Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Reshaped functional connectivity gradients in acute ischemic stroke","authors":"Cemal Koba ,&nbsp;Joan Falcó-Roget ,&nbsp;Alessandro Crimi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ischemic brain stroke disrupts blood flow, leading to functional and structural changes associated with behavioral deficits. Importantly, despite this disruption occurring in localized regions, the resulting changes in the functional organization are both high-dimensional and widespread across the human cortex. However, the mechanisms with which these global patterns emerge and the subsequent behavioral deficits they entail, remain largely unexplored. Functional connectivity gradients provide consistent, reproducible, and robust low-dimensional representations of brain function that can be explored to reduce brain heterogeneity to a handful of axes along which brain function is organized. Here, we investigated how stroke disrupts this canonical gradient space by aligning each patient to a control-averaged gradient embedding and computing the distances to the “correct” positions to quantify functional deviations and their contribution to behavioral deficits. Importantly, we explicitly corrected these gradients for stroke-induced hemodynamic lags to further study their contribution. We found that lag correction enhanced the functional connectivity gradients most prominently in the second gradient, on which visual and somatomotor function is concentrated. Additionally, we identified significant functional deviations primarily within somatomotor, visual, and ventral attention networks, correlating with behavioral impairments. We studied the hemispheric asymmetries of these deviations finding that intact hemispheres preserve comparable patterns of asymmetry while damaged ones presented important changes. Lastly, right-sided lesions displayed more localized functional deviations than their contralateral lesions. Overall, we provide evidence that (1) correcting for hemodynamic lags improves gradient accuracy, as indicated by increased percentages of explained variance, and (2) behavioral impairments and hemispheric asymmetries result from a repositioning of region-based connectivity profiles in a low-dimensional interpretable space. This suggests that large-scale brain function alterations manifest in slight, predictable movements along a reduced set of brain axes that are not completely detached from white matter damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of resting-state fMRI graph measures in hypoxic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest","authors":"Puck Lange ,&nbsp;Marlous Verhulst ,&nbsp;Anil Man Tuladhar ,&nbsp;Prejaas Tewarie ,&nbsp;Hanneke Keijzer ,&nbsp;Catharina J.M. Klijn ,&nbsp;Cornelia Hoedemaekers ,&nbsp;Michiel Blans ,&nbsp;Bart Tonino ,&nbsp;Frederick J.A. Meijer ,&nbsp;Rick C. Helmich ,&nbsp;Jeannette Hofmeijer","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Current multimodal prediction models can determine the prognosis of about half of comatose cardiac arrest patients. We investigated whether whole-brain graph-theoretical measures from early resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) three days after cardiac arrest discriminate between good and poor outcome and improve outcome prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective cohort study on comatose cardiac arrest patients on intensive care units. Resting-state fMRI three days after cardiac arrest was used to quantify whole-brain functional connectivity, global efficiency, clustering coefficient, and modularity. Neurological outcome at six months was classified as good or poor (Cerebral Performance Category 1–2 vs 3–5). Logistic regression models were used to examine between-group differences and study the additional value of graph-theoretical measures to clinical and EEG-based prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In seventy included patients (good outcome n = 44, poor n = 26), whole-brain functional connectivity and clustering coefficient (but not global efficiency and modularity) were significantly lower in patients with poor outcome. Connectivity of nodes in posterior brain areas most prominently correlated with outcome. Clustering coefficient showed strong correlation with whole-brain functional connectivity. Patients with continuous EEG patterns differed in whole-brain functional connectivity levels from those with suppressed or epileptiform patterns. Combining functional connectivity or graph measures with clinical and EEG-based predictors slightly improved outcome prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>fMRI-based whole-brain functional connectivity is a sensitive measure for encephalopathy severity