Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Predicting memory decline from left temporal lobe epilepsy surgery using preoperative fMRI: a multicenter study","authors":"William L. Gross ,&nbsp;Sara J. Swanson ,&nbsp;Alexander I. Helfand ,&nbsp;Sara B. Pillay ,&nbsp;Colin J. Humphries ,&nbsp;Manoj Raghavan ,&nbsp;Wade M. Mueller ,&nbsp;Chad E. Carlson ,&nbsp;Lisa L. Conant ,&nbsp;Robyn M. Busch ,&nbsp;Mark Lowe ,&nbsp;Madalina E. Tivarus ,&nbsp;Daniel L. Drane ,&nbsp;Monica Jacobs ,&nbsp;Victoria L. Morgan ,&nbsp;Jane B. Allendorfer ,&nbsp;Jerzy P. Szaflarski ,&nbsp;Leonardo Bonilha ,&nbsp;Susan Bookheimer ,&nbsp;Thomas Grabowski ,&nbsp;Jeffrey R. Binder","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>While fMRI language laterality has been used to predict verbal memory after epilepsy surgery, supporting evidence is not yet definitive. The FMRI in Anterior Temporal Epilepsy Surgery (FATES) project was a prospective observational cohort study at 10 US epilepsy centers, performed to determine whether a multivariable model including fMRI language laterality can predict verbal memory outcome 6 months after left temporal lobe epilepsy surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This analysis includes 70 adults who underwent left temporal lobe epilepsy surgeries including hippocampal resection for treatment of epilepsy. Patients completed standard protocols, including preoperative fMRI language mapping with a semantic decision versus tone decision (SDTD) task contrast and preoperative and postoperative verbal memory assessment. Five memory measures, obtained from the Selective Reminding Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Wechsler Memory Scale, were selected to cover a range of episodic memory tasks including word list learning, delayed list recall, and story recall. Multiple linear regression was performed using the preoperative memory score, duration of epilepsy, age at epilepsy onset, age at surgery, hippocampal sclerosis status, and fMRI SDTD laterality index (LI) as predictor variables for 6-month postoperative verbal memory change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across different memory measures, decline (defined using Reliable Change Index) was seen in 8%–28% of patients. Changes on all five memory measures were significantly correlated with preoperative score, epilepsy duration, and fMRI SDTD LI. Variance explained by linear regression models for each test ranged from 34%–41%, with fMRI LI independently accounting for 7%–25% of the total variance (all p &lt; 0.05). Cross-validation accuracy for predicting change scores in independent held-back samples ranged from 0.54–0.75 standard deviations of the preoperative sample.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>We demonstrate that models incorporating fMRI language LIs from a semantic decision task trained to predict verbal memory decline after left temporal lobe surgery provide meaningful information to help inform patients of the risk associated with left temporal lobe surgery and are practical to implement in different hospital settings. This confirms previous limited evidence that fMRI-based preoperative language protocols can be used to predict verbal episodic memory outcome after left temporal lobe epilepsy surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-stroke outcome prediction based on lesion-derived features","authors":"Maedeh Khalilian ,&nbsp;Olivier Godefroy ,&nbsp;Martine Roussel ,&nbsp;Amir Mousavi ,&nbsp;Ardalan Aarabi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stroke-induced deficits result from both focal structural damage and widespread network disruption. This study investigated whether simulated measures of network disruption, derived from structural lesions, could predict functional impairments in stroke patients. We extracted four lesion-derived feature sets: lesion masks, probabilistic structural disconnection maps (pSDMs), structural and indirectly estimated functional connectivity strengths between brain regions, and topological properties of functional and structural brain networks to predict motor, executive, and processing speed deficits in 340 S patients, employing PCA-based ridge regression with leave-one-out cross validation.