Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"State-specific GluCEST alterations in insular subregions are associated with depression and plasma inflammatory biomarker levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Lixue Xu ,&nbsp;Jun Lu ,&nbsp;Minsi Zhou ,&nbsp;Haiyun Shi ,&nbsp;Jing Zheng ,&nbsp;Tianxin Cheng ,&nbsp;Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Dawei Yang ,&nbsp;Xingwang Yong ,&nbsp;Fang Xu ,&nbsp;Chenyue Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Dang ,&nbsp;Zhan Wang ,&nbsp;Siying Zhu ,&nbsp;Chunsaier Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Zhenchang Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Wu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenghan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression commonly co-occurs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Abnormal glutamate levels in the insula and altered plasma inflammatory biomarkers are observed in IBD and depression. However, the changes in glutamate concentrations in insular subregions in IBD and their relationship with depression and inflammatory markers remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate differences in glutamate concentrations in insular subregions between IBD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and their correlation with depression scores and inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-two IBD patients (19 active, IBD-A; 23 in remission, IBD-R) and 46 HCs underwent glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) magnetic resonance imaging. Blood samples from 37 IBD patients were collected for plasma inflammatory biomarker analysis. GluCEST indices in insular subregions were measured. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) was used to estimate depression symptoms. Whole-brain voxel-based analysis using one-way ANOVA explored between-group differences in GluCEST indices within the insula. FDR-corrected partial correlation analysis evaluated the relationships between GluCEST, depression symptoms, and inflammatory factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GluCEST indices decreased in IBD patients in the left dorsal dysgranular subregion of the insula (dId) (uncorrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, cluster-level FWE-corrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). GluCEST indices in the left dId showed a significant positive correlation with HADS-D in IBD-R (FDR corrected <em>q</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, GluCEST indices in the left dId were negatively correlated with CXCL9 (FDR corrected <em>q</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>State-specific GluCEST alterations in the left dId are a cerebral metabolic feature of IBD. These changes are associated with depression and inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that the brain-immune-gut axis might underlie depression in IBD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between white matter microstructural changes and aggressiveness. A case-control diffusion tensor imaging study","authors":"Stephanie Seidenbecher ,&nbsp;Jörn Kaufmann ,&nbsp;Maria Schöne ,&nbsp;Henrik Dobrowolny ,&nbsp;Kolja Schiltz ,&nbsp;Thomas Frodl ,&nbsp;Johann Steiner ,&nbsp;Bernhard Bogerts ,&nbsp;Thomas Nickl-Jockschat","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research has focused on identifying neurobiological risk factors associated with aggressive behavior in order to improve prevention and treatment efforts. This study aimed to characterize microstructural differences in white matter (WM) integrity in individuals prone to aggression. We hypothesized that altered cerebral WM microstructure may underlie normal individual variability in aggression and tested this using a case-control design in healthy individuals. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine WM changes in martial artists (<em>n</em> = 29) and age-matched controls (<em>n</em> = 31). We performed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to identify differences in axial diffusivity (AD), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) between the two groups at the whole-brain level. Martial artists were significantly more aggressive than controls, with increased MD in parietal and occipital areas and increased AD in widespread fiber tracts in the frontal, parietal and temporal areas. Positive associations between AD/MD and (physical) appetitive aggression were identified in several clusters, including the corpus callosum, the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the corona radiata. Our study found evidence for WM microstructural changes associated with aggressiveness in a community case-control sample. Longitudinal studies with larger cohorts, taking into account the dimensional nature of aggressiveness, are needed to better understand the underlying neurobiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter integrity and cognitive performance in the subacute phase after ischemic stroke in young adults","authors":"Mijntje M.I. Schellekens ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Esther M. Boot ,&nbsp;Jamie I. Verhoeven ,&nbsp;Merel S. Ekker ,&nbsp;Frederick J.A. Meijer ,&nbsp;Roy P.C. Kessels ,&nbsp;Frank-Erik de Leeuw ,&nbsp;Anil M. Tuladhar","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Reduced white matter integrity outside the stroke lesion may be a potential contributor of post-stroke cognitive impairment. We aimed to investigate how a stroke lesion affects the integrity of surrounding white matter, and whether the integrity of the non-lesioned part of white matter tracts is associated with cognitive performance after ischemic stroke in young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients