Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"The connection of motor improvement after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease and microstructural integrity of the substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus","authors":"Marco G. Hermann ,&nbsp;Nils Schröter ,&nbsp;Alexander Rau ,&nbsp;Marco Reisert ,&nbsp;Nadja Jarc ,&nbsp;Michel Rijntjes ,&nbsp;Jonas A. Hosp ,&nbsp;Peter C. Reinacher ,&nbsp;Wolfgang H. Jost ,&nbsp;Horst Urbach ,&nbsp;Cornelius Weiller ,&nbsp;Volker A. Coenen ,&nbsp;Bastian E.A. Sajonz","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Nigrostriatal microstructural integrity has been suggested as a biomarker for levodopa response in Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is a strong predictor for motor response to deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). This study aimed to explore the impact of microstructural integrity of the substantia nigra (SN), STN, and putamen on motor response to STN-DBS using diffusion microstructure imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data was collected from 23 PD patients (mean age 63 ± 7, 6 females) who underwent STN-DBS, had preoperative 3 T diffusion magnetic resonance imaging including multishell diffusion-weighted MRI with b-values of 1000 and 2000 s/mm² and records of motor improvement available.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The association between a poorer DBS-response and increased free interstitial fluid showed notable effect sizes (rho &gt; |0.4|) in SN and STN, but not in putamen. However, this did not reach significance after Bonferroni correction and controlling for sex and age.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Microstructural integrity of SN and STN are potential biomarkers for the prediction of therapy efficacy following STN-DBS, but further studies are required to confirm these associations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000469/pdfft?md5=dda85fff005551ad56bc475827a98f7a&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra- and Inter-Network connectivity of the default mode network differentiates Treatment-Resistant depression from Treatment-Sensitive depression","authors":"Ana Rita Barreiros ,&nbsp;Isabella A. Breukelaar ,&nbsp;Amourie Prentice ,&nbsp;Prashanth Mayur ,&nbsp;Yoshiro Tomimatsu ,&nbsp;Kenta Funayama ,&nbsp;Sheryl Foster ,&nbsp;Gin S. Malhi ,&nbsp;Martijn Arns ,&nbsp;Anthony Harris ,&nbsp;Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding why some patients with depression remain resistant to antidepressant medication could be elucidated by investigating their associated neural features. Although research has consistently demonstrated abnormalities in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) – a region that is part of the default mode network (DMN) − in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a considerable research gap exists in discerning how these neural networks distinguish TRD from treatment-sensitive depression (TSD). We aimed to evaluate the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the ACC with other regions of the DMN to better understand the role of this structure in the pathophysiology of TRD. 35 TRD patients, 35 TSD patients, and 38 healthy controls (HC) underwent a resting-state functional MRI protocol. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses were performed, comparing the three groups for the connectivity between two subregions of the ACC (the subgenual ACC (sgACC) and the rostral ACC (rACC)) and the DMN (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 FWE corrected). Furthermore, inter-network connectivity of the DMN with other neural networks was explored by independent component (ICA) analyses (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01, FDR corrected). The results demonstrated hyperconnectivity between the rACC and the posterior cingulate cortex in TRD relative to TSD and HC (F(2,105) = 5.335, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). ICA found DMN connectivity to regions of the visual network (TRD&lt;TSD) and a parietal region of the DMN (TRD&gt;TSD), differentiating the two clinical groups. These results provide confirmatory evidence of DMN hyperconnectivity and preliminary evidence for its interactions with other neural networks as key neural mechanisms underlying treatment non-responsiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000950/pdfft?md5=5654c168431acc8247d1c17d11992568&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000950-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between clinical features and decreased degree centrality and variability in dynamic functional connectivity in the obsessive–compulsive disorder","authors":"Changjun Teng ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Da Zhang ,&nbsp;XiaoMeng Shi ,&nbsp;Xin Wu ,&nbsp;Huifen Qiao ,&nbsp;Chengbin Guan ,&nbsp;Xiao Hu ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuroimaging studies have indicated widespread brain structural and functional disruptions in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the underlying mechanism of these changes remains unclear. A total of 45 patients with OCD and 42 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The study investigated local degree centrality (DC) abnormalities and employed abnormal regions of DC as seeds to investigate variability in dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) in the whole brain using a sliding window approach to analyze resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The relationship between abnormal DC and dFC as well as the clinical features of OCD were examined using correlation analysis. Our findings suggested decreased DC in the bilateral thalamus, bilateral precuneus, and bilateral cuneus in OCD patients and a nominally negative correlation between the DC value in the thalamus and illness severity measured using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). In addition, seed-based dFC analysis showed that compared to measurements in the HC, the patients had decreased dFC variability between the left thalamus and the left cuneus and right lingual gyrus, and between the bilateral cuneus and bilateral postcentral gyrus, and a nominally positive correlation between the duration of illness and dFC variability between the left cuneus and left postcentral gyrus. These results indicated that OCD patients had decreased hub importance in the bilateral thalamus and cuneus throughout the entire brain. This reduction was associated with impaired coupling with dynamic function in the visual cortex and sensorimotor network and provided novel insights into the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying OCD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224001049/pdfft?md5=ded3825680b2cc1dce3b0114353c375d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224001049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scanner-specific optimisation of automated lesion segmentation in MS","authors":"David R. van Nederpelt ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Pontillo ,&nbsp;Mar Barrantes-Cepas ,&nbsp;Iman Brouwer ,&nbsp;Eva M.M. Strijbis ,&nbsp;Menno M. Schoonheim ,&nbsp;Bastiaan Moraal ,&nbsp;Bas Jasperse ,&nbsp;Henk-Jan M.M. Mutsaerts ,&nbsp;Joep Killestein ,&nbsp;Frederik Barkhof ,&nbsp;Joost P.A. Kuijer ,&nbsp;Hugo Vrenken","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Objective</h3><div>Automatic lesion segmentation techniques on MRI scans of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) could support lesion detection and segmentation in trials and clinical practice. However, knowledge on their reliability across scanners is limited, hampering clinical implementation. The aim of this study was to investigate the within-scanner repeatability and between-scanner reproducibility of lesion segmentation tools in pwMS across three different scanners and examine their accuracy compared to manual segmentations with and without optimization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>30 pwMS underwent a scan and rescan on three MRI scanners. GE Discovery MR750 (3.0 T), Siemens Sola (1.5 T) and Siemens Vida (3.0 T)). 3D-FLuid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (3D-FLAIR) and 3D T1-weighted scans were acquired on each scanner. Lesion segmentation involved preprocessing and automatic segmentation using the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox (LST) and nicMSlesions (nicMS) as well as manual segmentation. Both automated segmentation techniques were used with default settings, and with settings optimized to match manual segmentations for each <em>scanner specifically</em> and <em>combined</em> for the three scanners. LST settings were optimized by adjusting the threshold to improve the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) for each scanner separately and a combined threshold for all scanners. For nicMS the last layers were retrained, once with the multi-scanner data to represent a combined optimization and once separately for each scanner for scanner specific optimization. Volumes and counts were extracted. DSC was calculated for accuracy, and reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Differences in DSC between software was tested with a repeated measures ANOVA and when appropriate post-hoc paired t-tests using Bonferroni correction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Scanner-specific optimization significantly improved DSC for LST compared to default and combined settings, except for the GE scanner. NicMS showed significantly higher DSC for both the scanner-specific and combined optimization than default. Within-scanner repeatability was excellent (ICC&gt;0.9) for volume and counts. Between-scanner ICC for volume between Vida and Sola was higher (0.94–0.99) than between GE MR750 and Vida or Sola (0.18–0.93), with improved ICCs for nicMS scanner-specific (0.87–0.93) compared to others (0.18–0.79). This was not present for Sola vs. Vida where all ICCs were excellent (&gt;0.94).