Neurophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Low-cost physiology and behavioral monitor for intravital imaging in small mammals.","authors":"Yuntao Li, Alfredo Cardenas-Rivera, Chang Liu, Zhengyi Lu, Jaime Anton, Mohammed Alfadhel, Mohammad A Yaseen","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Functional brain imaging experiments in awake animals require meticulous monitoring of animal behavior to screen for spontaneous behavioral events. Although these events occur naturally, they can alter cell signaling and hemodynamic activity in the brain and confound functional brain imaging measurements.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We developed a centralized, user-friendly, and stand-alone platform that includes an animal fixation frame, compact peripheral sensors, and a portable data acquisition system. The affordable, integrated platform can benefit imaging experiments by monitoring animal behavior for motion detection and alertness levels as complementary readouts for brain activity measurements.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A custom acquisition system was designed using a powerful, inexpensive microcomputer. We customized an accelerometer and miniature camera modules for efficient, real-time monitoring of animal motion detection and pupil diameter. We then tested and validated the platform's performance with optical intrinsic signal imaging and GCaMP fluorescence calcium imaging in functional activation experiments in awake mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The integrated platform shows promise for detecting spontaneous motion and pupil dilation while imaging. Stimulus-induced pupil dilation was found to initiate earlier than cortical hemodynamics with a slower rise time. Compared with neuronal calcium response, stimulus-induced pupil dilation initiated later with a slower rise time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed an integrated platform to monitor animal motion and pupil dynamics. The device can be easily coupled and synchronized with optical brain imaging systems to monitor behavior, alertness, and spontaneous motion for awake animal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zika virus encephalitis causes transient reduction of functional cortical connectivity.","authors":"Shannon C Agner, Lindsey M Brier, Jeremy D Hill, Ethan Y Liu, Annie Bice, Rachel M Rahn, Shengxuan Chen, Joseph P Culver, Robyn S Klein","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14603","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Determining the long-term cognitive impact of infections is clinically challenging. Using functional cortical connectivity, we demonstrate that interhemispheric cortical connectivity is decreased in individuals with acute Zika virus (ZIKV) encephalitis. This correlates with decreased presynaptic terminals in the somatosensory cortex. During recovery from ZIKV infection, presynaptic terminals recover, which is associated with recovered interhemispheric connectivity. This supports the contribution of synapses in the cortex to functional networks in the brain, which can be detected by widefield optical imaging. Although myeloid cell and astrocyte numbers are still increased during recovery, RNA transcription of multiple proinflammatory cytokines that increase during acute infection decreases to levels comparable to mock-infected mice during recovery. These findings also suggest that the immune response and cytokine-mediated neuroinflammation play significant roles in the integrity of brain networks during and after viral encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We hypothesized that widefield optical imaging would allow us to assess functional cortical network disruption by ZIKV, including hippocampal-cortical networks.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We use widefield optical imaging to measure cortical functional connectivity (FC) in mice during acute infection with, and recovery from, intracranial infection with a mouse-adapted strain of ZIKV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acute ZIKV infection leads to high levels of myeloid cell activation, with loss of neurons and presynaptic termini in the cerebral cortex and associated loss of FC primarily within the somatosensory cortex. During recovery, neuron numbers, synapses, and FC recover to levels near those of healthy mice. However, hippocampal injury and impaired spatial cognition persist. The magnitude of activated myeloid cells during acute infection predicted both recovery of synapses and the degree of FC recovery after recovery from ZIKV infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that a robust inflammatory response may contribute to the health of functional brain networks after recovery from infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site- and electroencephalogram-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation on electroencephalogram global network topology in young adults.","authors":"Shu Kang, Lin Li, Sadra Shahdadian, Anqi Wu, Hanli Liu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015011","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is an optical intervention that effectively enhances human cognition. However, limited studies have reported the effects of tPBM on electrophysiological brain networks.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to investigate the site- and electroencephalogram (EEG)-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal tPBM on the EEG global network topology of the human brain, so a better understanding of how tPBM alters EEG brain networks can be achieved.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A total of 26 healthy young adults participated in the study, with multiple visits when either active or sham tPBM interventions were delivered to either the left or right forehead. A 19-channel EEG cap recorded the time series before and after the 8-min tPBM/sham. We used graph theory analysis (GTA) and formulated adjacency matrices in five frequency bands, followed by quantification of normalized changes in GTA-based global topographical metrics induced by the respective left and right tPBM/sham interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis indicated that the effects of 800-nm prefrontal tPBM on the EEG global topological networks are both site- and EEG-frequency-dependent. Specifically, our results demonstrated that the left 800-nm tPBM primarily enhanced the alpha network efficiency and information transmission, whereas the right 800-nm tPBM augmented the clustering ability of the EEG topological networks and improved the formation of small-worldness of the beta waves across the entire brain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concluded that 800-nm prefrontal tPBM can enhance global connectivity patterns and information transmission in the human brain, with effects that are site- and EEG-frequency-specific. To further confirm and better understand these findings, future research should correlate post-tPBM cognitive assessments with EEG network analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization optical coherence tomography optoretinography: verifying light-induced photoreceptor outer segment shrinkage and subretinal