Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the efficacy of awake and sedated MEG to TMS in mapping hand sensorimotor cortex in a clinical cohort","authors":"Negar Noorizadeh ,&nbsp;Jackie Austin Varner ,&nbsp;Liliya Birg ,&nbsp;Theresa Williard ,&nbsp;Roozbeh Rezaie ,&nbsp;James Wheless ,&nbsp;Shalini Narayana","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-invasive methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) aid in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy or brain tumor to identify sensorimotor cortices. MEG requires sedation in children or patients with developmental delay. However, TMS can be applied to awake patients of all ages with any cognitive abilities. In this study, we compared the efficacy of TMS with MEG (in awake and sedated states) in identifying the hand sensorimotor areas in patients with epilepsy or brain tumors. We identified 153 patients who underwent awake- (n = 98) or sedated-MEG (n = 55), along with awake TMS for hand sensorimotor mapping as part of their pre-surgical evaluation. TMS involved stimulating the precentral gyrus and recording electromyography responses, while MEG identified the somatosensory cortex during median nerve stimulation. Awake-MEG had a success rate of 92.35 % and TMS had 99.49 % (p-value = 0.5517). However, in the sedated-MEG cohort, TMS success rate of 95.61 % was significantly higher compared to MEG’s 58.77 % (p-value = 0.0001). Factors affecting mapping success were analyzed. Logistic regression across the entire cohort identified patient sedation as the lone significant predictor, contrary to age, lesion, metal, and number of antiseizure medications (ASMs). A subsequent analysis replaced sedation with anesthetic drug dosage, revealing no significant predictors impacting somatosensory mapping success under sedation. This study yields insights into the utility of TMS and MEG in mapping hand sensorimotor cortices and underscores the importance of considering factors that influence eloquent cortex mapping limitations during sedation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103562"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000019/pdfft?md5=56206316987d486287d5a40883eee1d7&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000019-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered task-related decoupling of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in depression","authors":"Christine A. Leonards ,&nbsp;Ben J. Harrison ,&nbsp;Alec J. Jamieson ,&nbsp;James Agathos ,&nbsp;Trevor Steward ,&nbsp;Christopher G. Davey","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dysfunctional activity of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) – an extensively connected hub region of the default mode network – has been broadly linked to cognitive and affective impairments in depression. However, the nature of aberrant task-related rACC suppression in depression is incompletely understood. In this study, we sought to characterize functional connectivity of rACC activity suppression (‘deactivation’) – an essential feature of rACC function – during external task engagement in depression. Specifically, we aimed to explore neural patterns of functional decoupling and coupling with the rACC during its task-driven suppression. We enrolled 81 15- to 25-year-old young people with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder (MDD) before they commenced a 12-week clinical trial that assessed the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy plus either fluoxetine or placebo. Ninety-four matched healthy controls were also recruited. Participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging face matching task known to elicit rACC suppression. To identify brain regions associated with the rACC during its task-driven suppression, we employed a seed-based functional connectivity analysis. We found MDD participants, compared to controls, showed significantly reduced ‘decoupling’ of the rACC with extended task-specific regions during task performance. Specifically, less decoupling was observed in the occipital and fusiform gyrus, dorsal ACC, medial prefrontal cortex, cuneus, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus. Notably, impaired decoupling was apparent in participants who did not remit to treatment, but not treatment remitters. Further, we found MDD participants showed significant increased coupling with the anterior insula cortex during task engagement. Our findings indicate that aberrant task-related rACC suppression is associated with disruptions in adaptive neural communication and dynamic switching between internal and external cognitive modes that may underpin maladaptive cognitions and biased emotional processing in depression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000032/pdfft?md5=daf988d0068e31cce3fbf08619ff9f99&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000032-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtle microstructural alterations in white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing after very preterm birth","authors":"Ward Deferm ,&nbsp;Tiffany Tang ,&nbsp;Matthijs Moerkerke ,&nbsp;Nicky Daniels ,&nbsp;Jean Steyaert ,&nbsp;Kaat Alaerts ,&nbsp;Els Ortibus ,&nbsp;Gunnar Naulaers ,&nbsp;Bart Boets","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children born very preterm (VPT, &lt; 32 weeks of gestation) have an increased risk of developing socio-emotional difficulties. Possible neural substrates for these socio-emotional difficulties are alterations in the structural connectivity of the social brain due to premature birth. The objective of the current study was to study microstructural white matter integrity in VPT versus full-term (FT) born school-aged children along twelve white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing. Diffusion MRI scans were obtained from a sample of 35 VPT and 38 FT 8-to-12-year-old children. Tractography was performed using TractSeg, a state-of-the-art neural network-based approach, which offers investigation of detailed tract profiles of fractional anisotropy (FA). Group differences in FA along the tracts were investigated using both a traditional and complementary functional data analysis approach. Exploratory correlations were performed between the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2), a parent-report questionnaire assessing difficulties in social functioning, and FA along the tract. Both analyses showed significant reductions in FA for the VPT group along the middle portion of the right SLF I and an anterior portion of the left SLF II. These group differences possibly indicate altered white matter maturation due to premature birth and may contribute to altered functional connectivity in the Theory of Mind network which has been documented in earlier work with VPT samples. Apart from reduced social motivation in the VPT group, there were no significant group differences in reported social functioning, as assessed by SRS-2. We found that in the VPT group higher FA values in segments of the left SLF I and right SLF II were associated with better social functioning. Surprisingly, the opposite was found for segments in the right IFO, where higher FA values were associated with worse reported social functioning. Since no significant correlations were found for the FT group, this relationship may be specific for VPT children. The current study overcomes methodological limitations of previous studies by more accurately segmenting white matter tracts using constrained spherical deconvolution based tractography, by applying complementary tractometry analysis approaches to estimate changes in FA more accurately, and by investigating the FA profile along the three components of the SLF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000196/pdfft?md5=643865ad8546aeab53fe40c293b9e29f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139921563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From bench to bedside: Overview of magnetoencephalography in basic principle, signal processing, source localization and clinical applications","authors":"Yanling Yang ,&nbsp;Shichang Luo ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang ,&nbsp;Xiumin Gao ,&nbsp;Xufeng Yao ,&nbsp;Tao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive technique that can precisely capture the dynamic spatiotemporal patterns of the brain by measuring the magnetic fields arising from neuronal activity along the order of milliseconds. Observations of brain dynamics have been used in cognitive neuroscience, the diagnosis of neurological diseases, and the brain-computer interface (BCI). In this study, we outline the basic principle, signal processing, and source localization of MEG, and describe its clinical applications for cognitive assessment, the diagnoses of neurological diseases and mental disorders, preoperative evaluation, and the BCI. This review not only provides an overall perspective of MEG, ranging from practical techniques to clinical applications, but also enhances the prevalent understanding of neural mechanisms. The use of MEG is expected to lead to significant breakthroughs in neuroscience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 103608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000470/pdfft?md5=2288987a992c75f23052006bfa8bf0a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network analysis of structural MRI predicts executive function in paediatric traumatic brain injury","authors":"Daniel Griffiths-King ,&nbsp;Stefano Seri ,&nbsp;Cathy Catroppa ,&nbsp;Vicki A. Anderson ,&nbsp;Amanda G. Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Intro</h3><div>Paediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) is likely to result in cognitive impairment, specifically executive dysfunction. Evidence of the neuroanatomical correlates of this executive function (EF) impairment is derived from studies that treat morphometry of brain regions as distinct, independent features, rather than as a complex network of interrelationships. Morphometric similarity captures the <em>meso</em>-scale organisation of the cortex as the interrelatedness of multiple macro-architectural features and presents a novel tool with which to investigate the brain post pTBI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a retrospective sample (83 pTBI patients, 33 controls), we estimate morphometric similarity from structural MRI by correlating morphometric features between cortical regions. We compared the <em>meso</em>-scale organisation of the cortex between groups then, using partial least squares regression, assessed the predictive validity of morphometric similarity in understanding later executive functioning, two years post-injury.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that patients and controls did not differ in terms of the overall magnitude of morphometric similarity. However, a pattern of ROI-level morphometric similarity was predictive of day-to-day EF difficulties reported by parents two years post-injury. This prediction was validated using a leave-one-out, and 20-fold cross-validation approach. Prediction was driven by regions of the prefrontal cortex, typically important for healthy maturation of EF skills in childhood. The <em>meso</em>-scale organisation of the cortex also produced more accurate predictions than any one morphometric feature (i.e. cortical thickness or folding index) alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We conclude that these methodologies show utility in predicting later executive functioning in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 103685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Buzz: Cortical and subcortical brain changes in patients with pulsatile tinnitus","authors":"Justin Remer ,&nbsp;Kazim Narsinh ,&nbsp;Travis Caton ,&nbsp;Alison Lamboy ,&nbsp;Adelyn Tu-Chan ,&nbsp;Ashish Raj ,&nbsp;Matthew R. Amans","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be a debilitating condition characterized by rhythmic, heartbeat-synchronous sounds, which can severely impact patients’ quality of life. Understanding the neuroanatomical changes in PT patients may provide critical insights