Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Sleep and physical activity measures are associated with resting-state network segregation in non-demented older adults","authors":"Daniel D. Callow ,&nbsp;Adam P. Spira ,&nbsp;Vadim Zipunnikov ,&nbsp;Hanzhang Lu ,&nbsp;Sarah K. Wanigatunga ,&nbsp;Jill A. Rabinowitz ,&nbsp;Marilyn Albert ,&nbsp;Arnold Bakker ,&nbsp;Anja Soldan ,&nbsp;the BIOCARD Research Team","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Greater physical activity and better sleep are associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline and dementia among older adults, but little is known about their combined associations with measures of brain function and neuropathology. This study investigated potential independent and interactive cross-sectional relationships between actigraphy-estimated total volume of physical activity (TVPA) and sleep patterns [i.e., total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE)] with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) measures of large scale network connectivity and positron emission tomography (PET) measures of amyloid-β. Participants were 135 non-demented older adults from the BIOCARD study (116 cognitively normal and 19 with mild cognitive impairment; mean age = 70.0 years). Using multiple linear regression analyses, we assessed the association between TVPA, TST, and SE with connectivity within the default-mode, salience, and fronto-parietal control networks, and with network modularity, a measure of network segregation. Higher TVPA and SE were independently associated with greater network modularity, although the positive relationship of SE with modularity was only present in amyloid-negative individuals. Additionally, higher TVPA was associated with greater connectivity within the default-mode network, while greater SE was related to greater connectivity within the salience network. In contrast, longer TST was associated with lower network modularity, particularly among amyloid-positive individuals, suggesting a relationship between longer sleep duration and greater network disorganization. Physical activity and sleep measures were not associated with amyloid positivity. These data suggest that greater physical activity levels and more efficient sleep may promote more segregated and potentially resilient functional networks and increase functional connectivity within specific large-scale networks and that the relationship between sleep and functional networks connectivity may depend on amyloid status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000603/pdfft?md5=cf1c57ee0d80b4cb35794323ad368710&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000603-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtle microstructural alterations in white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing after very preterm birth","authors":"Ward Deferm ,&nbsp;Tiffany Tang ,&nbsp;Matthijs Moerkerke ,&nbsp;Nicky Daniels ,&nbsp;Jean Steyaert ,&nbsp;Kaat Alaerts ,&nbsp;Els Ortibus ,&nbsp;Gunnar Naulaers ,&nbsp;Bart Boets","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children born very preterm (VPT, &lt; 32 weeks of gestation) have an increased risk of developing socio-emotional difficulties. Possible neural substrates for these socio-emotional difficulties are alterations in the structural connectivity of the social brain due to premature birth. The objective of the current study was to study microstructural white matter integrity in VPT versus full-term (FT) born school-aged children along twelve white matter tracts involved in socio-emotional processing. Diffusion MRI scans were obtained from a sample of 35 VPT and 38 FT 8-to-12-year-old children. Tractography was performed using TractSeg, a state-of-the-art neural network-based approach, which offers investigation of detailed tract profiles of fractional anisotropy (FA). Group differences in FA along the tracts were investigated using both a traditional and complementary functional data analysis approach. Exploratory correlations were performed between the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2), a parent-report questionnaire assessing difficulties in social functioning, and FA along the tract. Both analyses showed significant reductions in FA for the VPT group along the middle portion of the right SLF I and an anterior portion of the left SLF II. These group differences possibly indicate altered white matter maturation due to premature birth and may contribute to altered functional connectivity in the Theory of Mind network which has been documented in earlier work with VPT samples. Apart from reduced social motivation in the VPT group, there were no significant group differences in reported social functioning, as assessed by SRS-2. We found that in the VPT group higher FA values in segments of the left SLF I and right SLF II were associated with better social functioning. Surprisingly, the opposite was found for segments in the right IFO, where higher FA values were associated with worse reported social functioning. Since no significant correlations were found for the FT group, this relationship may be specific for VPT children. The current study overcomes methodological limitations of previous studies by more accurately segmenting white matter tracts using constrained spherical deconvolution based tractography, by applying complementary tractometry analysis approaches to estimate changes in FA more accurately, and by investigating the FA profile along the three components of the SLF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000196/pdfft?md5=643865ad8546aeab53fe40c293b9e29f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139921563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing upper extremity fine motor function in the presence of white matter hyperintensities: A 7 T MRI cross-sectional study in older adults","authors":"Riccardo Iandolo ,&nbsp;Esin Avci ,&nbsp;Giulia Bommarito ,&nbsp;Ioanna Sandvig ,&nbsp;Gitta