</div><div>The findings revealed that both structural disconnection map patterns and lesion masks were strong predictors of functional deficits. Lesion masks exhibited superior predictive performance relative to unthresholded pSDMs. Furthermore, applying a probability threshold to the pSDMs − retaining only disconnections present in a sufficient proportion of healthy subjects − significantly improved predictive performance. For motor deficits, thresholded SDMs (tSDMs) with thresholds of 0.9 and 0.5 produced the highest R² values, 0.95 for left motor deficits and 0.69 for right motor deficits, respectively. In the case of executive function and processing speed, the highest R² values were 0.58 and 0.64, achieved with tSDM thresholds of 0.3 and 0.5, respectively. Connectome-based features exhibited lower R² values, with structural connection strength alterations showing stronger associations with post-stroke scores compared to changes in functional connectivity. Nodal parameters (degree and clustering coefficient) had lower explanatory power than the SDM features and lesion masks.</div><div>Our findings underscore the effectiveness of lesion masks and thresholded SDMs in predicting post-stroke deficits. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the reliability of simulated structural networks as a complementary approach to lesion patterns and structural disconnection in predicting post-stroke outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related changes in myelin and myelin water quantified with short-TR adiabatic inversion-recovery (STAIR) sequences","authors":"James Lo ,&nbsp;Jiaji Wang ,&nbsp;Dylan Tran ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Nemeh ,&nbsp;Brandon Liu ,&nbsp;Soo Hyun Shin ,&nbsp;Jiyo S. Athertya ,&nbsp;Dawn Schiehser ,&nbsp;Yajun Ma ,&nbsp;Jiang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myelin proton density fraction (MPDF) and myelin water fraction (MWF) measured with short-TR adiabatic inversion-recovery (STAIR) sequences are potential biomarkers of aging and neurodegeneration, but the effects of aging on MPDF/MWF remain unknown. This study aims to assess relationships between age and MPDF/MWF using the 3D STAIR ultrashort echo time (STAIR-UTE) and STAIR short echo time (STAIR-STE) sequences, respectively. 42 volunteers (29 young (&lt;55y), 13 old (&gt;55y)), were recruited for MPDF and MWF mapping for white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) on a 3 T scanner. Excellent inter-reader reliability was demonstrated for MPDF and MWF measurements with ICC values of 0.97 and 0.98, respectively, between two readers. In the young group, WM MPDF and MWF range from 8-13 % and 6–13 %, respectively, while GM MPDF and MWF range from 5-7 % and 3–5 %, respectively. In the old group, WM MPDF and MWF range from 6-12 % and 5–13 %, and GM MPDF and MWF range from 3-6 % and 2–5 %, respectively. The young group’s MPDF/MWF values were significantly higher than those of the old group. Altogether, the 42 volunteers display linear and quadratic associations of MPDF/MWF with age. MPDF demonstrated significant correlations with MWF in the majority of brain regions. This study demonstrates the capability of two myelin imaging biomarkers, STAIR-UTE measured MPDF and STAIR-STE measured MWF to map brain myelin and MW. These biomarkers hold the potential to differentiate normal aging from neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103801"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of multi-modal non-contrast MRI to predict functional outcomes after stroke: A study using DP-pCASL, DTI, NODDI, and MAP MRI","authors":"Julia Diamandi ,&nbsp;Christian Raimondo ,&nbsp;Keenan Piper ,&nbsp;Joanna Roy ,&nbsp;Stephanie Serva ,&nbsp;Mahdi Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Adam Flanders ,&nbsp;Stavropoula Tjoumakaris ,&nbsp;Reid Gooch ,&nbsp;Pascal Jabbour ,&nbsp;Robert Rosenwasser ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Mouchtouris","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to assess whether water exchange rate (k_w), a surrogate for blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, is associated with functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We studied 22 AIS patients enrolled from 1/2022 to 4/2024 who underwent multi-modal non-contrast imaging on a 3.0-Tesla scanner, including DP-pCASL, DTI, NODDI and MAP imaging. For each parametric map, the intensity and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for the infarcted region. The diffusion maps included were b0, Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Mean