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Scanner-specific optimization strategies proved effective in mitigating inter-scanner variability, addressing the issue of insufficient reproducibility and accuracy found with default settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothalamic atrophy and structural covariance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia","authors":"Hannah Pecher ,&nbsp;Melanie Storch ,&nbsp;Frauke Beyer ,&nbsp;Veronica Witte ,&nbsp;Christian-Frank Baasner ,&nbsp;Peter Schönknecht ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Weise ,&nbsp;for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and specific brain atrophy patterns, primarily involving the medial temporal lobes. A number of studies have discussed hypothalamic involvement in AD with consecutive metabolic and/or autonomic disturbances yet only few studies have investigated hypothalamic atrophy in AD and its early stages in particular. <em>Methods:</em> We applied semi-automated volumetry of the hypothalamus (HTH) in 3 T MRI in a sample N = 175 participants [age 74.9 ± 7.22; gender 85 m/90f; cognitively normal controls (CN; N = 56); amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI; N = 78); AD (N = 41)] from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). In addition, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM), cortical thickness (CTH) analyses and source-based morphometry (SBM) derived networks of structural covariance to investigate brain structural covariance patterns of the HTH under consideration of diagnostic groups, β-amyloid (AB) positivity and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status. <em>Results:</em> Hypothalamic atrophy was observed in both early and advanced disease stages (i.e. hypothalamic volume CN &gt; MCI &gt; AD). VBM, CTH analysis and SBM revealed positive associations between hypothalamic volume (HV) and AD-vulnerable regions, largely corresponding to the Papez circuit and brain regions implicated in autonomic regulation, however, group differences regarding HTH structural covariance were not observed. Similar observations were made in carriers and non-carriers of the ε4 allele, yet more pronounced in ε4 carriers. Although not reaching significance, comparisons of AB positive vs. negative subjects indicated stronger HTH atrophy in biomarker positive participants. HV was not associated with body mass index or longitudinal weight change. <em>Conclusions</em>: Our findings support early structural changes of the HTH in AD. HV covaries with regional volumes of AD-vulnerable regions. This could point to secondary atrophy of the HTH following atrophy of the hippocampus and other structures of the Papez circuit in AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cognitive Landscapes: Longitudinal Dynamics of left insula gliomas using neuropsychological inquiry, fMRI, and intra-resection real time neuropsychological testing","authors":"Elisa Cargnelutti ,&nbsp;Marta Maieron ,&nbsp;Serena D’Agostini ,&nbsp;Tamara Ius ,&nbsp;Miran Skrap ,&nbsp;Barbara Tomasino","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explored the functional outcome following awake surgery and Real-Time Neuropsychological Testing (RTNT) in the left insula. We carried out a longitudinal investigation by comparing the patients’ language profile, and, in particular, the object-naming skills and the associated fMRI network, of pre-surgery and follow-up (i.e., a few months after surgery) in a group of 23 patients harboring a left-sided low grade glioma centered to the insulo-temporal area.</div><div>Tumor resection, performed while continuously monitoring patients’ performance by RNTN, was high (median = 92 %). From the neuropsychological viewpoint, almost all patients displayed preserved naming and language skills in general, both before surgery and at follow-up, when they recovered from a transient impairment recorded immediately after surgery. From the functional imaging viewpoint, the naming networks of the two assessment times were almost equivalent, with non-parametric analyses showing brain remodeling involving perilesional areas preoperatively and the contralesional, healthy, insula at follow-up.