Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Thalamic iron in multiple sclerosis: Waning support for the early-rise late-decline hypothesis","authors":"Fahad Salman ,&nbsp;Niels Bergsland ,&nbsp;Michael G. Dwyer ,&nbsp;Jack A Reeves ,&nbsp;Abhisri Ramesh ,&nbsp;Dejan Jakimovski ,&nbsp;Bianca Weinstock-Guttman ,&nbsp;Robert Zivadinov ,&nbsp;Ferdinand Schweser","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Studies of thalamic iron levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) have yielded variable findings, potentially due to differences in study cohorts. For example, studies in relatively young cohorts (average ages below 40 years) have reported elevated susceptibility in people with MS (pwMS), whereas studies in older cohorts (above 40 years) found decreased susceptibility.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To test the “early-rise late-decline” hypothesis, which posits that age differences in study cohorts are responsible for conflicting findings regarding thalamic susceptibility in MS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We chose to replicate one of the previous studies that showed evidence of elevated thalamic iron concentrations in younger pwMS (Rudko et al., 2014). We also replicated a study involving older pwMS (Pudlac et al., 2020) to serve as a control. We assessed thalamic susceptibility using the QSM processing and analysis methodology outlined by Rudko et al.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Although cohort characteristics, QSM processing, and analytical methods were closely matched, we found significantly lower thalamic susceptibility in the younger pwMS compared to controls (−1.1 ± 7.8 vs. 5.4 ± 6.1 ppb; effect sizes: −0.35 to −0.91). Study outcomes were robust across a wide range of regularization parameters, with effect size differences influenced by background field removal regularization. A similar pattern was observed in the older cohort, where thalamic susceptibility was again lower in pwMS compared to controls (4.0 ± 9.5 vs. 9.6 ± 10.7 ppb; effect size: −0.55).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings contradict the “early rise” hypothesis of thalamic iron levels in pwMS. The consistency of our results across multiple analyses suggests that QSM processing artifacts are unlikely to explain previous reports of increased thalamic iron. Instead, these variations may stem from demographic or clinical differences, such as geographical factors and treatment regimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Event-related potential markers of subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment during a sustained visuo-attentive task","authors":"A.A. Vergani ,&nbsp;S. Mazzeo ,&nbsp;V. Moschini ,&nbsp;R. Burali ,&nbsp;M. Lassi ,&nbsp;L.G. Amato ,&nbsp;J. Carpaneto ,&nbsp;G. Salvestrini ,&nbsp;C. Fabbiani ,&nbsp;G. Giacomucci ,&nbsp;C. Morinelli ,&nbsp;F. Emiliani ,&nbsp;M. Scarpino ,&nbsp;S. Bagnoli ,&nbsp;A. Ingannato ,&nbsp;B. Nacmias ,&nbsp;S. Padiglioni ,&nbsp;S. Sorbi ,&nbsp;V. Bessi ,&nbsp;A. Grippo ,&nbsp;A. Mazzoni","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease stages lack well-defined electrophysiological correlates, creating a critical gap in the identification of robust biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention. In this study, we analysed event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded during a sustained visual attention task in a cohort of 178 individuals (119 SCD, 40 MCI, and 19 healthy subjects, HS) to investigate sensory and cognitive processing alterations associated with these conditions. SCD patients exhibited significant attenuation in both sensory (P1, N1, P2) and cognitive (P300, P600, P900) components compared to HS, with cognitive components showing performance-related gains. In contrast, MCI patients did not show a further decrease in any ERP component compared to SCD. Instead, they exhibited compensatory enhancements, reversing the downward trend observed in SCD. This compensation resulted in a non-monotonic pattern of ERP alterations across clinical conditions, suggesting that MCI patients engage neural mechanisms to counterbalance sensory and cognitive deficits. These findings support the use of electrophysiological markers in support of medical decision-making, enhancing personalized prognosis and guiding targeted interventions in cognitive decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A deep learning approach versus expert clinician panel in the classification of posterior circulation infarction","authors":"Leon S. Edwards ,&nbsp;Milanka Visser ,&nbsp;Cecilia Cappelen-Smith ,&nbsp;Dennis Cordato ,&nbsp;Andrew Bivard ,&nbsp;Leonid Churilov ,&nbsp;Christopher Blair ,&nbsp;James Thomas ,&nbsp;Angela Dos Santos ,&nbsp;Longting Lin ,&nbsp;Chushuang Chen ,&nbsp;Carlos Garcia-Esperon ,&nbsp;Kenneth Butcher ,&nbsp;Tim Kleinig ,&nbsp;Phillip MC Choi ,&nbsp;Xin Cheng ,&nbsp;Qiang Dong ,&nbsp;Richard I. Aviv ,&nbsp;Mark W. Parsons ,&nbsp;on behalf