Diffusivity (MD), Intra-cellular Volume Fraction (ICVF), Free Water Fraction (FWF), and Orientation Dispersion Index (ODI), q-Space Mean Square Displacement (QMSD), Return-to-Axis Probability (RTAP), Return-to-Plane Probability (RTPP), Return-to-Origin Probability (RTOP), Propagator Anisotropy (PA), and non-Gaussianity (NG). The perfusion-based maps were cerebral blood flow (CBF), arterial transit time (ATT), and k_w. The outcome variable was modified Rankin Scale (mRS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two patients were included. The average age was 69.5 ± 13.5, the mean NIHSS of 12.4 ± 7.7, and the median infarct of 25.7 (8.4–98.8) ml. Multivariable linear regression identified lower k_w (β = −0.029, p = 0.041), longer time to MRI (β = 0.012, p = 0.013) and larger stroke volume (β = 0.014, p = 0.006) as predictive of higher mRS. Higher CBF (β = 0.660, p = 0.003) and RTAP (β = 1.528, p = 0.010), and lower SD RTAP (β = −0.709, p = 0.016), RTPP (β = −2.132, p = 0.006), and NG (β = −1.036, p = 0.011) were identified as most predictive of k_w through multivariable linear regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lower k_w is predictive of higher mRS in patients with AIS. Increasing CBF and RTAP and lower SD RTAP, RTPP, and NG were correlated with higher k_w.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms underlying the spontaneous reorganization of depression network after stroke","authors":"Yirong Fang ,&nbsp;Xian Chao ,&nbsp;Zeyu Lu ,&nbsp;Hongmei Huang ,&nbsp;Ran Shi ,&nbsp;Dawei Yin ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Yanan Lu ,&nbsp;Jinjing Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Xinfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploring the causal relationship between focal brain lesions and post-stroke depression (PSD) can provide therapeutic insights. However, a gap exists between causal and therapeutic information. Exploring post-stroke brain repair processes post-stroke could bridge this gap.</div><div>We defined a depression network using the normative connectome and investigated the predictive capacity of lesion-induced network damage on depressive symptoms in discovery cohort of 96 patients, at baseline and six months post-stroke. Stepwise functional connectivity (SFC) was used to examine topological changes in the depression network over time to identify patterns of network reorganization. The predictive value of reorganization information was evaluated for follow-up symptoms in discovery and validation cohort 1 (22 worsening PSD patients) as well as for treatment responsiveness in validation cohort 2 (23 antidepressant-treated patients). We evaluated the consistency of significant reorganization areas with neuromodulation targets. Spatial correlations of network reorganization patterns with gene expression and neurotransmitter maps were analyzed.</div><div>The predictive power of network damage for symptoms diminished at follow-up compared to baseline (Δadjusted R² = -0.070, p &lt; 0.001). Reorganization information effectively predicted symptoms at follow-up in the discovery cohort (adjust R² = 0.217, 95 %CI: 0.010 to 0.431), as well as symptom exacerbation (r = 0.421, p = 0.033) and treatment responsiveness (r = 0.587, p = 0.012) in the validation cohorts. Regions undergoing significant reorganization overlapped with neuromodulatory targets known to be effective in treating depression. The reorganization of the depression network was associated with immune-inflammatory responses gene expressions and gamma-aminobutyric acid.</div><div>Our findings may yield important insights into the repair mechanisms of PSD and provide a critical context for developing post-stroke treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical oscillatory and aperiodic signatures of visual sampling in developmental dyslexia","authors":"Alessia Santoni ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Di Dona ,&nbsp;David Melcher ,&nbsp;Laura Franchin ,&nbsp;Luca Ronconi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temporal processing deficits in Developmental Dyslexia (DD) have been documented extensively at the behavioral level, leading to the formulation of neural theories positing that such anomalies in parsing multisensory input rely on aberrant synchronization of neural oscillations or to an excessive level of neural noise. Despite reading being primarily supported by visual functions, experimental