</div><div>We discussed the anatomo-functional mechanisms that contributed to the preservation of the functional and cognitive pattern as observed in this longitudinal study, with a particular focus on the promising plasticity potential of the left insular area. In particular, we commented that, at least in our patient series and by applying an optimized surgical procedure, surgery in the insula was safe and generally contributed to the preservation of the language functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced brain connectivity underlying value-based choices and outcomes in stimulant use disorder","authors":"Liam J. Nestor ,&nbsp;Tsen Vei Lim ,&nbsp;Trevor W. Robbins ,&nbsp;Karen D. Ersche","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>BACKGROUND: Patients with stimulant use disorder (SUD) show impairments when making value-based choices that are associated with disruptions in neural processing across brain networks. Making optimal choices requires learning from outcomes to update knowledge and further optimise ongoing behaviour. The optimal functioning of neural systems that underpin the ability to make favourable choices is an essential component for life functioning, and successful recovery in patients with SUD. Therefore, we sought to investigate the neural processes that underpin value-based choices in SUD patients. We hypothesise that patients with SUD have reduced functional connectivity while making financial choices during a probabilistic reinforcement learning task. <strong>METHODS:</strong> We investigated connectivity associated with loss and reward value-based choices and their outcomes in patients with SUD and healthy control participants during a pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging study. Participants received a single dose of a dopamine receptor agonist, pramipexole, and a dopamine receptor antagonist, amisulpride, in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced, crossover design. Functional task-related connectivity was analysed taking a whole brain connectomics approach to identify networks that are differentially modulated by dopaminergic receptor functioning. <strong>RESULTS:</strong> SUD patients showed widespread reductions in connectivity during both reward and loss value-based choices and outcomes, which were negatively correlated with the duration of stimulant drug use. Disturbances to functional brain connectivity in SUD patients during task performance were not modulated acutely by either amisulpride or pramipexole. <strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Reductions in brain connectivity, particularly when making value-based choices and processing outcomes, may underlie learning impairments in SUD patients. Given that acute dopaminergic modulation did not improve brain connectivity impairments in SUD patients, it is likely that alternative treatments are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical morphological alterations in adolescents with major depression and non-suicidal self-injury","authors":"Xiaonan Pang ,&nbsp;Dongpeng Wu ,&nbsp;Hongping Wang ,&nbsp;Jiahua Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Yu ,&nbsp;Yue Zhao ,&nbsp;Qianqian Li ,&nbsp;Liangping Ni ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Dai Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanghua Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves repetitive self-harm without suicidal intent and is common among adolescents, often linked to major depressive disorder (MDD). NSSI can lead to physical harm, cognitive impairments, interpersonal issues, violent behavior, and increased risks of psychological disorders and suicide attempts later in life.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) were performed on 44 NSSI patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs). Differences in GMV, CT, and cortical complexity were compared using the two-sample <em>t</em>-tests and correlated with neuropsychological scales.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NSSI patients exhibited significant GMV atrophy in multiple regions, including the left insula, left anterior cingulate cortex, left putamen, left middle frontal gyrus, and right superior frontal gyrus showing increased GMV in the cerebellum posterior lobe. NSSI patients had increased CT in multiple left hemisphere regions and decreased CT in the right middle frontal gyrus. Additionally, they exhibited reduced cortical complexity, including decreased SD in the right frontal gyrus, and lower GI in the left insula. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of fractal dimension (FD). NSSI patients showed negative correlation between the CT of the right middle frontal gyrus and the anger dimension of the BPAQ, as well as the SD of the right superior frontal gyrus and the hostility dimension of the BPAQ.