Neurophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Wide-field fluorescence navigation system for efficient miniature multiphoton imaging in freely behaving animals.","authors":"Runlong Wu, Yukun Sun, Zeyu Hao, Chunzhu Zhao, Lishuang Feng, Aimin Wang, Heping Cheng","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.2.025018","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.2.025018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Miniature multiphoton microscopy has revolutionized neuronal imaging in freely behaving animals. However, its shallow depth of field-a result of high axial resolution-combined with a limited field of view (FOV), makes it challenging for researchers to identify regions of interest in three-dimensional space across multimillimeter cranial windows, thereby reducing the system's ease of use.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to develop a multimodal imaging platform with enhanced guidance and a standardized workflow tailored for efficient imaging of freely behaving animals.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We present a wide-field fluorescence navigation system (WF-Nav) featuring a 90-mm working distance, a 4-mm FOV, and single-cell resolution, enabling rapid and precise localization of designated regions. By seamlessly integrating this navigation system with our prior miniature multiphoton microscopes, we established a multimodal platform that supports versatile imaging modalities and seamless transitions to two- or three-photon imaging. Building on this integration, we developed a streamlined workflow for efficient, user-friendly imaging in freely behaving mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We validated the system through large-FOV imaging (4 mm), dual-color imaging (920 and 1030 nm), and deep-brain neuronal imaging (up to 1 mm) in either awake mice or freely moving mice. The entire experimental procedure was completed in <math><mrow><mo>∼</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>min</mi></mrow> </math> , achieving a 100% success rate ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn></mrow> </math> ).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have developed a comprehensive imaging platform that integrates a single-photon wide-field navigation system with miniature two-photon and three-photon microscopy, leveraging the strengths of each modality. Building on this platform, we established a streamlined workflow tailored for imaging freely behaving animals, markedly expanding its applicability and improving efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 2","pages":"025018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast optical imaging techniques for exploring rapid neuronal dynamics.","authors":"Tien Nhat Nguyen, Reham A Shalaby, Eunbin Lee, Sang Seong Kim, Young Ro Kim, Seonghoon Kim, Hyunsoo Shawn Je, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Euiheon Chung","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14608","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical neuroimaging has significantly advanced our understanding of brain function, particularly through techniques such as two-photon microscopy, which captures three-dimensional brain structures with sub-cellular resolution. However, traditional methods struggle to record fast, complex neuronal interactions in real time, which are crucial for understanding brain networks and developing treatments for neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and chronic pain. Recent advancements in ultrafast imaging technologies, including kilohertz two-photon microscopy, light field microscopy, and event-based imaging, are pushing the boundaries of temporal resolution in neuroimaging. These techniques enable the capture of rapid neural events with unprecedented speed and detail. This review examines the principles, applications, and limitations of these technologies, highlighting their potential to revolutionize neuroimaging and improve the diagnose and treatment of neurological disorders. Despite challenges such as photodamage risks and spatial resolution trade-offs, integrating these approaches promises to enhance our understanding of brain function and drive future breakthroughs in neuroscience and medicine. Continued interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to fully leverage these innovations for advancements in both basic and clinical neuroscience.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portable six-channel laser speckle system for simultaneous measurement of cerebral blood flow and volume with potential applications in characterization of brain injury.","authors":"Simon Mahler, Yu Xi Huang, Max Ismagilov, David Álvarez-Chou, Aidin Abedi, J Michael Tyszka, Yu Tung Lo, Jonathan Russin, Richard L Pantera, Charles Liu, Changhuei Yang","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015003","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) are key metrics for regional cerebrovascular monitoring. Simultaneous, non-invasive measurement of CBF and CBV at different brain locations would advance cerebrovascular monitoring and pave the way for brain injury detection as current brain injury diagnostic methods are often constrained by high costs, limited sensitivity, and reliance on subjective symptom reporting.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to develop a multi-channel non-invasive optical system for measuring CBF and CBV at different regions of the brain simultaneously with a cost-effective, reliable, and scalable system capable of detecting potential differences in CBF and CBV across different regions of the brain.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The system is based on speckle contrast optical spectroscopy and consists of laser diodes and board cameras, which have been both tested and investigated for safe use on the human head. Apart from the universal serial bus connection for the camera, the entire system, including its battery power source, is integrated into a wearable headband and is powered by 9-V batteries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The temporal dynamics of both CBF and CBV in a cohort of five healthy subjects were synchronized and exhibited similar cardiac period waveforms across all six channels. The potential use of our six-channel system for detecting the physiological sequelae of brain injury was explored in two subjects, one with moderate and one with significant structural brain damage, where the six-point CBF and CBV measurements were referenced to structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We pave the way for a viable multi-point optical instrument for measuring CBF and CBV. Its cost-effectiveness allows for baseline metrics to be established prior to injury in populations at risk for brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population imaging of internal state circuits relevant to psychiatric disease: a review.","authors":"Sophia Arruda Da Costa E Silva, Nicholas J McDonald, Arushi Chamaria, Joseph M