Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Can repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation promote recovery of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness? A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Zhenyu Liu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Wu ,&nbsp;Shuwei Wang ,&nbsp;Huijuan Wu ,&nbsp;Hongliang Gao ,&nbsp;Xiao Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Disorders of consciousness (DoC) are characterized by a broad decline in background excitatory synaptic activity and varying levels of cerebral network disruption. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a neuromodulatory technique, is anticipated to assist the recovery of consciousness. Nonetheless, ongoing debates persist regarding its effectiveness, in light of the inconsistent results of recent research.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of rTMS in promoting recovery of consciousness in patients with DoC and to probe its impact on activity of cerebral functional networks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-eight patients with DoC were included in this randomized controlled trial (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2100044930). Twenty-four patients in the control group accepted conventional therapy. Another 24 patients in the rTMS group received extra rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) once per workday during a 4-week intervention phase. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients emerging improvement on level of consciousness (LOC) based on coma recovery scale- revised (CRS-R) at the end of intervention. Furthermore, other behavioral scales such as the clinical global impression-improvement (CGI-I) and resting state-electroencephalography (rs-EEG) microstate were employed as secondary outcomes. Different microstates served as tools to detect the activity of respective corresponding resting state cerebral functional networks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In comparison to the control group, the rTMS group exhibited a higher proportion of patients emerging improvement on LOC at post-intervention, with a risk ratio of 3.06 (95 % CI 1.54 to 6.09, P = 0.001). The distribution of patients with each grade of CGI-I across the groups also implied a trend that favored the rTMS group (common odds ratio:0.20, 95 % CI 0.065 to 0.63, P = 0.006). With respect to microstate E, the rTMS group had a significantly reduced global explained variance (GEV) was observed in the rTMS group (Z = -2.61, P_bonf = 0.027).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-frequency rTMS over the DLPFC could promote recovery of consciousness in patients with DoC. It might get involved in modulating the balance among cerebral functional networks and facilitating consciousness recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain activity dynamics after traumatic brain injury indicate increased state transition energy and preference of lower order states","authors":"Nate Roy ,&nbsp;S. Parker Singleton ,&nbsp;Keith Jamison ,&nbsp;Pratik Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Sudhin A. Shah ,&nbsp;Amy Kuceyeski","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can cause structural damage to the neural tissue and white matter connections in the brain, disrupting its functional coactivation patterns. Although there are a wealth of studies investigating TBI-related changes in the brain’s structural and functional connectomes, fewer studies have investigated TBI-related changes to the brain’s dynamic landscape. Network control theory is a framework that integrates structural connectomes and functional time-series to quantify brain dynamics. Using this approach, we analyzed longitudinal trajectories of brain dynamics from acute to chronic injury phases in two cohorts of individuals with mild and moderate to severe TBI, and compared them to non-brain-injured, age- and sex-matched control individuals’ trajectories. Our analyses suggest individuals with mild TBI initially have brain activity dynamics similar to controls but then shift in the subacute and chronic stages of the injury (1 month and 12 months post-injury) to favor lower-order visual-dominant states compared to higher-order default mode dominant states. We further find that, compared to controls, individuals with mild TBI have overall decreased entropy and increased transition energy demand in the sub-acute and chronic stages that correlates with poorer attention performance. Finally, we found that the asymmetry in top-down to bottom-up transition energies increased in subacute and chronic stages of mild TBI, possibly indicating decreased efficacy of top-down inhibition. We replicate most findings with the moderate to severe TBI dataset, indicating their robustness, with the notable exception of finding the opposite correlation between global transition energy and mean reaction time (MRT). We attribute differences to the cohorts’ varied injury severity, with perhaps a stronger compensatory mechanism in moderate to severe TBI. Overall, our findings reveal shifting brain dynamics after mild to severe TBI that relate to behavioral measures of attention, shedding light on post-injury mechanisms of recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103799"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of changes in synaptic density in the zQ175DN mouse model of Huntington’s disease: a [18F]SynVesT-1 study","authors":"Liesbeth Everix ,&nbsp;Franziska Zajicek ,&nbsp;Annemie Van Eetveldt ,&nbsp;Longbin Liu ,&nbsp;Jonathan Bard ,&nbsp;Steven Staelens ,&nbsp;Daniele Bertoglio","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by involuntary movements, cognitive decline and psychiatric problems. HD has been associated with synaptic dysfunction and loss of the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). SV2A can readily be quantified via positron emission tomography (PET) using the selective and high affinity SV2A radiotracer [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1 that we previously characterized in C57BL/6J