space expansion.","authors":"Shaiban Ahmed, Taeyoon Son, Guangying Ma, Xincheng Yao","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015005","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signal (IOS) changes in retinal photoreceptors are critical for functional optoretinography (ORG). Optical coherence tomography (OCT), with its depth-resolved imaging capability, has been actively explored for IOS imaging of retinal photoreceptors. However, recent OCT studies have reported conflicting results regarding light-induced changes in the photoreceptor outer segments (OSs), with both elongation and shrinkage being observed. These discrepancies may stem from the difficulty in reliably identifying OS boundaries, particularly the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and OS tip, as well as potential confusion with subretinal space dynamics. Gaining a better understanding of these light-induced OS changes is essential for accurate interpretation of ORG measurements and for optimizing IOS imaging systems to enhance sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to develop a method for the reliable identification of OS boundaries and to verify light-induced photoreceptor OS shrinkage and subretinal space expansion.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We employed a polarization-resolved full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography system capable of sequentially capturing parallel-polarization and cross-polarization OCT signals. The parallel-polarization mode is optimized to detect ballistically reflected photons from well-defined retinal boundaries, such as the IS/OS junction and the photoreceptor tips, whereas cross-polarization primarily captures multiply scattered photons. This differentiation enables parallel-polarization OCT to minimize the interference from scattered photons, enhancing the precision of OCT band quantification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parallel-polarization OCT revealed photoreceptor OS shrinkage and subretinal space expansion in light conditions compared with dark conditions. Moreover, the overall outer retinal length appeared to swell under light. These observations were consistently confirmed in four healthy adult human subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parallel-polarization OCT provides a reliable method for identifying the IS/OS junction and OS tip, confirming light-induced photoreceptor OS shrinkage and subretinal space expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscocohesive hyaluronan gel enhances stability of intravital multiphoton imaging with subcellular resolution.","authors":"Ryan A Morton, Tyson N Kim","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14602","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has become a preferred technique for intravital imaging deep in living tissues with subcellular detail, where resolution and working depths are typically optimized utilizing high numerical aperture, water-immersion objectives with long focusing distances. However, this approach requires the maintenance of water between the specimen and the objective lens, which can be challenging or impossible for many intravital preparations with complex tissues and spatial arrangements. We introduce the novel use of cohesive hyaluronan gel (HG) as an immersion medium that can be used in place of water within existing optical setups to enable multiphoton imaging with equivalent quality and far superior stability. We characterize and compare imaging performance, longevity, and feasibility of preparations in various configurations. This combination of HG with MPM is highly accessible and opens the doors to new intravital imaging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurovascular coupling over cortical brain areas and resting state network connectivity with and without rigidified carotid artery.","authors":"Marleen E Bakker, Cong Zhang, Matthieu P Vanni, Frédéric Lesage","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14606","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is key to research as hemodynamics can reflect neuronal activation and is often used in studies regarding the resting state network (RSN). However, several circumstances, including diseases that reduce blood vessel elasticity, can diminish NVC. In these cases, hemodynamic proxies might not accurately reflect the neuronal RSN.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to investigate in resting state if (1) NVC differs over brain regions, (2) NVC remains intact with a mild rigidification of the carotid artery, (3) hemodynamic-based RSN reflects neuronal-based RSN, and (4) RSN differs with a mildly rigidified artery.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We rigidified the right common carotid artery of mice ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn></mrow> </math> ) by applying a <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>CaCl</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> -soaked cloth to it (NaCl for Sham, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>17</mn></mrow> </math> ). With simultaneous GCaMP and intrinsic optical imaging, we compared neuronal activation to hemodynamic changes over the entire cortex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NVC parameters did not differ between the CaCl and Sham groups. Likewise, GCaMP and hemodynamic RSN showed similar connections in both groups. However, the parameters of NVC differed over brain regions. Retrosplenial regions had a slower response and a higher HbR peak than sensory and visual regions, and the motor cortex showed less HbO influx than sensory and visual regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NVC in a resting state differs over brain regions but is not altered by mild rigidification of the carotid artery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Important role of the right hemisphere in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Yinan Ai, Yu Zhang, Fang Zheng, Haojie Hu, Mingyu Yin, Ziying Ye, Haiqing Zheng, Liying Zhang, Xiquan Hu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015008","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The current neuromodulation treatment for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is formulated based on interhemispheric inhibition, which is particularly relevant in the context of motor disorders after stroke. However, the pathological mechanism of PSCI remains unclear, which is completely different from motor disorders. Therefore, exploring the pathological brain characteristics of PSCI can provide a reliable theoretical basis for effective neuromodulation treatment for it.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We explored different functional connectivity (FC) manifestations of PSCI with or without aphasia via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to provide a pathological basis for the neuromodulation strategy.