after cardiac arrest, according to relations with established EEG categories and discrimination between good and poor outcome. Additional predictive values for outcome seem small. Graph measures do not provide complementary information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrovascular longitudinal atlas: Changes in cerebral arteries in unruptured intracranial aneurysm patients followed with MRA","authors":"Aichi Chien ,&nbsp;Fernando Vinuela ,&nbsp;Viktor Szeder ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Colby ,&nbsp;Reza Jahan ,&nbsp;Anthony Wang ,&nbsp;Satoshi Tateshima ,&nbsp;Gary Duckwiler ,&nbsp;Noriko Salamon","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patterns of change in cerebrovascular (CV) morphology associated with aging are highly relevant to the incidence and progression of CV disease, particularly stroke. Intracranial aneurysms (IA), a leading cause of hemorrhagic stroke, are linked with factors such as blood flow, arterial stiffness, and inflammation that may also drive other changes in CV morphology. We worked with a cohort of longitudinally-imaged IA patients to construct the first longitudinal atlas of CV morphology and studied its relationship with disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>110 IA patients, ranging from 19 to 84 years old at IA detection, were monitored using 3D magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for a mean of 6.11 (2.60) years with 3.6 (1.3) scans per patient. Using 405 image studies, we applied a machine learning diffeomorphic shape analysis to construct a longitudinal atlas of the cerebral arteries which defined a general trajectory of CV morphological change vs. age. This was paired with a centerline analysis to verify changes in individual arteries.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patient characteristics influenced the speed of CV shape change (e.g. diabetes mellitus, faster, p = 0.016), while other factors mapped to older CV age (e.g. hypertension, p = 0.0004). In parallel, we found that groups including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (p = 0.0004), sex (p = 0.005), smoking (p = 0.046), and IA growth (p = 0.020) shared CV morphology characteristics. The centerline analysis validated changes consistent with the longitudinal atlas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A general CV trajectory of increasing artery length and tortuosity over a period of several decades was found. Although specific IA characteristics were not found to significantly affect this trajectory, these changes in the CV may contribute to increases in IA risk with aging. While our longitudinal findings were consistent with previous cross-sectional studies of individuals without IA, it remains to be determined whether the pattern of morphological change we observed is representative of aging within the general population. The model we developed provides a basis for integrating CV morphological change into understanding of aging and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in cognition and brain networks: A randomised clinical trial in patients with multiple sclerosis","authors":"E. Lopez-Soley ,&nbsp;E. Martinez-Heras ,&nbsp;F. Vivo ,&nbsp;A. Calvi ,&nbsp;S. Alba-Arbalat ,&nbsp;L. Romero-Pinel ,&nbsp;S. Martínez-Yélamos ,&nbsp;C. Ramo-Tello ,&nbsp;S. Presas-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;E. Munteis ,&nbsp;J.E. Martínez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;J. Sastre-Garriga ,&nbsp;E. Anglada ,&nbsp;E.R. Meza-Murillo ,&nbsp;M.J. Arévalo ,&nbsp;R. Sánchez-Carrión ,&nbsp;R. Pelayo ,&nbsp;M. Bernabeu ,&nbsp;N. Sola-Valls ,&nbsp;M. Hervas ,&nbsp;S. Llufriu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the efficacy of the computerised Guttmann, NeuroPersonalTrainer® (GNPT) cognitive rehabilitation (CR) and characterised the induced changes in cerebral networks in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This multicentre, double-blind, randomised clinical trial compared upward intensity training (active treatment) to low-intensity static training (static treatment). Cognition was assessed using the Brief Repeatable battery before and after 12 weeks of training and at 10-months follow-up, and patients were classified as having a mild or severe cognitive impairment (CI). Brain MRI pre- and post-CR were analysed using an advanced tractography algorithm, based on multishell diffusion MRI, to obtain node-based graph metrics (local efficiency and strength) from microscopic fractional anisotropy. Seventy MS patients completed the study (age 48.9 ± 8.8, disease duration 16.8 ± 9.0 years); active treatment: 36, static treatment: 34. Verbal memory improved significantly post-CR in both groups (55 % active; 34 % static