Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Correspondence: Inaccurate reference leads to tripling of reported FND prevalence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158223002280/pdfft?md5=7be2ad3e60bc6d926b4da2173575b7e7&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158223002280-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging alternations in suicide attempts individuals and their association with gene expression","authors":"Yurong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yujing Zhou ,&nbsp;Yingying Xie ,&nbsp;Junzi Zhou ,&nbsp;Mengjing Cai ,&nbsp;Jie Tang ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Juanwei Ma ,&nbsp;Huaigui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has shown brain activity alterations in individuals with a history of attempted suicide (SA) who are diagnosed with depression disorder (DD) or bipolar disorder (BD). However, patterns of spontaneous brain activity and their genetic correlations need further investigation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A voxel-based meta-analysis of 19 studies including 26 datasets, involving 742 patients with a history of SA and 978 controls (both nonsuicidal patients and healthy controls) was conducted. We examined fMRI changes in SA patients and analyzed the association between these changes and gene expression profiles using data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas by partial least squares regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>SA patients demonstrated increased spontaneous brain activity in several brain regions including the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, and right insula, and decreased activity in areas like the bilateral paracentral lobule and inferior frontal gyrus. Additionally, 5,077 genes were identified, exhibiting expression patterns associated with SA-related fMRI alterations. Functional enrichment analyses demonstrated that these SA-related genes were enriched for biological functions including glutamatergic synapse and mitochondrial structure. Concurrently, specific expression analyses showed that these genes were specifically expressed in the brain tissue, in neurons cells, and during early developmental periods.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest a neurobiological basis for fMRI abnormalities in SA patients with DD or BD, potentially guiding future genetic and therapeutic research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000846/pdfft?md5=56e252b53890b72e28938425d4c6c178&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000846-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of cannabis abstinence on cognition and resting state network activity in people with multiple sclerosis: A preliminary study","authors":"Cecilia Meza ,&nbsp;Cristiana Stefan ,&nbsp;W. Richard Staines ,&nbsp;Anthony Feinstein","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We previously reported that people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) who have been using cannabis frequently over many years can have significant cognitive improvements accompanied by concomitant task-specific changes in brain activation following 28 days of cannabis abstinence. We now hypothesize that the default Mode Network (DMN), known to modulate cognition, would also show an improved pattern of activation align with cognitive improvement following 28 days of drug abstinence. Thirty three cognitively impaired pwMS who were frequent cannabis users underwent a neuropsychological assessment and fMRI at baseline. Individuals were then assigned to a cannabis continuation (CC, n = 15) or withdrawal (CW, n = 18) group and the cognitive and imaging assessments were repeated after 28 days. Compliance with cannabis withdrawal was checked with regular urine monitoring. Following acquisition of resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI), data were processed using independent component analysis (ICA) to identify the DMN spatial map. Between and within group analyses were carried out using dual regression for voxel-wise comparisons of the DMN. Clusters of voxels were considered statistically significant if they survived threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) correction at p &lt; 0.05. The two groups were well matched demographically and neurologically at baseline. The dual regression analysis revealed no between group differences at baseline in the DMN. By day 28, the CW group in comparison to the CC group had increased activation in the left posterior cingulate, and right, angular gyrus (p &lt; 0.05 for both, TFCE). A within group analysis for the CC group revealed no changes in resting state (RS) networks. Within group analysis of the CW group revealed increased activation at day 28 versus baseline in the left posterior cingulate, right angular gyrus, left hippocampus (BA 36), and the right medial prefrontal cortex (p &lt; 0.05). The CW group showed significant improvements in multiple cognitive domains. In summary, our study revealed that abstaining from cannabis for 28 days reverses activation of DMN activity in pwMS