from the ODYSSEY study, aged 18–49 years, with a first-ever ischemic stroke, underwent 3T MRI and cognitive assessment within six months after the index event. Using TractSeg and free water imaging, we analyzed free water corrected fractional anisotropy (FA_T), free water corrected mean diffusivity (MD_T), and free water (FW) of all white matter tracts outside the stroke lesion. We calculated FA_T and FW in the lesioned white matter tracts at 2 mm incremental distances from the lesion, extending up to 10 mm, represented as Z-scores using the diffusion measures of controls. We categorized patients as no/mild or major vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) and compared with a stroke-free control group (n = 23). Group differences in diffusion measures were examined. We investigated associations between FA_T, FW and cognitive performance across seven domains.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 66 patients (median age 40.3 years (IQR 31.3–46.2); 54.5 % women), 22 had major VCD. In the different lesion expansions, we found differences in FA_T (p = 0.009) and FW (p = 0.049). Patients with major VCD had lower FA_T [range of Cohen’s d (0.65; 1.65)] and higher FW [Cohen’s d (−1.40; −0.64)] values compared to controls, both in the hemisphere affected by the lesion and the unaffected hemisphere. Performance in processing speed correlated with FA_T across eight tracts in the affected hemisphere [range of R²_adj (0.30; 0.37)], and with FW in four tracts in the affected and three in the unaffected hemisphere [R²_adj (0.28; 0.38)].</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In the first months after a stroke, we observed a trend of microstructural changes remote from the lesion that diminish as the distance from the lesion increases. Tissue changes in the white matter outside the lesion are present in both hemispheres, but are more pronounced in the hemisphere affected by the stroke, and may contribute to worse cognitive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong connectivity to the sensorimotor cortex predicts clinical effectiveness of thalamic deep brain stimulation in essential tremor","authors":"F. Grimm ,&nbsp;M. Walcker ,&nbsp;L. Milosevic ,&nbsp;G. Naros ,&nbsp;B. Bender ,&nbsp;D. Weiss ,&nbsp;A. Gharabaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The outcome of thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor (ET) varies, probably due to the difficulty in identifying the optimal target for DBS placement. Recent approaches compared the clinical response with a connectivity-based segmentation of the target area. However, studies are contradictory by indicating the connectivity to the primary motor cortex (M1) or to the premotor/supplementary motor cortex (SMA) to be therapeutically relevant.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify the connectivity profile that corresponds to clinical effective targeting of DBS for ET.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patient-specific probabilistic diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 20 ET patients with bilateral thalamic DBS. Following monopolar review, the stimulation response was classified for the most effective contact in each hemisphere as complete vs. incomplete upper limb tremor suppression (40 assessments). Finally, the connectivity profiles of these contacts within the cortical and cerebellar tremor network were estimated and compared between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The active contacts that led to complete (n = 25) vs. incomplete (n = 15) tremor suppression showed significantly higher connectivity to M1 (p &lt; 0.001), somatosensory cortex (p = 0.008), anterior lobe of the cerebellum (p = 0.026) and SMA (p = 0.05); with Cohen’s (d) effect sizes of 0.53, 0.42, 0.25 and 0.10, respectively. The clinical benefits were achieved without requiring higher stimulation intensities or causing additional side effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Clinical effectiveness of DBS for ET corresponded to a distributed connectivity profile, with the connection to the sensorimotor cortex being most relevant. Long-term follow-up in larger cohorts and replication in out-of-sample data are necessary to confirm the robustness of these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of methylphenidate treatment response for ADHD using conventional and radiomics T1 and DTI features: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mingshi Chen ,&nbsp;Zarah van der Pal ,&nbsp;Maarten G. Poirot ,&nbsp;Anouk Schrantee ,&nbsp;Marco Bottelier ,&nbsp;Sandra J.J. Kooij ,&nbsp;Henk A. Marquering ,&nbsp;Liesbeth Reneman ,&nbsp;Matthan W.A. Caan","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103707","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is commonly treated with methylphenidate (MPH). Although highly effective, MPH treatment still has a relatively high non-response rate of around 30%, highlighting the need for a better understanding of treatment response. Radiomics of T1-weighted images and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) combined with machine learning approaches could offer a novel method for assessing MPH treatment response.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To evaluate the accuracy of both conventional and radiomics approaches in predicting treatment response based on baseline T1 and DTI data in stimulant-naive ADHD participants.