evidence supporting these theories remains scarce. Here, we tested 26 adults with DD (9 females) and 31 neurotypical controls (16 females) with a temporal segregation/integration task that required participants to either integrate or segregate two rapidly presented displays while their EEG activity was recorded. We confirmed a temporal sampling deficit in DD, which specifically affected the rapid segregation of visual input. While the ongoing alpha frequency and the excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio (i.e., an index of neural noise quantified by the aperiodic exponent) were differently modulated based on task demands in typical readers, DD participants exhibited an impairment in alpha speed modulation and an altered E/I ratio that affected their rapid visual sampling. Nonetheless, an association between visual temporal sampling accuracy and both alpha frequency and the E/I ratio measured at rest were evident in the DD group, further confirming an anomalous interplay between alpha synchronization, the E/I ratio and active visual sampling. These results provide evidence that both trait- and state-like differences in alpha-band synchronization and neural noise levels coexist in the dyslexic brain and are synergistically responsible for cascade effects on visual sampling and reading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103720"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grey matter volume differences across Parkinson’s disease motor subtypes in the supplementary motor cortex","authors":"A. Martin ,&nbsp;J. Nassif ,&nbsp;L. Chaluvadi ,&nbsp;C. Schammel ,&nbsp;R. Newman-Norlund ,&nbsp;S. Bollmann ,&nbsp;J. Absher","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide due to loss of dopaminergic neurons projecting from the basal ganglia (BG). It is associated with various motor symptoms that are grouped into subtypes, each with different clinical presentations and disease progressions. Neuroimaging biomarkers focusing on regions a part of motor circuits projecting from the BG can distinguish and improve overall subtyping. The supplementary motor cortex (SMC) is well established in PD neuropathology and associated with freezing of gait and bradykinesia, but has not been thoroughly evaluated across subtypes. This study aims to identify volumetric differences of the SMC based on PD subtypes of tremor dominant (TD), postural instability with gait difficulty (PIGD), and akinetic rigid (AR) using data from Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative. To segment grey matter volume and extract region of interest values, voxel-based processing was used. Multi-factor ANCOVAs, Tukey Honest Significance Test, and Kruskal-Wallis were utilized for volumetric analyses (α &lt; 0.05). Subjects were classified and evaluated using TD, PIGD, and AR subtypes from the MDS-UPDRS rating scales. Inter-subtype differences in SMC GMV between TD and PIGD were significant in the right hemisphere for females (p = 0.01). No significant inter-subtype differences were found in the TD/AR system. These results support the use of broader motor networks, specifically the SMC in further understanding the neuropathological heterogeneity of PD. Furthermore, it reveals SMC differences across sexes, subtypes, and subtyping systems, calling for further evaluation of subtyping schemas, specifically regarding sex differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistent frontal-limbic-occipital connections in distinguishing treatment-resistant and non-treatment-resistant schizophrenia","authors":"Yijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuzhan Gao ,&nbsp;Chuang Liang ,&nbsp;Juan Bustillo ,&nbsp;Peter Kochunov ,&nbsp;Jessica A. Turner ,&nbsp;Vince D. Calhoun ,&nbsp;Lei Wu ,&nbsp;Zening Fu ,&nbsp;Rongtao Jiang ,&nbsp;Daoqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Jiang ,&nbsp;Fan Wu ,&nbsp;Ting Peng ,&nbsp;Xijia Xu ,&nbsp;Shile Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and hypothesis</h3><div>Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TR-SZ) and non-treatment-resistant schizophrenia (NTR-SZ) lack specific biomarkers to distinguish from each other. This investigation aims to identify consistent dysfunctional brain connections with different atlases, multiple feature selection strategies, and several classifiers in distinguishing TR-SZ and NTR-SZ.