treatment), accompanied by increases in local efficiency and strength in multimodal regions. At follow-up, verbal memory declined in both groups but remained above the pre-CR assessment (−25 % and −17 %, respectively). Patients with severe-CI (n = 36) showed improvement only with active treatment, while those with mild-CI (n = 34) improved regardless of intensity treatment. Network changes were more pronounced in patients in active treatment and in those with severe-CI. Quality of life did not change at post-CR, and cognitive improvement was influenced by cognitive reserve (<em>p</em> = 0.011). In MS, GNPT temporarily improves verbal memory and increases network connectivity, reinforcing the CR as a valuable tool for enhancing cognitive skills and promoting neuronal plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103775"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditory sensory processing measures using EEG and MEG predict symptom recovery in first-episode psychosis with a single-tone paradigm","authors":"F. López-Caballero,&nbsp;B.A. Coffman,&nbsp;M. Curtis,&nbsp;A.L. Sklar,&nbsp;S. Yi,&nbsp;D.F. Salisbury","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting symptom progression in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is crucial for tailoring treatment and improving outcomes. Temporal lobe function, indicated by neurophysiological biomarkers like N100, predicts symptom progression and correlates with untreated psychosis. Our recent report showed that source-localized magnetoencephalography (MEG) M100 responses to tones in an oddball paradigm predicted recovery in FEP positive symptoms. This study expands these results with a simpler single-tone paradigm, with both MEG and EEG, and measuring associations across symptom dimensions. We recorded MEG (M100) and EEG (N100) in 29 FEP individuals and assessed symptom severity at baseline and after ∼ 7 months using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Sequential regression analyses predicted symptom change (ΔPANSS) from Duration of untreated Active Psychosis (DAP) and baseline M100, controlling for baseline symptoms. Identical regressions were conducted in a subsample measuring N100 with EEG (n = 24). Smaller baseline M100 predicted worse symptom recovery at follow-up, independent of baseline symptom severity. Longer DAP showed a similar predictive effect, but this relationship was accounted for by M100. Regressions revealed M100 predictions were mostly related to general psychopathology. Identical results were found for N100 measured with EEG. Temporal lobe dysfunction in FEP, especially poor auditory sensory processing, indicates a worse recovery trajectory in general psychopathology. Longer untreated psychosis worsens temporal lobe function, predicting poorer progression. N100 measured with EEG and a single-tone task could be a cost-effective tool for informing clinicians about overall symptom progression, guiding treatment resource allocation and interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative modeling of brain MRI data identifies small subcortical volumes and associations with cognitive function in youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)","authors":"Blake A. Gimbel ,&nbsp;Donovan J. Roediger ,&nbsp;Mary E. Anthony ,&nbsp;Abigail M. Ernst ,&nbsp;Kent A. Tuominen ,&nbsp;Bryon A. Mueller ,&nbsp;Erik de Water ,&nbsp;Madeline N. Rockhold ,&nbsp;CIFASD,&nbsp;Jeffrey R. Wozniak","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To quantify regional subcortical brain volume anomalies in youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), assess the relative sensitivity and specificity of abnormal volumes in FASD vs. a comparison group, and examine associations with cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants: 47 children with FASD and 39 typically-developing comparison participants, ages 8–17 years, who completed physical evaluations, cognitive and behavioral testing, and an MRI brain scan. A large normative MRI dataset that controlled for sex, age, and intracranial volume was used to quantify the developmental status of 7 bilateral subcortical regional volumes. Z-scores were calculated based on volumetric differences from the normative sample. T-tests compared subcortical volumes across groups. Percentages of atypical volumes are reported as are sensitivity and specificity in discriminating groups. Lastly, Pearson correlations examined the relationships between subcortical volumes and neurocognitive performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with FASD demonstrated lower mean volumes across a majority of subcortical regions relative to the comparison group with prominent group differences in the bilateral hippocampi and bilateral caudate. More