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial (ePOD-MPH), involving 47 stimulant-naive ADHD participants (23 boys aged 11.4 ± 0.4 years, 24 men aged 28.1 ± 4.3 years) who underwent 16 weeks of treatment with MPH. Baseline T1-weighted and DTI MRI scans were acquired. Treatment response was assessed at 8 weeks (during treatment) and one week after cessation of 16-week treatment (post-treatment) using the Clinical Global Impressions − Improvement scale as our primary outcome. We compared prediction accuracy using a conventional model and a radiomics model. The conventional approach included the volume of bilateral caudate, putamen, pallidum, accumbens, and hippocampus, and for DTI the mean fractional anisotropy (FA) of the entire brain white matter, bilateral Anterior Thalamic Radiation (ATR), and the splenium of the corpus callosum, totaling 14 regional features. For the radiomics approach, 380 features (shape-based and first-order statistics) were extracted from these 14 regions. XGBoost models with nested cross-validation were used and constructed for the total cohort (n = 47), as well as children (n = 23) and adults (n = 24) separately. Exact binomial tests were employed to compare model performance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;For the conventional model, balanced accuracy (bAcc) in predicting treatment response during treatment was 63 % for the total cohort, 32 % for children, and 36 % for adults (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC): 0.69, 0.33, 0.41 respectively). Radiomics models demonstrated bAcc’s of 68 %, 64 %, and 64 % during treatment (AUC-ROCs of 0.73, 0.62, 0.69 respectively). These predictions were better than chance for both conventional and radiomics models in the total cohort (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.04, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.003 respectively). The radiomics models outperformed the conventional models during treatment in children only (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02). At post-treatment, performance was markedly reduced.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;While conventional and radiomics models performed equally well in predicting clinical improvement across children and adults during treatment, radiomics features offered enhanced structural information beyond conventional region-based volum","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lesion mapping and functional characterization of hemiplegic children with different patterns of hand manipulation","authors":"Antonino Errante ,&nbsp;Francesca Bozzetti ,&nbsp;Alessandro Piras ,&nbsp;Laura Beccani ,&nbsp;Mariacristina Filippi ,&nbsp;Stefania Costi ,&nbsp;Adriano Ferrari ,&nbsp;Leonardo Fogassi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103575","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brain damage in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) affects motor function, with varying severity, making it difficult the performance of daily actions. Recently, qualitative and semi-quantitative methods have been developed for lesion classification, but studies on mild to moderate hand impairment are lacking. The present study aimed to characterize lesion topography and preserved brain areas in UCP children with specific patterns of hand manipulation. A homogeneous sample of 16 UCP children, aged 9 to 14 years, was enrolled in the study. Motor assessment included the characterization of the specific pattern of hand manipulation, by means of unimanual and bimanual measures (Kinematic Hand Classification, KHC; Manual Ability Classification System, MACS; House Functional Classification System, HFCS; Melbourne Unilateral Upper Limb Assessment, MUUL; Assisting Hand Assessment, AHA). The MRI morphological study included multiple methods: (a) qualitative lesion classification, (b) semi-quantitative classification (sq-MRI), (c) voxel-based morphometry comparing UCP and typically developed children (VBM-DARTEL), and (d) quantitative brain tissue segmentation (q-BTS). In addition, functional MRI was used to assess spared functional activations and cluster lateralization in the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres of UCP children during the execution of simple movements and grasping actions with the more affected hand. Lesions most frequently involved the periventricular white matter, corpus callosum, posterior limb of the internal capsule, thalamus, basal ganglia and brainstem. VMB-DARTEL analysis allowed to detect mainly white matter lesions. Both sq-MRI classification and q-BTS identified lesions of thalamus, brainstem, and basal ganglia. In particular, UCP patients with &lt;em&gt;synergic&lt;/em&gt; hand pattern showed larger involvement of subcortical structures, as compared to those with &lt;em&gt;semi-functional&lt;/em&gt; hand. Furthermore, sparing of gray matter in basal ganglia and thalamus was positively correlated with MUUL and AHA scores. Concerning white matter, q-BTS revealed a larger damage of fronto-striatal connections in patients with &lt;em&gt;synergic&lt;/em&gt; hand, as compared to those with &lt;em&gt;semi-functional&lt;/em&gt; hand. The volume of these connections was correlated to unimanual function (MUUL score). The fMRI results showed that all patients, but one, including those with cortical lesions, had activation in ipsilesional areas, regardless of lesion timing. Children with &lt;em&gt;synergic&lt;/em&gt; hand showed more lateralized activation in the ipsilesional hemisphere both during grasping and simple movements, while children with &lt;em&gt;semi-functional&lt;/em&gt; hand exhibited more bilateral activation during grasping. The study demonstrates that lesion localization, rather than lesion type based on the timing of their occurrence, is more associated with the functional level of hand manipulation. Overall, the preservation of subcortical structures and white