Stujenske","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14607","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Internal states involve brain-wide changes that subserve coordinated behavioral and physiological responses for adaptation to changing environments and body states. Investigations of single neurons or small populations have yielded exciting discoveries for the field of neuroscience, but it has been increasingly clear that the encoding of internal states involves the simultaneous representation of multiple different variables in distributed neural ensembles. Thus, an understanding of the representation and regulation of internal states requires capturing large population activity and benefits from approaches that allow for parsing intermingled, genetically defined cell populations. We will explain imaging technologies that permit recording from large populations of single neurons in rodents and the unique capabilities of these technologies in comparison to electrophysiological methods. We will focus on findings for appetitive and aversive states given their high relevance to a wide range of psychiatric disorders and briefly explain how these approaches have been applied to models of psychiatric disease in rodents. We discuss challenges for studying internal states which must be addressed with future studies as well as the therapeutic implications of findings from rodents for improving treatments for psychiatric diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of spine classes shows intra-neuronal dendritic heterogeneity in mouse cortex.","authors":"Carina C Theobald, Ahmadali Lotfinia, Jan A Knobloch, Yasser Medlej, David R Stevens, Marcel A Lauterbach","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Neuronal dendritic spines are central elements for memory and learning. Their morphology correlates with synaptic strength and is a proxy for function. Classic light microscopy cannot resolve spine morphology well, and techniques with higher resolution (electron microscopy and super-resolution light microscopy) typically do not provide spine data in large fields of view, e.g., along entire dendrites. Therefore, it remains unclear if spine types are organized on mesoscopic scales, despite their undisputed importance for understanding the brain.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Recently, it was shown that the distribution of spine type is dendrite-specific in the turtle cortex, suggesting a mesoscopic organization, but leaving the question open if such a dendrite specificity also exists in mammals. Here, we determine if such a difference in spine-type distribution among dendrites also exists in the mouse brain.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We used super-resolution stimulated emission depletion microscopy of complete dendrites and advanced morphological analysis in three dimensions to decipher morphological differences of spines on different dendrites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that spines of different shapes decorate different dendrites of the same neuron to a varying extent. Significant differences among the dendrites are apparent, based on spine classes as well as based on quantitative descriptors, such as spine length or head size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings may indicate that it is an evolutionarily conserved principle that individual dendrites have distinct distributions of spine types hinting at individual roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizure network characterization by functional connectivity mapping and manipulation.","authors":"James E Niemeyer, Peijuan Luo, Carmen Pons, Shiqiang Wu, Hongtao Ma, Jyun-You Liou, Daniel Surinach, Suhasa B Kodandaramaiah, Theodore H Schwartz","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14605","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Despite the availability of various anti-seizure medications, nearly 1/3 of epilepsy patients experience drug-resistant seizures. These patients are left with invasive surgical options that do not guarantee seizure remission. The development of novel treatment options depends on elucidating the complex biology of seizures and brain networks.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to develop an experimental paradigm that uses anatomical network information, functional connectivity, and <i>in vivo</i> seizure models to determine how brain networks, and their manipulation, affect seizure propagation.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Guided by a known anatomical network, we applied widefield calcium imaging to determine how neural activity and seizures spread through the network regions, focusing on the primary somatosensory cortex and secondary motor cortex. We used <i>in vivo</i> microstimulation to induce suprathreshold excitatory activation and compared this reproducible stimulus with acute pharmacologically induced spontaneous seizure propagation. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we ablated a single node within this bilateral network and measured the effect on propagation and recruitment. Similar preliminary experiments were repeated in a chronic seizure model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microstimulation of the somatosensory cortex propagated in a distinct pattern throughout the bilateral network with sequential reproducible node recruitment. Seizures recapitulated this same pattern, indicating a hijacking of existing pathways. Ablation of a key node in the network in the secondary motor cortex changed contralateral spread. Early chronic cobalt seizure data are presented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Here, we demonstrate a paradigm for combining widefield calcium imaging with microstimulation, cortical ablation, and seizure mapping to determine how anatomical networks inform the propagation patterns of cortical seizures. These experiments can be extended to long-term tracking of epilepsy to study epileptogenesis in other cortical networks. Our proof-of-concept findings suggest that this paradigm may be useful in the development of novel therapies for drug-resistant epilepsy patients and can be extended to the study of other disorders involving brain networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical attenuation coefficient decorrelation-based optical coherence tomography angiography for microvascular evaluation of Alzheimer's disease on mice.","authors":"Ben Xiang, Ning Ding, Huiwen Jiang, Jian Liu, Yao Yu, Jingmin Luan, Yuqian Zhao, Yi Wang, Yanqiu Yang, Cheng Ji, Fengwen Wang, Zhenhe Ma","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015013","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The deep cortical microvasculature is closely linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, tail artifacts from superficial cortical vessels often interfere with detecting deep vessels in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging. A more accurate method to assess deep cortical vasculature is crucial for understanding its relationship with AD onset.