into the impacts of this condition. This study aimed to investigate potential differences in cortical and subcortical brain volume between adults with PT and age-matched controls (60 to 70 years of age). A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of imaging and medical records was conducted, with data collected from January 2015 to December 2021. The study was conducted in a tertiary referral center with a specialized tinnitus clinic. A total of 135 adults diagnosed with PT and 135 age-matched controls were included. All participants were screened for PT and relevant medical history, with consecutive sampling used for selection. Cortical and subcortical brain volume differences between PT patients and controls were measured using Freesurfer. PT patients (n = 79, after exclusion of patients with inadequate imaging data) exhibited significant decreases in cortical thickness in the anterior cingulate and entorhinal cortex, and decreased volume in the left putamen, compared to age-matched controls (n = 135). PT patients also demonstrated significant increased volume in frontal and occipital lobe structures, the cerebellum, hippocampi, and ventral pallidum. In conclusion, our findings suggest that individuals with PT may have structural differences in brain regions related to auditory processing, and depression, which provides additional evidence of the psychiatric sequalae of PT. These findings demonstrate that there are neuroanatomical alterations in patients with PT, emphasizing the value in evaluating and treating this disease to prevent these neuroanatomical differences from developing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000925/pdfft?md5=f2aa69aa52a815325a99bf8553b5eaa3&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000925-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalamic atrophy and dysconnectivity are associated with cognitive impairment in a multi-center, clinical routine, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","authors":"Robert Zivadinov ,&nbsp;Niels Bergsland ,&nbsp;Dejan Jakimovski ,&nbsp;Bianca Weinstock-Guttman ,&nbsp;Lorena Lorefice ,&nbsp;Menno M. Schoonheim ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Morrow ,&nbsp;Mary Ann Picone ,&nbsp;Gabriel Pardo ,&nbsp;Myassar Zarif ,&nbsp;Mark Gudesblatt ,&nbsp;Jacqueline A. Nicholas ,&nbsp;Andrew Smith ,&nbsp;Samuel Hunter ,&nbsp;Stephen Newman ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. AbdelRazek ,&nbsp;Ina Hoti ,&nbsp;Jon Riolo ,&nbsp;Diego Silva ,&nbsp;Tom A. Fuchs ,&nbsp;Ralph HB. Benedict","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prior research has established a link between thalamic pathology and cognitive impairment (CI) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, the translation of these findings to pwMS in everyday clinical settings has been insufficient.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess which global and/or thalamic imaging biomarkers can be used to identify pwMS at risk for CI and cognitive worsening (CW) in a real-world setting.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was an international, multi-center (11 centers), longitudinal, retrospective, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting MS (pwRRMS). Brain MRI exams acquired at baseline and follow-up were collected. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Thalamic volume (TV) measurement was performed on T2-FLAIR, as well as on T1-WI, when available. Thalamic dysconnectivity, T2-lesion volume (T2-LV), and volumes of gray matter (GM), whole brain (WB) and lateral ventricles (LVV) were also assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>332 pwMS were followed for an average of 2.8 years. At baseline, T2-LV, LVV, TV and thalamic dysconnectivity on T2-FLAIR (p &lt; 0.016), and WB, GM and TV volumes on T1-WI (p &lt; 0.039) were significantly worse in 90 (27.1 %) CI vs. 242 (62.9 %) non-CI pwRRMS. Greater SDMT decline over the follow-up was associated with lower baseline TV on T2-FLAIR (standardized β = 0.203, p = 0.002) and greater thalamic dysconnectivity (standardized β = -0.14, p = 0.028) in a linear regression model.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PwRRMS with thalamic atrophy and worse thalamic dysconnectivity present more frequently with CI and experience greater CW over mid-term follow-up in a real-world setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 103609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000482/pdfft?md5=6bf61760d7e5018494fe80b28d4e13eb&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling MRI markers for Parkinson’s Disease: GABAergic dysfunction and cortical changes","authors":"Yuan Tian ,&nbsp;Sijia Geng ,&nbsp;Tianyi Liu ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Jianxiu Lian ,&nbsp;Liangjie Lin ,&nbsp;Jiayu Li ,&nbsp;Tao Gong ,&nbsp;Junhong Duan ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study aimed to investigate changes in basal levels of the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and cortical gyrification in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which could further identify potential imaging biomarkers for PD, particularly in patients with early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Fifty patients with PD (EOPD: 10, late-onset Parkinson’s disease [LOPD]: 40) and fifty-two age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent GABA-edited 1H MRS of the SMC and high-resolution 3D T1-weighted brain imaging. GABA levels and local gyrification index (LGI) were calculated to assess GABAergic and cortical gyrification deficits in PD.