levels of N-acetyl aspartate/creatine and choline/creatine in the left thalamus were significantly lower in patients with PD than in controls (<em>P</em> = .031, <em>P</em> = .009). The GABA+/Water and GABA+/Creatine in the medial frontal cortex were higher in DPD than in NDPD (<em>P</em> = .001, <em>P</em> = .004). The effects of depression on Glx or other metabolite levels were not evident, and no significant difference in metabolite values was noted in the left thalamus among all groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>GABA+ levels increased in the medial frontal cortex in DPD, which may be more closely related to depressive pathology. Thus, alterations in GABAergic function in special brain structures may be related to the clinical manifestations of PD symptoms, and hence mediating this function might help in treating depression in PD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000809/pdfft?md5=a32ba540d1ce5e88ab3d43f7c31e05cc&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000809-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}