ma","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103575"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000147/pdfft?md5=1a77ec4dee45b19a28d5e42cdf8a45df&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000147-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139727007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated cerebral blood flow, rather than gray matter Volume, exhibits stronger correlations with blood inflammatory and lipid markers in depression","authors":"Lijun Kang ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaowen Nie ,&nbsp;Qian Gong ,&nbsp;Lihua Yao ,&nbsp;Dan Xiang ,&nbsp;Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ning Tu ,&nbsp;Hongyan Feng ,&nbsp;Xiaofen Zong ,&nbsp;Hanping Bai ,&nbsp;Gaohua Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Lihong Bu ,&nbsp;Zhongchun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arterial spin labeling (ASL) can be used to detect differences in perfusion for multiple brain regions thought to be important in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the potential of cerebral blood flow (CBF) to predict MDD and its correlations between the blood lipid levels and immune markers, which are closely related to MDD and brain function change, remain unclear. The 451 individuals − 298 with MDD and 133 healthy controls who underwent MRI at a single time point with arterial spin labelling and a high resolution T1-weighted structural scan. A proportion of MDD also provided blood samples for analysis of lipid and immune markers. We performed CBF case-control comparisons, random forest model construction, and exploratory correlation analyses. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between gray matter volume (GMV), blood lipids, and the immune system within the same sample to assess the differences in CBF and GMV. We found that the left inferior parietal but supramarginal and angular gyrus were significantly different between the MDD patients and HCs (voxel-wise P &lt; 0.001, cluster-wise FWE correction). And bilateral inferior temporal (ITG), right middle temporal gyrus and left precentral gyrus CBF predict MDD (the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the random forest model is 0.717) and that CBF is a more sensitive predictor of MDD than GMV. The left ITG showed a positive correlation trend with immunoglobulin G (r = 0.260) and CD4 counts (r = 0.283). The right ITG showed a correlation trend with Total Cholesterol (r = −0.249) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (r = −0.295). Immunity and lipids were closely related to CBF change, with the immunity relationship potentially playing a greater role. The interactions between CBF, plasma lipids and immune index could therefore represent an MDD pathophysiological mechanism. The current findings provide evidence for targeted regulation of CBF or immune properties in MDD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 103581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000202/pdfft?md5=80ee3ec6dcfe0ffac183ad343861b124&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000202-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139999596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive brain structural abnormality in cerebral small vessel disease assessed with MR imaging by using causal network analysis","authors":"Ronghua Mu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Qin ,&nbsp;Wei Zheng ,&nbsp;Peng Yang ,&nbsp;Bingqin Huang ,&nbsp;Xiqi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a complex condition characterized by a combination of microcirculation disorders and neurodegenerative processes, CSVD is associated with structural abnormalities in multiple brain regions. However, the progressive pattern of structural changes remains unknown.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In order to detail the progressive structural changes in CSVD patients according to the degree of cognitive impairment, we recruited 121 CSVD patients and 104 healthy controls (HCs). Voxel-based morphometry was employed to measure the gray matter volume (GMV) of each participant. According to the VICCCS-2 diagnostic criteria, patients were initially divided into three stage groups, then we investigated the GMV changes in each stage and their causal relationships using causal structure covariance network (CaSCN) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, patients with CSVD presented stage-specific GMV alterations compared with HCs. With the worsening of cognitive impairment, the decrease in gray matter volume starts from the right hippocampus and gradually spreads to the cortical-subcortical brain regions. Importantly, the right hippocampus in CSVD patients plays a driving role in the directional network and forms both positive and negative causal effect networks with cortical-subcortical brain regions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study reveals the significance of the right hippocampus as an early pathological area in CSVD patients and its causal impact on brain GMV changes with disease progression, shedding light on structural brain damage hierarchy and compensatory mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 103672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315822400113X/pdfft?md5=120bb78dc1595894fb23ae52088841ee&pid=1-s2.0-S221315822400113X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting state connectivity biomarkers of seizure freedom after epilepsy surgery","authors":"Eva Martinez-Lizana,&nbsp;Armin Brandt,&nbsp;Matthias Dümpelmann,&nbsp;Andreas Schulze-Bonhage","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alterations in brain networks may cause the lowering of the seizure threshold and hypersynchronization that underlie the recurrence of unprovoked seizures in epilepsy. The aim of this work is to estimate functional network characteristics, which may help predicting outcome of epilepsy surgery.