in association with improved cognition across several domains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103622"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000615/pdfft?md5=d9bdc95e60dc5908dfaa506569befb19&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the Letter Concerning the Publication: Neuroimaging in Functional Neurological Disorder: State of the Field and Research Agenda. Perez DL et al. Neuroimage Clin. 2021;30:102623","authors":"David L. Perez ,&nbsp;Timothy R. Nicholson ,&nbsp;Ali A. Asadi-Pooya ,&nbsp;Matthew Butler ,&nbsp;Alan J. Carson ,&nbsp;Anthony S. David ,&nbsp;Quinton Deeley ,&nbsp;Ibai Diez ,&nbsp;Mark J. Edwards ,&nbsp;Alberto J. Espay ,&nbsp;Jeannette M. Gelauff ,&nbsp;Johannes Jungilligens ,&nbsp;Mark Hallett ,&nbsp;Richard A.A. Kanaan ,&nbsp;Marina A.J. Tijssen ,&nbsp;Kasia Kozlowska ,&nbsp;W. Curt LaFrance Jr ,&nbsp;Ramesh S. Marapin ,&nbsp;Carine W. Maurer ,&nbsp;Antje A.T.S. Reinders ,&nbsp;Selma Aybek","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103573"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000123/pdfft?md5=204a8ef614e6cdf3453e1db622844587&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the merits and potential of advanced neuroimaging techniques in COVID-19: A scoping review","authors":"Noa van der Knaap ,&nbsp;Marcel J.H. Ariës ,&nbsp;Iwan C.C. van der Horst ,&nbsp;Jacobus F.A. Jansen","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are suffering from long-term neuropsychological sequelae. These patients may benefit from a better understanding of the underlying neuropathophysiological mechanisms and identification of potential biomarkers and treatment targets. Structural clinical neuroimaging techniques have limited ability to visualize subtle cerebral abnormalities and to investigate brain function. This scoping review assesses the merits and potential of advanced neuroimaging techniques in COVID-19 using literature including advanced neuroimaging or postmortem analyses in adult COVID-19 patients published from the start of the pandemic until December 2023. Findings were summarized according to distinct categories of reported cerebral abnormalities revealed by different imaging techniques. Although no unified COVID-19-specific pattern could be subtracted, a broad range of cerebral abnormalities were revealed by advanced neuroimaging (likely attributable to hypoxic, vascular, and inflammatory pathology), even in absence of structural clinical imaging findings. These abnormalities are validated by postmortem examinations. This scoping review emphasizes the added value of advanced neuroimaging compared to structural clinical imaging and highlights implications for brain functioning and long-term consequences in COVID-19.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 103589"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000287/pdfft?md5=eccc069183d7afa5cd550c1fc32aaac6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000287-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive clinical and imaging trajectories in SWEDD and Parkinson’s disease patients","authors":"Cecilia Boccalini ,&nbsp;Nicolas Nicastro ,&nbsp;Daniela Perani ,&nbsp;Valentina Garibotto","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A proportion of patients clinically diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD) can have a ¹²³I-FP-CIT-SPECT scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD), generating a debate about the underlying biological mechanisms. This study investigated differences in clinical features, ¹²³I-FP-CIT binding, molecular connectivity, as well as clinical and imaging progression between SWEDD and PD patients.</p><p>We included 36 SWEDD, 49 de novo idiopathic PD, and 49 healthy controls with ¹²³I-FP-CIT-SPECT from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative. Clinical and imaging 2-year follow-ups were available for 27 SWEDD and 40 PD. Regional-based and voxel-wise analysis assessed dopaminergic integrity in dorsal and ventral striatal, as well as extrastriatal regions, at baseline and follow-up. Molecular connectivity analyses evaluated dopaminergic pathways. Spatial correlation analyses tested whether ¹²³I-FP-CIT-binding alterations would also pertain to the serotoninergic system.</p><p>SWEDD and PD patients showed comparable symptoms at baseline, except for hyposmia, which was more severe for PD. PD showed significantly lower striatal and extrastriatal ¹²³I-FP-CIT-binding compared to SWEDD and controls. SWEDD exhibited lower binding than controls in striatal regions, insula, and olfactory cortex. Both PD and SWEDD showed extensive altered connectivity of dopaminergic pathways, however, with major impairment in the mesocorticolimbic system for SWEDD. Motor symptoms and dopaminergic deficits worsened after 2 years for PD only.