individuals with FASD (89%) had one or more abnormally small volume compared to 72% of the comparison group. The bilateral hippocampi, bilateral putamen, and right pallidum were most sensitive in discriminating those with FASD from the comparison group. Exploratory analyses revealed associations between subcortical volumes and cognitive functioning that differed across groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this sample, youth with FASD had a greater number of atypically small subcortical volumes than individuals without FASD. Findings suggest MRI may have utility in identifying individuals with structural brain anomalies resulting from PAE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex hormones shape EEG-based functional connectivity in early-stage Parkinson’s disease patients","authors":"Matteo Conti ,&nbsp;Roberta Bovenzi ,&nbsp;Mariangela Pierantozzi ,&nbsp;Clara Simonetta ,&nbsp;Valerio Ferrari ,&nbsp;Jacopo Bissacco ,&nbsp;Rocco Cerroni ,&nbsp;Claudio Liguori ,&nbsp;Francesca Di Giuliano ,&nbsp;Nicola Biagio Mercuri ,&nbsp;Tommaso Schirinzi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Stefani","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) epidemiology and clinical features are sexually dimorphic. However, there are no data based on EEG functional connectivity (FC). Likewise, the contribution of sex hormones on brain FC has never been evaluated. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between biological sex and sex hormones on cortical FC changes in PD using high-density EEG. This study involved 69 early-stage PD patients (F/M 27/42) and 69 age-matched healthy controls (HC) (F/M 30/39). Sex hormone levels (total-testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)) were assessed in PD patients. Data were recorded with a 64-channel EEG system. Source reconstruction method was used to identify brain activity. Cortico-cortical FC was analysed based on the weighted phase-lag index (wPLI) in θ-α-β-low γ bands. Network-based statistic (NBS) was used to compare FC between genders in HC and PD and to study the relationship between FC and sex hormones in PD. PD exhibited a hypoconnected network at θ and α bands and a hyperconnected network at β band compared to HC. Male HC showed a hyperconnected network at α-band compared to female HC. Conversely, males with PD showed a hypoconnected network at α-band compared to females with PD. In females and males with PD, E2 positively correlated with α-FC, while gonadotropins positively correlated with β-FC. TT positively correlated with the θ-FC only in males. Sex hormones shape EEG-FC in both males and females with PD, supporting their major influence on PD pathophysiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depth-electrode stimulation and concurrent functional MRI in humans: Factors influencing heating with body coil transmission","authors":"Hiroyuki Oya ,&nbsp;Ralph Adolphs ,&nbsp;Matthew A. Howard ,&nbsp;J. Michael Tyszka","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrical-stimulation fMRI (es-fMRI) combines direct stimulation of the brain via implanted electrodes with simultaneous rapid functional magnetic resonance imaging of the evoked response. Widely used to map effective functional connectivity in animal studies, its application to the human brain has been limited due to safety concerns. In particular, the method requires reliable prediction and minimization of local tissue heating close to the electrodes, which will vary with imaging parameters and hardware configurations. Electrode leads for such experiments typically remain connected to stimulators outside the magnet room and cannot therefore be treated as electrically short at the radio frequencies employed for 1.5 T and 3 T fMRI. The potential for significant absorption and scattering of radiofrequency energy from excitation pulses during imaging is therefore a major concern. We report a series of temperature measurements conducted in human brain phantoms at two independent imaging centers to characterize factors effecting RF heating of electrically long leads with body coil transmission at 3 Tesla for temporal RMS RF transmit fields (<span><math><msub><mfenced><mrow><msubsup><mi>B</mi><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>+</mo></msubsup></mrow></mfenced><mrow><mi>rms</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) up to 3.5 µT including multiband echo planar imaging and 3D T2w turbo spin echo imaging. Under all conditions tested, with one exception, the temperature rise measured immediately adjacent to electrode contacts in a head-torso phantom with body coil RF transmission was less than 0.75 °C. We provide detailed quantification across a range of configurations and conclude with specific