Rohweder ,&nbsp;Axel Sandvig","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a prevalent radiographic finding in the aging brain studies. Research on WMH association with motor impairment is mostly focused on the lower-extremity function and further investigation on the upper-extremity is needed. How different degrees of WMH burden impact the network of activation recruited during upper limb motor performance could provide further insight on the complex mechanisms of WMH pathophysiology and its interaction with aging and neurological disease processes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>40 healthy elderly subjects without a neurological/psychiatric diagnosis were included in the study (16F, mean age 69.3 years). All subjects underwent ultra-high field 7 T MRI including structural and finger tapping task-fMRI. First, we quantified the WMH lesion load and its spatial distribution. Secondly, we performed a data-driven stratification of the subjects according to their periventricular and deep WMH burdens. Thirdly, we investigated the distribution of neural recruitment and the corresponding activity assessed through BOLD signal changes among different brain regions for groups of subjects. We clustered the degree of WMH based on location, numbers, and volume into three categories; ranging from mild, moderate, and severe. Finally, we explored how the spatial distribution of WMH, and activity elicited during task-fMRI relate to motor function, measured with the 9-Hole Peg Test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within our population, we found three subgroups of subjects, partitioned according to their periventricular and deep WMH lesion load. We found decreased activity in several frontal and cingulate cortex areas in subjects with a severe WMH burden. No statistically significant associations were found when performing the brain-behavior statistical analysis for structural or functional data.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>WMH burden has an effect on brain activity during fine motor control and the activity changes are associated with varying degrees of the total burden and distributions of WMH lesions. Collectively, our results shed new light on the potential impact of WMH on motor function in the context of aging and neurodegeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000081/pdfft?md5=c5c226fed51d2c0e6ce4f3626f6b27c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000081-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted third visual pathway function in schizophrenia: Evidence from real and implied motion processing","authors":"Antígona Martínez ,&nbsp;Pablo A. Gaspar ,&nbsp;Dalton H. Bermudez ,&nbsp;M. Belen Aburto-Ponce ,&nbsp;Odeta Beggel ,&nbsp;Daniel C. Javitt","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Impaired motion perception in schizophrenia has been associated with deficits in social-cognitive processes and with reduced activation of visual sensory regions, including the middle temporal area (MT+) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). These findings are consistent with the recent proposal of the existence of a specific ‘third visual pathway’ specialized for social perception in which motion is a fundamental component. The third visual pathway transmits visual information from early sensory visual processing areas to the STS, with MT+ acting as a critical intermediary. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate functioning of this pathway during processing of naturalistic videos with explicit (real) motion and static images with implied motion cues. These measures were related to face emotion recognition and motion-perception, as measured behaviorally. Participants were 28 individuals with schizophrenia (Sz) and 20 neurotypical controls. Compared to controls, individuals with Sz showed reduced activation of third visual pathway regions (MT+, pSTS) in response to both real- and implied-motion stimuli. Dysfunction of early visual cortex and pulvinar were also associated with aberrant real-motion processing. Implied-motion stimuli additionally engaged a wide network of brain areas including parietal, motor and frontal nodes of the human mirror neuron system. The findings support concepts of MT+ as a mediator between visual sensory areas and higher-order brain and argue for greater focus on MT+ contributions to social-cognitive processing, in addition to its well-documented role in visual motion processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000093/pdfft?md5=88c890e9afc150d33c4bd5235e7fbc20&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000093-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139589594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From bench to bedside: Overview of magnetoencephalography in basic principle, signal processing, source localization and clinical applications","authors":"Yanling Yang ,&nbsp;Shichang Luo ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang ,&nbsp;Xiumin Gao ,&nbsp;Xufeng Yao ,&nbsp;Tao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive technique that can precisely capture the dynamic spatiotemporal patterns of the brain by measuring the magnetic fields arising from neuronal activity along the order of milliseconds. Observations of brain dynamics have been used in cognitive neuroscience, the diagnosis of neurological diseases, and the brain-computer interface (BCI). In this study, we outline the basic principle, signal processing, and source localization of MEG, and describe its clinical applications for cognitive assessment, the diagnoses of neurological diseases and mental disorders, preoperative evaluation, and the BCI. This review not only provides an overall perspective of MEG, ranging from practical techniques to clinical applications, but also enhances the prevalent understanding of neural mechanisms. The use of MEG is expected to lead to significant breakthroughs in