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>55 TR-SZs, 239 NTR-SZs, and 87 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Resting-state functional connection (FC) matrices were constructed from automated anatomical labeling (AAL), Yeo-Networks (YEO) and Brainnetome (BNA) atlases. Two feature selection methods (Select From Model and Recursive Feature Elimination) and four classifiers (Adaptive Boost, Bernoulli Naïve Bayes, Gradient Boosting and Random Forest) were combined to identify the consistent FCs in distinguishing TR-SZ and HC, NTR-SZ and HC, TR-SZ and NTR-SZ.</div></div><div><h3>Study results</h3><div>The whole brain FCs, except the temporal-occipital FC, were consistent in distinguishing SZ and HC. Abnormal frontal-limbic, frontal-parietal and occipital-temporal FCs were consistent in distinguishing TR-SZ and NTR-SZ, that were further correlated with disease progression, symptoms and medication dosage. Moreover, the frontal-limbic and frontal-parietal FCs were highly consistent for the diagnosis of SZ (TR-SZ vs. HC, NTR-SZ vs. HC and TR-SZ vs. NTR-SZ). The BNA atlas achieved the highest classification accuracy (&gt;90 %) comparing with AAL and YEO in the most diagnostic tasks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicate that the frontal-limbic and the frontal-parietal FCs are the robust neural pathways in the diagnosis of SZ, whereas the frontal-limbic, frontal-parietal and occipital-temporal FCs may be informative in recognizing those TR-SZ in the clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Actor-critic” dichotomous hyperactivation and hypoconnectivity in obsessive–compulsive disorder","authors":"Ana Araújo ,&nbsp;Isabel C. Duarte ,&nbsp;Teresa Sousa ,&nbsp;Sofia Meneses ,&nbsp;Ana T. Pereira ,&nbsp;Trevor Robbins ,&nbsp;António Macedo ,&nbsp;Miguel Castelo-Branco","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysfunctional response inhibition, mediated by the striatum and its connections, is thought to underly the clinical manifestations of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the exact neural mechanisms remain controversial. In this study, we undertook a novel approach by positing that a) inhibition is a dynamic construct inherently susceptible to numerous failures, which require error-processing, and b) the actor-critic framework of reinforcement learning can integrate neural patterns of inhibition and error-processing in OCD with their behavioural correlates. We invited nineteen adults with OCD and 21 age-matched healthy controls to perform an fMRI-adjusted stop-signal task. Then, we extracted brain activation and connectivity values regarding distinct task phases in the “actor” and “critic” regions, here corresponding to the caudate’s head and dorsal putamen, and midbrain’s nuclei (ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra). During response preparation phases of the inhibitory process, individuals with OCD exhibited decreased functional connectivity between the “critic” structures and frontal regions involved in cognitive and executive control. Activity analysis revealed task-related hyperactivation in the midbrain alongside error-processing-specific hyperactivation in the striatum, which was correlated with excessive behavioural slowness, also found in the clinical group. Finally, we identified a remarkable opponency between activity in the ventral tegmental area and caudate leading to direct increases and indirect decreases in symptom severity. We propose a unique “actor-critic”-based domain- and timing-dependent neural profile in OCD, reflecting “harm-avoidant” styles for response suppression, and influencing symptom severity. The dichotomy of hypoconnectivity and hyperactivation in the “critic” along with the opponent relationship between the “actor” and the “critic” in determining symptom severity suggests the implication of neural adaptation mechanisms in OCD with potential relevance for neurobiologically-driven therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Impact of adult-onset multiple sclerosis on MRI-based intracranial volume: A study in clinically discordant monozygotic twins“ [NeuroImage Clin. 42 (2024) 103597]","authors":"Matin Mortazavi ,&nbsp;Lisa Ann Gerdes ,&nbsp;Öznur Hizarci ,&nbsp;Tania Kümpfel ,&nbsp;Katja Anslinger ,&nbsp;Frank Padberg ,&nbsp;Sophia Stöcklein ,&nbsp;Daniel Keeser ,&nbsp;Birgit Ertl-Wagner","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103669","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}