mice. Here, we performed dynamic [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1 PET to characterize SV2A levels at various disease stages in another HD mouse model, zQ175DN, at 3 and 6 months (M) (longitudinal) and 10 M and 16 M (cross-sectional). We also conducted <em>ex vivo</em> SV2A immunofluorescent staining and [³H]UCB-J and [³H]SynVesT-1 autoradiography at 16 M. Dynamic [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1 PET revealed comparable <em>V</em>_T(IDIF) values between male and female 3 M and 6 M old zQ175DN mice. A significant age effect was found in the motor cortex and hippocampus between 3 M and 6 M. From 3 M to 10 M, no significant difference was found between heterozygous and wild-type mice. At 16 M, however, significant <em>V</em>_T(IDIF) differences were observed between genotypes in the motor cortex (−9.1 ± 3.5 %, <em>p</em> = 0.038), hippocampus (−7.5 ± 3.3, <em>p</em> = 0.036) and thalamus (−8.9 ± 3.1 %, <em>p</em> = 0.016). <em>Ex vivo</em> analyses did not confirm the observed deficits at 16 M, likely due to the decreased sensitivity compared to PET. However, [³H]SynVesT-1 and [³H]UCB-J autoradiography displayed the same outcome, ruling out a radioligand-specific effect. [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1 PET identified mild SV2A deficits in the zQ175DN model of HD at 16 M, whereas no significant SV2A deficits were detected at younger ages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103800"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of traumatic brain Injury, post-traumatic stress disorder on Amyloid-β associated network hyperconnectivity and progression of gray matter atrophy","authors":"Susanne G. Mueller","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Amyloid-β associated network hypersynchrony is an early manifestation of pre-clinical Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The overall goal was to investigate a. how TBI and PTSD influence hypersynchrony expression and b. how progressing gray matter atrophy affects hypersynchrony expression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>T1-weighted images, resting-state fMRIs and amyloid-β SUVRs were obtained from 234 DoD-ADNI subjects with or without TBI and/or PTSD. The denoised BOLD signal from 382 rois was extracted with CONN and dynamic resting state analysis was used to identify 8 states including one corresponding to a hypersynchrony state (HSS). SuStaIn with gray matter volumes and amyloid-β SUVR as inputs was used to identify 2 subtypes with progressive gray matter loss.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HSS dwell-time correlated positively with amyloid-β (Kendall tau = 0.125,p = 0.047) and tau Braak stage 5&amp;6 SUVR (Kendall tau = 0.200,p = 0.035). TBI increased the likelihood to observe the HSS (81 % with vs. 18 % wo TBI p &lt; 0.001) as did a diagnosis of PTSD (67.4 % with vs. 32.6 % wo PTSD, p = 0.003). The SuStaIn subtypes differed mostly by the timing of the amyloid-β build-up but not by atrophy pattern. Subtype 2 had higher amyloid-β loads and longer HSS dwell-times than subtype 1 that had higher CAPS scores than subtype 2. Gray matter atrophy did not influence HSS dwell-time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TBI and PTSD increased the likelihood to observe HSS. HSS dwell time was determined by AD pathology severity. The subtype characteristics indicate that PTSD drives gray matter loss in subtype 1 and AD pathology that in subtype 2. Severity of gray matter atrophy influenced neither HSS occurrence nor intensity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 103810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative modeling of brain MRI data identifies small subcortical volumes and associations with cognitive function in youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)","authors":"Blake A. Gimbel ,&nbsp;Donovan J. Roediger ,&nbsp;Mary E. Anthony ,&nbsp;Abigail M. Ernst ,&nbsp;Kent A. Tuominen ,&nbsp;Bryon A. Mueller ,&nbsp;Erik de Water ,&nbsp;Madeline N. Rockhold ,&nbsp;CIFASD,&nbsp;Jeffrey R. Wozniak","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To quantify regional subcortical brain volume anomalies in youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), assess the relative sensitivity and specificity of abnormal volumes in FASD vs. a comparison group, and examine associations with cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants: 47 children with FASD and 39 typically-developing comparison participants, ages 8–17 years, who completed physical evaluations, cognitive and behavioral testing, and an MRI brain scan. A large normative MRI dataset that controlled for sex, age, and intracranial volume was used to quantify the developmental status of 7 bilateral subcortical regional volumes. Z-scores were calculated based on volumetric differences from the normative sample. T-tests compared subcortical volumes across groups. Percentages of atypical volumes are reported as are sensitivity and specificity in discriminating groups. Lastly, Pearson correlations examined the relationships between subcortical volumes and neurocognitive performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with FASD demonstrated lower mean volumes across a majority of subcortical regions relative to the comparison group with prominent group differences in the bilateral hippocampi and bilateral caudate. More individuals with FASD (89%) had one or more abnormally small volume compared to 72% of the comparison group. The bilateral hippocampi, bilateral putamen, and right pallidum were most sensitive in discriminating those with FASD from the comparison group. Exploratory analyses revealed associations between subcortical volumes and cognitive functioning that differed across groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this sample, youth with FASD had a greater number of atypically small subcortical volumes than individuals without FASD. Findings suggest MRI may have utility in identifying individuals with structural brain anomalies resulting from PAE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex hormones shape EEG-based functional connectivity in early-stage Parkinson’s disease patients","authors":"Matteo Conti ,&nbsp;Roberta Bovenzi ,&nbsp;Mariangela Pierantozzi ,&nbsp;Clara Simonetta ,&nbsp;Valerio Ferrari ,&nbsp;Jacopo Bissacco ,&nbsp;Rocco Cerroni ,&nbsp;Claudio Liguori ,&nbsp;Francesca Di Giuliano ,&nbsp;Nicola Biagio Mercuri ,&nbsp;Tommaso Schirinzi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Stefani","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) epidemiology and clinical features are sexually dimorphic. However, there are no data based on EEG functional connectivity (FC). Likewise, the contribution of sex hormones on brain FC has never been evaluated. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between biological sex and sex hormones on cortical FC changes in PD using high-density EEG. This study involved 69 early-stage PD patients (F/M 27/42) and 69 age-matched healthy controls (HC) (F/M 30/39). Sex hormone levels (total-testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)) were assessed in PD patients. Data were recorded with a 64-channel EEG system. Source reconstruction method was used to identify brain activity. Cortico-cortical FC was analysed based on the weighted phase-lag index (wPLI) in θ-α-β-low γ bands. Network-based statistic (NBS) was used to compare FC between genders in HC and PD and to study the relationship between FC and sex hormones in PD. PD exhibited a hypoconnected network at θ and α bands and a hyperconnected network at β band compared to HC. Male HC showed a hyperconnected network at α-band compared to female HC. Conversely, males with PD showed a hypoconnected network at α-band compared to females with PD. In females and males with PD, E2 positively correlated with α-FC, while gonadotropins positively correlated with β-FC. TT positively correlated with the θ-FC only in males. Sex hormones shape EEG-FC in both males and females with PD, supporting their major influence on PD pathophysiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoperfusion regions linked to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores in acute stroke","authors":"Hana Kim ,&nbsp;Alex Teghipco ,&nbsp;Chris Rorden ,&nbsp;Julius Fridriksson ,&nbsp;Mathew Chaves ,&nbsp;Argye E. Hillis","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is widely used to assess stroke severity. While prior studies have identified subcortical regions where infarcts correlate with NIHSS scores, stroke symptoms can also arise from hypoperfusion, not just infarcts. Understanding the potential for neurological recovery post-reperfusion is essential for guiding treatment decisions. The goal of this study was to identify brain regions where hypoperfusion correlates with NIHSS scores, using computed tomography perfusion (CTP) scans in cases of acute ischemic stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective observational study, we analyzed CTP scans and NIHSS scores from 89 patients in the acute phase. We employed a unique support vector regression approach to overcome limitations of traditional mass univariate analyses. Additionally, we used stability selection to identify the most consistent features across subsets, reducing overfitting and ensuring robust predictive models. We verified the consistency of results through nested cross-validation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both cortical and subcortical areas, including white matter tracts, showed associations with NIHSS scores. These regions aligned with functions such as language, spatial attention, sensory, and motor skills, all assessed by the NIHSS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings reveal that hypoperfusion in specific brain regions, including previously underreported cortical areas, contributes to NIHSS scores in acute stroke. Moreover, this study introduces a novel brain mapping approach using CTP imaging and stability selection, offering a more comprehensive view of acute stroke impairments and the potential for recovery before structural reorganization occurs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter microstructural integrity mediates associations between prenatal endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure and intelligence in adolescents","authors":"Shi-Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Hui-Ju Wen ,&nbsp;Fan Huang ,&nbsp;Chien-Wen Sun ,&nbsp;Chih-Mao Huang ,&nbsp;Shu-Li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are well-known endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that potentially affect child neurodevelopment. We aimed to investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to PFAS and PAEs on macro- and micro-structural brain development and intelligence in adolescents using multimodal neuroimaging techniques. We employed structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and various diffusion MRI techniques, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), to assess the gray-matter macrostructure and white-matter microstructural integrity and complexity. Participants were drawn from a birth cohort of 52 mother–child pairs in central Taiwan recruited in 2001, and the adolescent intelligence quotient (IQ) scores were assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Nine PFAS concentrations of cord blood and maternal serum samples were obtained from the children’s mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy (27–40 weeks) using a liquid chromatography system coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer, while maternal urinary phthalates were used to evaluate PAEs exposure. Our results showed significant associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and phthalates with changes in specific fronto-parietal regions of the adolescent male brain, including reduced cortical thickness in the inferior frontal gyrus and right superior parietal cortex, which are involved in language, memory, and executive function. A dose–response association was observed, with higher levels of PFAS and PAE exposure modulating altered white-matter fiber integrity in the superior