of the INSPIRE Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Posterior circulation infarction (POCI) is common. Imaging techniques such as non-contrast-CT (NCCT) and diffusion-weighted-magnetic-resonance-imaging commonly fail to detect hyperacute POCI. Studies suggest expert inspection of Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) improves diagnosis of POCI. In many settings, there is limited access to specialist expertise. Deep-learning has been successfully applied to automate imaging interpretation. This study aimed to develop and validate a deep-learning approach for the classification of POCI using CTP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were analysed from 3541-patients from the International-stroke-perfusion-registry (INSPIRE). All patients with baseline multimodal-CT and follow-up imaging performed at 24–48 h were identified. A cohort of 541-patients was constructed on a 1:3 POCI-to −reference-ratio for model analysis. A 3D-Dense-Convolutional-Network (DenseNet) was trained to classify patients into POCI or non-POCI using CTP-deconvolved-maps. Six-stroke-experts also independently classified patients based upon stepwise access to multimodal CT (mCT) data. DenseNet results were compared against expert clinician results. Model and clinician performance was evaluated using area-under-the-receiver-operating-curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and precision. Clinician agreement was measured with the Fleiss-Kappa-statistic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Best mean clinician diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and agreement was demonstrated after review of all mCT data (AUC: 0.81, Sensitivity: 0.65, Fleiss-Kappa-statistic: 0.73). There was a spectrum of individual clinician results with an AUC-range of 0.73–0.86. Best DenseNet performance was recorded with an input combination of NCCT and delay-time maps. The DenseNet model was superior to the best mean clinician performance (AUC: 0.87) and was due to enhanced sensitivity (DenseNET: 0.77, Clinician: 0.65). The degree to which the DenseNet model outperformed each clinician ranged and was clinician specific (AUC improvement 0.01–0.14).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Comprehensive review of CTP improves diagnostic performance and agreement amongst clinicians. A DenseNet model was superior to best mean clinician performance. The degree of improvement varied by specific clinician. Development of a clinician-DenseNet approach may improve inter-clinician agreement and diagnostic accuracy. This approach may alleviate limited specialist services in resource constrained settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103732"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of long-range association fibers in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis","authors":"Xiaodong Chen ,&nbsp;Ling Fang ,&nbsp;Yiying Huang ,&nbsp;Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Yi Lu ,&nbsp;Jinhui Wang ,&nbsp;Chunxin Liu ,&nbsp;Huanquan Liao ,&nbsp;Liemin Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Qiu ,&nbsp;Yaqing Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis typically exhibit impaired cognitive integration, which relies on the integrity of long-range association fibers connecting diverse brain regions. However, the microstructural integrity of long-range association fibers in this population remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were collected from 32 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 30 healthy controls. Patients were further categorized into early and delayed immunotherapy subgroups based on a 2-week threshold for immunotherapy initiation. The diffusion properties of major long-range association fibers were quantified at both the bundle and node levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with healthy controls, patients exhibited widespread microstructural damage within long-range association fibers, with more severe alterations in the delayed immunotherapy subgroup (FDR-corrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In this subgroup(n = 14), radial diffusivity (RD) of left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), left superior longitudinal fascicles (SLF), and bilateral arcuate fascicles correlated significantly with global cognition (MMSE, FDR-corrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, RD also strongly correlated with working memory in the delayed immunotherapy subgroup, showing bundle-wise associations for IFOF (left: <em>r =</em> -0.8315, <em>p =</em> 0.0112; right: <em>r =</em> -0.7044, <em>p =</em> 0.0295), ILF (left: <em>r =</em> -0.7473, <em>p =</em> 0.0243), SLF (left: <em>r =</em> -0.7562, <em>p =</em> 0.0243; right<em>: r =</em> -0.6599, <em>p =</em> 0.0391), and arcuate fasciculus (left: <em>r =</em> -0.7240, <em>p =</em> 0.0272; right: <em>r =</em> -0.6835, <em>p =</em> 0.0333), with left-hemisphere predominance confirmed by node-wise analyses of