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NSSI patients have significant structural changes in the insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, precentral and postcentral gyrus, temporal lobe, putamen, and anterior cingulate cortex, offering a morphological perspective on the pathophysiology of NSSI in MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENIGMA’s simple seven: Recommendations to enhance the reproducibility of resting-state fMRI in traumatic brain injury","authors":"Karen Caeyenberghs ,&nbsp;Phoebe Imms ,&nbsp;Andrei Irimia ,&nbsp;Martin M. Monti ,&nbsp;Carrie Esopenko ,&nbsp;Nicola L. de Souza ,&nbsp;Juan F. Dominguez D ,&nbsp;Mary R. Newsome ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Dobryakova ,&nbsp;Andrew Cwiek ,&nbsp;Hollie A.C. Mullin ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Kim ,&nbsp;Andrew R. Mayer ,&nbsp;Maheen M. Adamson ,&nbsp;Kevin Bickart ,&nbsp;Katherine M. Breedlove ,&nbsp;Emily L. Dennis ,&nbsp;Seth G. Disner ,&nbsp;Courtney Haswell ,&nbsp;Cooper B. Hodges ,&nbsp;Frank G. Hillary","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) provides researchers and clinicians with a powerful tool to examine functional connectivity across large-scale brain networks, with ever-increasing applications to the study of neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). While rsfMRI holds unparalleled promise in systems neurosciences, its acquisition and analytical methodology across research groups is variable, resulting in a literature that is challenging to integrate and interpret. The focus of this narrative review is to address the primary methodological issues including investigator decision points in the application of rsfMRI to study the consequences of TBI. As part of the ENIGMA Brain Injury working group, we have collaborated to identify a minimum set of recommendations that are designed to produce results that are reliable, harmonizable, and reproducible for the TBI imaging research community. Part one of this review provides the results of a literature search of current rsfMRI studies of TBI, highlighting key design considerations and data processing pipelines. Part two outlines seven data acquisition, processing, and analysis recommendations with the goal of maximizing study reliability and between-site comparability, while preserving investigator autonomy. Part three summarizes new directions and opportunities for future rsfMRI studies in TBI patients. The goal is to galvanize the TBI community to gain consensus for a set of rigorous and reproducible methods, and to increase analytical transparency and data sharing to address the reproducibility crisis in the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315822400024X/pdfft?md5=208c8317d92a7532515481a6fb5a20db&pid=1-s2.0-S221315822400024X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurometabolic alterations in children and adolescents with functional neurological disorder","authors":"Molly Charney ,&nbsp;Sheryl Foster ,&nbsp;Vishwa Shukla ,&nbsp;Wufan Zhao ,&nbsp;Sam H. Jiang ,&nbsp;Kasia Kozlowska ,&nbsp;Alexander Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to investigate neurometabolic homeostasis in children with functional neurological disorder (FND) in three regions of interest: supplementary motor area (SMA), anterior default mode network (aDMN), and posterior default mode network (dDMN). Metabolites assessed included N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a marker of neuron function; myo-inositol (mI), a glial-cell marker; choline (Cho), a membrane marker; glutamate plus glutamine (Glx), a marker of excitatory neurotransmission; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a marker of inhibitor neurotransmission; and creatine (Cr), an energy marker. The relationship between excitatory (glutamate and glutamine) and inhibitory (GABA) neurotransmitter (E/I) balance was also examined.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MRS data were acquired for 32 children with mixed FND (25 girls, 7 boys, aged 10.00 to 16.08 years) and 41 healthy controls of similar age using both short echo point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) and Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy (MEGAPRESS) sequences in the three regions of interest.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the SMA, children with FND had lower NAA/Cr, mI/Cr (trend level), and GABA/Cr ratios. In the aDMN, no group differences in metabolite ratios were found. In the pDMN, children with FND had lower NAA/Cr and mI/Cr (trend level) ratios. While no group differences in E/I balance were found (FND vs. controls), E/I balance in the aDMN was lower in children with functional seizures—a subgroup within the FND group. Pearson correlations found that increased arousal (indexed by higher heart rate) was associated with lower mI/Cr in the SMA and pDMN.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings of multiple differences in neurometabolites in children with FND suggest dysfunction on multiple levels of the biological system: the neuron (lower NAA), the glial cell (lower mI), and inhibitory neurotransmission (lower GABA), as well as dysfunction in energy regulation in the subgroup with functional seizures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158223002486/pdfft?md5=1d2fd071b3ee130060577390401e81c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158223002486-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139028332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}