neuroscience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000470/pdfft?md5=2288987a992c75f23052006bfa8bf0a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalamic atrophy and dysconnectivity are associated with cognitive impairment in a multi-center, clinical routine, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","authors":"Robert Zivadinov ,&nbsp;Niels Bergsland ,&nbsp;Dejan Jakimovski ,&nbsp;Bianca Weinstock-Guttman ,&nbsp;Lorena Lorefice ,&nbsp;Menno M. Schoonheim ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Morrow ,&nbsp;Mary Ann Picone ,&nbsp;Gabriel Pardo ,&nbsp;Myassar Zarif ,&nbsp;Mark Gudesblatt ,&nbsp;Jacqueline A. Nicholas ,&nbsp;Andrew Smith ,&nbsp;Samuel Hunter ,&nbsp;Stephen Newman ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. AbdelRazek ,&nbsp;Ina Hoti ,&nbsp;Jon Riolo ,&nbsp;Diego Silva ,&nbsp;Tom A. Fuchs ,&nbsp;Ralph HB. Benedict","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prior research has established a link between thalamic pathology and cognitive impairment (CI) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, the translation of these findings to pwMS in everyday clinical settings has been insufficient.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess which global and/or thalamic imaging biomarkers can be used to identify pwMS at risk for CI and cognitive worsening (CW) in a real-world setting.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was an international, multi-center (11 centers), longitudinal, retrospective, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting MS (pwRRMS). Brain MRI exams acquired at baseline and follow-up were collected. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Thalamic volume (TV) measurement was performed on T2-FLAIR, as well as on T1-WI, when available. Thalamic dysconnectivity, T2-lesion volume (T2-LV), and volumes of gray matter (GM), whole brain (WB) and lateral ventricles (LVV) were also assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>332 pwMS were followed for an average of 2.8 years. At baseline, T2-LV, LVV, TV and thalamic dysconnectivity on T2-FLAIR (p &lt; 0.016), and WB, GM and TV volumes on T1-WI (p &lt; 0.039) were significantly worse in 90 (27.1 %) CI vs. 242 (62.9 %) non-CI pwRRMS. Greater SDMT decline over the follow-up was associated with lower baseline TV on T2-FLAIR (standardized β = 0.203, p = 0.002) and greater thalamic dysconnectivity (standardized β = -0.14, p = 0.028) in a linear regression model.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PwRRMS with thalamic atrophy and worse thalamic dysconnectivity present more frequently with CI and experience greater CW over mid-term follow-up in a real-world setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000482/pdfft?md5=6bf61760d7e5018494fe80b28d4e13eb&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corpus callosum damage in PSP and unsteady PD patients: A multimodal MRI study","authors":"Maria Eugenia Caligiuri ,&nbsp;Andrea Quattrone ,&nbsp;Maria Giovanna Bianco ,&nbsp;Valerio Riccardo Aquila ,&nbsp;Maria Celeste Bonacci ,&nbsp;Camilla Calomino ,&nbsp;Chiara Camastra ,&nbsp;Jolanda Buonocore ,&nbsp;Antonio Augimeri ,&nbsp;Maurizio Morelli ,&nbsp;Aldo Quattrone","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Postural instability (PI) is a common disabling symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, but the brain alterations underlying this sign are not fully understood yet. This study aimed to investigate the association between PI and callosal damage in PD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients, using multimodal MR imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One-hundred and two PD patients stratified according to the presence/absence of PI (PD-steady N=58; PD-unsteady N=44), 69 PSP patients, and 38 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural and diffusion 3T brain MRI. Thickness, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated over 50 equidistant points covering the whole midsagittal profile of the corpus callosum (CC) and compared among groups. Associations between imaging metrics and postural instability score were investigated using linear regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both PSP and PD-unsteady patient groups showed CC involvement in comparison with HC, while no difference was found between PD-steady patients and controls. The CC damage was more severe and widespread in PSP than in PD patients. The CC genu was the regions most damaged in PD-unsteady patients compared with PD-steady patients, showing significant microstructural alterations of MD and FA metrics. Linear regression analysis pointed at the MD in the CC genu as the main contributor to PI among the considered MRI metrics.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study identified callosal microstructural alterations associated with PI in unsteady PD and PSP patients, which provide new insights on PI pathophysiology and might serve as imaging biomarkers for assessing postural instability progression and treatment response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000810/pdfft?md5=0c295c9f421eaa1b72c2a8e4bdbbbd7e&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000810-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in white matter structure relates to hallucination proneness","authors":"Joseph F. Johnson ,&nbsp;Michael Schwartze ,&nbsp;Michel Belyk ,&nbsp;Ana P. Pinheiro ,&nbsp;Sonja A. Kotz","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hallucinations are a prominent transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom but are also prevalent in individuals who do not require clinical care. Moreover, persistent psychosis-like experience in otherwise healthy individuals may be related to an increased risk to transition to a psychotic disorder. This suggests a common etiology across clinical and non-clinical individuals along a multidimensional psychosis continuum that may be detectable in structural variations of the