IFOF, ILF, SLF, and arcuate fasciculus (FDR-corrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings highlight widespread microstructural damage in long-range association fibers in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, particularly in those with delayed immunotherapy. This damage may serve as the neurophysiological basis for cognitive impairments, with working memory being most affected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 103808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical spinal cord MRI in ALS individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Taravat Yazdanian ,&nbsp;Parisa Azimi ,&nbsp;Suma Babu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Disease tracking and prognostication of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) can be quite challenging in people living with ALS, due to the complexity of central nervous system disease biology<strong>.</strong> This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to summarize cervical spinal cord quantitative MRI (qMRI) biomarker changes in individuals with ALS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched up to August 2023. The terms used were “ALS”, “cervical spinal cord”, “MRI”,“ diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)”, “ fractional anisotropy (FA)”, “ mean diffusivity (MD) ”,“ magnetization transfer ratio (MTR)”, “ cross-sectional area (CSA)”, “ radial diffusivity (RD) ”, and “ atrophy ”. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess study quality. We calculated the pooled: 1) Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% CIs for comparative assessment of qMRI parameters in ALS individuals and the healthy population. 2) Estimate the mean of qMRI parameters for normative values in two groups by CMA software. Heterogeneity and publication bias were determined by the I-squared statistic and funnel plots.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty studies, with 1817 participants (35.9 % female) were included in this review, and 29 had a NOS ≥ 5 which indicates high-quality of data overall. The SMD analysis showed (a) significant decrease in CSA along the whole length of cervical cord (C1-C7) (p value &lt; 0.0001), with a preferential thinning of the cervical enlargement region (C4-C6 region) (p value &lt; 0.0001) (b) significant decrease in FA (p value &lt; 0.0001), particularly FA left lateral corticospinal tract (p value &lt; 0.0001) and (c) a significant increase in MD (p value &lt; 0.0001) in ALS individuals compared to controls. The pooled analysis reveals that the mean (SD) values for ALS individuals versus controls for (a) CSA (in mm²) were C1 [73.4 (0.75), 78.5 (0.67), 6.9 % difference]; C2 [70.6 (3.1), 71.5 (3.5), 1.2 % difference]; C3 [69.8(1.5), 74.9 (1.9), 7.3 % difference]; C4 [71.9 (1.8), 77.6 (2.8), 7.9 % difference]; C5 [71.8 (2.5), 79.5 (3.3), 10.7 % difference]; C6 [66.8 (2.7), 73.7 (3.7), 10.3 % difference]; C7 [56.7 (F2.2), 62.1 (2.5), 9.5 % difference]; (b) FA [0.54 (0.03), 0.56 (0.03)]; (c) MD[1.11 (0.18), 0.88(0)]; and (d) FA LLCST [ 0.65 (0.04), 0.77 (0.04)], respectively. The mean (SD) value of the MTR and RD for ALS individuals was 40.3 (2.3), and 0.70 (0.0).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>qMRI metrics of spinal cord show discriminatory potential between ALS and healthy controls. The selective atrophy of the cervical enlargement (C4–C6) is replicable across multiple studies as seen in this metanalysis and hence is a potential imaging marker for quantifying and tracking lower motor neuron degeneration in ALS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 103832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A sulcal morphometry approach to brain phenotype and clinical response","authors":"Arben Miftari ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Pizzagalli ,&nbsp;Giulia Bommarito ,&nbsp;Stéphane Armand ,&nbsp;Frederic Assal ,&nbsp;Dimitri Van De Ville ,&nbsp;Alessandra Griffa ,&nbsp;Gilles Allali","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), the leading cause of reversible dementia in older adults, is characterized by urinary incontinence, gait impairment, cognitive decline, and ventriculomegaly. Neuroradiological features rely on visual assessment, including sulcal characteristics. This study applies automatic sulcal-based morphometry to characterize the sulcal phenotype in iNPH and to distinguish responders from non-responders.</div><div>We analyzed the sulcal morphology in 32 iNPH patients and 41 healthy controls. Patients were categorized as responders (Resp) or non-responders (nResp) based on gait improvement following a cerebrospinal fluid tap test. A generalized linear model identified the iNPH sulcal phenotype, and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was applied to distinguish iNPH patients from controls, as well as Resp from nResp.