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The Pearson correlation coefficients revealed significant negative associations between eight indicators, including GABA/Cr level and local gyrification index (LGI) of specific cortical regions (precentral, postcentral, entorhinal, superiortemporal, posteriorcingulate, cuneus, and transversetemporal cortex), and the likelihood of Parkinson’s disease (r &lt; -0.4, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, GABA levels were significantly lower in the SMC region of both EOPD and LOPD patients compared to healthy controls (mean ± SD [u.i.]: EOPD=0.081 ± 0.022 vs. Young-HC=0.112 ± 0.021, p = 0.003; LOPD=0.054 ± 0.024 vs. Old-HC=0.099 ± 0.021, p &lt; 0.001). The logistic regression model was established by using multivariate analysis, identifying two statistically significant indicators: GABA/Cr and LGI of the transversetemporal. The combined model exhibited the highest AUC values in both younger and older populations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>GABAergic dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD patients. Changes in neurotransmitter and morphological may serve as potential markers for the preclinical diagnosis and progression of PD, including EOPD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 103661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224001001/pdfft?md5=ef95c34dbf3f7be8ee907cfaf8b16293&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224001001-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing upper extremity fine motor function in the presence of white matter hyperintensities: A 7 T MRI cross-sectional study in older adults","authors":"Riccardo Iandolo ,&nbsp;Esin Avci ,&nbsp;Giulia Bommarito ,&nbsp;Ioanna Sandvig ,&nbsp;Gitta Rohweder ,&nbsp;Axel Sandvig","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a prevalent radiographic finding in the aging brain studies. Research on WMH association with motor impairment is mostly focused on the lower-extremity function and further investigation on the upper-extremity is needed. How different degrees of WMH burden impact the network of activation recruited during upper limb motor performance could provide further insight on the complex mechanisms of WMH pathophysiology and its interaction with aging and neurological disease processes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>40 healthy elderly subjects without a neurological/psychiatric diagnosis were included in the study (16F, mean age 69.3 years). All subjects underwent ultra-high field 7 T MRI including structural and finger tapping task-fMRI. First, we quantified the WMH lesion load and its spatial distribution. Secondly, we performed a data-driven stratification of the subjects according to their periventricular and deep WMH burdens. Thirdly, we investigated the distribution of neural recruitment and the corresponding activity assessed through BOLD signal changes among different brain regions for groups of subjects. We clustered the degree of WMH based on location, numbers, and volume into three categories; ranging from mild, moderate, and severe. Finally, we explored how the spatial distribution of WMH, and activity elicited during task-fMRI relate to motor function, measured with the 9-Hole Peg Test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within our population, we found three subgroups of subjects, partitioned according to their periventricular and deep WMH lesion load. We found decreased activity in several frontal and cingulate cortex areas in subjects with a severe WMH burden. No statistically significant associations were found when performing the brain-behavior statistical analysis for structural or functional data.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>WMH burden has an effect on brain activity during fine motor control and the activity changes are associated with varying degrees of the total burden and distributions of WMH lesions. Collectively, our results shed new light on the potential impact of WMH on motor function in the context of aging and neurodegeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103569"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000081/pdfft?md5=c5c226fed51d2c0e6ce4f3626f6b27c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000081-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted third visual pathway function in schizophrenia: Evidence from real and implied motion processing","authors":"Antígona Martínez ,&nbsp;Pablo A. Gaspar ,&nbsp;Dalton H. Bermudez ,&nbsp;M. Belen Aburto-Ponce ,&nbsp;Odeta Beggel ,&nbsp;Daniel C. Javitt","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Impaired motion perception in schizophrenia has been associated with deficits in social-cognitive processes and with reduced activation of visual sensory regions, including the middle temporal area (MT+) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). These findings are consistent with the recent proposal of the existence of a specific ‘third visual pathway’ specialized for social perception in which motion is a fundamental component. The third visual pathway transmits visual information from early sensory visual processing areas to the STS, with MT+ acting as a critical intermediary. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate functioning of this pathway during processing of naturalistic videos with explicit (real) motion and static images with implied motion cues. These measures were related to face emotion recognition and motion-perception, as measured behaviorally. Participants were 28 individuals with schizophrenia (Sz) and 20 neurotypical controls. Compared to controls, individuals with Sz showed reduced activation of third visual pathway regions (MT+, pSTS) in response to both real- and implied-motion stimuli. Dysfunction of early visual cortex and pulvinar were also associated with aberrant real-motion processing. Implied-motion stimuli additionally engaged a wide network of brain areas including parietal, motor and frontal nodes of the human mirror neuron system. The findings support concepts of MT+ as a mediator between visual sensory areas and higher-order brain and argue for greater focus on MT+ contributions to social-cognitive processing, in addition to its well-documented role in visual motion processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000093/pdfft?md5=88c890e9afc150d33c4bd5235e7fbc20&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000093-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139589594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}