</p><p>The limited dopaminergic impairment and its stability over time observed for SWEDD, as well as the presence of extrastriatal ¹²³I-FP-CIT binding alterations and prevalent mesocorticolimbic connectivity impairment, suggest other mechanisms contributing to SWEDD pathophysiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 103592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000317/pdfft?md5=8a6d5a97ff53058ff801b76cb499ac2a&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000317-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140137874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressed patients with childhood maltreatment display altered intra- and inter-network resting state functional connectivity","authors":"Mónika Gálber ,&nbsp;Szilvia Anett Nagy ,&nbsp;Gergely Orsi ,&nbsp;Gábor Perlaki ,&nbsp;Maria Simon ,&nbsp;Boldizsár Czéh","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a major risk factor for the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). To gain more knowledge on how adverse childhood experiences influence the development of brain architecture, we studied functional connectivity (FC) alterations of neural networks of depressed patients with, or without the history of CM.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Depressed patients with severe childhood maltreatment (<em>n</em> = 18), MDD patients without maltreatment (<em>n</em> = 19), and matched healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 20) were examined with resting state functional MRI. History of maltreatment was assessed with the 28-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Intra- and inter-network FC alterations were evaluated using FMRIB Software Library and CONN toolbox.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found numerous intra- and inter-network FC alterations between the maltreated and the non-maltreated patients. Intra-network FC differences were found in the default mode, visual and auditory networks, and cerebellum. Network modelling revealed several inter-network FC alterations connecting the default mode network with the executive control, salience and cerebellar networks. Increased inter-network FC was found in maltreated patients between the sensory-motor and visual, cerebellar, default mode and salience networks.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Relatively small sample size, cross-sectional design, and retrospective self-report questionnaire to assess adverse childhood experiences.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings confirm that severely maltreated depressed patients display numerous alterations of intra- and inter-network FC strengths, not only in their fronto-limbic circuits, but also in sensory-motor, visual, auditory, and cerebellar networks. These functional alterations may explain that maltreated individuals typically display altered perception and are prone to develop functional neurological symptom disorder (conversion disorder) in adulthood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103632"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000718/pdfft?md5=a97c5d34105fe2b943bc524d2688fcac&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000718-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex relationships of socioeconomic status with vascular and Alzheimer’s pathways on cognition","authors":"Dror Shir ,&nbsp;Jonathan Graff-Radford ,&nbsp;Angela J. Fought ,&nbsp;Timothy G. Lesnick ,&nbsp;Scott A. Przybelski ,&nbsp;Maria Vassilaki ,&nbsp;Val J. Lowe ,&nbsp;David S. Knopman ,&nbsp;Mary M. Machulda ,&nbsp;Ronald C. Petersen ,&nbsp;Clifford R. Jack Jr ,&nbsp;Michelle M. Mielke ,&nbsp;Prashanthi Vemuri","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>AD and CVD, which frequently co-occur, are leading causes of age-related cognitive decline. We assessed how demographic factors, socioeconomic status (SES) as indicated by education and occupation, vascular risk factors, and a range of biomarkers associated with both CVD (including white matter hyperintensities [WMH], diffusion MRI abnormalities, infarctions, and microbleeds) and AD (comprising amyloid-PET and tau-PET) collectively influence cognitive function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this cross-sectional population study, structural equation models were utilized to understand these associations in 449 participants (mean age (SD) = 74.5 (8.4) years; 56% male; 7.5% cognitively impaired).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>(1) Higher SES had a protective effect on cognition with mediation through the vascular pathway. (2) The effect of amyloid directly on cognition and through tau was 11-fold larger than the indirect effect of amyloid on cognition through WMH. (3) There is a significant effect of vascular risk on tau deposition.