</div><div>We found that sulcal depth and widening were the key descriptors of the iNPH brain phenotype. Eight core sulci contributed the most, including compressed central, superior frontal, and frontal intraparietal bilateral sulci, and flattened left calcarine and posterior lateral fissures. An SVM classifier trained on these features effectively differentiated iNPH patients from controls (AUC: 0.933) but had limited accuracy for Resp vs. nResp (AUC: 0.556). Post-hoc analyses showed smaller superior frontal sulcal opening in nResp than in Resp.</div><div>This study identified an iNPH neuroradiological phenotype based on sulcal morphology, emphasizing depth and opening as key markers. SVM classifiers trained on different sulci features performed well in differentiating healthy controls from iNPH patients but was less effective for Resp vs. nResp. Future research should investigate more advanced anatomical landmarks in iNPH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 103816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling in psychosis and healthy controls: Predicting working memory capacity across different tasks","authors":"Orestis Papaioannou ,&nbsp;Kailey Clark ,&nbsp;Nicole N Ogbuagu ,&nbsp;Steven M Silverstein ,&nbsp;Judy L Thompson ,&nbsp;Molly A Erickson","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling has been proposed as a possible mechanism underlying working memory. Here, we assess whether cortical theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling is related to working memory deficits in patients with psychosis, and whether any group differences observed in this neural measure are specifically related to group differences in working memory performance or instead reflect more general differences in brain dynamics. To address these issues, we collected 61-channel EEG data from 32 psychiatric patients with psychosis (including patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychotic features) and 35 age-matched healthy controls, and calculated the Phase Locking Value, a measure of theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling across three tasks: a working memory task (Active WM+), a visual search task (Active WM−), and a passive viewing task (Passive WM−). We found significant theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling across all tasks, including during a pre-stimulus baseline period. No significant differences between the PSY and HC groups were found, although the two groups did show some small differences in the specific patterns of coupling. However, surprisingly, we found that frequency dynamics in coupling strongly and significantly predicted individual differences in working memory capacity in both groups. This was true even when the coupling was assessed during a passive viewing paradigm that did not involve a working memory component. Taken together, these findings suggest that cortical theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling may reflect behaviorally-relevant differences in structural or functional connections that persist regardless of stimuli, task or time window in both those with and without psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 103839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for temporal disintegration of information processing during sensorimotor integration in GTS","authors":"Yifan Hao ,&nbsp;Paul Wendiggensen ,&nbsp;Annet Bluschke ,&nbsp;Tina Rawish ,&nbsp;Julia Friedrich ,&nbsp;Eszter Tóth-Fáber ,&nbsp;Zsanett Tárnok ,&nbsp;Veit Roessner ,&nbsp;Christian Frings ,&nbsp;Anne Weissbach ,&nbsp;Tobias Bäumer ,&nbsp;Alexander Münchau ,&nbsp;Christian Beste","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), a neuropsychiatric disorder defined by the presence of tics, bindings of perceptual and motor processes in what cognitive theories refer to as event files is altered. The neural basis of such abnormal coupling though is currently unclear, particularly as regards oscillatory activity in theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. The inter-relation between oscillatory activities in the theta, but also the alpha and beta band during event file binding and retrieval was investigated in the present study in patients with GTS and healthy controls (HC) using a well-established stimulus–response event file task and concomitant EEG recording. Behaviorally, binding effects did not differ between groups. Also, there were well-known patterns of theta, alpha and beta band activity during retrieval in both groups. In addition, corroborating previous findings in HC, in the period after event file binding and before retrieval, theta, alpha and beta band activity was found in the insula cortex, inferior/middle frontal and superior/middle temporal areas of the right hemisphere in both groups. However, in comparison to HC, GTS patients exhibited relatively less widespread oscillatory correlations between the post-binding and retrieval periods. Notably, a correlation between beta-band oscillations in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and oscillatory activity during the post-binding period was observed