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We collected cognitive performance and fNIRS data from patients with PSCI without aphasia (PSCI group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>33</mn></mrow> </math> ) and patients with post-stroke aphasia (PSA group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>31</mn></mrow> </math> ), using normal cognition stroke patients (SC group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn></mrow> </math> ) and healthy subjects (HC group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>31</mn></mrow> </math> ) as controls. Differences in FC among different types of stroke-related cognitive impairment were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall FC in the PSCI group was lower than that in the SC or HC group, and the FCs of the right hemisphere, the right default mode network (DMN), and the right central executive network (CEN) of PSCI patients were significantly lower than those of the left ones. In the PSA group, the FCs of the DMN and CEN were not lower than those in the SC and HC groups, and the FC of the left hemisphere was significantly greater than that of the right hemisphere. In addition, the FC of PSCI patients with right lesions was weaker than that of left lesions, which was closely correlated with the cognitive scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unlike the left hemisphere activation strategy commonly used previously, our results suggest that the important role of the right hemisphere may be overlooked in PSCI patients with or without aphasia. Future treatment options and studies could consider focusing on the right hemisphere or bilateral hemispheres.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex difference in language cognition in the elderly group: a near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Yizhu Tian, Wenyu Jiang, Mingxi Yang, Di Wu, Xiang Li, Deyu Li, Daifa Wang, Meiyun Xia","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015007","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>There are sex differences in the incidence and prevalence of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Whether this difference is already present in the preclinical stage of the disease is unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to explore whether there are sex differences in brain functional activities of specific cognitive tasks in the elderly and identify sex-related biomarkers of specific cognitive functions, which may provide important references for the mechanism disclosure and clinical early screening and diagnosis of cognitive disorders.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We measured global cerebral hemoglobin concentrations and connectivity in elderly male ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>45</mn></mrow> </math> ) and female ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>44</mn></mrow> </math> ) groups during the letter and category verbal fluency tasks. The sex differences in activation and connectivity and their relationship with task performance were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that there is a significant sex difference in connectivity, especially connectivity between the left inferior parietal and right prefrontal and left and right occipital in letter tasks, including the connectivity in parietal, left inferior parietal, and left occipital in category tasks. These connectivities were also significantly negatively correlated with the task performance of male groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicated the connectivity between the left inferior parietal and right prefrontal, left and right occipital in letter tasks; the internal connectivity in the parietal; and the connectivity between parietal and the left inferior parietal and right occipital in category tasks may be crucial for verbal assessment of aging males. It is expected that the results will assist in cognitive assessment in the elderly group.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmable scanning diffuse speckle contrast imaging of cerebral blood flow.","authors":"Faezeh Akbari, Xuhui Liu, Fatemeh Hamedi, Mehrana Mohtasebi, Li Chen, Lei Chen, Guoqiang Yu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015006","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Cerebral blood flow (CBF) imaging is crucial for diagnosing cerebrovascular diseases. However, existing large neuroimaging techniques with high cost, low sampling rate, and poor mobility make them unsuitable for continuous and longitudinal CBF monitoring at the bedside.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to develop a low-cost, portable, programmable scanning diffuse speckle contrast imaging (PS-DSCI) technology for fast, high-density, and depth-sensitive imaging of CBF in rodents.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The PS-DSCI employed a programmable digital micromirror device (DMD) for remote line-shaped laser (785 nm) scanning on tissue surface and synchronized a 2D camera for capturing boundary diffuse laser speckle contrasts. New algorithms were developed to address deformations of line-shaped scanning, thus minimizing CBF reconstruction artifacts. The PS-DSCI was examined in head-simulating phantoms and adult mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PS-DSCI enables resolving intralipid particle flow contrasts at different tissue depths. <i>In vivo</i> experiments in adult mice demonstrated the capability of PS-DSCI to image global/regional CBF variations induced by 8% <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> inhalation and transient carotid artery ligations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with conventional point scanning, line scanning in PS-DSCI significantly increases spatiotemporal resolution. The high sampling rate of PS-DSCI is crucial for capturing rapid CBF changes while high spatial resolution is important for visualizing brain vasculature.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015006"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FASER: a tool for vectorial point spread function simulation with applications in stimulated emission depletion microscopy.","authors":"Johannes Roos, Stéphane Bancelin, U Valentin Nägerl","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.017801","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.017801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce FASER, a software package designed to simulate the excitation point spread functions (PSFs) of microscopes. It is written in Python as a plugin for the open-source platform Napari. Using a full-vectorial computational approach to simulate the electromagnetic fields within the focal region makes precise predictions and allows detailed analyses of excitation PSFs. FASER is intended as a pedagogical tool enabling users to explore the impacts of various geometrical and optical parameters of practical importance on the performance of the microscope. It supports the modeling of complex beam profiles, including donut and bottle-shaped beams, which are commonly used in advanced microscopy techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Through specific simulations and accessible illustrations, we showcase FASER's capabilities in capturing characteristic features of STED microscopy, making it a practical resource for researchers and students in optical microscopy to explore and optimize high-resolution imaging techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"017801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}