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The utilized biomarkers captured the impact of CVD and AD on cognition. The overall effect of vascular risk and SES on these biomarkers are complex and need further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000731/pdfft?md5=bbb674bc789a2e4e0969fdcde6162a16&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000731-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141415484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative comparison of CSVD imaging markers between patients with possible amyloid small vessel disease and with non-amyloid small vessel disease","authors":"Chun-Qiang Lu ,&nbsp;Ying Liu ,&nbsp;Jia-Rong Huang ,&nbsp;Meng-Shuang Li ,&nbsp;Yan-Shuang Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Gu ,&nbsp;Di Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spatial distribution patterns of cerebral microbleeds are associated with different types of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This study aims to examine the disparities in brain imaging markers of CSVD among patients diagnosed with possible amyloid and non-amyloid small vessel disease. The head MR scans including susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) sequences from 351 patients at our institute were collected for analysis. CSVD imaging markers were quantified or graded across various CSVD dimensions in the patient images. Patients were categorized into the cerebral amyloid angiopathy group (CAA), hypertensive arteriopathy group (HA), or mixed small vessel disease group (Mixed), based on the spatial distribution of microbleeds. White matter lesions (WML) were segmented using an artificial neural network and assessed via a voxel-wise approach. Significant differences were observed among the three groups in several indices: microbleed count, lacune count at the centrum semiovale and basal ganglia levels, grade of enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) at the basal ganglia, and white matter lesion volume. These indices were substantially higher in the Mixed group compared to the other groups. Additionally, the incidences of cerebral hemorrhages (χ2 = 7.659, <em>P</em> = 0.006) and recent small subcortical infarcts (χ2 = 4.660, <em>P</em> = 0.031) were significantly more frequent in the HA group than in the CAA group. These results indicate that mixed spatial distribution patterns of microbleeds demonstrated the highest burden of cerebral small vessel disease. Microbleeds located in the deep brain regions were associated with a higher incidence of recent small subcortical infarcts and cerebral hemorrhages compared to those in the cortical areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 103681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual-level analysis of MRI T2 relaxometry in mild traumatic brain injury: Possible indications of brain inflammation","authors":"Mayan J. Bedggood ,&nbsp;Christi A. Essex ,&nbsp;Alice Theadom ,&nbsp;Samantha J. Holdsworth ,&nbsp;Richard L.M. Faull ,&nbsp;Mangor Pedersen","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), often called concussion, is a prevalent condition that can have significant implications for people’s health, functioning and well-being. Current clinical practice relies on self-reported symptoms to guide decision-making regarding return to sport, employment, and education. Unfortunately, reliance on subjective evaluations may fail to accurately reflect the resolution of neuropathology, exposing individuals with mTBI to an increased risk of further head trauma. No objective technique currently exists to assess the microstructural alterations to brain tissue which characterise mTBI. MRI-based T2 relaxation is a quantitative imaging technique that is susceptible to detecting fluid properties in the brain and is hypothesised to indicate neuroinflammation. This study aimed to investigate the potential of individual-level T2 relaxometry to evaluate cellular damage from mTBI. 20 male participants with acute sports-related mTBI (within 14 days post-injury) and 44 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Each mTBI participant’s voxel-wise T2 relaxometry map was analysed against healthy control averages using a voxel-wise z-test with false discovery rate correction. Five participants were re-scanned after clinical recovery and results were compared to their acute T2 relaxometry maps to assess reduction in potential neuroinflammation. T2 relaxation times were significantly increased in 19/20 (95 %) mTBI participants compared to healthy controls, in regions including the hippocampus, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, insula, cingulate cortex and cerebellum. Results suggest the presence of increased cerebral fluid in individuals with mTBI. Longitudinal results indicated a reduction in T2 relaxation for all five participants, indicating a possible resolution over time. This research highlights the potential of individual-level T2 relaxometry MRI as a non-invasive method for assessing subtle brain pathology in mTBI. Identifying and monitoring changes in the fluid content in the brain could aid in predicting recovery and developing individualised treatment plans for individuals with mTBI. Future research should validate this measure with other markers of inflammation (e.g. from blood biomarkers) to test whether T2-relaxometry is related to subtle brain inflammation in mTBI. In addition, future research should utilise larger control groups to establish normative ranges and compute robust z-score analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315822400086X/pdfft?md5=5bdb5241589bf00c8168d012e1dcc76d&pid=1-s2.0-S221315822400086X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}