only in HC, but not in GTS. This absence in GTS may reflect a disrupted management of event files following retrieval. Overall, the findings suggest a relative decoupling of oscillatory activity associated with binding and retrieval processes in individuals with GTS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 103844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative electroencephalography characteristics in delirium with various etiologies: A multicenter study","authors":"Julia van der A ,&nbsp;Robert Fleischmann ,&nbsp;Annerose Mengel ,&nbsp;Lisette Vernooij ,&nbsp;Cornelis Stam ,&nbsp;Sophie Leroy ,&nbsp;Pauline Schneider ,&nbsp;Johannes Ehler ,&nbsp;Arjen Slooter ,&nbsp;Edwin van Dellen","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Delirium is a manifestation of acute encephalopathy, which has a heterogeneous etiology. This study aimed to investigate whether quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) characteristics of delirium differ among etiology-based delirium subtypes or converge on common neurophysiological patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this multicenter observational study, we analyzed qEEG data from 377 patients (173 delirious, 204 non-delirious) consecutively enrolled across three sites. Etiology-based delirium subtypes included post-stroke, medical and postoperative delirium diagnosed by staff physicians based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV or 5 criteria. We compared peak frequency, relative power, and phase lag index (PLI) between delirious and non-delirious patients across different etiologies using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among spectral qEEG measures, there were no differences between subgroups. The peak frequency showed a consistent decrease between all delirium groups and non-delirious controls (SMD = -0.81, CI:-1.50 to −0.13), relative delta power increased (SMD = 1.44, CI:0.61 to 2.26), and relative beta power decreased (SMD = -1.72, CI:-2.46 to −0.97). Effect sizes differences in PLI between delirious and non-delirious controls were small and not consistent across subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate consistent patterns in spectral qEEG characteristics across delirium subtypes, suggesting a common neurophysiological pathway of global EEG slowing in delirium regardless of etiology. By contrast, differences in PLI did not converge across subtypes. Multicenter studies should harmonize data collection to disentangle the shared and distinct neurophysiological changes associated with delirium of varying etiologies, in order to advance our understanding of potentially convergent mechanisms across subtypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 103871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contralateral prefrontal and network engagement during left DLPFC 10 Hz rTMS: an interleaved TMS-fMRI study in healthy adults","authors":"Timo van Hattem ,&nbsp;Kai-Yen Chang ,&nbsp;Martin Tik ,&nbsp;Paul Taylor ,&nbsp;Jonas Björklund ,&nbsp;Lucia Bulubas ,&nbsp;Frank Padberg ,&nbsp;Daniel Keeser ,&nbsp;Mattia Campana","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) serves as an effective treatment for major depression and other psychiatric disorders. Despite its growing clinical application, the neural mechanisms by which prefrontal rTMS exerts its therapeutic effects remain incompletely understood. To address this gap, we investigated the immediate blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity during 600 stimuli of left DLPFC 10 Hz rTMS in healthy individuals using interleaved TMS-fMRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a crossover design, 17 healthy subjects received 10 Hz rTMS (60 trains with 9-second intertrain intervals) over the left DLPFC at 40 % and 80 % of their resting motor threshold (rMT) inside the MR scanner.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>10 Hz rTMS over the left DLPFC elicited BOLD responses in prefrontal regions, cingulate cortex, insula, striatum, thalamus, as well as auditory and somatosensory areas. Notably, our findings revealed that 10 Hz rTMS effects were lateralized towards the contralateral (right) DLPFC. Dose-response effects between 40 % vs. 80 % rMT were exclusively observed in the hippocampus.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The 10 Hz rTMS protocol used in this study induced distinct target engagement and propagation patterns in the prefrontal cortex. These patterns differ from our previous interleaved TMS-fMRI findings using 600 stimuli of left DLPFC intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) at the same intensities. Thus, interleaved TMS-fMRI emerges as a valuable method for comparing clinical prefrontal rTMS protocols regarding their immediate effect on brain circuits in order to differentiate their action mechanisms and to potentially inform clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 103862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}