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to reduce superficial vessel artifacts in OCTA imaging and improve the visualization and analysis of deep cortical microvasculature in an AD mouse model.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We introduced the optical attenuation coefficient decorrelation (OACD) method for OCTA, effectively reducing tail artifacts from superficial cortex vessels. This method was used to visualize and quantitatively analyze deep cortical microvasculature <i>in vivo</i> in a mouse model of AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OACD method significantly reduced superficial vessel artifacts, leading to clearer imaging of the deep cortical vasculature. Quantitative analysis revealed that changes in the deep cortical microvasculature were more pronounced than in the superficial vasculature, suggesting a more direct involvement of the deep vessels in AD progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed OACD method enhances OCTA imaging by reducing tail artifacts from superficial vessels, facilitating improved assessment of deep cortical microvasculature. These findings suggest that deep cortical vascular changes may play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD, offering potential insights for early detection and monitoring of AD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expansion microscopy reveals neural circuit organization in genetic animal models.","authors":"Shakila Behzadi, Jacquelin Ho, Zainab Tanvir, Gal Haspel, Limor Freifeld, Kristen E Severi","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.010601","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.010601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expansion microscopy is a super-resolution technique in which physically enlarging the samples in an isotropic manner increases inter-molecular distances such that nano-scale structures can be resolved using light microscopy. This is particularly useful in neuroscience as many important structures are smaller than the diffraction limit. Since its invention in 2015, a variety of expansion microscopy protocols have been generated and applied to advance knowledge in many prominent organisms in neuroscience, including zebrafish, mice, <i>Drosophila</i>, and <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. We review the last decade of expansion microscopy-enabled advances with a focus on neuroscience.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"010601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative simulation of near-infrared light treatment for Alzheimer's disease using patient-individualized optical-parametric phantoms.","authors":"Sihan Dong, Rui Zhang, Jun Xue, Yuanzhen Suo, Xunbin Wei","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015010","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain disorder characterized by its multifactorial nature and complex pathogenesis, highlighting the necessity for multimodal and individualized interventions. Among emerging therapies, near-infrared (NIR) light treatment shows promise as a therapeutic modality for AD. However, existing clinical studies lack sufficient data on light dosimetry, parameter optimization, and dose-response.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>A versatile framework was developed to enable patient-individualized Monte Carlo simulation. A standardized dataset was established, including digital phantoms derived from 20 AD patients who received NIR light treatment.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The phantoms were synthesized and mapped with multispectral optical parameters, integrating cortical parcellation, subcortical segmentation, and sparse annotation. Structure-related light fluence pathways and dose-response relationships were elucidated using simulation results and cognitive/functional assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The capability for enhancing simulation fidelity and exploring dose-response relationships was verified using standard templates and clinical data. Linear independence was identified between changes in activities of daily living scale scores and energy deposition in gray matter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The framework offers a solution toward dose-response analysis, parameter optimization, and safety control in the clinical translation for multiple treatment paradigms, demonstrating promise for individualized, standardized, and precise intervention planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisensory naturalistic decoding with high-density diffuse optical tomography.","authors":"Kalyan Tripathy, Zachary E Markow, Morgan Fogarty, Mariel L Schroeder, Alexa M Svoboda, Adam T Eggebrecht, Bradley L Schlaggar, Jason W Trobaugh, Joseph P Culver","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015002","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Decoding naturalistic content from brain activity has important neuroscience and clinical implications. Information about visual scenes and intelligible speech has been decoded from cortical activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electrocorticography, but widespread applications are limited by the logistics of these technologies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) offers image quality approaching that of fMRI but with the silent, open scanning environment afforded by optical methods, thus opening the door to more naturalistic research and applications. Although early visual decoding studies with HD-DOT have been promising, decoding of naturalistic auditory and multisensory stimulus information from HD-DOT data has not been established.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Audiovisual decoding was investigated using HD-DOT data collected from participants who viewed a library of movie clips. A template-matching strategy was used to decode which movie clip a participant viewed based on their HD-DOT data. Factors affecting decoding performance-including trial duration and number of decoding choices-were systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decoding accuracy was 94.2% for four-way decoding utilizing 4 min of data per trial as a starting point. As parameters were made more stringent, decoding performance remained significantly above chance with strong effect sizes down to 15-s trials and up to 32 choices. Comparable decoding accuracies were obtained when cortical sampling was confined to visual and auditory regions and when participants were presented with purely auditory or visual clips.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HD-DOT data sample cortical hemodynamics with sufficient resolution and fidelity to support decoding complex, naturalistic, multisensory stimuli via template matching. These results provide a foundation for future studies on more intricate decoding algorithms to reconstruct diverse features of novel naturalistic stimuli from HD-DOT data.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015002"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}