cerebellar peduncle and inferior cerebellar peduncle of the male and female adolescent brains. In addition, higher levels of prenatal exposure to EDCs were associated with lower IQ scores in adolescents. Mediation analyses further revealed that white-matter microstructure of inter-hemispheric and cerebellar fibers mediated the association between prenatal EDC exposure and adolescent IQ scores in female adolescents. Our multimodal human neuroimaging findings suggest that prenatal exposure to EDCs may have long-lasting effects on neuroanatomical development, neural fiber connectivity, and intelligence in adolescents, and highlight the importance of using advanced diffusion imaging techniques, including DKI and NODDI, to detect neurodevelopmental changes and their brain-behavioral consequences with the risks associated with these environmental exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boostering diagnosis of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with AI-driven neuroimaging – A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Qiong Wu ,&nbsp;Dimitra Kiakou ,&nbsp;Karsten Mueller ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Köhler ,&nbsp;Matthias L. Schroeter","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) as the second most common dementia encompasses a range of syndromes and often shows overlapping symptoms with other subtypes or neurodegenerative diseases, which poses a significant clinical diagnostic challenge. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), specifically the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to neuroimaging, have significantly progressed in addressing this challenge. This study aims to assess the diagnostic and predictive efficacy of neuroimaging feature-based AI algorithms for FTLD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review and <em>meta</em>-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. We searched Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science for English-language, peer-reviewed studies using the following three umbrella terms: artificial intelligence, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and neuroimaging modality. Our survey focused on computer-aided diagnosis for FTLD, employing machine/deep learning with neuroimaging radiomic features.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The <em>meta</em>-analysis includes 75 articles with 20,601 subjects, including 8,051 FTLD patients. The results reveal that FTLD can be automatically classified against healthy controls (HC) with pooled sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 89%, respectively. Likewise, FTLD versus Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification exhibits pooled sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 81%, while FTLD versus Parkinson’s disease (PD) demonstrates pooled sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 75%, respectively. Classification performance distinguishing FTLD from atypical Parkinsonian syndromes (APS) showed pooled sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 79%, respectively. Multiclass classification sensitivity ranges from 42% to 100%, with lower sensitivity occurring in higher class distinctions (e.g., 5-class and 11-class).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of utilizing neuroimaging features to distinguish FTLD from HC, AD, APS, and PD in binary classification. Utilizing deep learning with multimodal neuroimaging data to differentiate FTLD subtypes and perform multiclassification among FTLD and other neurodegenerative disease holds promise for expediting diagnosis. In sum, the <em>meta</em>-analysis supports translation of machine learning tools in combination with imaging to clinical routine paving the way to precision medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103757"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of valproate use and hippocampal atrophy in idiopathic generalized epilepsy","authors":"Xiang Huang ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiuxing Lin ,&nbsp;Kailing Huang ,&nbsp;Yuming Li ,&nbsp;Peiwen Liu ,&nbsp;Danyang Cao ,&nbsp;Wenhao Li ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Xiuli Li ,&nbsp;Qiyong Gong ,&nbsp;Dong Zhou ,&nbsp;Dongmei An","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Recent studies revealed the effect of valproate (VPA) on brain structural changes in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). We aimed to investigate the volume of the entire hippocampus and subfields in patients with IGE, and explored their associations with VPA use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 211 patients with IGE and 97 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent T1-weighted images. Each hippocampus was segmented into seven subfields using HippUnfold. The volumes of bilateral hippocampi and each hippocampal subfield were evaluated. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to identify VPA use related abnormalities in IGE. Subgroup analyses for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), epilepsy with generalized tonic–clonic seizures alone (GTCA), and absence epilepsy (AE) were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The volumes of bilateral hippocampi were reduced in IGE compared with HCs. Subgroup analysis showed significant volume reductions in right hippocampus and its subfields in GTCA. Additionally, significant volume reductions were detected in bilateral hippocampal volumes and subfields in IGE patients currently taking VPA compared with HCs. A negative correlation was observed between the left CA2 volume and the age of onset.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed volume reductions in bilateral hippocampi in IGE, as well as in the right hippocampus and its subfields in GTCA. Abnormalities in both subfields and the whole hippocampus were associated with VPA use. These findings suggest that VPA may have more extensive neuroanatomical effects in IGE, potentially accounting for the heterogeneity observed in neuroimaging studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}