</p><p>Twenty patients were studied (11 females, 9 males, mean age 33 years) with scalp-recorded HD-EEG in resting state (eyes closed, no interictal discharges) before intracranial evaluation, which allowed the precise determination of the epileptogenic zone. Dipole source time courses in the brain were estimated using Weighted Minimum Norm Estimate based on HD-EEG signals. Information inflow and outflow of atlas-based brain regions were computed using partial directed connectivity. A set of graph measures for pairwise connections in standard EEG frequency bands was calculated.</p><p>After epilepsy surgery 10 patients were seizure-free (Engel 1a) and 10 patients continued suffering from seizures (Engel outcome worse than 1a). Inflow of the regions containing the epileptogenic zone in the beta and delta frequency bands was significantly lower in patients who achieved seizure-freedom after surgery, compared with patients who continued to have seizures (p = 0.012, and p = 0.026, respectively). Average path length in the beta frequency band was significantly higher in patients who achieved seizure freedom (p = 0.012). In the delta frequency band, local efficiency and clustering coefficient were significantly higher in patients who achieved seizure freedom (0.033, 0.046).</p><p>In patients who achieved seizure freedom after surgery, the preoperative analysis of the epileptic network exhibited stronger separation of the region containing the seizure onset zone, with less inflow of information. In contrast, shorter paths within the epileptic network may facilitate hypersynchronous neuronal activity and thus the recurrence of seizures in non-seizure free patients. This study supports the hypothesis that epileptic network properties might help to define suitable candidates for epilepsy surgery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 103673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224001141/pdfft?md5=d4c497901eca9022e5ea1105081c8835&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224001141-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and vascular risk factors for ischemic stroke and cortical morphometry in individuals without a history of stroke: A UK Biobank observational cohort study","authors":"Jiawei Liu ,&nbsp;Yingying Xie ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Qin ,&nbsp;Chunshui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103683","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Stroke risk factors may contribute to cognitive decline and dementia by altering brain tissue integrity. If their effects on brain are nonnegligible, the target regions for stroke rehabilitation with brain stimulation identified by cross-sectional case-control studies may be biased due to the pre-existing brain differences caused by these risk factors. Here, we investigated the effects of stroke risk factors on cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) in individuals without a history of stroke.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this observational study, we used data from the UK Biobank cohort to explore the effects of polygenic risk score for ischemic stroke (PRS&lt;sub&gt;IS&lt;/sub&gt;), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on CT and SA of 62 cerebral regions. We excluded non-Caucasian participants and participants with missing data, unqualified brain images, or a history of stroke or any other brain diseases. We constructed a multivariate linear regression model for each phenotype to simultaneously test the effect of each factor and interaction between factors. The results were verified by sensitivity analyses of SDP or DBP input and adjusting for body-mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or smoking and alcohol intake. By excluding participants with abnormal blood pressure, glucose, or lipid, we tested whether vascular risk factor within normal range also affected cortical phenotypes. To determine clinical relevance of our findings, we also investigated the effects of stroke risk factors and cortical phenotypes on cognitive decline assessed by fluid intelligence score (FIQ) and the mediation of cortical phenotype for the association between stroke risk factor and FIQ.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study consisted of 27 120 eligible participants. Stroke risk factors were associated with 16 CT and two SA phenotypes in both main and sensitivity analyses (all &lt;em&gt;p &lt;&lt;/em&gt; 0.0004, Bonferroni corrected), which could explain portions of variances (partial &lt;em&gt;R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, median 0.62 % [IQR 0.44–0.75 %] in main analyses) in these phenotypes. Among the 18 cortical phenotypes associated with stroke risk factors, we identified 26 specific predictor-phenotype associations (all &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.0026), including the positive associations between PRS&lt;sub&gt;IS&lt;/sub&gt; and SA and between HbA1c and CT, negative associations of SBP and TG with CT, and mixed associations of PRS&lt;sub&gt;IS&lt;/sub&gt; and DBP with CT. Neither LDL nor interactions between risk factors affected cortical phenotypes. Of the 16 associations between vascular risk factors and cortical phenotypes, ten were still significant after excluding participants with abnormal vascular risk assessments and diagnoses. Stroke risk factors were associated with FIQ in all analyses (&lt;em&gt;p &lt;&lt;/em&gt; 0.0004; partial &lt;em&gt;R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, range 0.22","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 103683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}