brain. The current diffusion tensor imaging study assessed 50 healthy individuals (35 females) to identify possible differences in white matter associated with hallucination proneness (HP). This approach circumvents potential confounds related to medication, hospitalization, and disease progression common in clinical individuals. We determined how HP relates to white matter structure in selected association, commissural, and projection fiber pathways putatively linked to psychosis. Increased HP was associated with enhanced fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right uncinate fasciculus, the right anterior and posterior arcuate fasciculus, and the corpus callosum. These findings support the notion of a psychosis continuum, providing first evidence of structural white matter variability associated with HP in healthy individuals. Furthermore, alterations in the targeted pathways likely indicate an association between HP-related structural variations and the putative salience and attention mechanisms that these pathways subserve.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224000822/pdfft?md5=097302df699c86edec38fc3fa8c2cd71&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224000822-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling MRI markers for Parkinson’s Disease: GABAergic dysfunction and cortical changes","authors":"Yuan Tian ,&nbsp;Sijia Geng ,&nbsp;Tianyi Liu ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Jianxiu Lian ,&nbsp;Liangjie Lin ,&nbsp;Jiayu Li ,&nbsp;Tao Gong ,&nbsp;Junhong Duan ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study aimed to investigate changes in basal levels of the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and cortical gyrification in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which could further identify potential imaging biomarkers for PD, particularly in patients with early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Fifty patients with PD (EOPD: 10, late-onset Parkinson’s disease [LOPD]: 40) and fifty-two age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent GABA-edited 1H MRS of the SMC and high-resolution 3D T1-weighted brain imaging. GABA levels and local gyrification index (LGI) were calculated to assess GABAergic and cortical gyrification deficits in PD.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The Pearson correlation coefficients revealed significant negative associations between eight indicators, including GABA/Cr level and local gyrification index (LGI) of specific cortical regions (precentral, postcentral, entorhinal, superiortemporal, posteriorcingulate, cuneus, and transversetemporal cortex), and the likelihood of Parkinson’s disease (r &lt; -0.4, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, GABA levels were significantly lower in the SMC region of both EOPD and LOPD patients compared to healthy controls (mean ± SD [u.i.]: EOPD=0.081 ± 0.022 vs. Young-HC=0.112 ± 0.021, p = 0.003; LOPD=0.054 ± 0.024 vs. Old-HC=0.099 ± 0.021, p &lt; 0.001). The logistic regression model was established by using multivariate analysis, identifying two statistically significant indicators: GABA/Cr and LGI of the transversetemporal. The combined model exhibited the highest AUC values in both younger and older populations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>GABAergic dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD patients. Changes in neurotransmitter and morphological may serve as potential markers for the preclinical diagnosis and progression of PD, including EOPD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158224001001/pdfft?md5=ef95c34dbf3f7be8ee907cfaf8b16293&pid=1-s2.0-S2213158224001001-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network analysis of structural MRI predicts executive function in paediatric traumatic brain injury","authors":"Daniel Griffiths-King ,&nbsp;Stefano Seri ,&nbsp;Cathy Catroppa ,&nbsp;Vicki A. Anderson ,&nbsp;Amanda G. Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Intro</h3><div>Paediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) is likely to result in cognitive impairment, specifically executive dysfunction. Evidence of the neuroanatomical correlates of this executive function (EF) impairment is derived from studies that treat morphometry of brain regions as distinct, independent features, rather than as a complex network of interrelationships. Morphometric similarity captures the <em>meso</em>-scale organisation of the cortex as the interrelatedness of multiple macro-architectural features and presents a novel tool with which to investigate the brain post pTBI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a retrospective sample (83 pTBI patients, 33 controls), we estimate morphometric similarity from structural MRI by correlating morphometric features between cortical regions. We compared the <em>meso</em>-scale organisation of the cortex between groups then, using partial least squares regression, assessed the predictive validity of morphometric similarity in understanding later executive functioning, two years post-injury.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that patients and controls did not differ in terms of the overall magnitude of morphometric similarity. However, a pattern of ROI-level morphometric similarity was predictive of day-to-day EF difficulties reported by parents two years post-injury. This prediction was validated using a leave-one-out, and 20-fold cross-validation approach. Prediction was driven by regions of the prefrontal cortex, typically important for healthy maturation of EF skills in childhood. The <em>meso</em>-scale organisation of the cortex also produced more accurate predictions than any one morphometric feature (i.e. cortical thickness or folding index) alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We conclude that these methodologies show utility in predicting later executive functioning in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}