recommendations for cable routing that will help ensure the safety of es-fMRI in humans and provide essential data to institutional review boards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of valproate use and hippocampal atrophy in idiopathic generalized epilepsy","authors":"Xiang Huang ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiuxing Lin ,&nbsp;Kailing Huang ,&nbsp;Yuming Li ,&nbsp;Peiwen Liu ,&nbsp;Danyang Cao ,&nbsp;Wenhao Li ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Xiuli Li ,&nbsp;Qiyong Gong ,&nbsp;Dong Zhou ,&nbsp;Dongmei An","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Recent studies revealed the effect of valproate (VPA) on brain structural changes in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). We aimed to investigate the volume of the entire hippocampus and subfields in patients with IGE, and explored their associations with VPA use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 211 patients with IGE and 97 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent T1-weighted images. Each hippocampus was segmented into seven subfields using HippUnfold. The volumes of bilateral hippocampi and each hippocampal subfield were evaluated. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to identify VPA use related abnormalities in IGE. Subgroup analyses for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), epilepsy with generalized tonic–clonic seizures alone (GTCA), and absence epilepsy (AE) were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The volumes of bilateral hippocampi were reduced in IGE compared with HCs. Subgroup analysis showed significant volume reductions in right hippocampus and its subfields in GTCA. Additionally, significant volume reductions were detected in bilateral hippocampal volumes and subfields in IGE patients currently taking VPA compared with HCs. A negative correlation was observed between the left CA2 volume and the age of onset.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed volume reductions in bilateral hippocampi in IGE, as well as in the right hippocampus and its subfields in GTCA. Abnormalities in both subfields and the whole hippocampus were associated with VPA use. These findings suggest that VPA may have more extensive neuroanatomical effects in IGE, potentially accounting for the heterogeneity observed in neuroimaging studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and signal features of white matter integrity and associations with clinical factors: A CARDIA brain MRI study","authors":"Faezeh Vedaei ,&nbsp;Dhivya Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Drew Parker ,&nbsp;Guray Erus ,&nbsp;Sudipto Dolui ,&nbsp;Farzaneh A. Sorond ,&nbsp;David R. Jacobs Jr ,&nbsp;Lenore J. Launer ,&nbsp;Daniel T. Lackland ,&nbsp;Christos Davatzikos ,&nbsp;R.Nick Bryan ,&nbsp;Ilya M. Nasrallah","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) may be indicative of age-related cerebrovascular diseases and contribute to cognitive and functional decline. Normal appearing WM (NAWM) adjacent to WMH, termed “penumbra,” is known to be vulnerable to future WMH pathology. WM integrity can be evaluated using multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities. We aimed to identify MRI features predictive of WMH growth and to compare the implications of these features based on spatial proximity to existing WMH versus signal features in baseline NAWM. We used baseline and 5-year follow-up MRI scans in 485 middle-aged participants form the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA). Multimodal MRI at baseline, including fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and cerebral blood flow (CBF), was measured within WM ROIs including baseline WMH and regions that later developed into new WMH, within and external to the baseline penumbra. Overall, we found that 80% of new WMH appeared within the baseline penumbra. We also found lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and CBF and higher FLAIR and median diffusivity (MD) in NAWM at baseline in regions with subsequent WMH growth compared to those without WMH growth. For NAWM regions defined by signal features, subthreshold FA and suprathreshold MD and FLAIR abnormality at baseline were the most robust predictors of WMH growth. Baseline systolic blood pressure had significant associations with baseline abnormalities in NAWM and subsequently with cognitive decline, particularly for FA and MD measures. The findings support the use of DTI as the predictor of WMH growth, which is correlated with subtle, adverse WM alterations and cognitive function years before developing to WMH. The results may contribute to future clinical trials aimed at preserving WM integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}